Method for carrying out soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction on saline-alkali spots by utilizing leymus chinensis

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction of saline-alkali spots by using leymus chinensis. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: (1) applying an organic fertilizer to the to-be-improved saline-alkali spot soil, then turning over, then applying an amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, then paving a culture medium, and then digging a seeding ditch; (2) after the step (1) is completed, leymus chinensis seeds are sown in the sowing furrows, and then the leymus chinensis seeds are covered with a culture medium; the culture medium contains coco coir and an organic fertilizer. The invention establishes a saline-alkali spot soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction method. The method has important practical significance for improving the grassland productivity, improving the grassland ecological environment and promoting the healthy development of the leymus chinensis industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology and relates to a method for improving soil and replanting saline-alkali spots by using Leymus chinensis. Background Art

[0002] The pH and electrical conductivity of saline-alkali soil in grasslands are too high, and the soil permeability is extremely poor, so directly planting pasture grass cannot grow.

[0003] The traditional methods of saline-alkali land management are mainly as follows: First, water conservancy projects can reduce soil salinity through irrigation and drainage. Salinized areas are often areas with scarce freshwater resources. Due to water resource restrictions, soda saline-alkali soil is heavy and sticky, and the effect of washing salt with water is not ideal. In addition, the small patch distribution of saline-alkali spots in meadow grasslands makes it difficult to apply it in practice.

[0004] Second, propagation and planting by transplanting. The cost is high, the speed is slow, and the root system of Leymus chinensis has the function of "rooting". After passing through the radius of the nursery soil, it is still easily affected by saline-alkali soil, and the effect is not ideal.

[0005] Third, the physical method, the soil method, is to plant sheepgrass by covering the soil. The soil demand is large, and soil resources are limited, which makes it difficult to implement.

[0006] Fourth, chemical measures, mainly the application of various improvers, etc., have a certain effect on slightly salinized farmland, but the lasting effect is poor and needs to be applied repeatedly. On medium and severe saline-alkali land, the limited improvers are simply a drop in the bucket for the higher salinity in the soil, and it is difficult to achieve improvement effects. Summary of the invention

[0007] The invention aims to provide a method for improving soil and re-vegetating saline-alkali spots by using Leymus chinensis.

[0008] The present invention provides a method for improving soil and revegetating saline-alkali spots, comprising the following steps: (1) Apply organic fertilizer to the saline-alkali soil to be improved, then plow the soil, then apply amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, then lay the cultivation substrate, and then dig the sowing furrow; (2) After completing step (1), sowing Leymus chinensis seeds in the sowing furrow and then covering with a cultivation medium; The cultivation medium contains coconut husk and organic fertilizer.

[0009] The cultivation medium consists of coconut bran and organic fertilizer.

[0010] In the cultivation medium, the volume ratio of coconut bran to organic fertilizer is 1:1.

[0011] The cultivation medium consists of coconut bran, organic fertilizer and loam.

[0012] In the cultivation medium, the volume ratio of coconut bran, organic fertilizer and loam is 2:2:1 respectively.

[0013] The amount of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer applied is 0.02L / m 2 .

[0014] The amount of organic fertilizer applied is 3kg / m 2 .

[0015] The laying thickness of the cultivation substrate is 6-8 cm.

[0016] The covering thickness of the covering cultivation substrate is 0.5-1.0 cm.

[0017] The depth of the sowing furrow is 2 cm.

[0018] The tillage refers to deep tillage (depth of 30 cm).

[0019] When the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is applied, the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is used in the form of an amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution.

[0020] The amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution is obtained by diluting the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer with water to 500 times the volume.

[0021] The amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is applied by drip irrigation.

[0022] Specifically, the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is a liquid preparation.

[0023] Specifically, the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is the following product: Registration No.: Agricultural Fertilizer (2017) Approval No. 6147.

[0024] Specifically, the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is the following product: amino acid ≥ 100g / L, calcium ≥ 30g / L.

[0025] Specifically, the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is the following product: the seller is Tianjin Yuchuan Jinhong Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.

[0026] Specifically, the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is the following product: the manufacturer is Tianjin New Age Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., and the product name is "Antifreeze Foliar Fertilizer (Containing Amino Acid Water-soluble Fertilizer)".

[0027] Specifically, the sowing rate of sheep fescue seeds is 3 kg / mu.

