Battery explosion-proof valve, battery and automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery explosion-proof valve, a battery and an automobile, and belongs to the technical field of new energy automobile power batteries. The battery explosion-proof valve comprises an explosion-proof main body, a valve seat and a pressure-resistant film, the explosion-proof body comprises a fixed part and a movable part, a movable hole is formed in the fixed part, and the movable part blocks the movable hole. The valve seat comprises an outer shell, and the fixing piece is connected into the outer shell in a sleeved mode. The pressure-resistant film is fixed between the fixing piece and the outer shell, a first through hole is formed in the side wall of the fixing piece, a second through hole is formed in the side wall of the outer shell, and the first through hole and the second through hole are isolated by the pressure-resistant film. And gas generated during thermal runaway of the battery can push the movable part to tend to be separated from the movable hole, and can break through the pressure-resistant film when the movable part cannot be separated from the movable hole, so that the first through hole is communicated with the second through hole. The battery explosion-proof valve exhausts air through the pressure-resistant film as well as the first through hole and the second through hole in the two sides of the pressure-resistant film when the movable part fails, so that the safety of the battery explosion-proof valve is effectively improved, and the safe use of the battery is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power batteries for new energy vehicles, and in particular to a battery explosion-proof valve, a battery and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Electric vehicles are vehicles that use an onboard power source as a driving force and use an electric motor to drive the wheels. As they have less impact on the environment than traditional vehicles, their prospects are widely optimistic, but the current technology is not yet mature. For example, for the safety of the vehicle, an explosion-proof valve is installed on the battery for safety protection.

[0003] In the related art, when the gas pressure inside the battery is too high, the explosion-proof valve opens the gas pressure channel through the action of the valve core to facilitate timely exhaust and avoid explosion accidents.

[0004] However, the explosion-proof valves used in the related art still have safety hazards. When the valve core of the explosion-proof valve is blocked or blocked by foreign objects, the valve core cannot move, and the air pressure channel cannot be opened for exhaust, which can easily cause an explosion accident. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery explosion-proof valve, a battery, and a car. The problem of low safety of the explosion-proof valve in the prior art can be solved. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, a battery explosion-proof valve is provided, comprising:

[0007] An explosion-proof body, the explosion-proof body comprising a fixed part and a movable part, a movable hole is provided in the fixed part, and the movable part blocks the movable hole;

[0008] A valve seat, the valve seat comprising an outer shell, the fixing member being sleeved in the outer shell; and

[0009] A pressure-resistant membrane is fixed between the fixing member and the outer shell, a first through hole is formed in a side wall of the fixing member, a second through hole is formed in a side wall of the outer shell, and the first through hole and the second through hole are separated by the pressure-resistant membrane;

[0010] The gas generated when the battery is in thermal runaway can push the movable part to separate from the movable hole, and can break through the pressure-resistant film when the movable part cannot separate from the movable hole to connect the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of the first through holes are provided on the side wall of the fixing member and are spaced apart in the axial direction and / or the circumferential direction; and the first through holes and the second through holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0012] Optionally, a second groove is formed on the inner side wall of the outer shell, and the second through hole is formed on the bottom of the second groove.

[0013] Optionally, along the axial direction of the outer shell, first sealing grooves are respectively provided on both sides of the second groove, and a first sealing ring abutting against the pressure-resistant membrane is provided in the first sealing groove.

[0014] Optionally, a first groove is formed on an outer side wall of the fixing member, and the first through hole is formed at the bottom of the first groove.

[0015] Optionally, a threaded segment and an assembly thread of a threaded connection are provided between the fixing member and the external shell, and the threaded segment includes a plurality of threaded units distributed at circumferential intervals; when the explosion-proof body is subjected to an axial impact causing thermal runaway of the battery, the threaded segment is used to release the connection with the assembly thread by breaking to perform exhaust.

[0016] Optionally, the threaded section is provided on the outer side wall of the fixing member, and the assembly thread is provided on the inner side wall of the external shell.

[0017] Optionally, the fixing member includes an internal shell and an exhaust seat provided at an end of the internal shell, and the movable hole is provided on the exhaust seat;

[0018] The movable member comprises a movable cover and a movable rod, one end of the movable rod is connected to the movable cover, and the other end of the movable rod passes through the movable hole and is disposed in the internal shell, and the movable cover is in sealing contact with the internal shell;

[0019] The explosion-proof body also includes a spring placed in the internal shell, and the spring is sleeved on the movable rod between the exhaust seat and the end of the movable rod.

[0020] Optionally, an air pressure balance channel is provided on the movable part and runs through the movable cover and the movable rod. A detachably connected protective cover is provided at one end of the movable rod away from the movable cover. A semipermeable membrane is provided between the protective cover and the end of the movable rod, and a first air vent connected to the air pressure balance channel is provided on the protective cover.

