Radiation protection and emergency system for radioactive substance transportation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactive substance transportation, and particularly relates to a radiation protection and emergency system for radioactive substance transportation. According to the invention, the radiation protection management system realizes the functions of personnel dose data management, radiation monitoring and protection equipment management; the nuclear emergency evaluation system comprises an accident scene setting module, a data preprocessing module, a release source item estimation module, a dose calculation module and a result display module. The emergency management system realizes emergency guarding, emergency resource management, file management, event management, response notification, emergency notification and report and emergency instructions; the nuclear emergency exercise system constructs an exercise scheme by editing related data, and the exercise scheme can be preset in an exercise mode for exercise mode selection; all historical exercise records are managed, and reactivation, evaluation and evaluation report viewing are supported. The system is used for radiation monitoring, radiation protection and emergency evaluation under the accident condition, and meanwhile the requirement of daily operation management is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactive material transportation, and in particular relates to a radiation protection and emergency system for radioactive material transportation. Background Art

[0002] The use of radioactive materials is an important part of modern life and applied technology, and is widely used in medicine, industry, agriculture, scientific research, consumer products and power generation. Millions of radioactive materials are transported around the world every year. In order to ensure the safety of personnel, property and the environment, my country has established relevant laws, regulations and procedures for the transportation of radioactive materials. Relevant departments use these laws, regulations and procedures to control the transportation of radioactive materials. Strict measures are required to ensure adequate containment, shielding, and to prevent the occurrence of nuclear criticality in radioactive transportation accidents.

[0003] The transportation of radioactive materials is characterized by a large range of activities, increasing quantity and variety, diverse transportation methods, and long transportation routes and total transportation mileage. Therefore, emergency response to accidents involving the transportation of radioactive materials is characterized by uncertain locations, high probability of accidents, and emergency response is sometimes extremely difficult.

[0004] The emergency response actions for radioactive material transportation accidents are mainly divided into three stages: initial response, accident control and on-site recovery. After the accident occurs, emergency assessment needs to be carried out as soon as possible to confirm the existence of radioactive materials, assess potential radioactivity and its hazards, determine the degree of hazard and prevent emergency responders and the public from unnecessary exposure. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a radiation protection and emergency system to have the radiation protection, monitoring and evaluation capabilities required for emergency response. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a radiation protection and emergency system for the transportation of radioactive materials, which is used for radiation monitoring, radiation protection, and emergency evaluation in the event of an accident, while taking into account the needs of daily operation management.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A radiation protection and emergency system for the transportation of radioactive materials, comprising a radiation protection management system, a nuclear emergency assessment system, a nuclear emergency management system, and a nuclear emergency exercise system. The radiation protection management system realizes personnel dose data management, radiation monitoring, and protective equipment management functions; the nuclear emergency assessment system comprises an accident scenario setting module, a data preprocessing module, a release source term estimation module, a dose calculation module, and a result display module; the emergency management system realizes emergency duty, emergency resource management, file management, event management, response notification, emergency notice and report, and emergency instruction; the nuclear emergency exercise system constructs an exercise plan by editing relevant data, and can be preset in an exercise mode for exercise mode selection; manages all historical exercise records, and supports reactivation, evaluation, and viewing of evaluation reports.

[0008] The radiation protection management system includes a personnel dose database, which can view personnel dose data, provide historical trend analysis and data statistics; a protection equipment management module, which manages radiation monitoring equipment, radiation protection equipment, fire-fighting equipment, communication equipment, emergency supplies and supply boxes.

[0009] The accident scenario setting module realizes the input or presetting of the cargo package type, the inventory of accident cargo package contents, the accident type, the accident location and the transportation route required for the radiation hazard assessment of the affected area.

[0010] The data preprocessing module realizes the acquisition of monitoring data and the configuration of basic parameters. It can quickly add data as needed, acquire data in real time or interactively, and view the data line display, so that emergency personnel can understand the monitoring data and its changing trends; for abnormal situations where some data is missing, it can be imported for local viewing through data import.

[0011] The release source term estimation module estimates the release source term of the transport accident based on the accident scene and monitoring data, and calculates the change of the impact area range over time.