[0028] Specifically, the distance between adjacent sowing furrows is 20 cm.

[0029] The improvement is embodied in at least one of the following (a) to (g): (a) Lowering soil pH; (b) reduce soil electrical conductivity; (c) reduce the exchangeable sodium ion content of soil; (d) Reducing the available phosphorus content in the soil; (e) Increase soil organic carbon content; (f) increasing soil alkaline nitrogen content; (g) Increase the available potassium content in the soil.

[0030] The lowering of soil pH may be lowering soil pH by 8%.

[0031] The 8% reduction is compared with the untreated saline-alkali soil.

[0032] The lowering of soil pH may be lowering the soil pH to below 10 (eg 9.9).

[0033] The lowering of soil pH may be to lower the soil pH from 10.7 to below 10 (eg 9.9).

[0034] The reducing soil electrical conductivity may be reducing soil electrical conductivity by 75%. The 75% reduction was compared to untreated saline-alkali soil.

[0035] The reducing the soil electrical conductivity may be reducing the soil electrical conductivity to below 800 μs / cm (eg 669 μs / cm). The reducing of soil conductivity may be reducing soil conductivity from 2721 µs / cm to below 800 µs / cm (eg 669 µs / cm). The reducing the soil exchangeable sodium ion content may be reducing the soil exchangeable sodium ion content by 64%.

[0036] The reduction was 64% compared to the untreated saline-alkali soil.

[0037] The reducing the soil exchangeable sodium ion content may be reducing the soil exchangeable sodium ion content to below 3566 mg / kg.

[0038] The reducing the soil exchangeable sodium ion content may be reducing the soil exchangeable sodium ion content from 9780 mg / kg to below 3566 mg / kg.

[0039] Reducing the available phosphorus content in the soil can reduce the available phosphorus content in the soil by 47%.

[0040] The 47% reduction was compared to the untreated saline-alkali soil.

[0041] Reducing the available phosphorus content in the soil may be reducing the available phosphorus content in the soil to below 32 mg / kg.

[0042] Reducing the available phosphorus content in the soil can reduce the available phosphorus content in the soil from 61 mg / kg to below 32 mg / kg.

[0043] Improving soil organic carbon content can increase soil organic carbon content by 80%.

[0044] The increase of 80% is compared with the untreated saline-alkali soil.

[0045] Increasing the soil organic carbon content may be increasing the soil organic carbon content to above 9 g / kg.

[0046] Increasing the soil organic carbon content may be increasing the soil organic carbon content from 5 g / kg to above 9 g / kg.

[0047] Increasing the soil alkaline nitrogen content can increase the soil alkaline nitrogen content by 66%.

[0048] The increase was 66% compared to the untreated saline-alkali soil.

[0049] Increasing the soil alkaline nitrogen content may be increasing the soil alkaline nitrogen content to above 73 mg / kg.

[0050] Increasing the soil alkaline nitrogen content may be increasing the soil alkaline nitrogen content from 44 mg / kg to above 73 mg / kg.

[0051] Increasing the available potassium content in soil can increase the available potassium content in soil by 225%.

[0052] The increase of 225% is compared with the untreated saline-alkali soil.

[0053] Increasing the available potassium content in the soil may be to increase the available potassium content in the soil to above 438 mg / kg.

[0054] Increasing the available potassium content in the soil may increase the available potassium content in the soil from 135 mg / kg to above 438 mg / kg.

[0055] The invention also provides a cultivation medium, which consists of coconut bran and organic fertilizer, and the volume ratio of the coconut bran to the organic fertilizer is 1:1.

[0056] The invention also provides a cultivation medium, which consists of coconut bran, organic fertilizer and loam, and the volume ratio of the coconut bran, organic fertilizer and loam is 2:2:1 respectively.

[0057] The invention also provides application of the cultivation matrix in soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction of saline-alkali spots.

[0058] The volume of any of the above coconut chaff is based on the coconut chaff foam.

[0059] Specifically, the coconut bran foam is obtained by soaking coconut bran in water.

[0060] Specifically, the coconut bran foam is obtained by soaking coconut bran in water for 15 minutes.

[0061] Coconut peat is coconut shell fiber powder.

[0062] Coco peat is the fibrous material from the outer shell of coconut.