[0021] Optionally, a hollow mounting portion is provided on a surface of the exhaust seat away from the movable cover, and one end of the spring is placed in the mounting portion; the explosion-proof body also includes a cover shell, which is sleeved on the outside of the spring, and has a relative open end and a closed end, the open end is connected to the mounting portion, and a second air hole connected to the first air hole is provided on the closed end.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery, comprising the battery explosion-proof valve as described above.

[0023] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a car, comprising a battery as described above, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy to the car.

[0024] The disclosed embodiment provides a battery explosion-proof valve, wherein a pressure-resistant membrane is provided between an external shell and a fixed part, a first through hole is provided on the side wall of the fixed part, and a second through hole is provided on the side wall of the external shell, and the first through hole and the second through hole are separated by the pressure-resistant membrane. When the battery is in thermal runaway, the gas generated in the battery will push the movable part to move to the side away from the movable hole for exhaust. If the movable part cannot be separated from the movable hole, the gas in the battery will break through the pressure-resistant membrane to connect the first through hole and the second through hole, so that the gas in the battery can be discharged to the outside through the connected first through hole and the second through hole. The designed battery explosion-proof valve can exhaust gas through the pressure-resistant membrane and the first through hole and the second through hole on both sides of the pressure-resistant membrane when the movable part fails. It is an explosion-proof valve with dual explosion-proof function, which effectively improves the safety of the battery explosion-proof valve, ensures the safe use of the battery, and avoids explosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery explosion-proof valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an explosion-proof main body structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion-proof main body from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an explosion-proof main body provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a movable part structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a movable part and a protective cover provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a valve seat structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 8is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a valve seat provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0035] Fig.10 yes Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle.

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] 10-explosion-proof body; 11-fixing parts;

[0038] 111-inner housing; 1111-first through hole; 1112-first groove; 1113-threaded section;

[0039] 112-exhaust seat; 1121-movable hole; 1122-installation part;

[0040] 12-moving part; 12a-air pressure balance channel;

[0041] 121- movable cover; 1211- first cover body; 1212- second cover body; 1213- movable cover sealing groove;

[0042] 122-movable rod; 1221-installation thread; 1222-semipermeable membrane installation groove;

[0043] 123-seal ring of movable cover;

[0044] 13-spring; 14-protective cover; 141-first vent hole; 15-semipermeable membrane; 16-cover; 161-second vent hole;

[0045] 20-valve seat; 21-external housing; 211-second through hole; 212-second groove; 213-first sealing groove; 214-first sealing ring; 215-assembly thread;

[0046] 22-assembly plate; 221-assembly hole; 222-second sealing groove; 223-second sealing ring;

[0047] 30-Pressure resistant membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0049] The directional nouns involved in the disclosed embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "side", etc., are generally based on the directions shown in the figures, and these directional nouns are used only to more clearly describe the relationship between structures, and are not intended to describe absolute directions.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure have the same meanings as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0051] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] With the increase in the market share of new energy vehicles, the safety of power batteries has received more and more attention from the public. Battery explosion-proof valves are widely used in the field of new energy vehicles as a component to prevent thermal runaway of batteries. Existing explosion-proof valves for power batteries of new energy vehicles can quickly discharge gas and heat when the battery is in thermal runaway to prevent fire and explosion caused by excessive pressure in the battery. When the battery is working normally, it balances the internal and external air pressures while preventing liquid from entering the battery and causing a short circuit. However, the rapid exhaust of the existing explosion-proof valves is only a physical ejection method. When an object blocks the explosion-proof valve from ejecting in an unexpected situation, thermal runaway will occur. At the same time, when the explosion-proof valve is physically impacted, it will not be able to discharge high-pressure gas. Therefore, there is a need for an explosion-proof valve that can still discharge high-pressure gas in the battery after being blocked or severely impacted. In order to ensure the safety of the battery explosion-proof valve when it is blocked or severely impacted, the present application improves the structure of the battery explosion-proof valve. The specific technical solution of the battery explosion-proof valve is introduced as follows:

[0053] In a first aspect, a battery explosion-proof valve is provided. Figure 1-Figure 10 The battery explosion-proof valve includes: an explosion-proof body 10 , a valve seat 20 and a pressure-resistant membrane 30 .

[0054] The explosion-proof body 10 includes a fixed part 11 and a movable part 12 . A movable hole 1121 is provided in the fixed part 11 , and the movable part 12 blocks the movable hole 1121 .

[0055] The valve seat 20 includes an outer shell 21 , and the fixing member 11 is sleeved in the outer shell 21 .

[0056] The pressure-resistant film 30 is fixed between the fixing member 11 and the outer shell 21 . The side wall of the fixing member 11 defines a first through hole 1111 , and the side wall of the outer shell 21 defines a second through hole 211 . The first through hole 1111 and the second through hole 211 are separated by the pressure-resistant film 30 .