[0012] The release source term estimation module obtains critical related parameters in real time based on the real-time monitoring value of the γ dose rate meter in the carriage area and the portable γ monitor, gives the prompt dose distribution in the carriage, estimates the dose received by personnel near the accident point; estimates the number of nuclear critical fissions, estimates the released fission products based on the total number of fissions, including the amount released to the carriage and the environment, and calculates the radiation consequences caused by the release.

[0013] Based on the release source estimation results and meteorological data, the external exposure and inhalation internal exposure doses of the workers and emergency responders in the area near the transport accident are calculated. For critical accidents, the radiation dose includes the critical prompt dose and the fission product environmental accident dose. The fission product environmental accident dose calculation includes the calculation of the organ accumulated dose equivalent caused by inhalation, the ground exposure dose calculation, and the plume external exposure dose calculation.

[0014] The result display module intuitively displays the radiation area based on source estimation and radiation consequence calculation, checks the precise accident location, orientation and corresponding calculation results, manages the radiation consequence evaluation calculation results in a list format; reads the monitoring results of the regional gamma dose rate meter and displays them in real time on the interface; and checks the alarm information after an alarm occurs.

[0015] The emergency management system also includes a system maintenance module, which implements login control, authority management, menu management, log recording, user management and role management functions.

[0016] It also includes the following hardware facilities: portable radiation monitoring equipment such as protection-grade gamma monitors, environmental-grade gamma monitors, neutron dose rate meters, electronic dosimeters, respiratory protectors, first aid kits, fire extinguishers, satellite phones, and walkie-talkies.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The radiation protection and emergency response system for the transportation of radioactive materials provided by the present invention is a necessary condition for the effective implementation of emergency preparation and response for the transportation of radioactive materials. It is used for radiation monitoring, radiation protection, and emergency evaluation in the event of an accident, while taking into account the needs of daily operation management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention provides a radiation protection and emergency system for the transportation of radioactive materials;

[0020] Figure 2 It is the criticality accident emergency assessment process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a radiation protection and emergency system for the transportation of radioactive materials, including a radiation protection management system, a nuclear emergency assessment system, a nuclear emergency management system, and a nuclear emergency exercise system.

[0025] The radiation protection management system realizes the functions of personnel dose data management, radiation monitoring and protection equipment management; the radiation protection management system includes a personnel dose database, which can view personnel dose data, provide historical trend analysis and data statistics; the protection equipment management module manages radiation monitoring equipment, radiation protection equipment, fire-fighting equipment, communication equipment, emergency materials and material boxes and other equipment, and the equipment information includes equipment type, equipment name, equipment number, equipment location, factory date, purchase date, status display (including normal, faulty and other states), equipment maintenance records, etc.

[0026] The nuclear emergency assessment system includes an accident scenario setting module, a data preprocessing module, a release source term estimation module, a dose calculation module, and a result display module.

[0027] The accident scenario setting module realizes the input or presetting of parameters such as the type of cargo package required for the radiation hazard assessment of the affected area, the inventory of accident cargo package contents, the type of accident, the accident location and the transportation route.

[0028] The data preprocessing module realizes the functions of monitoring data acquisition and basic parameter configuration, and can quickly add data as needed. Data acquisition can be carried out in real time or interactively, and the data line display can be viewed, so that emergency personnel can understand the monitoring data and its changing trends. For abnormal situations such as partial data missing, emergency personnel can import data for local viewing, which plays an auxiliary role in emergency response.

[0029] The release source estimation module estimates the release source of the transport accident based on the accident scene, monitoring data and other input conditions, and calculates the change of the impact area over time. Figure 2 As shown. Based on the real-time monitoring values ​​of the γ dose rate meter in the carriage area and the real-time acquisition of critical related parameters by the portable γ monitor, the prompt dose distribution in the carriage is given, and the dose received by personnel near the accident point is estimated; the number of nuclear critical fissions is estimated, and the fission products released are estimated based on the total number of fissions, including the amount released to the carriage and the environment, and the radiation consequences caused by the release are calculated.

[0030] Based on the release source estimation results and meteorological data, the external exposure and inhalation internal exposure doses of workers and emergency responders in the vicinity of the transport accident are calculated. For critical accidents, the radiation dose includes the critical prompt dose and the fission product environmental accident dose. The fission product environmental accident dose calculation includes the calculation of the organ accumulated dose equivalent caused by inhalation, the ground exposure dose calculation, and the plume external exposure dose calculation.

