Block chain creation method and related device

Abstract

The invention provides a block chain creation method and a related device, and the method comprises the steps: transmitting a first message to at least one first node, the first message being used for configuring the first node as a block chain node; and receiving a first indication message from at least one first node, wherein the first indication message is used for indicating whether the first node is successfully configured. Wherein the type of the first node comprises at least one of the following types: terminal equipment, access network equipment, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node and an edge network node. Based on the scheme in the embodiment of the invention, a communication network can be combined with a block chain technology, and the block chain is convenient to create and manage.

Description

Blockchain creation method and related device

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a blockchain creation method and related devices.

[0002] Blockchain is a distributed ledger that integrates cryptography, peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, distributed databases and other technologies. As an open and transparent decentralized technology, blockchain transforms the traditional authority center and centralized trust into group consensus and decentralized trust, and builds a tamper-proof distributed ledger that is protected by cryptography. However, the current evolution of blockchain is independent of the evolution of the network, that is, the current blockchain is an independent distributed storage that bypasses the communication network and cannot be combined with the communication network, and the communication network cannot directly create and manage the blockchain.

[0003]

[0004] The present application provides a method for creating a blockchain and related devices, which can combine the blockchain and the communication network, and then enable the communication network to directly manage the blockchain.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for creating a blockchain, the method comprising:

[0006] Sending a first message to at least one first node, the first message being used to configure the first node as a blockchain node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, and an edge network node; the terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node, the application function node, and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network;

[0007] A first indication message is received from the at least one first node, where the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is configured successfully.

[0008] In the present application, LAF may send a first message to the first node to configure the first node as a blockchain node, wherein LAF may be a new NF in CN, or LAF may be deployed in RAN. The type of the first node may be one or more of a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, an edge network node, etc. Therefore, by implementing the solution in the present application, it is possible to combine blockchain and communication network, and then realize the direct management of blockchain by communication network.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0010] Receiving blockchain establishment requirement information from the second node;

[0011] The sending a first message to at least one first node includes:

[0012] Send a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information.

[0013] In this implementation, other nodes (such as the second node) that have blockchain establishment requirements can send blockchain establishment requirement information to LAF to create or manage the blockchain through LAF.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes one or more of the following requirements:

[0015] Blockchain structure, block structure, consensus mechanism, demand for throughput, whether the blockchain supports editable functions, access control policy of the blockchain, the number of the first nodes, policy information, identification information of the first node, capabilities of the first node, type of the first node, modes supported by the first node, configuration information corresponding to the first node, and whether the first node can provide a trusted execution environment for blockchain operation.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes the policy information;

[0017] The sending a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information includes:

[0018] Acquire, according to the policy information, identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node;

[0019] A first message is sent to the at least one first node based on identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node.

[0020] In this implementation, the demand side (such as the second node) of blockchain creation does not need to obtain the details of the underlying blockchain infrastructure, but directly publishes the strategy of building the chain node to LAF, and LAF will automatically identify the underlying nodes that meet the strategy and build the blockchain. For the second node, it is more concise and easy to use. In addition, since the underlying details are shielded from the second node, the privacy and security of the network are improved.

[0021] In a possible implementation, acquiring, according to the policy information, identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node includes:

[0022] Sending a first query request to a fourth node, where the first query request includes the policy information;

[0023] A first response message is received from the fourth node, where the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node.

[0024] In this implementation mode, after LAF communicates with the fourth node (such as UDM, PCF, etc.), it obtains relevant information of the node, is compatible with the existing communication network, and has higher applicability.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes identification information of the first node;

[0026] The sending a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information includes:

[0027] A first message is sent to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the first node.

[0028] In this implementation mode, the blockchain establishment demand information directly includes the identifier of the first node, making the demand clearer. LAF can directly send the first message to the first node without doing too much processing, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of blockchain creation or management.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the sending the first message to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the first node includes:

[0030] Acquire, according to the identification information of the first node, identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0031] A first message is sent to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node.

[0032] In this implementation, the access function of the first node in the network and the blockchain management function (i.e., LAF) are separated, because the access function may not only be provided to LAF, but also to other network elements, thus making the functional boundaries between network elements clearer. In addition, the compatibility of the solution when applied to the 5G system is also improved.

[0033] In a possible implementation, acquiring, according to the identification information of the first node, identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, includes:

[0034] Sending a second query request to a fifth node, where the second query request includes identification information of the first node;

[0035] A second response message is received from the fifth node, where the second response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node.

[0036] In this implementation, the information management function and blockchain management function (i.e., LAF) of the first node in the network are separated, because the information management function may not only be provided to LAF, but also to other network elements, thus making the functional boundaries between network elements clearer. In addition, the compatibility of the solution when applied to 5G systems is also improved.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the network element where the first node is located is an access and mobility management function AMF.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first response message includes identification information of the first node; or, the second response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0039] The fourth node is a policy control function PCF, or the fifth node is a unified data management UDM.

[0040] In this implementation, the compatibility of the solution when applied to the 5G system is improved.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; the second response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0042] The type of the first node is an access network device, and the fourth node or the fifth node is an operation, administration and maintenance OAM; or,

[0043] The type of the first node is a core network element, and the fourth node or the fifth node is a network storage function NRF; or,

[0044] The type of the first node is an application function node, and the fourth node or the fifth node is a network open function NEF.

[0045] In this implementation, the compatibility of the solution when applied to the 5G system is improved.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0047] Send a blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node.

[0048] In this implementation mode, LAF can obtain the configuration status of the first node in real time, which is conducive to the management of the blockchain status and can improve the response efficiency to the demand side of blockchain creation.

[0049] In a possible implementation, sending a blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node includes:

[0050] Sending a blockchain establishment result and a blockchain establishment log to the second node according to the first instruction message of the at least one first node;

[0051] The blockchain establishment log includes the completion status of the requirements.

[0052] In this implementation, the blockchain creation log displays the configuration status details of the blockchain node in detail, which is conducive to the management of the node and obtaining more detailed information to provide to the demander of blockchain creation.

[0053] In a possible implementation, the first indication message includes configuration success information or configuration failure information; the blockchain establishment result includes blockchain establishment success or blockchain establishment failure;

[0054] The sending a blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node includes:

[0055] Send a blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the amount of configuration success information included in the first indication message of the at least one first node.

[0056] In a possible implementation, if the amount of the configuration success information is greater than or equal to a first amount threshold, the blockchain establishment result is that the blockchain is established successfully;

[0057] If the number of the configuration success information is less than the first number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is blockchain establishment failure.

[0058] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0059] If the number of the configuration success information is less than the first number threshold, a node that meets the blockchain establishment requirements is reselected and configured as a blockchain node.

[0060] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0061] Blockchain capability information of a plurality of nodes is received, the plurality of nodes including the at least one first node.

[0062] In this implementation mode, by receiving the blockchain capability information of each node, it is helpful to accurately identify the nodes that meet the requirements for blockchain establishment in the subsequent process.

[0063] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0064] storing blockchain capability information of the plurality of nodes; or,

[0065] Send the blockchain capability information of the multiple nodes to the sixth node.

[0066] In this implementation, the sixth node may be a UDM, or the sixth node may be a newly designed network element, such as a UTDM, etc., which is not limited here. When the sixth node is a UDM, the compatibility of the present application scheme with the 5G system can be improved, and when the sixth node is a UDM, the applicability of the present application scheme can be improved.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes modes supported by the node, and the modes include one or more of the following:

[0068] Client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, full node mode; among them:

[0069] The node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals;

[0070] The node in the micro-node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction;

[0071] The node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching a consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block;

[0072] The node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block.

[0073] In this implementation, by defining different modes, it is possible to better adapt to the situation where there are many types of underlying devices in the communication network and the capabilities vary greatly, which is conducive to improving the applicability of the solution. For example, the terminal device is used as a client, the access network device is used as a micro node, the core network element and the independent node are used as full nodes; for example, the terminal device 1 is used as a client, the terminal device 2 is used as a micro node, the access network device and the independent node are used as full nodes; for example, the terminal device is used as a client, the application function node is used as a micro node, the core network element and the independent node are used as full nodes, and other combinations.

[0074] In a possible implementation, the node in the client mode and the node in the micro-node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment;

[0075] The nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes at least one of the following capabilities:

[0077] The ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing power, storage capacity, network capacity, security algorithm capacity, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capacity.

[0078] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0079] Sending a second message to a third node, wherein the third node is a successfully configured node among the at least one first node, and the second message is used to revoke the third node as a blockchain node;

[0080] A second indication message is received from the third node, where the second indication message is used to indicate whether the revocation of the third node is successful.

[0081] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for creating a blockchain, the method comprising:

[0082] The first node receives a first message, where the first message is used to configure the first node as a blockchain node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, and an edge network node; the terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node, the application function node, and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network;

[0083] The first node sends a first at least message, where the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is configured successfully.

[0084] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0085] The first node sends blockchain capability information.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes modes supported by the node, and the modes include one or more of the following:

[0087] Client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, full node mode; among them:

[0088] The node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals;

[0089] The node in the micro-node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction;

[0090] The node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching a consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block;

[0091] The node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block.

[0092] In a possible implementation, the node in the client mode and the node in the micro-node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment;

[0093] The nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0094] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes at least one of the following capabilities:

[0095] The ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing power, storage capacity, network capacity, security algorithm capacity, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capacity.

[0096] In a possible implementation, the first indication message indicates that the first node is configured successfully;

[0097] The method further comprises:

[0098] receiving a second message, where the second message is used to revoke the first node as a blockchain node;

[0099] A second indication message is sent, where the second indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is revoked successfully.

[0100] In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for creating a blockchain, the method comprising:

[0101] The second node determines the blockchain establishment requirement information;

[0102] The second node sends the blockchain establishment requirement information.

[0103] Here, the second node is a node that has a blockchain establishment requirement.

[0104] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes one or more of the following requirements:

[0105] Blockchain structure, block structure, consensus mechanism, demand for throughput, whether the blockchain supports editable functions, access control policy of the blockchain, the number of first nodes, policy information, identification information of the first node, capabilities of the first node, type of the first node, modes supported by the first node, configuration information corresponding to the first node, and whether the first node can provide a trusted execution environment for blockchain operation.

[0106] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node includes at least one of the following:

[0107] Terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network elements, independent nodes, application function nodes, edge network nodes;

[0108] The terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network.

[0109] In a possible implementation, the mode includes one or more of the following:

[0110] Client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, full node mode; among them:

[0111] The node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals;

[0112] The node in the micro-node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction;

[0113] The node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching a consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block;

[0114] The node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block.

[0115] In a possible implementation, the node in the client mode and the node in the micro-node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment;

[0116] The nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0117] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0118] The second node receives the blockchain establishment result; or,

[0119] The second node receives a blockchain establishment result and a blockchain establishment log, wherein the blockchain establishment log includes the completion status of the requirements.

[0120] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment result includes successful blockchain establishment or failed blockchain establishment.

[0121] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a method for creating a blockchain, the method comprising:

[0122] The fourth node receives a first query request, where the first query request includes policy information, or the first query request includes identification information of the first node;

[0123] The fourth node sends a first response message, wherein when the first query request includes policy information, the first response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node; when the first query request includes identification information of the first node, the first response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0124] Among them, the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network network element, independent node, application function node, edge network node; the terminal equipment, the access network equipment, the core network network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network.

[0125] In a possible implementation, the network element where the first node is located is an access and mobility management function AMF.

[0126] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first query request includes policy information, and the first response message includes identification information of the first node; and the fourth node is a policy control function PCF.

[0127] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first query request includes identification information of the first node, and the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; and the fourth node is a unified data management UDM.

[0128] In a possible implementation, the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0129] The type of the first node is an access network device, and the fourth node is an operation, administration and maintenance OAM; or,

[0130] The type of the first node is a core network element, and the fourth node is a network storage function NRF; or,

[0131] The type of the first node is an application function node, and the fourth node is a network open function NEF.

[0132] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0133] The fourth node receives blockchain capability information of multiple nodes, the multiple nodes include at least one first node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network network element, independent node, application function node, edge network node; the terminal equipment, the access network equipment, the core network network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network;

[0134] The fourth node stores the blockchain capability information of the multiple nodes for determining the at least one first node for the ledger anchoring function.

[0135] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which is a ledger anchoring function LAF, and includes:

[0136] A transceiver unit, configured to send a first message to at least one first node, wherein the first message is used to configure the first node as a blockchain node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, and an edge network node; the terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node, the application function node, and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in a communication network;

[0137] The transceiver unit is used to receive a first indication message from the at least one first node, where the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is configured successfully.

[0138] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further used to receive blockchain establishment requirement information from the second node;

[0139] The device also includes a processing unit;

[0140] When sending the first message to at least one first node, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0141] A first message is sent to at least one first node through the transceiver unit according to the blockchain establishment requirement information.

[0142] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes one or more of the following requirements:

[0143] Blockchain structure, block structure, consensus mechanism, demand for throughput, whether the blockchain supports editable functions, access control policy of the blockchain, the number of the first nodes, policy information, identification information of the first node, capabilities of the first node, type of the first node, modes supported by the first node, configuration information corresponding to the first node, and whether the first node can provide a trusted execution environment for blockchain operation.