[0057] The gas generated when the battery is in thermal runaway can push the movable part 12 to separate from the movable hole 1121 , and can break through the pressure-resistant film 30 to connect the first through hole 1111 and the second through hole 211 when the movable part 12 cannot separate from the movable hole 1121 .

[0058] In the disclosed embodiment, the battery explosion-proof valve is provided with a pressure-resistant film 30 between the outer shell 21 and the fixing member 11, the side wall of the fixing member 11 is provided with a first through hole 1111, the side wall of the outer shell 21 is provided with a second through hole 211, and the first through hole 1111 and the second through hole 211 are isolated by the pressure-resistant film 30. When the battery is in thermal runaway, the gas generated in the battery will push the movable member 12 to move to the side away from the movable hole 1121 for exhaust. If the movable member 12 cannot be separated from the movable hole 1121, the gas in the battery will break through the pressure-resistant film 30 to connect the first through hole 1111 and the second through hole 211, so that the gas in the battery can be discharged to the outside through the first through hole 1111 and the second through hole 211. The designed battery explosion-proof valve can exhaust through the pressure-resistant membrane 30 and the first through hole 1111 and the second through hole 211 on both sides of the pressure-resistant membrane 30 when the movable part 12 fails. It is an explosion-proof valve with dual explosion-proof functions, which effectively improves the safety of the battery explosion-proof valve, ensures the safe use of the battery, and avoids explosions.

[0059] It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, the movable part 12 has not failed, that is, the movable part 12 can move relative to the movable hole 1121, and the air pressure value at which the movable part 12 tends to separate from the movable hole 1121 is lower than the air pressure value at which the pressure-resistant membrane 30 is broken. In this way, it can be ensured that under normal circumstances, the movable part 12 is used first for exhaust, and the pressure-resistant membrane 30 serves as a safety measure, and when the movable part 12 fails, the explosion-proof function is performed.

[0060] Optional, see Figure 3 and Figure 7-Figure 8 The side wall of the fixing member 11 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 1111 distributed in an axial direction and / or a circumferential direction. The first through holes 1111 and the second through holes 211 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the explosion-proof body 10 from the bottom perspective provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the valve seat 20 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the valve seat 20 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] It can be understood that the one-to-one arrangement of the first through hole 1111 and the second through hole 211 means that the number of the first through hole 1111 and the number of the second through hole 211 are the same, and the positions correspond. Since the adjacent first through holes 1111 and the second through holes 211 are in a connected state when the pressure-resistant membrane 30 is ruptured, the cross-sectional areas of the first through holes 1111 and the second through holes 211 need to at least partially overlap along the radial direction of the battery explosion-proof valve (that is, the radial direction of the outer shell 21 and the radial direction of the explosion-proof body 10). Based on this, the axes of the first through holes 1111 and the second through holes 211 can be coaxially distributed or staggered, and the aperture of the first through hole 1111 can be greater than, equal to or less than the aperture of the second through hole 211. In fact, as long as the first through hole 1111 and the second through hole 211 at least partially overlap along the axial direction of the hole to facilitate the connection for gas to pass through, the present application does not limit this and can be flexibly selected according to actual conditions.

[0062] For example, in some embodiments, a plurality of first through holes 1111 circumferentially evenly spaced are provided on the side wall of the fixing member 11 , and a plurality of corresponding second through holes 211 circumferentially evenly spaced are provided on the side wall of the external shell 21 .

[0063] For another example, in some embodiments, a plurality of second through holes 211 equidistantly distributed in the axial direction are formed on the side wall of the fixing member 11 , and a plurality of corresponding second through holes 211 equidistantly distributed in the axial direction are formed on the side wall of the external shell 21 .

[0064] For example, in some embodiments, a plurality of first through holes 1111 circumferentially evenly spaced are opened on the side wall of the fixing member 11, the plurality of first through holes 1111 circumferentially evenly spaced are formed into a first hole ring, a plurality of first hole rings axially evenly spaced are opened on the side wall of the fixing member 11, a plurality of second through holes 211 circumferentially evenly spaced are opened on the side wall of the external shell 21, the plurality of second through holes 211 circumferentially evenly spaced are formed into a second hole ring, and a plurality of second hole rings axially evenly spaced are opened on the side wall of the external shell 21.

[0065] Optionally, the first through holes 1111 and the second through holes 211 adjacent to each other on both sides of the pressure-resistant film 30 are coaxially distributed, and the aperture of the first through hole 1111 is smaller than the aperture of the second through hole 211 .

[0066] When the battery thermal runaway pressure-resistant film 30 ruptures, the first through hole 1111 is used for the gas in the battery to pass through and impact the pressure-resistant film 30 to rupture the pressure-resistant film 30. When the aperture of the first through hole 1111 is relatively small, it is convenient to accelerate or concentrate the airflow, so that the gas can break through the pressure-resistant film 30. After the pressure-resistant film 30 ruptures, the first through hole 1111 is connected to the second through hole 211, and the second through hole 211 is used for exhaust. When the aperture of the second through hole 211 is relatively large, it is convenient to provide a larger exhaust channel, so that the high-pressure gas in the battery can be quickly discharged.

