Soil improvement method suitable for photovoltaic power generation field in high and cold gobi area

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly provides a photovoltaic power generation field soil improvement method suitable for a high and cold gobi area. According to the method, the base material is laid on the pretreated soil firstly, then corresponding plant combinations are selected for mixed sowing according to habitat types of different areas, and finally regular irrigation and maintenance are performed, so that the water and fertilizer retention performance of the soil of the photovoltaic power generation field in the alpine and dry gobi desert area of the Tibet Plateau can be effectively improved; through comprehensive application of biological blankets, organic matter addition, microbial agent regulation and land covering technologies, the water and fertilizer retention performance of soil is improved, soil improvement and ecological restoration are promoted, and collaborative development of a power generation system and the ecological environment is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular relates to a soil improvement method for photovoltaic power generation fields suitable for use in high-altitude Gobi areas. Background Art

[0002] The Gobi region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau suffers from extreme climatic conditions, including high altitude, drought, and strong radiation, resulting in poor soil quality, low organic matter content, and poor water-holding capacity, severely hindering vegetation restoration. In recent years, the construction of large-scale solar and wind power generation systems has brought new opportunities for energy development, but it has also posed numerous challenges to the local ecological environment, particularly vegetation. The construction of photovoltaic power stations and wind farms has altered the local climate and soil habitat, resulting in a decrease in vegetation species diversity and coverage, which is detrimental to maintaining the functional diversity of desert grassland ecosystems.

[0003] Currently, soil improvement technologies for solar and wind power generation systems in the region are still incomplete. Effective methods that comprehensively consider the local "three highs" (high cold, high altitude, and high radiation) climate conditions and the characteristics of vegetation and soil are lacking. Existing technologies are inadequate in selecting suitable plant species, optimizing vegetation placement, and improving soil to promote vegetation growth, making it difficult to achieve the coordinated development of power generation systems and the ecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues with existing technologies, the present invention provides a soil improvement method for photovoltaic power plants in high-altitude Gobi regions. This method utilizes ecological mats, organic fertilizers, and microbial agents to improve soil in different areas of the photovoltaic power plant, effectively enhancing soil water and fertilizer retention. Furthermore, the method selects suitable plant species and optimizes vegetation configuration to promote soil improvement and achieve the coordinated development of power generation and ecology.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: A soil improvement method for photovoltaic power generation fields in high-altitude Gobi areas, comprising the following steps: (1) Soil pretreatment; (2) Laying the substrate on the pretreated soil; (3) Select plant combinations for mixed planting; (4) Regular irrigation and maintenance.

[0006] In step (1), the soil is pre-treated by leveling the target area, removing gravel, and plowing the soil. Preferably, the soil is plowed to a depth of 20-30 cm.

[0007] In step (2), the substrate is any one of an ecological blanket layer, an organic fertilizer layer and a microbial agent layer.

[0008] The ecological blanket is a coconut fiber ecological blanket, and the thickness of the coconut fiber ecological blanket is ≥5mm and the porosity is ≥60%.

[0009] The organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, the organic matter content of the decomposed sheep manure is ≥40%, and the application amount is 3-5 kg / m².

[0010] The microbial agent is one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria or Bacillus subtilis; preferably, the microbial agent is a composite agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinosa and Bacillus licheniformis in a mass ratio of (3-5): (2-4): (2-4), the three bacteria have complementary functions, Bacillus subtilis is the basic functional bacteria (organic matter decomposition + microecological stabilization), the proportion of which should be dominant, at 3-5 parts; Bacillus gelatinosa (phosphate solubilization + water retention) and Bacillus licheniformis (stress resistance) are synergistic functional bacteria, the proportion of which can be fine-tuned according to the local soil phosphorus content and the degree of drought (for example, in phosphorus-deficient areas, Bacillus gelatinosa can be increased to 3-4 parts, and in extremely arid areas, Bacillus licheniformis can be increased to 3-4 parts), thereby ensuring the stability of the core functions and enhancing the adaptability to microhabitat differences.

[0011] The effective viable bacteria count of the composite microbial agent is ≥2×10 8 CFU / g, the water dilution ratio is 300-500 times, and the application amount is 50-100 g / m².

[0012] In step (3), the plant combination is selected from a combination of any four plants selected from alfalfa, wheat grass, Astragalus membranaceus, Kentucky bluegrass, Fescue, and Rhizoma Cistanches.

[0013] The sowing density of the mixed sowing is 25-35g / m².

[0014] The plant combination includes 1-2 parts by weight of alfalfa, 1-2 parts by weight of wheatgrass, 1-2 parts by weight of Astragalus membranaceus, 1-1.5 parts by weight of bluegrass, 1-2 parts by weight of fescue, and 1-1.5 parts by weight of oxtail sedge. This is because: (1) Legumes (alfalfa and Astragalus membranaceus) are the core of soil nitrogen improvement and should be in a dominant proportion to meet the needs of improving poor soils; (2) Gramineae / shrubs (wheatgrass, fescue, bluegrass, and oxtail sedge) are responsible for windbreak and sand fixation and rapid coverage. Their proportion is slightly lower to avoid competing with legumes for resources while ensuring the stability of the vegetation community.