[0144] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes the policy information; the device further includes a processing unit;

[0145] When sending a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information, the processing unit is used to:

[0146] Acquire, according to the policy information, identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node;

[0147] A first message is sent to the at least one first node through the transceiver unit based on the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node.

[0148] In a possible implementation, when acquiring, according to the policy information, identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node, the processing unit is configured to:

[0149] Sending a first query request to a fourth node through the transceiver unit, where the first query request includes the policy information;

[0150] A first response message from the fourth node is received through the transceiver unit, where the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node.

[0151] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes identification information of the first node; the device also includes a processing unit;

[0152] When sending a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information, the processing unit is used to:

[0153] A first message is sent to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the first node by the transceiver unit.

[0154] In a possible implementation, when the first message is sent to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the first node, the processing unit is configured to:

[0155] Acquire, according to the identification information of the first node, identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0156] The first message is sent to the at least one first node through the transceiver unit based on the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node.

[0157] In a possible implementation, when acquiring, according to the identification information of the first node, the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, the processing unit is configured to:

[0158] Sending a second query request to the fifth node through the transceiver unit, where the second query request includes identification information of the first node;

[0159] A second response message from the fifth node is received through the transceiver unit, where the second response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node.

[0160] In a possible implementation, the network element where the first node is located is an access and mobility management function AMF.

[0161] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first response message includes identification information of the first node; or, the second response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0162] The fourth node is a policy control function PCF, or the fifth node is a unified data management UDM.

[0163] In a possible implementation, the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; the second response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0164] The type of the first node is an access network device, and the fourth node or the fifth node is an operation, administration and maintenance OAM; or,

[0165] The type of the first node is a core network element, and the fourth node or the fifth node is a network storage function NRF; or,

[0166] The type of the first node is an application function node, and the fourth node or the fifth node is a network open function NEF.

[0167] In a possible implementation, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0168] The blockchain establishment result is sent to the second node through the transceiver unit according to the first indication message of the at least one first node.

[0169] In a possible implementation, when sending the blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node, the processing unit is further used to:

[0170] Sending a blockchain establishment result and a blockchain establishment log to the second node through the transceiver unit according to the first indication message of the at least one first node;

[0171] The blockchain establishment log includes the completion status of the requirements.

[0172] In a possible implementation, the first indication message includes configuration success information or configuration failure information; the blockchain establishment result includes blockchain establishment success or blockchain establishment failure;

[0173] When sending the blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node, the processing unit is used to:

[0174] The blockchain establishment result is sent to the second node by the transceiver unit according to the amount of configuration success information included in the first indication message of the at least one first node.

[0175] In a possible implementation, if the amount of the configuration success information is greater than or equal to a first amount threshold, the blockchain establishment result is that the blockchain is established successfully;

[0176] If the number of the configuration success information is less than the first number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is blockchain establishment failure.

[0177] In a possible implementation, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0178] If the number of the configuration success information is less than the first number threshold, a node that meets the blockchain establishment requirements is reselected and configured as a blockchain node.

[0179] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further used for:

[0180] Blockchain capability information of a plurality of nodes is received, the plurality of nodes including the at least one first node.

[0181] In a possible implementation, the device further includes a storage unit;

[0182] After receiving the blockchain capability information of the plurality of nodes, the storage unit or the transceiver unit is used to:

[0183] The storage unit is used to store the blockchain capability information of the multiple nodes; or,

[0184] The transceiver unit is used to send the blockchain capability information of the multiple nodes to the sixth node.

[0185] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes modes supported by the node, and the modes include one or more of the following:

[0186] Client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, full node mode; among them:

[0187] The node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals;

[0188] The node in the micro-node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction;

[0189] The node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching a consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block;

[0190] The node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block.

[0191] In a possible implementation, the node in the client mode and the node in the micro-node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment;

[0192] The nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0193] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes at least one of the following capabilities:

[0194] The ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing power, storage capacity, network capacity, security algorithm capacity, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capacity.

[0195] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further used for:

[0196] Sending a second message to a third node, wherein the third node is a successfully configured node among the at least one first node, and the second message is used to revoke the third node as a blockchain node;

[0197] A second indication message is received from the third node, where the second indication message is used to indicate whether the revocation of the third node is successful.

[0198] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which is a first node, and includes:

[0199] A transceiver unit, configured to receive a first message, wherein the first message is used to configure the first node as a blockchain node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: a terminal device, an access network device, a core network network element, an independent node, an application function node, and an edge network node; the terminal device, the access network device, the core network network element, the independent node, the application function node, and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in a communication network;

[0200] The transceiver unit is used to send a first indication message, where the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is configured successfully.

[0201] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further used for:

[0202] Send blockchain capability information.

[0203] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes modes supported by the node, and the modes include one or more of the following:

[0204] Client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, full node mode; among them:

[0205] The node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals;

[0206] The node in the micro-node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction;

[0207] The node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching a consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block;

[0208] The node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block.

[0209] In a possible implementation, the node in the client mode and the node in the micro-node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment;

[0210] The nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0211] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes at least one of the following capabilities:

[0212] The ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing power, storage capacity, network capacity, security algorithm capacity, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capacity.

[0213] In a possible implementation, the first indication message indicates that the first node is configured successfully;

[0214] The transceiver unit is also used for:

[0215] receiving a second message, where the second message is used to revoke the first node as a blockchain node;

[0216] A second indication message is sent, where the second indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is revoked successfully.

[0217] In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which is a second node, and includes:

[0218] A processing unit, used to determine blockchain establishment requirement information;

[0219] The transceiver unit is used to send the blockchain establishment requirement information.

[0220] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes one or more of the following requirements:

[0221] Blockchain structure, block structure, consensus mechanism, demand for throughput, whether the blockchain supports editable functions, access control policy of the blockchain, the number of first nodes, policy information, identification information of the first node, capabilities of the first node, type of the first node, modes supported by the first node, configuration information corresponding to the first node, and whether the first node can provide a trusted execution environment for blockchain operation.

[0222] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node includes at least one of the following:

[0223] Terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network elements, independent nodes, application function nodes, edge network nodes;

[0224] The terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network.

[0225] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit is further used for:

[0226] Receive blockchain creation results; or,

[0227] Receive a blockchain establishment result and a blockchain establishment log, wherein the blockchain establishment log includes the completion status of the requirements.

[0228] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment result includes successful blockchain establishment or failed blockchain establishment.

[0229] In a possible implementation, the mode includes one or more of the following:

[0230] Client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, full node mode; among them:

[0231] The node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals;

[0232] The node in the micro-node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction;

[0233] The node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching a consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block;

[0234] The node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block.

[0235] In a possible implementation, the node in the client mode and the node in the micro-node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment;

[0236] The nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0237] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which is a fourth node, and includes:

[0238] A transceiver unit, configured to receive a first query request, where the first query request includes policy information, or the first query request includes identification information of a first node;

[0239] The transceiver unit is configured to send a first response message, wherein when the first query request includes policy information, the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node; when the first query request includes identification information of the first node, the first response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0240] Among them, the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network network element, independent node, application function node, edge network node; the terminal equipment, the access network equipment, the core network network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network.

[0241] In a possible implementation, the network element where the first node is located is an access and mobility management function AMF.

[0242] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first query request includes policy information, and the first response message includes identification information of the first node; and the fourth node is a policy control function PCF.

[0243] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first query request includes identification information of the first node, and the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; and the fourth node is a unified data management UDM.

[0244] In a possible implementation, the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0245] The type of the first node is an access network device, and the fourth node is an operation, administration and maintenance OAM; or,

[0246] The type of the first node is a core network element, and the fourth node is a network storage function NRF; or,

[0247] The type of the first node is an application function node, and the fourth node is a network open function NEF.

[0248] In a possible implementation, the device further includes a storage unit, wherein:

[0249] The transceiver unit is used to receive blockchain capability information of multiple nodes, wherein the multiple nodes include at least one first node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network network element, independent node, application function node, edge network node; the terminal equipment, the access network equipment, the core network network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network;

[0250] The storage unit is used to store the blockchain capability information of the multiple nodes so as to determine the at least one first node for the ledger anchoring function.

[0251] In the ninth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may be a LAF. For example, the LAF may be an access network device or a core network element or other device, or may be a device in an access network device or a core network element or other device, or may be a device that can be used in combination with an access network device or a core network element or other device. Among them, the communication device may also be a chip system. The communication device may execute the method described in the first aspect. The functions of the communication device may be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the above functions. The unit or module may be software and / or hardware. The operations and beneficial effects performed by the communication device may refer to the methods and beneficial effects described in the first aspect above, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0252] In the tenth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may be a first node (for example, the first node may be a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, an edge network node, etc.), or a device in the first node, or a device that can be used in combination with the first node. Among them, the communication device may also be a chip system. The communication device may execute the method described in the second aspect. The functions of the communication device may be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software implementations. The hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the above functions. The unit or module may be software and / or hardware. The operations and beneficial effects performed by the communication device may refer to the methods and beneficial effects described in the second aspect above, and the repetitive parts will not be repeated.

[0253] In the eleventh aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may be a second node, or a device in the second node, or a device that can be used in combination with the second node. Among them, the communication device may also be a chip system. The communication device may execute the method described in the third aspect. The functions of the communication device may be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software implementations. The hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the above functions. The unit or module may be software and / or hardware. The operations and beneficial effects performed by the communication device may refer to the methods and beneficial effects described in the third aspect above, and the repetitive parts will not be repeated.

[0254] In the twelfth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may be a fourth node, or a device in the fourth node, or a device that can be used in combination with the fourth node. Among them, the communication device may also be a chip system. The communication device may execute the method described in the fourth aspect. The functions of the communication device may be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software implementations. The hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the above functions. The unit or module may be software and / or hardware. The operations and beneficial effects performed by the communication device may refer to the methods and beneficial effects described in the fourth aspect above, and the repetitive parts will not be repeated.

[0255] In the thirteenth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may be a LAF, for example, the LAF may be an access network device or a core network element or other device, the communication device includes a processor and a transceiver, the processor and the transceiver are used to execute a computer program or instruction stored in at least one memory, so that the device implements any method as in the first aspect. Optionally, the communication device may also include a memory. The processor, the transceiver and the memory are coupled.

[0256] In a fourteenth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may be a first node (for example, the first node may be a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, an edge network node, etc.), and the communication device includes a processor and a transceiver, and the processor and the transceiver are used to execute a computer program or instruction stored in at least one memory, so that the device implements a method as described in any one of the second aspects. Optionally, the communication device also includes a memory. The processor, the transceiver, and the memory are coupled.

[0257] In a fifteenth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may be a second node, wherein the communication device includes a processor and a transceiver, wherein the processor and the transceiver are used to execute a computer program or instruction stored in at least one memory, so that the device implements a method as described in any one of the third aspects. Optionally, the communication device also includes a memory. The processor, the transceiver, and the memory are coupled.

[0258] In a sixteenth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which may be a core network element (e.g., a fourth node, a fifth node, or a sixth node, etc.), wherein the communication device includes a processor and a transceiver, wherein the processor and the transceiver are used to execute a computer program or instruction stored in at least one memory, so that the device implements a method as in any one of the fourth aspects. Optionally, the communication device also includes a memory. The processor, the transceiver, and the memory are coupled.

[0259] In the seventeenth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction is executed by a computer, a method as described in any one of the first to sixth aspects is implemented.

[0260] In an eighteenth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions, wherein the computer program product comprises computer program codes, and when the computer program codes are executed on a computer, the method of any one of the first aspect to the sixth aspect is implemented.

[0261] In a nineteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, the communication system comprising a LAF and at least one first node, wherein:

[0262] The LAF sends a first message to the at least one first node, where the first message is used to configure the first node as a blockchain node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, and an edge network node; the terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node, the application function node, and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network;

[0263] The at least one first node sends a first indication message to the LAF, where the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node sending the first indication message is configured successfully.

[0264] In a possible implementation, the communication system further includes a second node; wherein:

[0265] The second node is used to send blockchain establishment requirement information to the LAF;

[0266] The LAF is used to send a first message to at least one first node, including:

[0267] The LAF is used to send a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information.

[0268] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes one or more of the following requirements:

[0269] Blockchain structure, block structure, consensus mechanism, demand for throughput, whether the blockchain supports editable functions, access control policy of the blockchain, the number of the first nodes, policy information, identification information of the first node, capabilities of the first node, type of the first node, modes supported by the first node, configuration information corresponding to the first node, and whether the first node can provide a trusted execution environment for blockchain operation.

[0270] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes the policy information or the identification information of the first node; the communication system further includes a fourth node; wherein:

[0271] The LAF is used to send a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information, including:

[0272] The LAF is used to send a first query request to the fourth node, where the first query request includes the policy information, or the first query request includes identification information of the first node;

[0273] The fourth node is used to send a first response message to the LAF, wherein when the first query request includes policy information, the first response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node; when the first query request includes identification information of the first node, the first response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0274] The LAF is used to send a first message to the at least one first node based on identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node.

[0275] In a possible implementation, the network element where the first node is located is an access and mobility management function AMF.

[0276] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first query request includes policy information, and the first response message includes identification information of the first node; and the fourth node is a policy control function PCF.