[0067] Optional, see Figure 8 A second groove 212 is formed on the inner wall of the outer shell 21 , and a second through hole 211 is formed on the bottom of the second groove 212 . Fig. 9 The embodiments of the present disclosure provide Figure 8 The cross-sectional structural diagram of the middle valve seat 20 is an enlarged structural diagram of point A, so as to clearly show the second groove 212 and the first sealing groove 213.

[0068] When the pressure-resistant film 30 is impacted by the gas in the first through hole 1111, it will radially approach the inner wall of the outer shell 21. If there is no deformation space provided for the pressure-resistant film 30 here, the inner wall of the outer shell 21 will provide a support force to the pressure-resistant film 30, which will hinder the rupture of the pressure-resistant film 30, thereby affecting the exhaust efficiency when the battery is in thermal runaway. By providing a second groove 212 on the inner wall of the outer shell 21 and a second through hole 211 on the bottom of the second groove 212, the pressure-resistant film 30 has enough deformation space when impacted by the gas to the outside, so that the pressure-resistant film 30 can be quickly ruptured to connect the first through hole 1111 and the second through hole 211 for exhaust operation.

[0069] Optional, see Figure 7 and Fig. 9 Along the axial direction of the outer shell 21 , first sealing grooves 213 are respectively formed on both sides of the second groove 212 , and a first sealing ring 214 abutting against the pressure-resistant membrane 30 is disposed in the first sealing groove 213 .

[0070] The pressure-resistant membrane 30 disposed between the outer shell 21 and the fixing member 11 not only performs the exhaust function by rupturing when the battery is in thermal runaway, but also acts as a sealing membrane to seal the space inside the battery explosion-proof valve when the battery is in normal use.

[0071] The second groove 212 is provided with a first sealing groove 213 on both sides of the axial direction of the outer shell 21, and a first sealing ring 214 is provided in the first sealing groove 213 to abut against the pressure-resistant membrane 30, thereby ensuring the connection sealing between the pressure-resistant membrane 30 and the outer shell 21 and the fixing member 11. In addition, the provision of the first sealing ring 214 can also ensure the installation position of the pressure-resistant membrane 30 between the outer shell 21 and the fixing member 11, and prevent the pressure-resistant membrane 30 from moving between the outer shell 21 and the fixing member 11. The first sealing groove 213 and the corresponding first sealing ring 214 are provided on one side of the inner wall of the fixing member 11, so as to facilitate the assembly of the battery explosion-proof valve.

[0072] Optional, see Figure 3 A first groove 1112 is formed on the outer wall of the fixing member 11 , and a first through hole 1111 is formed at the bottom of the first groove 1112 .

[0073] When using the battery explosion-proof valve designed by the present invention, if the first groove 1112 is not provided, and the first through hole 1111 is directly provided on the side wall of the fixing member 11, when the battery thermally runs away, the high-pressure gas generated in the battery will pass through the first through hole 1111 and impact the local pressure-resistant membrane 30 corresponding to the position of the first through hole 1111. When the high-pressure gas impacts the pressure-resistant membrane 30 at the local position, a greater impact force will be provided to the pressure-resistant membrane 30, making the pressure-resistant membrane 30 relatively easier to rupture, and may rupture prematurely before reaching the set air pressure value, thereby affecting the normal use of the pressure-resistant membrane 30.

[0074] Based on this, a first groove 1112 is opened on the outer wall of the fixing part 11, and a first through hole 1111 is opened at the bottom of the first groove 1112, so that the high-pressure gas generated in the battery will first pass through the first through hole 1111 to reach and fill the space in the first groove 1112, and then the high-pressure gas will impact the entire circumferential pressure-resistant membrane 30. At this time, the contact area between the high-pressure gas and the pressure-resistant membrane 30 becomes larger, which makes it easier for the high-pressure gas to break through the pressure-resistant membrane 30 when it reaches the set air pressure value, making the rupture of the pressure-resistant membrane 30 more controllable, thereby ensuring the normal use of the pressure-resistant membrane 30.

[0075] It can be understood that the set air pressure value refers to the maximum air pressure value within the safe range when the battery is in use. The structure of the first groove 1112 and the thickness of the pressure-resistant film 30 can be flexibly selected according to the set air pressure value. For example, when the air pressure value is larger, the thickness of the pressure-resistant film 30 can be relatively larger.