[0063] Coconut bran is the by-product of coconut fiber extraction from coconut shells. It is a coconut fiber material produced through crushing, washing and high-temperature sterilization. In order to facilitate transportation, coconut bran is usually compressed into coconut bricks.

[0064] Specifically, the coconut bran product can be in the form of coconut bricks.

[0065] Coconut bricks are compressed coconut husks into brick shapes.

[0066] Exemplarily, the method for preparing the cultivation substrate is: putting coconut bricks into a net bag, then soaking them in water for 15 minutes, then rinsing the net bag containing the coconut brick foam with running water for 2-3 minutes, and then mixing the coconut brick foam with organic fertilizer in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0067] Exemplarily, the method for preparing the cultivation substrate is: put the coconut bricks into a net bag, then soak them in water for 15 minutes, then rinse the net bag containing the coconut brick foam with running water for 2-3 minutes, and then mix the coconut brick foam, organic fertilizer and loam in a volume ratio of 2:2:1.

[0068] Specifically, the loam is loam obtained from farmland.

[0069] Specifically, the pH value of the loam is 6-7, and the electrical conductivity is 300-500µs / cm.

[0070] Specifically, the pH value of the loam is 6.28, and the electrical conductivity is 430µs / cm.

[0071] Specifically, any of the above-mentioned sheepgrass is Leymus chinensis.

[0072] Specifically, the quality control standard for sheepgrass seeds is "germination rate above 60%, purity above 80%".

[0073] In the method, the survival rate of Leymus chinensis is above 70%.

[0074] In the method, the survival rate of Leymus chinensis is above 74%.

[0075] In the method, the survival rate of Leymus chinensis is above 90%.

[0076] The present invention also protects the application of any of the above methods in grassland management.

[0077] The salt-alkali spots are salt-alkali spots on grasslands.

[0078] Specifically, any of the above-mentioned soils is surface soil.

[0079] Topsoil: soil at a depth of 0-20 cm from ground level.

[0080] Specifically, the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil before improvement was 800µs / cm-4000µs / cm and the pH value was 9-11.

[0081] Specifically, any of the above organic fertilizers is decomposed sheep dung or decomposed cow dung.

[0082] The grassland may be a degraded grassland.

[0083] The grassland may be a lowland meadow.

[0084] The grassland may be a grassland in Inner Mongolia.

[0085] The grassland may be the grassland in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia.

[0086] The grassland can be Chenbaerhu Banner, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia The grassland may be the grassland of Huhedaobugacha, Chenbaerhu Banner, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia.

[0087] The grassland may be a grassland with an annual precipitation of 200-300 mm.

[0088] The invention establishes a method for improving saline-alkali soil and revegetating the soil, and has important practical significance for increasing grassland productivity, improving grassland ecological environment, and promoting the healthy development of the chinensis industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the examples provided are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than for limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples provided below can be used as a guide for further improvements by those of ordinary skill in the art, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention in any way.

[0090] The experimental methods in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods, and are carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, can all be obtained from commercial sources. Unless otherwise specified, the quantitative tests in the following embodiments are set up for three repeated experiments, and the results are averaged. Topsoil: soil at a depth of 0-20 cm from the ground level. Row spacing: the distance between adjacent sowing furrows. Seed purity refers to the percentage of the weight of normal seeds in a certain amount of seeds to the total weight (including impurities other than normal seeds). The sheep grass seeds used in the embodiment are Chinese sheep grass seeds. The quality control standard of sheep grass seeds is "germination rate of more than 60%, purity of more than 80%". The organic fertilizer used in the embodiment is decomposed sheep manure. Fulvic acid: Beijing Bowei Shennong Co., Ltd. Bacillus subtilis (powder, number of viable bacteria ≥ 100 billion / g): Beihai Yiqiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Trichoderma harzianum (powder, number of viable bacteria ≥ 1 billion / g): Beihai Yiqiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Loam: Loam obtained from farmland in Hailar District, Inner Mongolia (pH 6.28, conductivity 430µs / cm). The numerical values ​​in the examples are mean ± standard error. Microsoft Excel 2021 software was used to analyze the data. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences between different treatments ( P <0.05).