[0277] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first query request includes identification information of the first node, and the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; and the fourth node is a unified data management UDM.

[0278] In a possible implementation, the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0279] The type of the first node is an access network device, and the fourth node is an operation, administration and maintenance OAM; or,

[0280] The type of the first node is a core network element, and the fourth node is a network storage function NRF; or,

[0281] The type of the first node is an application function node, and the fourth node is a network open function NEF.

[0282] In a possible implementation, it is characterized in that

[0283] The LAF is used to send a blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node; or

[0284] The LAF is used to send a blockchain establishment result and a blockchain establishment log to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node; wherein the blockchain establishment log includes the completion status of the requirements.

[0285] In a possible implementation, the first indication message includes configuration success information or configuration failure information; the blockchain establishment result includes blockchain establishment success or blockchain establishment failure;

[0286] The LAF is used to send a blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node, including:

[0287] The LAF is used to send a blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the amount of configuration success information included in the first indication message of the at least one first node.

[0288] In a possible implementation, if the amount of the configuration success information is greater than or equal to a first amount threshold, the blockchain establishment result is that the blockchain is established successfully;

[0289] If the number of the configuration success information is less than the first number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is blockchain establishment failure.

[0290] In a possible implementation, the at least one first node is further configured to:

[0291] Send blockchain capability information to the LAF.

[0292] In a possible implementation, the LAF is also used to store the blockchain capability information; or,

[0293] The LAF is also used to send the blockchain capability information to the fourth node;

[0294] The fourth node stores the blockchain capability information.

[0295] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes modes supported by the node, and the modes include one or more of the following:

[0296] Client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, full node mode; among them:

[0297] The node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals;

[0298] The node in the micro-node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction;

[0299] The node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching a consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block;

[0300] The node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block.

[0301] In a possible implementation, the node in the client mode and the node in the micro-node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment;

[0302] The nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0303] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes at least one of the following capabilities:

[0304] The ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing power, storage capacity, network capacity, security algorithm capacity, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capacity.

[0305] In a possible implementation, the LAF is used to send a second message to the third node, wherein the third node is a successfully configured node among the at least one first node, and the second message is used to revoke the third node as a blockchain node;

[0306] The third node is used to send a second indication message to the LAF, where the second indication message is used to indicate whether the revocation of the third node is successful.

[0307] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system;

[0308] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system;

[0309] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a blockchain provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0310] FIG4 is a flow chart of a method for creating a blockchain provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0311] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a process of creating a blockchain provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0312] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of another method for creating a blockchain provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0313] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a blockchain establishment process of multiple node combinations provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0314] FIG8 is another schematic diagram of a blockchain establishment process of multiple node combinations provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0315] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0316] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0317] The specific embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0318] The terms "first" and "second" and the like in the specification, claims and drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0319] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0320] In the present application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, "more than one" means two or more, "at least two (items)" means two or three and more than three, and "and / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0321] In order to better understand the embodiments of the present application, the system architecture involved in the embodiments of the present application is first introduced below:

[0322] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: long term evolution (LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD), new radio (NR) and other fifth generation (5G) systems, sixth generation (6G) systems and other systems evolved after 5G, wireless local area networks (WALN), etc., without limitation.

[0323] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system. As shown in Figure 1, a terminal device can access a wireless network to communicate with other devices through the wireless network, such as communicating with other terminal devices. The wireless network includes a (radio) access network ((radio) access network, (R) AN) and a core network (CN), wherein the (R) AN (hereinafter described as RAN) is used to access the terminal device to the wireless network, and the CN is used to manage the terminal device. The terminal device, RAN and CN involved in the system architecture in Figure 1 are described in detail below.

[0324] 1. Terminal equipment

[0325] The terminal device includes a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to the user. For example, the terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water surface (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.). The terminal device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, a wearable terminal, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the application scenarios. Terminal equipment may also be sometimes referred to as terminal, user equipment (UE), access terminal, vehicle-mounted terminal, industrial control terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, UE terminal, wireless communication device, UE agent or UE device, etc. The terminal may also be fixed or mobile. It is understood that all or part of the functions of the terminal in the present application may also be implemented by software functions running on hardware, or by virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0326] 2. RAN

[0327] The RAN may include one or more RAN devices (or access network devices), and the interface between the access network device and the terminal device may be a Uu interface (or air interface). Of course, in communications evolved after 5G, the names of these interfaces may remain unchanged, or may be replaced by other names, and this application does not limit this.

[0328] Access network equipment refers to nodes or devices that connect terminal devices to wireless networks. Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to: next generation node B (gNB), evolved node B (eNB), next generation eNB (ng-eNB), wireless backhaul equipment, radio network controller (RNC), node B (NB), home evolved node B (HeNB) or home node B (HNB), baseband unit (BBU), transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), mobile switching center, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, etc. Access network equipment may also include centralized units (centralized radio access units) in cloud radio access network (C-RAN) systems. The network equipment in the communication system of a distributed unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), a non-terrestrial network (NTN), that is, it can be deployed on a high-altitude platform or a satellite, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this.

[0329] 3. CN

[0330] The CN may include one or more CN devices (which may also be understood as network element devices or functional network elements or network functions (NF), etc., which are not limited here).

[0331] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of another communication system. The communication system is a system architecture in a 5G non-roaming scenario. As shown in Figure 2, the communication system includes the following network functions and entities: network slice selection function (NSSF), network exposure function (NEF), network function repository function (NRF), policy control function (PCF), unified data management (UDM), application function (AF), authentication server function (AUSF), access and mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), UE, (radio) access network ((R)AN), user plane function (UPF) and data network (DN). Among them:

[0332] 1. User plane network element: As the interface with the data network, it completes functions such as user plane data forwarding, session / flow-level billing statistics, bandwidth limitation, etc. That is, packet routing and forwarding, and quality of service (QoS) processing of user plane data.

[0333] In a 5G communication system, the user plane network element may be a UPF network element.

[0334] 2. Authentication server: performs security authentication of users. In the 5G communication system, the authentication server can be an AUSF network element.

[0335] 3. Mobility management network element: mainly used for mobility management and access management. In the 5G communication system, the access management network element can be an AMF network element, which mainly performs functions such as mobility management and access authentication / authorization. In addition, it is also responsible for transmitting user policies between the terminal and the PCF network element.

[0336] 4. Session management network element: mainly used for session management, allocation and management of Internet protocol (IP) addresses of user equipment, selection of endpoints of manageable user plane functions, policy control and charging function interfaces, and downlink data notification.

[0337] In the 5G communication system, the session management network element can be an SMF network element, which completes terminal IP address allocation, UPF selection, and billing and QoS policy control.

[0338] 5. Application network element: In the 5G communication system, the application network element can be an AF network element, which represents the application function of a third party or operator. It is the interface for the 5G network to obtain external application data and is mainly used to convey the requirements of the application side to the network side.

[0339] 6. Unified data management network element: responsible for the management of user identification, contract data, authentication data, and user service network element registration management. In the 5G communication system, the unified data management network element can be a UDM network element.

[0340] 7. Policy control network element: including user contract data management function, policy control function, billing policy control function, quality of service (QoS) control, etc., a unified policy framework used to guide network behavior, and provide policy rule information for control plane functional network elements (such as AMF, SMF network elements, etc.).

[0341] In a 5G communication system, the policy control network element may be a PCF.

[0342] 8. Network Function Repository Functional Network Element: Provides storage and selection functions for network function entity information for other core network elements. In the 5G communication system, this network element can be an NRF network element.

[0343] 9. Network open network element: In the 5G communication system, the network open network element can be a NEF network element, which is mainly used to expose the services and capabilities of 3GPP network functions to AF, and also allows AF to provide information to 3GPP network functions.

[0344] 10. Network slice selection function network element: responsible for selecting network slices for UE. In the 5G communication system, this application network element can be the NSSF network element.

[0345] The above-mentioned functional network element can be a network element in a hardware device, a software function running on dedicated hardware, or a virtualized function instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). The above-mentioned functional network element can be divided into one or more services, and further, there may be services that exist independently of the network function. In this application, an instance of the above-mentioned functional network element, or an instance of a service included in the above-mentioned functional network element, or an instance of a service that exists independently of the network function can be referred to as a service instance.

[0346] In addition, although not shown, the CN may also include other possible network elements, such as a service communication proxy (SCP), a network slice admission control function (NSACF), and a unified data repository (UDR) network element.

[0347] It should be noted that in a 5G communication system, each functional network element may be the name of each functional network element shown in FIG2, and in a communication system evolved after 5G (such as a 6G communication system), each functional network element may still be the name of each functional network element shown in FIG2, or may have other names. For example, in a 5G communication system, a policy control network element may be a PCF, and in a communication system evolved after 5G (such as a 6G communication system), the policy control function may still be a PCF, or may have other names, which is not limited in this application.

[0348] Among them, Nnssf is the service-based interface provided by NSSF; Nnef is the service-based interface provided by NEF; Nnrf is the service-based interface provided by NRF; Npcf is the service-based interface provided by PCF; Nudm is the service-based interface provided by UDM; Naf is the service-based interface provided by AF; Nausf is the service-based interface provided by AUSF; Namf is the service-based interface provided by AMF; Nsmf is the service-based interface provided by SMF; N1 is the reference point between UE and AMF; N2 is the reference point between (R)AN and AMF; N3 is the reference point between (R)AN and UPF; N4 is the reference point between SMF and UPF; N6 is the reference point between UPF and DN; N9 is the reference point between UPFs. It should be noted that the meanings of Nnssf, Nnef, Nnrf, Npcf, Nudm, Naf, Nausf, Namf, Nsmf, N1, N2, N3, N4, N6, and N9 in Figure 2 can be referred to the meanings defined in the relevant standard protocols and are not limited here.

[0349] It should be noted that the communication system described in the embodiments of the present application (such as the communication system shown in Figures 1 and 2) can also be described as a communication network or a communication network, etc., which is not limited here.

[0350] It should be noted that the names of the network elements or nodes involved in this application may also be called other names, which are not limited here. It should be noted that the new network element or newly designed network element described in this application may be a brand new network element, or it may be an expansion, update or addition of the functions of an existing network element, or it may be a merger or integration of the functions of multiple existing network elements, which are not limited here.

[0351] It should be noted that the fourth node, the fifth node and the sixth node described in the embodiment of the present application may be the same network element, or may be different network elements, which is determined according to the actual scenario and is not limited here.

[0352] For example, when the type of the first node is a terminal device and the blockchain establishment requirement information includes policy information, the fourth node and the fifth node are different network elements. Specifically, the fourth node may be a PCF and the fifth node may be a UDM.

[0353] For another example, when the type of the first node is an access network device, the fourth node, the fifth node and the sixth node may be the same network element, such as an OAM.

[0354] For another example, when the type of the first node is a core network element, the fourth node, the fifth node and the sixth node may be the same network element, such as an NRF.

[0355] For another example, when the type of the first node is an application function node, the fourth node, the fifth node and the sixth node may be the same network element, such as NEF.

[0356] It should be noted that the nodes involved in the embodiments of the present application (for example, the first node, the second node, the fourth node, the fifth node, or the sixth node, etc.) can be a device, a chip or a network function, etc., and are not limited here.

[0357] To facilitate understanding of the relevant contents of the embodiments of the present application, some knowledge required for the present application is introduced below. It should be noted that these explanations are intended to make the embodiments of the present application easier to understand and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection claimed by the present application.

[0358] 1. Account Book

[0359] Ledger is a technology that shares, copies, or synchronizes data between nodes through a consensus mechanism. Blockchain (BC) is a type of ledger technology, which, based on the ledger, also adds tamper-proof technology guaranteed by cryptographic mechanisms. Generally speaking, the nodes of a blockchain can run on a physical node, or they can also run in a virtual environment in a physical node. Here, the physical node is the first node in this application. It is understandable that in addition to being applicable to blockchain creation, this application can also be extended to ledger creation, or it may not be called blockchain or ledger in the future, but may be called other names, without limitation.

[0360] 2. Ledger anchor function (LAF)

[0361] The LAF involved in this application can be a new NF in the core network (i.e. deployed in the core network), or LAF can also be deployed in RAN, or LAF can also be deployed in other network elements or devices other than the core network and RAN, without limitation here. LAF can be used to perform tasks related to blockchain in the communication network, such as being responsible for the management of the life cycle of the blockchain, including the deployment of blockchain, access control, etc. It is understandable that the network element used to perform tasks related to blockchain in the communication network in this application may not be limited to LAF, but may adopt other names, which are determined according to the actual scenario and are not limited here. For the convenience of description, the following mainly uses LAF for schematic illustration. Optionally, LAF can also be a device, or a chip, etc., which is not limited here.

[0362] 3. Independent node (INN)

[0363] The INN involved in this application is a node with blockchain capabilities deployed in a communication network. In other words, an independent node is a node that can be deployed at any position in a communication network and has blockchain capabilities. It follows the communication network protocol stack and accepts the unified management and scheduling of the communication network, but is not formally bound to communication nodes such as terminal devices, access network devices, and core network devices. It should be noted that the name of the node that can be deployed at any position in the communication network in this application, and the name of the node with blockchain capabilities may not be limited to LAF, and other names may be used, which are determined according to the actual scenario and are not limited here. For the convenience of description, the following is mainly schematically illustrated with independent nodes.