[0031] The result display module intuitively displays the radiation area based on the results of source estimation and radiation consequence calculation, and can view the precise accident location, orientation and corresponding calculation results. The radiation consequence evaluation calculation results are managed in a list format, so that the evaluators can have a clearer understanding of the accident scenario during the emergency response. The monitoring results of the regional gamma dose rate meter are read and displayed in real time on the interface of this system software, so that users can grasp the gamma dose level in the cargo area in the living area of ​​the carriage. After an alarm occurs, when checking the alarm information, the current alarm point is marked in red, and a "Confirm" alarm button appears at the back. This function mainly displays the following information: sub-item display, system display, point name display, monitoring time display, monitoring value display, threshold display, safety limit display and operation.

[0032] The emergency management system realizes functions such as emergency duty, emergency resource management, file management, event management, response notification, emergency notice and report, emergency instruction, etc. Emergency commanders can perform duty management, emergency personnel management and emergency file management in daily state; it also includes a system maintenance module, which realizes login control, authority management, menu management, log recording, user management and role management functions.

[0033] The nuclear emergency exercise system constructs an exercise plan by editing relevant data, and can be preset in the exercise mode for exercise mode selection; manages all historical exercise records, and supports reactivation, evaluation, and viewing of evaluation reports.

[0034] The present invention sets up a monitoring room in the living area of ​​each special vehicle, deploys servers and workstations, and installs a radiation protection and emergency management system. A regional gamma dose rate meter is installed in the cargo area of ​​the carriage to monitor its gamma dose rate in real time. The data is transmitted to the radiation protection and emergency management system in real time and displayed on the monitoring touch screen of the monitoring room in the carriage living area. In the living area, portable radiation monitoring equipment such as protection-level gamma monitors, environmental-level gamma monitors, neutron dose rate meters, and other necessary equipment such as electronic dosimeters, respiratory protectors, first aid kits, fire extinguishers, satellite phones, and walkie-talkies required for emergency response are placed.

[0035] Specifically include portable protection-grade gamma monitor, portable environmental-grade gamma monitor, portable neutron dose rate meter, portable surface contamination meter, regional gamma dose rate meter, electronic dosimeter, respiratory protection, first aid kit, fire extinguisher, satellite phone, walkie-talkie;

[0036] After a transport accident occurs, the main contents of radiation monitoring are:

[0037] 1) Measurement of radiation levels and local contamination levels;

[0038] 2) Measurement of airborne radioactivity and surface contamination around the accident site.

[0039] The protection-grade X-ray and gamma radiation measuring instrument is mainly used for accurate and rapid measurement of X-ray and gamma radiation. The instrument is easy to carry and easy to operate. The instrument uses a GM counter tube and has an overload alarm function. Even if the staff encounters a large dose, the instrument can still alarm normally.

[0040] The environmental grade γ radiation measuring instrument is mainly used for accurate and rapid measurement of environmental radiation background and low-level X and γ radiation. The instrument uses NaI crystal as the detector, which has the characteristics of high sensitivity, easy to carry and easy to operate.

[0041] The portable neutron dose equivalent meter uses a He-3 gas detector for neutron dose rate detection. It is designed according to the functional handle and is easy to carry. The device can monitor the dose rate around the on-site personnel in real time, providing more optimized radiation protection for on-site personnel.

[0042] The portable surface contamination measuring instrument is mainly used for measuring α and β contamination of radioactive surfaces and measuring X and γ ray dose rates. The instrument has a built-in flat double scintillation detector, uses a high-speed, low-power microprocessor as a data processing unit, uses a large-screen, graphic dot-matrix LCD with backlight as the display interface, and uses membrane buttons for operation, which is simple and convenient to operate.

[0043] The regional gamma monitor is mainly used for continuous monitoring of regional gamma dose rate. It can connect multiple regional gamma monitoring probes to monitor the radiation in a specific area, give the dose rate data of each probe location and send out audible and visual alarm signals according to the preset alarm threshold.