[0076] Optional, see Figure 2-Figure 4 as well as Figure 7-Figure 8 A threaded segment 1113 and an assembly thread 215 are provided between the fixing member 11 and the outer shell 21. The threaded segment 1113 includes a plurality of threaded units spaced apart circumferentially. When the explosion-proof body 10 is subjected to an axial impact and causes thermal runaway of the battery, the threaded segment 1113 is used to break and release the connection with the assembly thread 215 for exhaust.

[0077] The fixing member 11 is specifically a cylindrical structure. Figure 2 Taking the three-dimensional structural diagram of the explosion-proof body 10 as an example, the top of the fixing member 11 is a closed end, and the bottom is an open end. The open end of the fixing member 11 is connected to the internal space of the battery, so that the gas inside the battery can enter the first through hole 1111. The fixing member 11 axially includes a connected conical cylinder and an annular body, and the conical cylinder is located on the upper side of the annular body. From top to bottom, the radial size of the conical cylinder increases continuously.

[0078] The shape of the outer shell 21 is Figure 7 and Figure 8 For example, the shape of the outer shell 21 is adapted to the shape of the fixing member 11 , and the outer shell 21 includes a conical body and an annular body connected axially.

[0079] A first through hole 1111 (and a first groove 1112) is formed on the conical cylinder side wall of the fixing member 11, a second through hole 211 (and a second groove 212) is formed on the conical body side wall of the external shell 21, and a threaded thread section 1113 and an assembly thread 215 are provided between the annular body of the fixing member 11 and the annular body of the external shell 21.

[0080] by Figure 1 Taking the schematic diagram of the battery explosion-proof valve assembly structure as an example, when the explosion-proof body 10 is subjected to a downward axial impact, resulting in thermal runaway of the battery, the threaded segment 1113 is used to break and release the connection with the assembly thread 215 for exhaust. At this time, the threaded segment 1113 breaks and releases the connection with the assembly thread 215, that is, the connection between the explosion-proof body 10 and the outer shell 21 on the valve seat 20 is released, and the explosion-proof body 10 moves axially downward relative to the outer shell 21, and a radial spacing space is generated between the outer shell 21 and the fixing part 11 of the explosion-proof body 10, and the high-pressure gas in the battery can pass through the threaded segment 1113, the assembly thread 215 and the spacing space in sequence to reach the outside, thereby achieving the exhaust effect.

[0081] When a foreign object hits the movable part 12 of the explosion-proof body 10, so that the moving path of the movable part 12 is blocked or the internal structure is deformed and cannot be exhausted, the threaded section 1113 and the assembly thread 215 can cooperate to exhaust in time to avoid an explosion accident. Alternatively, when a foreign object hits the movable part 12 of the explosion-proof body 10, so that the moving path of the movable part 12 is blocked or the internal structure is deformed and cannot be exhausted, and the pressure-resistant membrane 30 also fails at this time, the threaded section 1113 and the assembly thread 215 can cooperate to exhaust in time to avoid an explosion accident.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the threaded section 1113 cooperates with the assembly thread 215 to provide an additional protection means for the battery explosion-proof valve, thereby better avoiding explosion accidents and effectively improving the safety of the battery explosion-proof valve.

[0083] In other embodiments, in addition to the shapes shown in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the fixing member 11 and the outer shell 21 may also be structures with consistent radial dimensions, for example, the fixing member 11 and the outer shell 21 are both in the shape of a tube, a prism, etc.

[0084] Optional, see Figure 2 The outer wall of the fixing member 11 is provided with a threaded section 1113, see Figure 7-Figure 8 The inner wall of the outer shell 21 is provided with an assembly thread 215 .

[0085] Specifically, the outer wall of the annular body in the fixing member 11 is provided with a threaded section 1113 , and the outer wall of the annular body in the external shell 21 is provided with a full circle of assembly threads 215 .

[0086] Since the thread segment 1113 includes a plurality of thread units spaced apart circumferentially, and the thread units extend along the circumference of the fixing member 11, the thread segment 1113 is not a full-circle thread structure. Therefore, when the explosion-proof body 10 is impacted, the thread segment 1113 on the fixing member 11 in the explosion-proof body 10 is a relatively weak position in structural strength and is prone to breakage, thereby releasing the connection between the fixing member 11 and the external shell 21 to facilitate timely exhaust. In addition, the thread segment 1113 is placed on the outer wall, which can facilitate the breakage of the thread segment 1113 to ensure the safety of the battery explosion-proof valve.

[0087] Optional, see Figure 3 The fixing member 11 includes an inner shell 111 and an exhaust seat 112 disposed at the end of the inner shell 111 , and a movable hole 1121 is formed on the exhaust seat 112 .

[0088] See also Figure 4 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the explosion-proof body 10 shown in the figure shows that the movable part 12 includes a movable cover 121 and a movable rod 122. One end of the movable rod 122 is connected to the movable cover 121, and the other end passes through the movable hole 1121 and is placed in the internal shell 111. The movable cover 121 is in sealing contact with the internal shell 111.