[0364] For example, when an independent node is deployed in a terminal device, the independent node complies with the protocol stack of the terminal device; when an independent node is deployed in a RAN, the independent node complies with the protocol stack of the RAN; when an independent node is deployed in a core network, the independent node complies with the NF protocol stack.

[0365] For another example, an independent node can also be a hardware and software integrated server designed for blockchain technology, that is, a blockchain all-in-one machine.

[0366] For another example, in some scenarios that require high performance of blockchain, such as requiring high throughput, high computing, and / or the ability to support multiple consensus algorithms, when the blockchain node integrated in the RAN is unable to meet the performance requirements, an independent node deployed in the RAN can be started. The independent node not only complies with the RAN protocol stack communication, but also provides high-performance blockchain capabilities.

[0367] 4. AF nodes and edge network nodes

[0368] The node corresponding to AF is the AF node, wherein the AF node involved in this application is a node with blockchain capabilities. It is understandable that the purpose of the interaction between AF and the 5G core network is to provide services. According to the operator's deployment strategy, the trusted AF can directly access the internal network element functions of the 5G core network to improve business processing efficiency, or it can also achieve information interaction with the corresponding internal network element functions through NEF. That is to say, in this application, in addition to being deployed in the internal network elements of the communication network, blockchain nodes can also be extended to AF to apply to scenarios that require AF participation.

[0369] Edge network nodes are nodes used in edge computing. Edge computing refers to computing performed at or near the physical location of a user or data source, which can reduce latency and save bandwidth. Among them, edge network nodes belong to the communication network.

[0370] 5. Blockchain structure

[0371] Blockchain structures include single chain, parallel chain, sharding, directed acyclic graph (DAG), etc., which are not limited here.

[0372] 6. Block structure

[0373] Block structure refers to the content and data structure inside the block.

[0374] 7. Consensus Mechanism

[0375] In decentralized ledger / blockchain technology, consensus mechanism refers to the process of reaching a unified agreement on the state of the network / data / transaction in a decentralized manner, also known as a consensus algorithm. Consensus mechanisms include proof of work (POW), proof of stack (POS), delegated proof of stake (DPOS), reliable, replicated, redundant, and fault-tolerant (RAFT), practical byzantine fault tolerance (PBFT), etc., without limitation here.

[0376] 8. Trusted execution environment (TEE)

[0377] TEE is a secure area built in the central processing unit through software and hardware methods to ensure that the programs and data loaded inside it are protected in terms of confidentiality and integrity.

[0378] 9. Blockchain access control strategy

[0379] The access control strategies of blockchain include LAF authorization, LAF access control, LAF transparent transmission, and LAF proxy. Among them:

[0380] LAF authorization: LAF authorizes through authorization codes. For example, when entity A accesses the blockchain, A will send an authentication request to LAF. After authentication, LAF will issue an authorization code to A, indicating the scope and validity period of the authorization. A holds the authorization code to access the blockchain. The blockchain verifies the authorization code and accepts A's access.

[0381] LAF access control: LAF performs access control. For example, LAF directly verifies A, and after passing, A can directly access the blockchain. LAF performs a verification for each request.

[0382] LAF transparent transmission: LAF transparently transmits the access request, and the ledger node performs access control. For example, LAF does not process and directly forwards A's request to the blockchain, and the blockchain node performs access control.

[0383] LAF agent: LAF performs agent services and provides access data. For example, A submits a request to LAF. After LAF verifies the request, LAF obtains the request from the chain and replies to A.

[0384] 10. Configuration information corresponding to the node

[0385] The configuration information corresponding to the node can be understood as the blockchain's demand configuration for the node to report transactions. For example, the configuration information of a node can be a trigger condition for configuring transaction reporting, and the trigger condition can be time-based, frequency-based, or condition-based. Among them, time-based means that transactions are generated based on a certain time interval and reported to the blockchain. For example, configure the terminal device / base station to report environmental perception information regularly, or configure the NF to report the network status regularly. Frequency-based means that information is reported once every n times an event occurs, and n is an integer greater than 0. Condition-based means reporting when certain conditions are met. For example, when a terminal device accesses the AMF once, a transaction report is generated. For example, when the network traffic reaches a certain threshold, a transaction report is generated.

[0386] 11. Modes supported by nodes

[0387] The modes supported by the node in this application include one or more of the following: client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, and full node mode. Among them:

[0388] Nodes in client mode are used to generate transactions or transaction proposals. Among them, the transaction proposal is the transaction content pre-executed by the client, such as A transferring X yuan to B. The transaction is the state of the client after the transaction proposal is executed. For example, A and B are initially 10 yuan, and A transfers 1 yuan to B. After the transaction is executed, A = 9 yuan and B = 11 yuan.

[0389] Nodes in micro-node mode are used to pre-process transactions or transaction proposals. Pre-processing transactions or transaction proposals includes one or more of the following: ① Verify transactions or transaction proposals; ② Execute transaction proposals to generate transactions; ③ Generate micro-blocks based on transactions. Among them, verifying transactions or transaction proposals means verifying the signature and integrity of transactions or transaction proposals, as well as verifying the transaction content. Among them, micro-blocks are a kind of block generated by micro-nodes after accepting transactions sent by clients, verifying the legitimacy of transactions, and performing Merkle processing (not necessarily Merkle processing) on ​​transactions that pass verification, generating a transaction tree, and endorsing it (the micro-node signs the transaction tree).

[0390] Nodes in light node mode are used to process transactions or transaction proposals or microblocks. Processing transactions or transaction proposals or microblocks includes one or more of the following: ① Verify transactions or transaction proposals; ② Execute transaction proposals to generate transactions; ③ Reach consensus on transactions or microblocks, and generate complete blocks based on transactions or microblocks. Among them, a complete block is a microblock sent by a micronode accepted by a full node / light node. It no longer verifies a single transaction, but only verifies the result of the microblock's endorsement of it. After merkle processing of multiple microblocks, they are encapsulated in a block to generate a full block.

[0391] A node in full node mode includes the functionality of a node in light node mode, as well as being used to store complete blocks.

[0392] 12. Node Capabilities

[0393] The capabilities of a node include the ability to deploy smart contracts, the ability to call smart contracts, the ability to execute smart contracts, the ability to report transactions, the ability to query transactions, the ability to execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, consensus capabilities, and one or more other capabilities.

[0394] Among them, the ability to deploy smart contracts means that nodes can install smart contract programs.

[0395] The ability to call smart contracts means that a node can call the program of a smart contract.

[0396] The ability to execute smart contracts means that the node can execute the program of the smart contract and provide computing resources and operating environment for the execution of the smart contract.

[0397] The ability to report transactions means that a node can generate a transaction and send the transaction to a node, which can be a full node, micro node, or light node.

[0398] The transaction query capability means that a node can query the blockchain for related transactions through keywords, such as transaction ID or transaction hash or transaction party ID or transaction content.

[0399] The ability to execute transactions means that a node can execute a transaction and obtain the status of the transaction party after the transaction is executed.

[0400] The ability to query blocks means that nodes can query the blockchain for related transactions through keywords such as block height, block hash, or block content. Block height refers to the serial number of the block on the chain.

[0401] Computing power refers to the computing processing capabilities of blockchain nodes, such as central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), and memory status.

[0402] Storage capacity refers to the size of the hard disk space.

[0403] Network capacity refers to network bandwidth.

[0404] Security algorithm capability refers to the algorithms supported by the node.

[0405] The ability to provide a trusted execution environment means that the node can provide a trusted execution environment for the deployment, invocation, execution of smart contracts or the operation of the blockchain.

[0406] Consensus capability refers to the consensus algorithm supported by the node.

[0407] 13. Smart Contracts

[0408] A smart contract is an agreement that automatically performs tasks that would otherwise be done manually. A smart contract is any agreement that can perform some of its functions on its own. For example, a contract that automatically calculates the amount of money owed by a party to a contract and arranges for the payment of that amount.

[0409] It should be noted that in the communication system, blockchain can be used in multiple scenarios, such as:

[0410] Scenario 1: The communication network blockchain requires UE / access network equipment (such as base stations) to report environment, key performance indicators (KPI), surveying and mapping, etc., including:

[0411] The KPI data information generated by the actual operation of traditional networks is mainly collected and collected locally by base stations, and then directly reported to the local sub-network management and database system through private interfaces, and then hierarchically summarized and reported to higher-level network management and data centers. Using blockchain technology, UE can report various network KPI data in real time.

[0412] Alternatively, new businesses require mapping data from a large number of users. For example, the sensors of test cars usually capture images and information of other cars, pedestrians, bicycles, traffic signs, traffic lights, curbs, lanes, other infrastructure and road landscapes. The IoT network will map the humidity, temperature, environmental conditions, etc. Through blockchain, the network can record and store mapping data.

[0413] Scenario 2: Communication network blockchain can also be used to record various dynamic data of network elements, such as:

[0414] For example, operators have business data of terminals, such as user portrait information (i.e. the information signed by users with the operator when joining the network), location information, identification (ID) information, public land mobile network (PLMN) information, service information, etc.; blockchain can provide users with personal information related to users (such as itinerary during the epidemic).

[0415] Scenario 3: Data on the communication network blockchain can also be provided as a service to UE, RAN, CN, and application functions (i.e., third-party applications), etc.

[0416] However, the realization of the above scenarios requires the communication network to have blockchain capabilities for various entities of the communication network (such as UE, RAN, CN), and the construction and deployment of blockchain have a complete set of management architecture and methods. However, the current evolution of blockchain is independent of the evolution of the network, that is, the current blockchain is an independent distributed storage bypassing the communication network, it cannot be combined with the communication network, and the communication network cannot directly manage and configure the blockchain.

[0417] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application proposes a method for creating a blockchain, which can realize the combination of blockchain and communication network.

[0418] Before introducing the method for creating a blockchain provided by the present application, a blockchain architecture applicable to the present application is schematically described.

[0419] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the blockchain provided by the embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the blockchain architecture in this application is mainly divided into three levels:

[0420] 1. Application (Ledger application, LP) layer: It is the upper-layer business that needs to deploy blockchain in the communication network.

[0421] 2. Service (Ledger Service, LS) layer: used to provide blockchain as a service (BAAS) services for upper-layer businesses, shield infrastructure layer details, and manage nodes in the infrastructure layer. The service layer includes LAF, which can interact with other NFs.

[0422] 3. Ledger Infrastructure (LI) layer: mainly includes UE, RAN, NF, AF, INN, edge network nodes (not shown in the figure), etc., which are used to provide different levels of blockchain capabilities, accept the configuration of the service layer, and build blockchain. Among them, BC enabler is used to identify nodes (such as UE, RAN, NF, AF, and INN)) with blockchain capabilities.

[0423] It should be noted that FIG. 3 is only an exemplary illustration, and this application does not impose any restrictions on the blockchain architecture.

[0424] The following is a detailed introduction to the blockchain creation method and communication device provided by this application:

[0425] Please refer to Figure 4, which is a flow chart of a method for creating a blockchain provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4, the method for creating a blockchain includes the following steps S401-S402:

[0426] S401. LAF sends a first message to at least one first node.

[0427] In some feasible implementations, LAF sends a first message to at least one first node, and the first message is used to configure the first node as a blockchain node, or is understood as the first message is used to indicate that the first node is a blockchain node, or is understood as the first message is used to activate the first node as a blockchain node. It should be noted that configuring the first node as a blockchain node can be understood as configuring the first node as a node in the newly established blockchain when establishing a new blockchain. Optionally, configuring the first node as a blockchain node can also be understood as adding the first node as a node in the blockchain on the basis of an already established blockchain, that is, managing or maintaining the existing blockchain. Generally speaking, the configuration information included in the first message corresponding to different first nodes is different.

[0428] It is understandable that the type of the first node involved in the present application may be one or more of a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, an edge network node, etc. Among them, the terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node and the application function node, and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network.

[0429] It is understandable that the first messages corresponding to different first nodes in the embodiments of the present application are usually different. Optionally, the first message corresponding to any first node may include configuration information for the first node. For example, the configuration information may include configuration for reporting transactions on the first node. For example, when a condition-based method is used to trigger transaction reporting, what are the specific conditions for configuring the transaction in the configuration information? For another example, after activating / triggering / indicating that the first node is a blockchain node, some information of other corresponding communication nodes needs to be configured. This is because the blockchain node needs to communicate with other communication nodes, so other communication nodes need to be configured.

[0430] Optionally, the LAF sending the first message to at least one first node can be understood as: the LAF sends the first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information. Among them, the understanding of the LAF sending the first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information will be described in detail later and will not be described in detail here.

[0431] The above-mentioned blockchain establishment requirement information can be generated by LAF, that is, when LAF itself has a blockchain establishment requirement, LAF can determine its own blockchain establishment requirement information, and determine at least one first node based on the blockchain establishment requirement information. Alternatively, the blockchain establishment requirement information can also be generated by other nodes (for the convenience of description, the second node is used as an example for schematic illustration later) and sent to LAF, so LAF can determine at least one first node based on the blockchain establishment requirement information received from the second node. The second node here refers to a node with a blockchain establishment requirement, for example, the second node can be the operator's management plane, management node, administrator. For another example, the second node can be other business levels or users, for example, data service nodes, Internet of Vehicles nodes, vertical industry users, end users, etc., without limitation here.