[0091] Amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution is obtained by diluting amino acid water-soluble fertilizer with water to 500 times the volume. Amino acid water-soluble fertilizer (liquid preparation): the seller is Tianjin Yuchuan Jinhong Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.; the manufacturer is Tianjin New Age Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., the product name is "Antifreeze Foliar Fertilizer (Containing Amino Acid Water-soluble Fertilizer)"; registration certificate number: Agricultural Fertilizer (2017) No. 6147; main technical indicators: amino acid ≥ 100g / L, calcium ≥ 30g / L.

[0092] Salt-alkali patch: a patchy area in the grassland where no grass grows, with a surface soil conductivity of 800µs / cm-4000µs / cm and a pH of 9-11. Causes of salt-alkali patch: Natural grasslands, usually low-lying wetland meadows, have a redistribution of water and salt due to the fact that evaporation is greater than precipitation, groundwater moves up and down, and the heterogeneity of the soil causes a redistribution of water and salt, forming new patches of soluble salts on the soil surface. The salt (alkali) content in the soil in the patches increases to a level that is sufficient to hinder the normal growth of forage, resulting in a decrease in forage biological production and a decrease in grassland utilization performance.

[0093] Soil sampling method: In the unplanted area, take the surface soil from the three vertices of an equilateral triangle with a side length of 60 cm and mix them to obtain one soil sample.

[0094] Huhedaobugacha, Chenbaerhu Banner, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia (119°52´E, 49°36´N): The average annual temperature is 0℃, and the annual precipitation is 200-300mm; the grassland vegetation type is low-lying wetland meadow (the grassland is used for mowing), and the area of ​​saline-alkali spots accounts for about 10% of the grassland area.

[0095] Embodiment 1, Experimental location: Huhedaobugacha, Chenbaerhu Banner, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia.

[0096] Seven treatments were set up at the experimental site, each targeting three saline-alkali patches (three replicates, each with an area of ​​2-6 m 2 ). The 7 treatments were named treatment 1 to treatment 7. 1. July 7, 2023 - July 9, 2023 will be handled separately.

[0097] Treatment 1: Dig furrows (depth of 2 cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing rate of 3 kg / mu; row spacing of 20 cm), then cover with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness of 0.5-1.0 cm), and then lay straw mats.

[0098] Treatment 2: Apply organic fertilizer (application amount is 1000kg / mu), then deep plowing (depth is 30cm), then trenching (depth is 2cm), then sowing sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount is 3kg / mu; row spacing is 20cm), then covering with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness is 0.5-1.0cm), and then laying straw mats.

[0099] Treatment 3: Apply organic fertilizer (application amount is 2000kg / mu), then deep plowing (depth is 30cm), then trenching (depth is 2cm), then sowing sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount is 3kg / mu; row spacing is 20cm), then covering with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness is 0.5-1.0cm), and then laying straw mats.

[0100] Treatment 4: Apply organic fertilizer (application amount is 1000kg / mu), then dig trenches (depth is 10cm), then cover the trenches with sand (sand covering thickness is 3-4cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount is 3kg / mu; row spacing is 20cm), then cover with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness is 0.5-1.0cm), and then lay straw mats. Treatment 5: Apply organic fertilizer (application amount is 1000kg / mu), then dig trenches (depth is 10cm), then cover the trenches with sand fungus complex (thickness is 3-4cm; the sand fungus complex is composed of sand and Bacillus subtilis, and the application amount of Bacillus subtilis is 1kg / mu), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount is 3kg / mu; row spacing is 20cm), then cover with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness is 0.5-1.0cm), and then lay straw mats.

[0101] Treatment 6: Apply organic fertilizer (application amount is 1000kg / mu), then dig trenches (depth is 10cm), then cover the trenches with sand fungus complex (thickness is 3-4cm; the sand fungus complex is composed of sand and Trichoderma harzianum, and the application amount of Trichoderma harzianum is 1kg / mu), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount is 3kg / mu; row spacing is 20cm), then cover with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness is 0.5-1.0cm), and then lay straw mats.

[0102] Treatment 7: Apply organic fertilizer (application amount is 1000kg / mu), then cover with sand (sand covering thickness is 5cm), then deep plowing (depth is 30cm), then dig furrows (depth is 2cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount is 3kg / mu; row spacing is 20cm), then cover with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness is 0.5-1.0cm), and then lay straw mats.

[0103] In the above process, trenching refers to digging a sowing trench, and the sheepgrass seeds are sown in the sowing trench.