[0089] The explosion-proof body 10 further includes a spring 13 disposed in the inner shell 111 , and the spring 13 is sleeved on the movable rod 122 between the exhaust seat 112 and the end of the movable rod 122 .

[0090] When the battery thermal runaway occurs, Figure 4 For example, the high-pressure gas generated in the battery will impact the movable rod 122 upward, and the movable rod 122 will move upward to expose the movable hole 1121 for exhaust. At the same time, the spring 13 will be compressed. When the difference between the internal air pressure of the battery and the external air pressure drops to a certain level, the pressure inside the battery decreases, and the elastic potential energy generated by the compression of the spring 13 drives the movable part 12 to move downward as a whole until the movable cover 121 blocks the movable hole 1121 again.

[0091] Through the cooperation of the spring 13, the explosion-proof valve body can realize dynamic self-service exhaust without human interference or auxiliary operation, thereby improving the convenience of the battery explosion-proof valve. Among them, in order to ensure the blocking effect of the movable cover 121 on the movable hole 1121, the spring 13 is in a compressed state in the initial state to give the movable cover 121 a downward force to ensure the blocking effect on the movable hole 1121. It can be understood that since the movable rod 122 can move axially relative to the movable hole 1121 to tend to disengage from or approach the movable hole 1121, the radial dimension of the movable rod 122 is smaller than the radial dimension of the movable hole 1121, and the radial gap between the movable hole 1121 and the movable rod 122 can serve as an exhaust channel. In addition, a plurality of circumferentially distributed exhaust holes can be opened on the exhaust seat 112 for exhaust.

[0092] Optional, see Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown in the schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the movable part 12 and the protective cover 14, the movable part 12 is provided with an air pressure balance channel 12a that passes through the movable cover 121 and the movable rod 122, and the end of the movable rod 122 away from the movable cover 121 is provided with a detachably connected protective cover 14, a semipermeable membrane 15 is provided between the ends of the protective cover 14 and the movable rod 122, and the protective cover 14 is provided with a first vent hole 141 that is connected to the air pressure balance channel 12a.

[0093] When the battery with the battery explosion-proof valve is working normally, the external gas can enter the battery through the air pressure balance channel 12a, the semipermeable membrane 15 and the first vent hole 141 to ensure the air pressure balance between the battery and the outside. The semipermeable membrane 15 set at the end of the air pressure balance channel 12a can ensure the waterproofness of the battery and prevent external liquid from entering the battery. The use of the protective cover 14, on the one hand, is convenient for fixing the semipermeable membrane 15, and on the other hand, it can limit the position of the end of the spring 13 to ensure the installation effect of the spring 13.

[0094] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 For example, the air pressure balance channel 12a penetrates along the radial direction of the movable cover 121 and penetrates along the axial direction of the movable rod 122. In other embodiments, the air pressure balance channel 12a may also penetrate along the axial direction of the movable cover 121 and the axial direction of the movable rod 122.

[0095] Optional, see Figure 3-Figure 4 A hollow mounting portion 1122 is provided on one side of the exhaust seat 112 away from the movable cover 121, and one end of the spring 13 is placed in the mounting portion 1122. The explosion-proof body 10 also includes a cover 16, which is sleeved on the outside of the spring 13, and has an open end and a closed end opposite to each other, the open end is connected to the mounting portion 1122, and a second vent hole 161 communicating with the first vent hole 141 is provided on the closed end.

[0096] The cover 16 can protect the spring 13 therein, preventing the spring 13 from being stuck by debris or foreign matter and being unable to move axially during installation or use, thereby effectively ensuring the exhaust function of the explosion-proof body 10. The installation portion 1122 is provided to facilitate the assembly of both the spring 13 and the cover 16.

[0097] The closed end of the cover shell 16 may be in contact with or spaced apart from the end of the protective cover 14 , as long as the second vent hole 161 and the first vent hole 141 are in communication.

[0098] Specifically, the mounting portion 1122 is a convex ring, and an outer wall of the convex ring is provided with an outer thread, and an inner wall of the open end of the cover 16 is provided with an inner thread, and the cover 16 and the mounting portion 1122 are threadedly connected. The outer wall of the end of the movable rod 122 close to the protective cover 14 is provided with a mounting thread 1221, and the inner wall of the protective cover 14 is provided with a butt thread, and the protective cover 14 and the movable cover 121 are threadedly connected. A semipermeable membrane mounting groove 1222 is provided on the end surface of the movable rod 122 close to the protective cover 14, and the semipermeable membrane 15 is placed in the semipermeable membrane mounting groove 1222. In order to ensure the installation sealing of the semipermeable membrane 15, the radial dimension of the semipermeable membrane 15 is larger than the radial dimension of the movable rod 122, so that the peripheral edge of the semipermeable membrane 15 is placed between the outer wall of the protective cover 14 and the movable rod 122.