[0432] Generally speaking, the above blockchain establishment requirements include one or more of the following requirements:

[0433] Blockchain structure, block structure, consensus mechanism, demand for throughput, whether the blockchain supports editable functions, access control policy of the blockchain, the number of first nodes, policy information, identification information of the first node, capabilities of the first node, type of the first node, modes supported by the first node, configuration information corresponding to the first node, and whether the first node can provide a trusted execution environment for blockchain operation.

[0434] Among them, the capabilities of any first node include one or more of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy smart contracts, the ability to call smart contracts, the ability to execute smart contracts, the ability to report transactions, the ability to query transactions, the ability to execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, consensus capabilities, and one or more of the above capabilities.

[0435] Among them, the modes supported by any first node may include client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, or full node mode. Generally speaking, a first node only supports one mode in a certain blockchain, and the modes supported by the same first node in different blockchains can be the same or different, which is not limited here.

[0436] Among them, the number of first nodes can be understood as the total number of first nodes constituting the blockchain, or the number of first nodes can also be understood as the minimum number of first nodes required to constitute the blockchain, etc., and there is no limitation here.

[0437] Among them, the policy information can be understood as information used to determine the blockchain node, that is, there is no direct designation of a first node with a certain identifier, but some conditional constraints, which can be used to determine the first node.

[0438] For example, for a terminal device, the policy information of the terminal device may be: 1. A terminal device that meets a certain performance requirement during the registration phase, such as a terminal device with a trusted execution environment. 2. A terminal device that is currently connected to a certain base station, such as a terminal device that is currently connected to a base station with an ID of 1101100100111111. 3. A terminal device with a long-term fixed location, such as a terminal device that is long-term connected to a base station with an ID of 1101100100111111, etc. Examples are not given one by one here.

[0439] For another example, for an access network device, the policy information of the access network device may be: 1. The location information of the access network device, such as an access network device located in a certain community in a certain area; 2. The security and computing capabilities of the access network device, such as an access network device with a trusted execution environment and a CPU 4-core computing capability, etc. Examples are not given one by one here.

[0440] For another example, for a core network element, the policy information of the core network element may be: a core network element involved in a certain service, etc. For example, a network element managing mobility management, etc. For another example, a network element with idle current traffic, etc.

[0441] For another example, for an independent node, the policy information of the independent node may be: an independent node that meets certain performance requirements, for example, an independent node with 64 CPU cores, or an independent node with 100G memory, or an independent node with a Gigabit network port, etc., which are not listed one by one here.

[0442] For another example, for an application function node, the policy information of the application function node may be: an application function node that meets certain performance requirements, for example, an application function node with 64 CPU cores, or an application function node with 100G memory, or an application function node with a Gigabit network port, etc., which are not listed one by one here.

[0443] For example, please refer to Table 1 below, which is a specific example of the blockchain establishment requirement information provided in the embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that the blockchain establishment requirement information may include one or more items in Table 1. As shown in Table 1 below, the first column represents the requirement parameters, that is, the requirements in the blockchain establishment requirement information, the second column represents the parameter details, that is, the detailed configuration of the corresponding requirements, and the third column represents the parameter explanation, that is, the specific explanation of the meaning of the requirement parameters:

[0444] Table 1

[0445]

[0446]

[0447]

[0448]

[0449]

[0450]

[0451] Optionally, before step S401, the following step S400 may be further included:

[0452] S400: Multiple nodes send blockchain capability information to LAF. Correspondingly, LAF receives blockchain capability information of multiple nodes.

[0453] Among them, the multiple nodes include the at least one first node mentioned above. That is to say, each node with blockchain capability can report its own blockchain capability information to LAF, or, when the blockchain capability information of the node with blockchain capability changes or is updated, it can report its latest blockchain capability information to LAF.

[0454] In one implementation, the blockchain capability information reported by any node may include the modes supported by the node and the capabilities of the node under the mode. For example, client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, or full node mode, etc., are not limited here. Generally speaking, nodes in client mode and nodes in micro node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy or call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report or query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment. Nodes in light node mode and nodes in full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy or call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report or query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0455] In another implementation, the blockchain capability information reported by any node may also directly include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy smart contracts, the ability to call smart contracts, the ability to execute smart contracts, the ability to report transactions, the ability to query transactions, the ability to execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, consensus capabilities, etc., without limitation. In other words, when reporting blockchain capability information, a node may not report the modes it supports, but only the capabilities it possesses.

[0456] Among them, after receiving the blockchain capability information of multiple nodes, LAF can store the blockchain capability information of multiple nodes, that is, store the received blockchain capability information of multiple nodes locally. Optionally, LAF can also send the received blockchain capability information of multiple nodes to the sixth node, so that the sixth node can receive and store the blockchain capability information of multiple nodes from LAF.

[0457] It is understandable that when the node is a terminal device, the sixth node can be a unified data management (UDM). When the node is an access network device (such as a base station), the sixth node can be an OAM. When the node is an NF, the sixth node can be an NRF. When the node is an AF, the sixth node can be an NEF. When the node is an INN, the sixth node can be the LAF itself, or the sixth node can also be other network elements, etc., which are not limited here. Optionally, the sixth node can also be a newly defined network element, such as a unified trusted data management (UTDM), etc., which is not limited here. The newly defined network element can be used to store the blockchain capability information of one or more types of nodes such as terminal devices, access network devices, core network network elements, independent nodes, application function nodes, edge network nodes, etc. It is understandable that the name of the newly defined network element may not be limited to UTDM. For the convenience of description, UTDM is mainly used as an example for schematic description in the following.

[0458] It should be noted that the blockchain capability information reported by each node is used by LAF to determine which node or nodes meet the blockchain establishment requirements before sending the first message, so as to send the first message to these nodes that meet the requirements. In other words, LAF can determine which node or nodes can be used as the first node based on the blockchain establishment requirement information and the blockchain capability information reported by each node. After LAF determines the first node, it can send the first message to these first nodes.

[0459] S402. The LAF receives a first indication message from at least one first node.

[0460] The first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is successfully configured, or it is understood that the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is successfully activated. Specifically, the first indication message includes configuration success information or configuration failure information, or it is understood that the first indication message includes activation success information or activation failure information.

[0461] Optionally, LAF may determine the blockchain establishment result based on the first indication message of at least one first node. The blockchain establishment result includes a successful blockchain establishment or a blockchain establishment failure. Exemplarily, LAF may determine the blockchain establishment result based on the number of configuration success messages returned by the first node, or LAF may also determine the blockchain establishment result based on the number of configuration failure messages returned by the first node.

[0462] For example, if the number of configuration success messages is greater than or equal to the first number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is that the blockchain is successfully established. If the number of configuration success messages is less than the first number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is that the blockchain is failed to be established.

[0463] For another example, if the number of configuration failure information is greater than or equal to the second number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is blockchain establishment failure; if the number of configuration failure information is less than the second number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is blockchain establishment success.

[0464] Optionally, if the number of configuration success messages is less than a first quantity threshold, a node that meets the blockchain establishment requirements is reselected and the node is configured as a blockchain node. Alternatively, if the number of configuration failure messages is greater than or equal to a second quantity threshold, a node that meets the blockchain establishment requirements is reselected and the node is configured as a blockchain node.

[0465] The first quantity threshold and the second quantity threshold may be set to be the same or different, depending on the actual application scenario and are not limited here.

[0466] Optionally, LAF can also send a second message to a third node, where the third node is a node that is successfully configured among at least one of the first nodes configured above, and the second message is used to revoke the third node as a blockchain node. Optionally, LAF can receive a second indication message from the third node, and the second indication message is used to indicate whether the third node is successfully revoked. In other words, in addition to configuring a node with blockchain capabilities as a blockchain node, LAF can also revoke or delete one or more nodes in the blockchain to achieve the creation or management of the blockchain.

[0467] Optionally, LAF can also update or change the configuration information of a configured blockchain node. For example, taking the first node as terminal device 1, assuming that terminal device 1 is initially configured as a full node in the blockchain, in the subsequent blockchain management process, LAF can also update terminal device 1 as a micro node in the blockchain, etc. The specific information is determined according to the actual application scenario and is not limited here.

[0468] Optionally, if the blockchain establishment requirement information is generated by other nodes and sent to LAF, then after LAF determines the blockchain establishment result, LAF can also send the blockchain establishment result to the other nodes with the blockchain establishment requirement. Optionally, when sending the blockchain establishment result, a blockchain establishment log can also be sent, where the blockchain establishment log includes the completion status of the requirement.

[0469] For example, please refer to Table 2 below, which is a specific example of a blockchain establishment log provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Table 2 below, the first column represents the requirement parameters, and the second column represents the actual requirement completion status. It can be understood that Table 2 is only for illustration, and a blockchain establishment log can be provided according to specific requirement parameters during specific implementation, for example, including at least one row in Table 2.

[0470] Table 2

[0471] Requirement parameters Requirement completion status Identification information of the first node Completed / uncompleted Blockchain structure Completed / uncompleted Consensus mechanism Completed / uncompleted surface

[0472] Throughput completion / incomplete support editable completion / incomplete blockchain access control policy - access network equipment LAF authorization blockchain access control policy - core network network element LAF access control blockchain access control policy - independent node LAF transparent blockchain access control policy - application function node LAF proxy blockchain access control policy - access network equipment LAF access control surface

[0473] For another example, please refer to Table 3 below, which is another example of a blockchain establishment log provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Table 3 below, the first column indicates the type of node, the second column indicates the required configuration for the node, and the third column indicates the actual completion of the required configuration. It is understood that Table 3 is only for illustration and example, and may include at least one row in Table 3.

[0474] Table 3

[0475]

[0476] In the embodiments of the present application, the communication network is combined with the blockchain to realize the direct creation and management of the blockchain by the communication network. For example, taking the decentralized public key infrastructure (DKPI) service as an example, the operator's administrator (i.e., the second node) can send the DPKI chain building demand to LAF. After LAF parses the demand, it decides which nodes to deploy DPKI on and in what mode these nodes are deployed. Therefore, LAF publishes a first message to these nodes to configure the nodes to become blockchain nodes. Through the embodiment of the present application, LAF can automatically parse the blockchain creation needs of the demander, comprehensively manage the infrastructure of the communication network blockchain, and shield the underlying communication network blockchain details for the demander, providing the demander with a more convenient blockchain creation / management service.

[0477] The following is a detailed description of the process of sending a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information in the above step S401 in combination with Figures 5 and 6, wherein the blockchain establishment requirement information in Figure 5 includes policy information, and the blockchain establishment requirement information in Figure 6 includes identification information of the first node.

[0478] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of a process flow of a method for creating a blockchain provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5, the method for creating a blockchain includes S501 to S502. Among them:

[0479] S501. LAF obtains the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node according to the policy information in the blockchain establishment requirement information.

[0480] In one implementation, LAF obtains the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node according to the policy information in the blockchain establishment requirement information. It can be understood that LAF obtains the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node from the information locally stored by LAF according to the policy information. In other words, the information related to the first node can be stored by LAF itself. For example, when the type of the first node is an independent node, since the independent node is an entity that does not exist in the existing communication network, the information of the independent node can be saved by LAF itself.

[0481] It is understandable that the identification information of any first node can be used to uniquely identify the first node. Exemplarily, when the type of the first node is a terminal device, the identification information of the first node can be a user permanent identification (SUPI) information, a device ID, or an international mobile equipment identity (IMEI), etc., which is not limited here. When the type of the first node is an access network device, the identification information of the first node can be a physical cell identifier (PCI), a cell global identity (CGI), or a device ID, etc., which is not limited here. When the type of the first node is a core network element, the identification information of the first node can be a fully qualified domain name (FQDN), or a uniform resource identifier (URI), or a network function ID, etc., which is not limited here. When the type of the first node is an application function node, the identification information of the first node can be an FQDN, or a URI, etc., which is not limited here. When the type of the first node is an independent node, the identification information of the first node may be an FQDN, or a URI, or a node ID, etc., which is not limited here.

[0482] In another implementation, the above-mentioned LAF obtains the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node according to the policy information in the blockchain establishment demand information. It can be understood that: LAF sends a first query request to the fourth node, and the first query request includes policy information. Correspondingly, the fourth node receives the first query request from LAF, and then the fourth node can obtain the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node according to the first query request including policy information, and then feedback a first response message to LAF, wherein the first response message carries the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node. The following describes in detail the types of the first node, namely, terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network network element, independent node, application function node, and edge network node.