[0104] In the above treatment, the saline-alkali soil is the soil dug out by trenching.

[0105] 2. From July 9, 2023 to August 5, 2023, water will be replenished twice in case of drought.

[0106] 3. The straw curtains will be removed on August 5, 2023.

[0107] 4. On August 25, 2023, the height of the aboveground part of the plants was measured (3 plants were randomly selected for each treatment and the average was taken) and the survival rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1 (mean ± standard error of 3 replicates).

[0108] Method for calculating survival rate: Randomly measure 100 cm continuously along the sowing furrow (this 100 cm is the test section), subtract all a values ​​in the test section from the total length of the test section (100 cm) (without subtracting b values), and get the c value (in cm); a value and b value are the distances between adjacent surviving plants, both in cm, a value>10, b value≤10; survival rate = percentage of c value in the total length of the test section. For example: Plant A and Plant B are adjacent surviving plants with a plant spacing of 12 cm, then the a value is 12; for example, Plant C and Plant D are adjacent surviving plants with a plant spacing of 8 cm, then the b value is 8; when calculating the c value, subtract 12 cm from 100 cm, not 8 cm. Three data are counted at different locations for each saline-alkali spot, and the average value is taken.

[0109] 5. On September 30, 2023, one soil sample was collected from each saline-alkali spot for soil physical and chemical property analysis. Indicators for soil physical and chemical property analysis: exchangeable cation (sodium) content, pH value, and electrical conductivity. The data of each indicator for each treatment are shown in Table 2 (mean ± standard error of 3 replicates).

[0110] In Tables 1 and 2, different lowercase letters represent significant differences (P<0.05), and the same lowercase letters represent insignificant differences (P>0.05). Treatment 1 did not emerge. The survival rates of treatments 2 and 3 were less than 12%, and the growth was slow. Although the survival rates of treatments 4, 5, and 6 were higher than those of other treatments, they were still lower than 50%, and the surviving plants grew slowly due to saline-alkali stress. The survival rate of treatment 7 was only 22%. From the perspective of soil indicators, the application of organic fertilizers significantly reduced the exchangeable sodium ion content and soil conductivity of the soil, but the pH was still higher than 9.5, which made it difficult for Leymus chinensis to germinate and grow. Although the survival rates of treatments 4, 5, and 6 were higher than those of other treatments, the soil test indicators did not change significantly compared with other treatments, mainly because the test soil was taken from where Leymus chinensis was not sown. The deep trenching and sand covering treatment effectively blocked the influence of salt and alkali during the seed germination stage, but the roots passing through the sand layer during the growth stage were also subject to saline-alkali stress. Although the mixed organic fertilizer and sand treatment significantly reduced the pH value and conductivity, the survival rate was still very low and the engineering workload was large.

[0111] Table 1

[0112] Table 2

[0113] Embodiment 2, In September 2023, soil was collected from the saline-alkali patch of Huhedaobugacha, Chenbaerhu Banner, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia, which is saline-alkali soil, and brought back to the laboratory. Plastic flower pot: 30 cm in diameter, 22 cm in height, with water permeable holes at the bottom.

[0114] The group processing time is April 17, 2024.

[0115] Treatment A (3 flower pots): Mix the organic fertilizer and saline-alkali soil and put them into the flower pots to 5 cm from the top of the flower pots (the content of organic fertilizer in each flower pot is 0.21 kg, and the amount for field use is 2000 kg / mu according to the surface area of ​​the flower pot), then add fulvic acid solution (the fulvic acid solution is a solution obtained by dissolving and diluting fulvic acid with water; the amount added to each flower pot is 2.1 g, and the amount for field use is 20 kg / mu according to the surface area of ​​the flower pot), then dig trenches (depth of 1 cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (100 seeds in each flower pot), and cover with saline-alkali soil (the thickness of the covering soil is 1 cm).