[0099] Optionally, in order to further ensure the waterproofness of the battery explosion-proof valve, the movable cover 121 is axially divided into a first cover body 1211 and a second cover body 1212 connected to each other, the second cover body 1212 is connected to the movable rod 122, the air pressure balance channel 12a is connected to the outside through the hole opened on the end surface of the first cover body 1211, and a layer of semipermeable membrane is arranged between the first cover body 1211 and the second cover body 1212, that is, both ends of the air pressure balance channel 12a on the movable rod 122 are provided with semipermeable membranes, so that the double-layer semipermeable membrane design can effectively prevent external liquid from entering the air pressure balance channel 12a, and can also prevent external liquid from entering the battery explosion-proof valve, effectively improving the waterproofness of the battery explosion-proof valve. Among them, the first cover body 1211 and the second cover body 1212 can be connected in a detachable manner or in a non-detachable manner, which is not limited by this application.

[0100] Optional, see Figure 5 As shown in the structural schematic diagram of the movable part 12, in order to ensure the sealing between the movable cover 121 and the internal shell 111, a movable cover sealing groove 1213 is opened on the outer peripheral side edge of the movable cover 121, and a movable cover sealing ring 123 is arranged in the movable cover sealing groove 1213. Under the action of the spring 13, the movable cover sealing ring 123 can be tightly matched or abutted against the edge of the end of the internal shell 111.

[0101] Optional, see Figure 7The valve seat 20 further includes an assembly plate 22 disposed outside the outer shell 21. The assembly plate 22 is provided with an assembly hole 221. The assembly hole 221 is used to install the battery explosion-proof valve on the battery. Fig.10 Shown Figure 8 In the enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle, a second sealing groove 222 is provided on one end surface of the assembly plate 22 facing the battery, and a second sealing ring 223 is provided in the second sealing groove 222. The second sealing ring 223 ensures the sealing of the battery explosion-proof valve and the battery when connected.

[0102] As mentioned above, the working principle of the battery explosion-proof valve is introduced as follows:

[0103] When the battery is operating normally, gas enters through the air pressure balance channel 12a, passes through the semipermeable membrane 15, and then enters the battery through the first vent hole 141 and the second vent hole 161, thereby ensuring the air pressure balance inside and outside the battery. Liquid entering the air pressure balance channel 12a will be blocked by the semipermeable membrane 15 to prevent the liquid from entering the battery.

[0104] When an accident such as a short circuit occurs in the battery, the internal air pressure increases instantly, and the internal gas pressure pushes the protective cover 14 to compress the spring 13, and the movable part 12 connected to the protective cover 14 moves outward, and the movable cover sealing ring 123 separates from the internal shell 111, and the high-pressure gas in the battery is discharged. When the difference between the internal air pressure and the external air pressure of the battery drops to a certain level, the internal gas pressure decreases, and the spring 13 stretches to drive the movable part 12 back to its original position.

[0105] When the battery has thermal runaway and the outside of the explosion-proof body 10 is blocked by objects, the movable part 12 cannot move outward and the gas in the battery cannot be discharged. When the pressure in the battery increases to a certain value, the pressure difference between the battery and the outside exceeds the pressure resistance range of the pressure-resistant membrane 30, and the pressure-resistant membrane 30 ruptures. The gas inside the battery passes through the first through hole 1111 on the internal shell 111, then passes through the pressure-resistant membrane 30, and then passes through the second through hole 211 on the external shell 21 to be discharged from the battery. The internal pressure and heat of the battery are reduced to prevent fire or explosion.

[0106] When the battery explosion-proof valve is subjected to severe impact, the explosion-proof body 10 may fail. At this time, the explosion-proof body 10 transfers force to the threaded segment 1113. After the threaded segment 1113 is subjected to force, it will break as designed, thereby releasing the threaded connection between the internal shell 111 of the explosion-proof body 10 and the external shell 21. The internal shell 111 is axially separated from the external shell 21, providing sufficient channels to ensure the discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by thermal runaway of the battery.

[0107] The battery explosion-proof valve in the disclosed embodiment can use the movable part 12 to discharge the high-pressure gas in the battery under general thermal runaway conditions, and maintain the balance of internal and external air pressure when the battery is working normally to prevent liquid from entering the battery. In the case where the movable part 12 in the explosion-proof body 10 is accidentally blocked, and when the internal pressure of the battery reaches a certain value, the high-pressure gas inside the battery is discharged through the rupture of the pressure-resistant membrane 30. When the explosion-proof body 10 is subjected to a severe impact, a fracture occurs at a pre-designed weak position, namely the threaded section 1113, thereby preventing the battery explosion-proof valve from deforming and getting stuck when subjected to a severe impact, resulting in the inability to discharge internal gas. The designed battery explosion-proof valve is an explosion-proof valve with triple explosion-proof functions, which effectively improves the safety of the explosion-proof valve and avoids battery fires and explosions.