[0483] In one example, taking the type of the first node as a terminal device as an example, the above-mentioned LAF obtains the identification information of the network element where the first node is located according to the policy information through the following steps: S1, LAF sends a first query request to the fourth node, and the first query request includes policy information. Correspondingly, the fourth node receives the first query request from LAF, and then the fourth node can obtain the identification information (for example, SUPI) of the first node according to the policy information included in the first query request. S2, the fourth node feeds back a first response message to LAF. Among them, the first response message includes SUPI. S3, LAF sends a second query request to the fifth node. Among them, the second query request includes SUPI. Correspondingly, the fifth node receives the second query request from LAF, and obtains the identification information of the network element (for example, AMF) where the first node is located according to the SUPI included in the second query request. S4, the fifth node feeds back a second response message to LAF. Among them, the second response message includes the identification information of AMF. In one implementation, the fourth node can be specifically a PCF, and the fifth node can be specifically a UDM. Optionally, in another implementation, when the fourth node is a new network element, the fourth node may include relevant information about one or more types of nodes such as terminal devices, access network devices, core network network elements, application function nodes, independent nodes and edge network nodes. For example, the fourth node may be called UTDM, etc., or the fourth node may also be called other names, which are not limited here. In other words, relevant information about terminal devices, access network devices, core network network elements, application function nodes, independent nodes and / or edge network nodes can be unified and summarized into the same network function (i.e., the fourth node, for example, the fourth node can be UTDM), so the terminal device can directly query the AMF where the terminal device is located from the fourth node through policy information.

[0484] In another example, taking the type of the first node as an access network device as an example, the fourth node may specifically be an OAM, or UTDM, etc., which is not limited here.

[0485] It should be noted that when the type of the first node is a terminal device or an access network device, the information of the first node obtained by LAF according to the policy information is the identification information of the network element where the first node is located. For example, the network element where the first node is located may be an AMF, etc., and no limitation is made here.

[0486] When the type of the first node is a core network element or an application function node, the information of the first node obtained by the LAF according to the policy information may be the address information of the first node. For example, the address information of the first node may be an Internet Protocol (IP) address, etc. Optionally, when the type of the first node is a core network element or an application function node, the information of the first node obtained by the LAF according to the policy information may also be the identification information of the first node. For example, the identification information of the first node may be an FQDN, or a URI, etc., which is not limited here.

[0487] In another example, when the type of the first node is a core network element, the fourth node may specifically be an NRF, or a UTDM, etc., which is not limited here.

[0488] In another example, taking the type of the first node as an application function node as an example, the fourth node may specifically be an NEF, or a UTDM, etc., which is not limited here.

[0489] When the type of the first node is an independent node, the information of the first node obtained by the LAF according to the policy information may include whether the current node is idle, the current resource occupancy status, the physical location, the address information (such as IP address), the FQDN and / or URI, etc. Specifically, the fourth node may be UTDM, etc., which is not limited here.

[0490] In another example, when the type of the first node is an edge network node, the fourth node may specifically be a UTDM, etc., which is not limited here.

[0491] S502. The LAF sends a first message to at least one first node based on identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node.

[0492] In some feasible implementations, after the LAF obtains the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node, the LAF may send a first message to at least one first node based on the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node.

[0493] Specifically, when the type of the first node is a terminal device or an access network device, the LAF may send a first message to the first node through a network element (eg, AMF) where the first node is located.

[0494] When the type of the first node is a core network element or an application function node, the LAF may send the first message to the first node via the IP address of the first node, or the LAF may send the first message to the first node via the FQDN or URI.

[0495] When the type of the first node is an independent node, the LAF may send the first message to the first node through the FQDN or the URI.

[0496] Please refer to Figure 6, which is a flow chart of another method for creating a blockchain provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, the method for creating a blockchain includes S601-S602:

[0497] S601. LAF obtains identification information of the first node from the blockchain establishment requirement information.

[0498] That is to say, the blockchain establishment requirement information may directly include the identification information of the first node. For the understanding of the identification information of the first node, please refer to the relevant description in S501, which will not be repeated here.

[0499] S602. The LAF sends a first message to at least one first node based on identification information of the first node.

[0500] In one implementation, the LAF may directly send a first message to at least one first node based on the identification information of the first node. Exemplarily, when the type of the first node is a core network element, the identification information of the first node is a URI, and therefore, the LAF may send the first message to the corresponding core network element according to the URI. In another example, when the type of the first node is an application function node, the identification information of the first node is a URI, and therefore, the LAF may send the first message to the corresponding application function node according to the URI.

[0501] In another implementation, LAF sending a first message to at least one first node based on the identification information of the first node can be understood as: LAF obtains the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node according to the identification information of the first node, and then sends the first message to at least one first node based on the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node.

[0502] Among them, LAF obtains the information of the first node according to the identification information of the first node, which can be understood as: LAF sends a second query request to the fifth node, and the second query request includes the identification information of the first node. Correspondingly, the fifth node receives the second query request from LAF, and then obtains the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node according to the identification information of the first node in the second query request, and then feeds back a second response message to LAF, and the second response message includes the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node. The following is a detailed description of the situations in which the types of the first node are terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network network element, independent node, application function node, and edge network node, respectively.

[0503] Exemplarily, when the type of the first node is a terminal device, the fifth node is a UDM, and the information of the first node obtained according to the identification information of the first node is the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, for example, the network element where the terminal device is located is an AMF.

[0504] Exemplarily, when the type of the first node is an access network device, the fifth node can be OAM, and the information of the first node obtained according to the identification information of the first node is the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, for example, the network element where the access network device is located is AMF.

[0505] Exemplarily, when the type of the first node is a core network element, the fifth node may be an NRF, and the information of the first node obtained according to the identification information of the first node is the address information of the first node, for example, the address information of the core network element is its IP address.

[0506] Exemplarily, when the type of the first node is an application function node, the fifth node may be an NEF, and the information of the first node obtained according to the identification information of the first node is address information of the first node, for example, the address information of the application function node is an IP address.

[0507] Optionally, the LAF itself may also aggregate all information related to the terminal device, access network device, core network element, application function node, independent node and / or edge network node. Therefore, the LAF obtains the identification information of the network element where the first node is located according to the identification information of the first node, or the address information of the first node is an internal implementation of the LAF.

[0508] Optionally, the fifth node may also be a new network element, such as UTDM or may be called other names. The new network element aggregates all relevant information of terminal devices, access network devices, core network network elements, application function nodes, independent nodes and / or edge network nodes.

[0509] It is understandable that in order to make the solutions involved in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 clearer, the following results are further explained with reference to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 .

[0510] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of the blockchain establishment process of multiple node combinations provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, in a blockchain establishment requirement, the blockchain may need to be deployed on multiple types of first nodes, such as terminal devices, access network devices, core network network elements, application function nodes, and one or more nodes in independent nodes. After LAF parses the blockchain establishment requirement information, it needs to interact with other network elements to obtain the information of the above-mentioned first node, such as the identification information of the AMF where the terminal device is located (i.e., AMF ID), the AMF ID where the access network device is located, the address information of the core network network element (e.g., IP address), the address information of the application function node (e.g., IP address), etc. Among them, as shown in Figure 7, the functions of other network elements can follow the standards in 5G, such as storing terminal device information in UDM, storing access network device information in OAM, storing core network network element information in NRF, and storing application function node information in NEF. Since the independent node is an entity that does not exist in the existing communication network, the LAF itself can save the independent node, or other network elements can save the information of the independent node. For the convenience of description, FIG7 mainly takes the LAF saving the information of the independent node as an example for schematic illustration. Specifically:

[0511] 1. Blockchain is deployed on terminal devices:

[0512] LAF requests the UDM for information about the terminal device, which may include the blockchain capability information reported by the terminal device, and / or may include one or more of the following information: the identifier of the AMF where the terminal device is located. Among them, LAF queries the UDM in the following two situations:

[0513] a) When the blockchain establishment requirement information includes the identification information of the terminal device, such as the SUPI information of the terminal device, the LAF queries the UDM for the AMF ID of the terminal device according to the SUPI information, and the UDM returns the AMF ID of the terminal device. Therefore, the LAF can communicate with the terminal device through the AMF, that is, the LAF sends a first message to the terminal device through the AMF and the access network device under the AMF, and receives a first indication message fed back by the terminal device.

[0514] b) When the blockchain establishment requirement information includes policy information, such as a terminal device at a certain location, LAF first queries PCF for the SUPI information of the terminal device at that location, and PCF returns the SUPI information of the terminal device to AMF. Then LAF queries UDM for the AMF ID of the terminal device based on SUPI, and UDM returns the AMF ID of the terminal device. Therefore, LAF can communicate with the terminal device through the AMF, that is, LAF sends a first message to the terminal device through the AMF and the access network device under the AMF, and receives a first indication message fed back by the terminal device.

[0515] 2. Blockchain is deployed on access network equipment:

[0516] LAF requests OAM for information about the access network device, which may include blockchain capability information reported by the access network device, and / or may include one or more of the following information:

[0517] The identification information of the AMF where the access network device is located. Specifically, LAF queries UDM for the AMF ID where the access network device is located based on the identification information (such as PCI) or policy information (such as an access network device at a certain location) of the access network device included in the blockchain establishment demand information. UDM returns the AMF ID where the access network device is located. Therefore, LAF can communicate with the access network device through the AMF, that is, LAF sends a first message to the access network device through the AMF, and receives the first indication message fed back by the access network device.

[0518] 3. In the case where the blockchain is deployed on the core network element, LAF requests the NRF for information about the core network element (for example, querying the NRF through the identification information or policy information of the core network element), which may specifically include the blockchain capability information reported by the core network element, and / or, may also include one or more of the following information: the IP address, FQDN, URI, PLMN to which the core network element belongs, and other information of the core network element. Among them, LAF may send a first message to the core network element via the IP address, and receive a first indication message fed back by the core network element. Optionally, LAF may also directly send a first message to the core network element via the identification information (for example, FQDN, or URI) of the core network element, and receive a first indication message fed back by the core network element.

[0519] 4. When the blockchain is deployed on the application function node, LAF queries NEF for application function node information (for example, querying NEF through the identification information or policy information of the application function node), which may specifically include the blockchain capability information reported by the application function node, and / or, may also include one or more of the following information: the IP address, FQDN, URI of the application function node, and information such as the third-party enterprise corresponding to the application function node. Among them, LAF may send a first message to the application function node through the IP address or location, and receive a first indication message fed back by the application function node. Optionally, LAF may also directly send a first message to the application function node through the identification information (such as FQDN, or URI) of the application function node, and receive a first indication message fed back by the application function node.

[0520] 5. When the blockchain is deployed on an independent node, LAF obtains the information of the independent node through self-inspection (for example, through self-inspection of the identification information or policy information of the independent node), which may specifically include the blockchain capability information of the independent node, and / or, may also include one or more of the following information: the location of the independent node (for example, the physical location of the independent node, which data center / data cloud the independent node is located in, etc.), IP address and other information. Among them, LAF can send a first message to the independent node through the IP address, and receive a first indication message fed back by the independent node. Optionally, LAF can also directly send a first message to the independent node through the identification information of the independent node (for example, FQDN, or URI), and receive a first indication message fed back by the independent node.

[0521] Please refer to Figure 8, which is another schematic diagram of the blockchain establishment process of multiple node combinations provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, in a blockchain establishment requirement, the blockchain may need to be deployed on multiple types of first nodes, such as terminal devices, access network devices, core network network elements, application function nodes, and independent nodes. After LAF parses the blockchain establishment requirement information, it needs to interact with other network elements to obtain the information of the above-mentioned first node. Here, other network elements take a new network element, such as UTDM, as an example. Specifically:

[0522] 1. Blockchain is deployed on terminal devices:

[0523] LAF requests the information of the terminal device from UTDM according to the identification information or policy information of the terminal device included in the blockchain establishment requirement information, which may specifically include the blockchain capability information reported by the terminal device, and / or, may also include one or more of the following information: the identification information of the AMF where the terminal device is located. Among them, LAF can communicate with the terminal device through the AMF, that is, LAF sends a first message to the terminal device through the AMF and the access network device under the AMF, and receives the first indication message fed back by the terminal device.

[0524] 2. Blockchain is deployed on access network equipment:

[0525] LAF requests the information of the access network device from UTDM according to the identification information or policy information of the access network device included in the blockchain establishment requirement information, which may specifically include the blockchain capability information reported by the access network device, and / or, may also include one or more of the following information: the identification information of the AMF where the access network device is located. Among them, LAF can communicate with the access network device through the AMF, that is, LAF sends a first message to the access network device through the AMF, and receives a first indication message fed back by the access network device.

[0526] 3. When the blockchain is deployed on the core network element, LAF requests the core network element information from UTDM based on the identification information or policy information of the core network element included in the blockchain establishment requirement information, which may specifically include the blockchain capability information reported by the core network element, and / or, may also include one or more of the following information: the IP address, FQDN, URI of the core network element, the PLMN corresponding to the core network element, and other information. Among them, LAF may send a first message to the core network element via the IP address, and receive a first indication message fed back by the core network element. Optionally, LAF may also directly send a first message to the core network element via the identification information (such as FQDN, or URI) of the core network element, and receive a first indication message fed back by the core network element.

[0527] 4. When the blockchain is deployed on the application function node, LAF queries the UTDM for the application function node information based on the identification information or policy information of the application function node included in the blockchain establishment requirement information, which may specifically include the blockchain capability information reported by the application function node, and / or, may also include one or more of the following information: the IP address, FQDN, URI of the application function node, the third-party enterprise corresponding to the application function node, and other information. Among them, LAF can send a first message to the application function node via the IP address, and receive a first indication message fed back by the application function node. Optionally, LAF can also directly send a first message to the application function node via the identification information (such as FQDN, or URI) of the application function node, and receive a first indication message fed back by the application function node.