[0116] Treatment B (3 flower pots): Mix the organic fertilizer and saline-alkali soil and put them into the flower pots to 5 cm from the top of the flower pots (the content of organic fertilizer in each flower pot is 0.21 kg, and the amount for field use is 2000 kg / mu according to the surface area of ​​the flower pot), then add amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution (calculated as amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, the amount added to each flower pot is 1.4 ml, and the amount for field use is 13.34 L / mu according to the surface area of ​​the flower pot), then dig trenches (depth of 1 cm), then sow sheep grass seeds (100 seeds in each flower pot), and cover with saline-alkali soil (the thickness of the covering soil is 1 cm). Treatment C (3 flower pots): Mix the organic fertilizer and saline-alkali soil and put them into the flower pots to 5 cm from the top of the flower pots (the content of organic fertilizer in each flower pot is 0.21 kg, and the field dosage is 2000 kg / mu according to the surface area of ​​the flower pot), then dig a trench (depth of 6 cm), cover the trench with sand (sand thickness of 3 cm), then sow sheep fescue seeds (100 seeds in each flower pot), and cover with saline-alkali soil (soil thickness of 1 cm).

[0117] Treatment D (3 flower pots): Mix the organic fertilizer and saline-alkali soil and put them into the flower pots to 5 cm from the top of the flower pots (the content of organic fertilizer in each flower pot is 0.21 kg, and the amount for field use is 2000 kg / mu according to the surface area of ​​the flower pot), then add fulvic acid solution (the fulvic acid solution is a solution obtained by dissolving and diluting fulvic acid with water; the amount added to each flower pot is 2.1 g, and the amount for field use is 20 kg / mu according to the surface area of ​​the flower pot), then dig a trench (depth of 6 cm), cover the trench with sand (sand covering thickness of 3 cm), then sow Leymus chinensis seeds (100 seeds in each flower pot), and cover with saline-alkali soil (soil covering thickness of 1 cm).

[0118] Treatment E (3 flower pots): Mix the organic fertilizer and saline-alkali soil and put them into the flower pots to 5 cm from the top of the flower pots (the content of organic fertilizer in each flower pot is 0.21 kg, and the amount for field use is 2000 kg / mu according to the surface area of ​​the flower pot), then add amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution (calculated as amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, the amount added to each flower pot is 1.4 ml, and the amount for field use is 13.34 L / mu according to the surface area of ​​the flower pot), then dig trenches (depth of 6 cm), cover the trenches with sand (sand covering thickness of 3 cm), then sow sheep grass seeds (100 seeds in each flower pot), and cover with saline-alkali soil (soil covering thickness of 1 cm).

[0119] Processing CK S (3 flower pots): Fill the flower pots with saline-alkali soil to 5 cm from the top of the flower pot, then dig trenches (depth of 1 cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (100 seeds per flower pot), and cover with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness of 1 cm).

[0120] Processing CK N (3 pots): Fill the pots with loam to 5 cm from the top of the pots, then make trenches (1 cm deep), then sow leymus seeds (100 seeds per pot), and cover with loam (1 cm thick).

[0121] In the above process, trenching refers to digging a sowing trench, and the sheepgrass seeds are sown in the sowing trench.

[0122] The sowing date was defined as day 1, and water was supplemented during droughts between day 1 and day 30.

[0123] On the 31st day, the emergence of seedlings was recorded and the height of the aboveground part of the plant was counted. The results are shown in Table 3. The combination of fulvic acid and organic fertilizer did not achieve emergence, while the emergence rate was 22.67% after the combination of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer and organic fertilizer. The emergence rate of deep trenching and sand covering after the combination of fulvic acid and organic fertilizer was 7.67%, while the emergence rate of deep trenching and sand covering after the combination of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer and organic fertilizer was 62.67%. Amino acid water-soluble fertilizer plays an important role in improving saline-alkali soil and increasing the emergence rate of Leymus chinensis. At the same time, deep trenching and sand covering can reduce saline-alkali stress in the seedling stage, thereby increasing the emergence rate. Its growth rate is still lower than that of Leymus chinensis in loam soil.

[0124] Table 3

[0125] Embodiment 3, Experimental location: Huhedaobugacha, Chenbaerhu Banner, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia.

[0126] Test plot: 21 saline-alkali patches in the test site. One soil sample was taken from each saline-alkali patch for soil physical and chemical property analysis. Indicators for soil physical and chemical property analysis: conductivity, pH value, organic carbon content, alkaline nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, available potassium content, exchangeable cation (sodium) content. Randomly grouped, 3 saline-alkali patches as 1 group (3 replicates), a total of 7 groups. The data of various indicators of each group are shown in Tables 4 and 5. There were no significant differences in the data of various indicators of the 7 groups of saline-alkali patches.