[0044] Electronic dosimeters are used for personal dose monitoring and alarm, mainly for monitoring X-rays and gamma rays, and directly reading personal doses and personal dose rates; within the measurement range, the alarm threshold can be set continuously, and an audible and visual alarm will be issued when the threshold is exceeded or blocked. Respiratory protectors are used to protect emergency responders from the hazards of inhaling radioactive aerosols and gases. First aid kits can be used for medical support, simple surgery, disinfection and debridement, hemostasis and bandaging, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and diagnosis and treatment.

[0045] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0046] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A radiation protection and emergency system for the transportation of radioactive materials, characterized in that: It includes a radiation protection management system, a nuclear emergency assessment system, a nuclear emergency management system, and a nuclear emergency exercise system. The radiation protection management system realizes personnel dose data management, radiation monitoring, and protective equipment management functions; the nuclear emergency assessment system includes an accident scenario setting module, a data preprocessing module, a release source term estimation module, a dose calculation module, and a result display module; the emergency management system realizes emergency duty, emergency resource management, file management, event management, response notification, emergency notice and report, and emergency instructions; the nuclear emergency exercise system constructs an exercise plan by editing relevant data, and can be preset in the exercise mode for exercise mode selection; it manages all historical exercise records and supports reactivation, evaluation, and viewing of evaluation reports.

2. The radiation protection and emergency system for transporting radioactive materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation protection management system includes a personnel dose database, which can view personnel dose data, provide historical trend analysis and data statistics; a protection equipment management module, which manages radiation monitoring equipment, radiation protection equipment, fire-fighting equipment, communication equipment, emergency supplies and supply boxes.

3. The radiation protection and emergency system for transporting radioactive materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The accident scenario setting module realizes the input or presetting of the cargo package type, the inventory of accident cargo package contents, the accident type, the accident location and the transportation route required for the radiation hazard assessment of the affected area.

4. The radiation protection and emergency system for transporting radioactive materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data preprocessing module realizes the acquisition of monitoring data and the configuration of basic parameters. It can quickly add data as needed, acquire data in real time or interactively, and view the data line display, so that emergency personnel can understand the monitoring data and its changing trends; for abnormal situations where some data is missing, it can be imported for local viewing through data import.

5. The radiation protection and emergency system for transporting radioactive materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The release source term estimation module estimates the release source term of the transport accident based on the accident scene and monitoring data, and calculates the change of the impact area range over time.

6. The radiation protection and emergency system for transporting radioactive materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The release source term estimation module obtains critical related parameters in real time based on the real-time monitoring value of the γ dose rate meter in the carriage area and the portable γ monitor, gives the prompt dose distribution in the carriage, estimates the dose received by personnel near the accident point; estimates the number of nuclear critical fissions, estimates the released fission products based on the total number of fissions, including the amount released to the carriage and the environment, and calculates the radiation consequences caused by the release.

7. The radiation protection and emergency system for transporting radioactive materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: Based on the release source estimation results and meteorological data, the external exposure and inhalation internal exposure doses of the workers and emergency responders in the area near the transport accident are calculated. For critical accidents, the radiation dose includes the critical prompt dose and the fission product environmental accident dose. The fission product environmental accident dose calculation includes the calculation of the organ accumulated dose equivalent caused by inhalation, the ground exposure dose calculation, and the plume external exposure dose calculation.

8. The radiation protection and emergency system for transporting radioactive materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The result display module intuitively displays the radiation area based on source estimation and radiation consequence calculation, checks the precise accident location, orientation and corresponding calculation results, and manages the radiation consequence evaluation calculation results in a list format; Read the monitoring results of the regional gamma dose rate meter and display them in real time on the interface; after an alarm occurs, check the alarm information.

9. The radiation protection and emergency system for transporting radioactive materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency management system also includes a system maintenance module, which implements login control, authority management, menu management, log recording, user management and role management functions.

10. The radiation protection and emergency system for transporting radioactive materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes the following hardware facilities: portable radiation monitoring equipment such as protection-grade gamma monitors, environmental-grade gamma monitors, neutron dose rate meters, electronic dosimeters, respiratory protectors, first aid kits, fire extinguishers, satellite phones, and walkie-talkies.

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