[0528] 5. When the blockchain is deployed on an independent node, LAF queries UTDM for independent node information based on the identification information or policy information of the independent node included in the blockchain establishment requirement information, which may specifically include the blockchain capability information reported by the independent node, and / or, may also include one or more of the following information: information such as the IP address of the independent node. Among them, LAF may send a first message to the independent node via the IP address or location, and receive a first indication message fed back by the independent node. Optionally, LAF may also directly send a first message to the independent node via the identification information (such as FQDN, or URI) of the independent node, and receive a first indication message fed back by the independent node.

[0529] The communication device provided in the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 .

[0530] Please refer to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device shown in Figure 9 can be used to implement some or all of the functions of LAF in the embodiment corresponding to the creation method of the above-mentioned blockchain, or the communication device shown in Figure 9 can be used to implement some or all of the functions of the first node in the embodiment corresponding to the creation method of the above-mentioned blockchain, or the communication device shown in Figure 9 can be used to implement some or all of the functions of the second node in the embodiment corresponding to the creation method of the above-mentioned blockchain, or the communication device shown in Figure 9 can be used to implement some or all of the functions of the fourth node in the embodiment corresponding to the creation method of the above-mentioned blockchain, or the communication device shown in Figure 9 can be used to implement some or all of the functions of the fifth node in the embodiment corresponding to the creation method of the above-mentioned blockchain, or the communication device shown in Figure 9 can be used to implement some or all of the functions of the sixth node in the embodiment corresponding to the creation method of the above-mentioned blockchain.

[0531] As shown in Figure 9, the device may include a transceiver unit 901, a processing unit 902 and / or a storage unit 903. Among them, the processing unit 902 is used to perform data processing. The transceiver unit 901 integrates a receiving unit and a sending unit. The storage unit 903 is used to store data / information, such as blockchain capability information. The transceiver unit 901 can also be called a communication unit. Alternatively, the transceiver unit 901 can also be split into a receiving unit and a sending unit. Optionally, the device also includes a storage unit (not shown in Figure 9), which can be used to store instructions and / or data, and the processing unit 902 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage unit, so that the device implements the actions of the LAF or the first node or the second node or the fourth node or the fifth node or the sixth node in the aforementioned various method embodiments.

[0532] In one implementation, the communication device is a LAF, or a device in a LAF, or a device that can be used in conjunction with a LAF. For example, the LAF can be a core network element or deployed in an access network device, etc., which is not limited here. The communication device can also be a chip system. Among them:

[0533] The transceiver unit 901 is configured to send a first message to at least one first node, where the first message is used to configure the first node as a blockchain node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, and an edge network node; the terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node, the application function node, and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network;

[0534] The transceiver unit 901 is used to receive a first indication message from the at least one first node, where the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is configured successfully.

[0535] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit 901 is further configured to receive blockchain establishment requirement information from the second node;

[0536] The device also includes a processing unit 902;

[0537] When sending the first message to at least one first node, the processing unit 902 is further configured to:

[0538] The transceiver unit 901 sends a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information.

[0539] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes one or more of the following requirements:

[0540] Blockchain structure, block structure, consensus mechanism, demand for throughput, whether the blockchain supports editable functions, access control policy of the blockchain, the number of the first nodes, policy information, identification information of the first node, capabilities of the first node, type of the first node, modes supported by the first node, configuration information corresponding to the first node, and whether the first node can provide a trusted execution environment for blockchain operation.

[0541] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes the policy information; the device further includes a processing unit 902;

[0542] When sending a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information, the processing unit 902 is used to:

[0543] Acquire, according to the policy information, identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node;

[0544] The first message is sent to the at least one first node through the transceiver unit 901 based on the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node.

[0545] In a possible implementation, when acquiring, according to the policy information, identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node, the processing unit 902 is used to:

[0546] Sending a first query request to the fourth node through the transceiver unit 901, where the first query request includes the policy information;

[0547] A first response message from the fourth node is received through the transceiver unit 901, where the first response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node.

[0548] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes identification information of the first node; the device also includes a processing unit 902;

[0549] When sending a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information, the processing unit 902 is used to:

[0550] The transceiver unit 901 sends a first message to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the first node.

[0551] In a possible implementation, when the first message is sent to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the first node, the processing unit 902 is configured to:

[0552] Acquire, according to the identification information of the first node, identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0553] The transceiver unit 901 sends a first message to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node.

[0554] In a possible implementation, when acquiring, according to the identification information of the first node, the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, the processing unit 902 is configured to:

[0555] Sending a second query request to the fifth node through the transceiver unit 901, where the second query request includes identification information of the first node;

[0556] A second response message from the fifth node is received through the transceiver unit 901, where the second response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node.

[0557] In a possible implementation, the network element where the first node is located is an access and mobility management function AMF.

[0558] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first response message includes identification information of the first node; or, the second response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0559] The fourth node is a policy control function PCF, or the fifth node is a unified data management UDM.

[0560] In a possible implementation, the first response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; the second response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0561] The type of the first node is an access network device, and the fourth node or the fifth node is an operation, administration and maintenance OAM; or,

[0562] The type of the first node is a core network element, and the fourth node or the fifth node is a network storage function NRF; or,

[0563] The type of the first node is an application function node, and the fourth node or the fifth node is a network open function NEF.

[0564] In a possible implementation, the processing unit 902 is further configured to:

[0565] The blockchain establishment result is sent to the second node through the transceiver unit 901 according to the first indication message of the at least one first node.

[0566] In a possible implementation, when sending the blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node, the processing unit 902 is further used to:

[0567] Sending a blockchain establishment result and a blockchain establishment log to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node through the transceiver unit 901;

[0568] The blockchain establishment log includes the completion status of the requirements.

[0569] In a possible implementation, the first indication message includes configuration success information or configuration failure information; the blockchain establishment result includes blockchain establishment success or blockchain establishment failure;

[0570] When sending the blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node, the processing unit 902 is used to:

[0571] The blockchain establishment result is sent to the second node through the transceiver unit 901 according to the amount of configuration success information included in the first indication message of the at least one first node.

[0572] In a possible implementation, if the amount of the configuration success information is greater than or equal to a first amount threshold, the blockchain establishment result is that the blockchain is established successfully;

[0573] If the number of the configuration success information is less than the first number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is blockchain establishment failure.

[0574] In a possible implementation, the processing unit 902 is further configured to:

[0575] If the number of the configuration success information is less than the first number threshold, a node that meets the blockchain establishment requirements is reselected and configured as a blockchain node.

[0576] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit 901 is further configured to:

[0577] Blockchain capability information of a plurality of nodes is received, the plurality of nodes including the at least one first node.

[0578] In a possible implementation, the device further includes a storage unit 903;

[0579] After receiving the blockchain capability information of the plurality of nodes, the storage unit 903 or the transceiver unit 901 is used to:

[0580] The storage unit 903 is used to store the blockchain capability information of the multiple nodes; or

[0581] The transceiver unit 901 is used to send the blockchain capability information of the multiple nodes to the sixth node.

[0582] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes modes supported by the node, and the modes include one or more of the following:

[0583] Client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, full node mode; among them:

[0584] The node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals;

[0585] The node in the micro-node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction;

[0586] The node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching a consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block;

[0587] The node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block.

[0588] In a possible implementation, the node in the client mode and the node in the micro-node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment;

[0589] The nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0590] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes at least one of the following capabilities:

[0591] The ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing power, storage capacity, network capacity, security algorithm capacity, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capacity.

[0592] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit 901 is further configured to:

[0593] Sending a second message to a third node, wherein the third node is a successfully configured node among the at least one first node, and the second message is used to revoke the third node as a blockchain node;

[0594] A second indication message is received from the third node, where the second indication message is used to indicate whether the revocation of the third node is successful.

[0595] In another implementation, the communication device is a first node, or a device in the first node, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the first node. Exemplarily, the first node can be a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, an edge network node, etc., which are not limited here. The communication device can also be a chip system. Among them:

[0596] The transceiver unit 901 is used to receive a first message, where the first message is used to configure the first node as a blockchain node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: a terminal device, an access network device, a core network element, an independent node, an application function node, and an edge network node; the terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node, the application function node, and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network;

[0597] The transceiver unit 901 is used to send a first indication message, where the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is configured successfully.

[0598] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit 901 is further configured to:

[0599] Send blockchain capability information.

[0600] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes modes supported by the node, and the modes include one or more of the following:

[0601] Client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, full node mode; among them:

[0602] The node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals;

[0603] The node in the micro-node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction;

[0604] The node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching a consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block;

[0605] The node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block.

[0606] In a possible implementation, the node in the client mode and the node in the micro-node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment;

[0607] The nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0608] In one possible implementation, the blockchain capability information includes at least one of the following capabilities:

[0609] The ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing power, storage capacity, network capacity, security algorithm capacity, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capacity.

[0610] In a possible implementation, the first indication message indicates that the first node is configured successfully;

[0611] The transceiver unit 901 is also used for:

[0612] receiving a second message, where the second message is used to revoke the first node as a blockchain node;

[0613] A second indication message is sent, where the second indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is revoked successfully.

[0614] In another implementation, the communication device is a second node, or a device in the second node, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the second node. The communication device may also be a chip system.

[0615] Processing unit 902, used to determine blockchain establishment requirement information;

[0616] The transceiver unit 901 is used to send the blockchain establishment requirement information.

[0617] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment requirement information includes one or more of the following requirements:

[0618] Blockchain structure, block structure, consensus mechanism, demand for throughput, whether the blockchain supports editable functions, access control policy of the blockchain, the number of first nodes, policy information, identification information of the first node, capabilities of the first node, type of the first node, modes supported by the first node, configuration information corresponding to the first node, and whether the first node can provide a trusted execution environment for blockchain operation.

[0619] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node includes at least one of the following:

[0620] Terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network elements, independent nodes, application function nodes, edge network nodes;

[0621] The terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network.

[0622] In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit 901 is further configured to:

[0623] Receive blockchain creation results; or,

[0624] Receive a blockchain establishment result and a blockchain establishment log, wherein the blockchain establishment log includes the completion status of the requirements.

[0625] In a possible implementation, the blockchain establishment result includes successful blockchain establishment or failed blockchain establishment.

[0626] In a possible implementation, the mode includes one or more of the following:

[0627] Client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, full node mode; among them:

[0628] The node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals;

[0629] The node in the micro-node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction;

[0630] The node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching a consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block;

[0631] The node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block.

[0632] In a possible implementation, the node in the client mode and the node in the micro-node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment;

[0633] The nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities.

[0634] In another implementation, the communication device is a fourth node, or a device in the fourth node, or a device that can be used with the fourth node. Exemplarily, the fourth node can be a core network element in 5G or a newly defined core network element in 6G, etc., which is not limited here. Among them, the communication device can also be a chip system. Among them:

[0635] The transceiver unit 901 is configured to receive a first query request, where the first query request includes policy information, or the first query request includes identification information of a first node;

[0636] The transceiver unit 901 is configured to send a first response message, wherein when the first query request includes policy information, the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node; when the first query request includes identification information of the first node, the first response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0637] Among them, the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network network element, independent node, application function node, edge network node; the terminal equipment, the access network equipment, the core network network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network.

[0638] In a possible implementation, the network element where the first node is located is an access and mobility management function AMF.

[0639] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first query request includes policy information, and the first response message includes identification information of the first node; and the fourth node is a policy control function PCF.

[0640] In a possible implementation, the type of the first node is a terminal device; the first query request includes identification information of the first node, and the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; and the fourth node is a unified data management UDM.

[0641] In a possible implementation, the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node;

[0642] The type of the first node is an access network device, and the fourth node is an operation, administration and maintenance OAM; or,

[0643] The type of the first node is a core network element, and the fourth node is a network storage function NRF; or,

[0644] The type of the first node is an application function node, and the fourth node is a network open function NEF.

[0645] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes a storage unit 903, wherein:

[0646] The transceiver unit 901 is used to receive blockchain capability information of multiple nodes, wherein the multiple nodes include at least one first node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network network element, independent node, application function node, edge network node; the terminal equipment, the access network equipment, the core network network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network;

[0647] The storage unit 903 is used to store the blockchain capability information of the multiple nodes so as to determine the at least one first node for the ledger anchoring function.

[0648] For other possible implementations of the communication device, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the functions of the relevant devices in the method embodiments corresponding to FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0649] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device includes a processor 1010 and an interface circuit 1020. The processor 1010 and the interface circuit 1020 are coupled to each other. It is understood that the interface circuit 1020 can be a transceiver or an input-output interface. Optionally, the communication device may also include a memory 1030 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1010 or storing input data required by the processor 1010 to run the instructions or storing data generated after the processor 1010 runs the instructions.

[0650] When the communication device is used to implement the method in the above method embodiment, the processor 1010 is used to execute the function of the above processing unit 902, and the interface circuit 1020 is used to execute the function of the above transceiver unit 901.

[0651] When the above-mentioned communication device is a chip applied to LAF, the chip implements the function of LAF in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and the chip receives information from other network elements (or entities or nodes); or, the chip sends information to other network elements (or entities or nodes).