[0127] Table 4

[0128] Table 5

[0129] 1. From June 26, 2024 to June 29, 2024, they will be handled separately.

[0130] Treatment method for group 1: application of organic fertilizer (application amount was 3kg / m 2 ), then deep plowing (depth of 30cm), and then drip irrigation of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution (in terms of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, the application amount is 0.02L / m 2 ), then dig furrows (depth of 2cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount is 3kg / mu; row spacing is 20cm), and then cover with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness is 0.5-1.0cm).

[0131] Treatment method for group 2: application of organic fertilizer (application amount was 3kg / m 2 ), then deep plowing (depth of 30cm), and then drip irrigation of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution (in terms of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, the application amount is 0.02L / m 2 ), then dig furrows (depth of 2cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount is 3kg / mu; row spacing is 20cm), then cover with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness is 0.5-1.0cm), and then spread fallen leaves (thickness is 1cm; fallen leaves are collected from surrounding parks one year before the experiment).

[0132] Treatment method for group 3: application of organic fertilizer (application amount was 3kg / m 2 ), then deep plowing (depth of 30cm), and then drip irrigation of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution (in terms of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, the application amount is 0.02L / m 2 ), then dig furrows (depth of 2cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount is 3kg / mu; row spacing is 20cm), then cover with saline-alkali soil (covering thickness is 0.5-1.0cm), and then lay straw mats (thickness is 1cm).

[0133] Treatment method for group 4: application of organic fertilizer (application amount was 3kg / m 2 ), then deep plowing (depth of 30cm), and then drip irrigation of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution (in terms of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, the application amount is 0.02L / m 2 ), then dig a ditch (depth of 10cm), then cover the ditch with sand (sand thickness of 3-4cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount is 3kg / mu; row spacing is 20cm), then cover with saline-alkali soil (soil thickness is 0.5-1.0cm), and then lay straw mats (thickness of 1cm).

[0134] Treatment method for group 5: application of organic fertilizer (application amount was 3kg / m 2 ), then deep plowing (depth of 30cm), and then drip irrigation of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution (in terms of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, the application amount is 0.02L / m 2 ), then spread the coconut brick organic fertilizer mixture (thickness of 6-8cm), then dig a ditch (depth of 2cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount of 3kg / mu; row spacing of 20cm), and then cover the coconut brick organic fertilizer mixture (thickness of 0.5-1.0cm). Preparation method of coconut brick organic fertilizer mixture: put the coconut brick into a net bag, then soak it in water for 15 minutes, then rinse the net bag containing the coconut brick foam with running water for 2-3 minutes, and then mix the coconut brick foam with organic fertilizer in a volume ratio of 1:1, which is the coconut brick organic fertilizer mixture.

[0135] Treatment method for group 6: application of organic fertilizer (application amount was 3kg / m 2 ), then deep plowing (depth of 30cm), and then drip irrigation of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution (in terms of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, the application amount is 0.02L / m 2 ), then spread the coconut brick organic fertilizer loam mixture (thickness of 6-8cm), then dig a ditch (depth of 2cm), then sow sheepgrass seeds (sowing amount of 3kg / mu; row spacing of 20cm), and then cover the coconut brick organic fertilizer loam mixture (thickness of 0.5-1.0cm). Preparation method of coconut brick organic fertilizer loam mixture: put the coconut brick into a net bag, then soak it in water for 15 minutes, then rinse the net bag containing the coconut brick foam with running water for 2-3 minutes, and then mix the coconut brick foam, organic fertilizer and loam in a volume ratio of 2:2:1, which is the coconut brick organic fertilizer loam mixture.

[0136] Treatment of Group 7 (CK): No treatment.

[0137] In the above process, trenching refers to digging a sowing trench, and the sheepgrass seeds are sown in the sowing trench.

[0138] In the above treatment, the saline-alkali soil is the soil dug out by trenching.

[0139] Coconut brick: Weifang Shangxin Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd.

[0140] 2. From June 29, 2024 to August 25, 2024, water should be added twice in case of drought. If straw mats are used as part of the treatment method, the straw mats should be removed on August 8.