[0108] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery, comprising the battery explosion-proof valve as described above.

[0109] See also Figure 7 The battery explosion-proof valve is fixed to the connection hole opened on the battery through the assembly hole 221 opened on the assembly plate 22 in combination with bolts, and the second sealing ring 223 is in close contact with the battery to play a sealing role. The battery is provided with an explosion-proof hole corresponding to the external shell 21, and the external shell 21 on the side where the second sealing ring 223 is opened is assembled in the explosion-proof hole.

[0110] The battery in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the battery explosion-proof valve as described above, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of fire and explosion, and effectively improve the safety of the battery.

[0111] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a car, comprising a battery as described above, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy to the car.

[0112] Since the car in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a battery with improved safety as described above, the safety of the car in the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be effectively improved.

[0113] In the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the present disclosure disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The description and examples are intended to be exemplary only.

[0115] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery explosion-proof valve, characterized in that: include: An explosion-proof body (10), the explosion-proof body (10) comprising a fixed part (11) and a movable part (12), a movable hole (1121) being provided in the fixed part (11), and the movable part (12) blocking the movable hole (1121); A valve seat (20), the valve seat (20) comprising an outer shell (21), the fixing member (11) being sleeved in the outer shell (21); and A pressure-resistant membrane (30) is fixed between the fixing member (11) and the external shell (21); a first through hole (1111) is formed on a side wall of the fixing member (11); a second through hole (211) is formed on a side wall of the external shell (21); the first through hole (1111) and the second through hole (211) are separated by the pressure-resistant membrane (30); The gas generated when the battery is in thermal runaway can push the movable part (12) to separate from the movable hole (1121), and when the movable part (12) cannot separate from the movable hole (1121), it can break through the pressure-resistant membrane (30) to connect the first through hole (1111) and the second through hole (211).

2. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the fixing member (11) is provided with a plurality of first through holes (1111) distributed at intervals in the axial direction and / or in the circumferential direction; the first through holes (1111) and the second through holes (211) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

3. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second groove (212) is provided on the inner side wall of the outer shell (21), and the second through hole (211) is provided on the groove bottom of the second groove (212).

4. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: Along the axial direction of the outer shell (21), first sealing grooves (213) are respectively provided on both sides of the second groove (212), and a first sealing ring (214) abutting against the pressure-resistant membrane (30) is provided in the first sealing groove (213).

5. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first groove (1112) is provided on the outer side wall of the fixing member (11), and the first through hole (1111) is provided at the bottom of the first groove (1112).

6. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded segment (1113) and an assembly thread (215) are provided between the fixing member (11) and the outer shell (21), wherein the thread segment (1113) comprises a plurality of thread units spaced apart in the circumferential direction; when the explosion-proof body (10) is subjected to an axial impact, resulting in thermal runaway of the battery, the thread segment (1113) is used to release the connection with the assembly thread (215) by breaking to perform exhaust.

7. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The threaded section (1113) is provided on the outer side wall of the fixing member (11), and the assembly thread (215) is provided on the inner side wall of the external shell (21).

8. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing member (11) comprises an internal shell (111) and an exhaust seat (112) arranged at the end of the internal shell (111), and the movable hole (1121) is opened on the exhaust seat (112); The movable member (12) comprises a movable cover (121) and a movable rod (122); one end of the movable rod (122) is connected to the movable cover (121), and the other end of the movable rod (122) passes through the movable hole (1121) and is placed in the internal shell (111); the movable cover (121) and the internal shell (111) are in sealing contact; The explosion-proof body (10) further comprises a spring (13) disposed in the internal shell (111), wherein the spring (13) is sleeved on the movable rod (122) between the exhaust seat (112) and the end of the movable rod (122).

9. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: The movable member (12) is provided with an air pressure balance channel (12a) penetrating the movable cover (121) and the movable rod (122); a detachably connected protective cover (14) is provided at one end of the movable rod (122) away from the movable cover (121); a semipermeable membrane (15) is provided between the protective cover (14) and the end of the movable rod (122); and a first vent hole (141) communicating with the air pressure balance channel (12a) is provided on the protective cover (14).

10. The battery explosion-proof valve according to claim 9, characterized in that: A hollow mounting portion (1122) is provided on a surface of the exhaust seat (112) away from the movable cover (121), and one end of the spring (13) is placed in the mounting portion (1122); the explosion-proof body (10) also includes a cover shell (16), the cover shell (16) is sleeved on the outside of the spring (13), the cover shell (16) has an open end and a closed end opposite to each other, the open end is connected to the mounting portion (1122), and the closed end is provided with a second vent hole (161) connected to the first vent hole (141).

11. A battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery explosion-proof valve as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A car, characterized in that: Comprising the battery as claimed in claim 11, the battery is used to provide electrical energy to the vehicle.

Images