[0652] When the communication device is a chip applied to the first node, the chip implements the function of the first node in the method embodiment. The chip receives information from other network elements (or entities or nodes); or the first node chip sends information to other network elements (or entities).

[0653] When the above-mentioned communication device is a chip applied to the second node, the second node chip implements the function of the second node in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and the second node chip receives information from other network elements; or, the second node chip sends information to other network elements (or entities or nodes).

[0654] When the above-mentioned communication device is a chip applied to the fourth node, the chip implements the function of the fourth node in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and the chip receives information from other network elements; or, the chip sends information to other network elements (or entities or nodes).

[0655] When the above-mentioned communication device is a chip applied to the fifth node, the chip implements the function of the fifth node in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and the chip receives information from other network elements; or, the chip sends information to other network elements (or entities or nodes).

[0656] When the above-mentioned communication device is a chip applied to the sixth node, the chip implements the function of the sixth node in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and the chip receives information from other network elements; or, the chip sends information to other network elements (or entities or nodes).

[0657] It is understandable that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a CPU, or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0658] The method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, mobile hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a LAF or a first node or a second node or a fourth node or a fifth node or a sixth node. Of course, the processor and the storage medium can also be present in a LAF or a first node or a second node or a fourth node or a fifth node or a sixth node as discrete components.

[0659] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instruction is loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is executed in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer program or instruction can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted through the computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital versatile disc (DVD); it can also be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state drive (SSD).

[0660] In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or provided for in any logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between the different embodiments are consistent and may be referenced to each other, and the technical features in the different embodiments may be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0661] It is understood that the various numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

[0662] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer execution instructions are stored. When the computer execution instructions are executed, the method executed by the LAF or the first node or the second node or the fourth node or the fifth node or the sixth node in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0663] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the method performed by the LAF or the first node or the second node or the fourth node or the fifth node or the sixth node in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0664] The embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, which includes one or more nodes such as LAF or a first node or a second node or a fourth node or a fifth node or a sixth node. Among them, LAF is used to execute the method executed by LAF in the above method embodiment. The first node is used to execute the method executed by the first node in the above method embodiment. The second node is used to execute the method executed by the second node in the above method embodiment. The fourth node is used to execute the method executed by the fourth node in the above method embodiment. The fifth node is used to execute the method executed by the fifth node in the above method embodiment. The sixth node is used to execute the method executed by the sixth node in the above method embodiment.

[0665] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

[0666] The descriptions of the various embodiments provided in this application can refer to each other, and the descriptions of the various embodiments have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. For the convenience and simplicity of description, for example, the functions of the various devices and equipment provided in the embodiments of this application and the steps of execution can refer to the relevant descriptions of the method embodiments of this application, and the various method embodiments and the various device embodiments can also refer to, combine or quote each other.

[0667] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

A method for creating a blockchain, characterized in that: The method is applied to the ledger anchoring function LAF, including: sending a first message to at least one first node, the first message is used to configure the first node as a blockchain node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network network element, independent node, application function node, edge network node; the terminal equipment, the access network equipment, the core network network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network; receiving a first indication message from the at least one first node, the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is configured successfully. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method also includes: receiving blockchain establishment requirement information from a second node; and sending a first message to at least one first node includes: sending a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The blockchain establishment requirement information includes one or more of the following requirements: blockchain structure, block structure, consensus mechanism, throughput requirement, whether the blockchain supports editable functions, blockchain access control policy, the number of the first nodes, policy information, identification information of the first node, capability of the first node, type of the first node, mode supported by the first node, configuration information corresponding to the first node, and whether the first node can provide a trusted execution environment for blockchain operation. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The blockchain establishment requirement information includes the policy information; the sending of a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information includes: obtaining identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node according to the policy information; sending a first message to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node, or identification information of the first node. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The obtaining, according to the policy information, the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node, includes: sending a first query request to a fourth node, the first query request including the policy information; receiving a first response message from the fourth node, the first response message including the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The blockchain establishment requirement information includes identification information of the first node; sending a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information includes: sending a first message to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the first node. The method according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that The sending of the first message to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the first node includes: obtaining the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node according to the identification information of the first node; sending the first message to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The obtaining of the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, according to the identification information of the first node includes: sending a second query request to a fifth node, the second query request including the identification information of the first node; receiving a second response message from the fifth node, the second response message including the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node. The method according to claim 4 or 5 or 7 or 8, characterized in that The network element where the first node is located is the access and mobility management function AMF. The method according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that The type of the first node is a terminal device; the first response message includes identification information of the first node; or, the second response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or, address information of the first node; the fourth node is a policy control function PCF, or, the fifth node is a unified data management UDM. The method according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that The first response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; the second response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; the type of the first node is an access network device, and the fourth node or the fifth node is operation, administration and maintenance OAM; or, the type of the first node is a core network network element, and the fourth node or the fifth node is a network storage function NRF; or, the type of the first node is an application function node, and the fourth node or the fifth node is a network open function NEF. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that The method also includes: sending a blockchain establishment result to the second node according to a first indication message of the at least one first node. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The sending the blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node includes: sending the blockchain establishment result and the blockchain establishment log to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node; wherein the blockchain establishment log includes the completion status of the requirements. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that The first indication message includes configuration success information or configuration failure information; the blockchain establishment result includes blockchain establishment success or blockchain establishment failure; the sending of the blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node includes: sending the blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the amount of configuration success information included in the first indication message of the at least one first node. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that If the number of the configuration success information is greater than or equal to the first number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is that the blockchain establishment is successful; if the number of the configuration success information is less than the first number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is that the blockchain establishment fails. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that The method also includes: receiving blockchain capability information of a plurality of nodes, the plurality of nodes including the at least one first node. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The method also includes: storing the blockchain capability information of the multiple nodes; or, sending the blockchain capability information of the multiple nodes to a sixth node. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that The blockchain capability information includes the modes supported by the node, and the modes include one or more of the following: client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, and full node mode; wherein: the node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals; the node in the micro node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction; the node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block; the node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The nodes in the client mode and the nodes in the micro node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy or call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report or query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment; the nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy or call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report or query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that The blockchain capability information includes at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that The method also includes: sending a second message to a third node, wherein the third node is a successfully configured node among the at least one first node, and the second message is used to revoke the third node as a blockchain node; and receiving a second indication message from the third node, wherein the second indication message is used to indicate whether the third node is successfully revoked. A method for creating a blockchain, characterized in that: include: The first node receives a first message, where the first message is used to configure the first node as a blockchain node; The type of the first node includes at least one of the following: terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network element, independent node, application function node, edge network node; The terminal device, the access network device, the core network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network; The first node sends a first indication message, where the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is configured successfully. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that The method also includes: the first node sending blockchain capability information. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that The blockchain capability information includes the modes supported by the node, and the modes include one or more of the following: client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, and full node mode; wherein: the node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals; the node in the micro node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction; the node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block; the node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The nodes in the client mode and the nodes in the micro node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy or call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report or query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment; the nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy or call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report or query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that The blockchain capability information includes at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 26, characterized in that The first indication message indicates that the first node is configured successfully; the method also includes: receiving a second message, the second message is used to revoke the first node as a blockchain node; sending a second indication message, the second indication message is used to indicate whether the first node is revoked successfully. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a unit or module for executing the method described in any one of claims 1 to 21, or comprises a unit or module for executing the method described in any one of claims 22 to 27. A communication device, characterized in that: include: One or more processors, one or more transceivers and one or more memories; wherein the one or more memories are used to store computer programs, and the one or more processors and the one or more transceivers are used to execute the computer programs stored in the one or more memories, so that the communication device performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-21, or claims 22-27. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed by a computer, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 21 or claims 22 to 27 is implemented. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises computer program code, and when the computer program code is executed on a computer, the method is implemented as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 21 or claims 22 to 27. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system includes a ledger anchoring function LAF and at least one first node; wherein: the LAF is used to send a first message to the at least one first node, and the first message is used to configure the first node as a blockchain node; the type of the first node includes at least one of the following: terminal equipment, access network equipment, core network network element, independent node, application function node, edge network node; the terminal equipment, the access network equipment, the core network network element, the independent node, the application function node and the edge network node are nodes with blockchain capabilities in the communication network; the at least one first node is used to send a first indication message to the LAF, and the first indication message is used to indicate whether the first node sending the first indication information is configured successfully. The communication system according to claim 32, characterized in that The communication system also includes a second node; wherein: the second node is used to send blockchain establishment requirement information to the LAF; the LAF is used to send a first message to at least one first node, including: the LAF is used to send a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information. The communication system according to claim 33, characterized in that The blockchain establishment requirement information includes one or more of the following requirements: blockchain structure, block structure, consensus mechanism, throughput requirement, whether the blockchain supports editable functions, blockchain access control policy, the number of the first nodes, policy information, identification information of the first node, capability of the first node, type of the first node, mode supported by the first node, configuration information corresponding to the first node, and whether the first node can provide a trusted execution environment for blockchain operation. The communication system according to claim 34, characterized in that The blockchain establishment requirement information includes the policy information or the identification information of the first node; the communication system also includes a fourth node; wherein: the LAF is used to send a first message to at least one first node according to the blockchain establishment requirement information, including: the LAF is used to send a first query request to the fourth node, the first query request includes the policy information, or the first query request includes the identification information of the first node; the fourth node is used to send a first response message to the LAF, wherein, when the first query request includes policy information, the first response message includes the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node; when the first query request includes the identification information of the first node, the first response message includes the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node; the LAF is used to send a first message to the at least one first node based on the identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or the address information of the first node, or the identification information of the first node. The communication system according to claim 35, characterized in that The network element where the first node is located is the access and mobility management function AMF. The communication system according to claim 35 or 36, characterized in that The type of the first node is a terminal device; the first query request includes policy information, and the first response message includes identification information of the first node; and the fourth node is a policy control function PCF. The communication system according to claim 35 or 36, characterized in that The type of the first node is a terminal device; the first query request includes identification information of the first node, and the first response message includes identification information of a network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; the fourth node is a unified data management UDM. The communication system according to claim 35, characterized in that The first response message includes identification information of the network element where the first node is located, or address information of the first node; the type of the first node is an access network device, and the fourth node is operation, administration and maintenance OAM; or the type of the first node is a core network network element, and the fourth node is a network storage function NRF; or the type of the first node is an application function node, and the fourth node is a network exposure function NEF. The communication system according to any one of claims 33 to 39, characterized in that: The LAF is used to send a blockchain establishment result to the second node according to a first indication message of the at least one first node; or, the LAF is used to send a blockchain establishment result and a blockchain establishment log to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node; wherein the blockchain establishment log includes the completion status of the requirements. The communication system according to claim 40, characterized in that The first indication message includes configuration success information or configuration failure information; the blockchain establishment result includes blockchain establishment success or blockchain establishment failure; the LAF is used to send the blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the first indication message of the at least one first node, including: the LAF is used to send the blockchain establishment result to the second node according to the number of configuration success information included in the first indication message of the at least one first node. The communication system according to claim 41, characterized in that If the number of the configuration success information is greater than or equal to the first number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is that the blockchain establishment is successful; if the number of the configuration success information is less than the first number threshold, the blockchain establishment result is that the blockchain establishment fails. The communication system according to any one of claims 32 to 42, characterized in that: The at least one first node is also used to: send blockchain capability information to the LAF. The communication system according to claim 43, characterized in that The LAF is also used to store the blockchain capability information; or, the LAF is also used to send the blockchain capability information to a fourth node; the fourth node stores the blockchain capability information. The communication system according to claim 43 or 44, characterized in that The blockchain capability information includes the modes supported by the node, and the modes include one or more of the following: client mode, micro node mode, light node mode, and full node mode; wherein: the node in the client mode is used to generate transactions or transaction proposals; the node in the micro node mode is used to pre-process the transaction or transaction proposal, and the pre-processing of the transaction or transaction proposal includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; generating a micro-block according to the transaction; the node in the light node mode is used to process the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block, and the processing of the transaction or transaction proposal or the micro-block includes one or more of the following: verifying the transaction or the transaction proposal; executing the transaction proposal to generate a transaction; reaching consensus on the transaction or the micro-block, and generating a complete block based on the transaction or the micro-block; the node in the full node mode includes the functions of the node in the light node mode, and is used to store the complete block. The communication system according to claim 45, characterized in that The nodes in the client mode and the nodes in the micro node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy or call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report or query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, and the ability to provide a trusted execution environment; the nodes in the light node mode and the nodes in the full node mode include at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy or call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report or query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities. The communication system according to claim 43 or 44, characterized in that The blockchain capability information includes at least one of the following capabilities: the ability to deploy, call or execute smart contracts, the ability to report, query or execute transactions, the ability to query blocks, computing capabilities, storage capabilities, network capabilities, security algorithm capabilities, the ability to provide a trusted execution environment, and consensus capabilities. The communication system according to any one of claims 32 to 47, characterized in that: The LAF is used to send a second message to the third node, wherein the third node is a node that is successfully configured among the at least one first node, and the second message is used to revoke the third node as a blockchain node; The third node is used to send a second indication message to the LAF, where the second indication message is used to indicate whether the revocation of the third node is successful.

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