[0141] 3. On August 25, 2024, the height of the aboveground part of the plants was measured (3 plants were randomly selected for each treatment to measure the plant height and the average value was taken) and the survival rate was calculated (the method is shown in step 4 of Example 1). The results are shown in Table 6. The survival rates of Group 5 and Group 6 were significantly higher than those of other groups. Compared with Group 5, the survival rate of Group 6 was higher because the mixing of loam could increase the specific gravity of the covering material and reduce the impact of wind erosion to a certain extent.

[0142] 4. On September 10, 2024, one soil sample was taken from each saline-alkali spot of Group 6 and Group 7 for soil physical and chemical property analysis. When sampling soil samples, Group 6 needs to remove the covering to expose the saline-alkali spot soil and then take samples. Indicators for soil physical and chemical property analysis: conductivity, pH value, organic carbon content, alkaline nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, available potassium content, and exchangeable cation (sodium) content. The results are shown in Tables 7 and 8. Compared with CK, the soil conductivity and pH value of Group 6 were significantly reduced, the organic carbon content was significantly increased, the available phosphorus content and exchangeable sodium ion content were significantly reduced, and the alkaline nitrogen content and available potassium content were significantly increased. The results show that the treatment method of Group 6 has a positive regulatory effect on plant growth and soil.

[0143] Table 6

[0144] Table 7

[0145] Table 8

[0146] Note: The testing methods for various indicators of soil physical and chemical properties analysis are as follows: Detection of exchangeable cation (sodium) content: LY / T1246-1999 "Determination of exchangeable potassium and sodium in forest soils".

[0147] Detection pH value: NY / T 1121.2-2006 "Soil Testing Part 2: Determination of Soil pH".

[0148] Conductivity detection: HJ 802-2016 "Electrode method for determination of soil conductivity".

[0149] Detection of organic carbon content: NY / T 1121.6-2006 "Soil Testing Part 6: Determination of Soil Organic Matter", organic carbon is the organic matter content divided by 1.724.

[0150] Detection of alkaline nitrogen content: F-HZ-DZ-TR-0051 (FHZDZTR0051) "Determination of hydrolyzable nitrogen in soil by alkaline diffusion method".

[0151] Detection of available phosphorus content: NY / T 1121.7-2014 "Soil Testing Part 7: Determination of Available Phosphorus in Soil".

[0152] Detection of available potassium content: NY / T 889-2004 "Determination of available potassium and slow-release potassium content in soil".

[0153] The present invention has been described in detail above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented in a wide range under equivalent parameters, concentrations and conditions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and without the need for unnecessary experimentation. Although the present invention provides specific embodiments, it should be understood that further improvements may be made to the present invention. In short, according to the principles of the present invention, this application intends to include any changes, uses or improvements to the present invention, including changes made by conventional techniques known in the art that depart from the scope disclosed in this application. Applications of some of the basic features may be made within the scope of the following appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction on saline-alkali spots, comprising the following steps: (1) Apply organic fertilizer to the saline-alkali soil to be improved, then plow the soil, then apply amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, then lay the cultivation substrate, and then dig the sowing furrow; (2) After completing step (1), sowing Leymus chinensis seeds in the sowing furrow and then covering with a cultivation medium; The cultivation medium contains coconut husk and organic fertilizer.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer applied is 0.02L / m 2 .

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The amount of organic fertilizer applied is 3kg / m 2 .

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The laying thickness of the cultivation substrate is 6-8 cm.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The covering thickness of the covering cultivation substrate is 0.5-1.0 cm.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The depth of the sowing furrow is 2 cm.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The improvement is embodied in at least one of the following (a) to (g): (a) Lowering soil pH; (b) reduce soil electrical conductivity; (c) reduce the exchangeable sodium ion content of soil; (d) Reducing the available phosphorus content in the soil; (e) Increase soil organic carbon content; (f) increasing soil alkaline nitrogen content; (g) Increase the available potassium content in the soil.

8. The cultivation medium is (a) or (b) as follows: (a) A cultivation medium comprising coconut bran and organic fertilizer, wherein the volume ratio of coconut bran to organic fertilizer is 1:1; (b) A cultivation medium consisting of coconut bran, organic fertilizer and loam, wherein the volume ratio of coconut bran, organic fertilizer and loam is 2:2:1 respectively.

9. Use of the cultivation substrate according to claim 8 in soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction of saline-alkali spots.

10. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in grassland management.

Images