[0015] In step (4), the irrigation is carried out once a week with a water volume of 5-10 L / m², and the maintenance is continued for 3 months.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a soil improvement method for photovoltaic power plants in high-altitude Gobi regions. By first laying a substrate on the pretreated soil, then selecting corresponding plant combinations for mixed sowing according to the habitat types of different regions, and finally performing regular irrigation and maintenance, the soil water and fertilizer retention performance of photovoltaic power plants in the Gobi region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau can be effectively improved, soil improvement and vegetation restoration can be promoted, and the coordinated development of power generation and ecology can be achieved. Experiments have shown that after restoration using the method of the present invention, the soil moisture content is relatively increased by up to 17.85% (compared to before restoration). In summary, the method of the present invention is applicable to soil improvement and ecological restoration in plateau Gobi regions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents involved in the specific embodiments of the present invention are commercially available products and can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0019] Example 1 This embodiment provides a soil improvement method for photovoltaic power generation fields applicable to high-altitude Gobi areas, comprising the following steps: (1) Soil pretreatment: level the target area, remove gravel, and till the soil to a depth of 20-30 cm; (2) Laying a coconut fiber ecological blanket as a base material on the pretreated soil, with a thickness of ≥5 mm and a porosity of ≥60%; (3) Divide the above area into 15 small areas, and select corresponding plant combinations for mixed sowing, as shown in Table 1. The plant combination is selected from any four plants of alfalfa, wheatgrass, Astragalus, Kentucky bluegrass, Festuca australis, and Rhizoma Cistanches. The mixing ratio of the four plants is 1:1:1:1, and the sowing density is 25-35g / m²; (4) Regular irrigation and maintenance: irrigate once a week at a water rate of 5-10 L / m² for three consecutive months. The test results of the improved soil's organic matter, moisture content, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and vegetation coverage are shown in Table 1.

[0020] Example 2 This embodiment provides a soil improvement method for photovoltaic power generation fields applicable to high-altitude Gobi areas, comprising the following steps: (1) Soil pretreatment: level the target area, remove gravel, and till the soil to a depth of 20-30 cm; (2) Laying a base organic fertilizer layer on the pretreated soil. The organic fertilizer is evenly spread decomposed sheep manure, wherein the organic matter content is ≥40%, and the application amount is 3-5 kg / m²; (3) Divide the above area into 15 small areas, and select corresponding plant combinations for mixed sowing, as shown in Table 1. The plant combination is selected from any four plants of alfalfa, wheatgrass, Astragalus, Kentucky bluegrass, Festuca australis, and Rhizoma Cistanches. The mixing ratio of the four plants is 1:1:1:1, and the sowing density is 25-35g / m²; (4) Regular irrigation and maintenance: irrigate once a week at a water rate of 5-10 L / m² for three consecutive months. The test results of the improved soil's organic matter, moisture content, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and vegetation coverage are shown in Table 1.

[0021] Example 3 This embodiment provides a soil improvement method for photovoltaic power generation fields applicable to high-altitude Gobi areas, comprising the following steps: (1) Soil pretreatment: level the target area, remove gravel, and till the soil to a depth of 20-30 cm; (2) Laying a base microbial agent layer on the pretreated soil, wherein the microbial agent is a composite microbial agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinus, and Bacillus licheniformis in a mass ratio of 4:3:3, wherein the effective viable bacteria count is ≥ 2×10 8 CFU / g, water dilution ratio is 300-500 times, application rate is 50-100 g / m²; (3) Divide the above area into 15 small areas, and select corresponding plant combinations for mixed sowing, as shown in Table 1. The plant combination is selected from any four plants of alfalfa, wheatgrass, Astragalus, Kentucky bluegrass, Festuca australis, and Rhizoma Cistanches. The mixing ratio of the four plants is 1:1:1:1, and the sowing density is 25-35g / m²; (4) Regular irrigation and maintenance: irrigate once a week with a water volume of 5-10L / m² for 3 consecutive months.

[0022] The soil moisture content before and after soil remediation is shown in Table 1, and the increase rate of soil moisture content after remediation is calculated using the formula: (soil moisture content after remediation - soil moisture content before remediation) * 100% / soil moisture content before remediation.

[0023] Table 1 - Performance test results of soil improvement using different schemes From Table 1, we can see that the comprehensive scheme of "organic fertilizer treatment" combined with "alfalfa + adansonia sinensis + fescue + smilax glabra" can be adopted. After the soil is improved by this scheme, the soil moisture content is 15.98%, a relative increase of 17.85%, which is the best effect.

[0024] The soil improvement method for photovoltaic power plants in high-altitude Gobi regions, described in this invention, involves first applying a substrate to pretreated soil, then interseeding a mix of plants tailored to the habitat type of each region, and finally implementing regular irrigation and maintenance. This method effectively improves soil water and fertilizer retention in photovoltaic power plants in the Gobi region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, promoting soil improvement and vegetation restoration, and achieving the coordinated development of power generation and ecology. Experiments have shown that soil moisture content increased by as much as 17.85% (compared to pre-remediation) after restoration using this method. In summary, the method is suitable for ecological restoration in high-altitude Gobi regions.

Claims

1. A soil improvement method for photovoltaic power generation fields in high-altitude Gobi areas, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Soil pretreatment; (2) Laying the substrate on the pretreated soil; (3) Select plant combinations for mixed planting; (4) Regular irrigation and maintenance.

2. The method for improving soil in photovoltaic power plants suitable for use in high-altitude Gobi areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the soil pretreatment is as follows: leveling the target area, removing gravel and plowing the soil.

3. According to the soil improvement method for photovoltaic power plants in high-altitude Gobi areas as described in claim 2, in step (2), the substrate is any one of an ecological blanket layer, an organic fertilizer layer and a microbial agent layer.

4. The soil improvement method for photovoltaic power generation fields applicable to high-altitude cold Gobi areas according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ecological blanket is a coconut fiber ecological blanket, and the thickness of the coconut fiber ecological blanket is ≥5mm and the porosity is ≥60%.

5. The soil improvement method for photovoltaic power generation fields applicable to high-altitude Gobi areas according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, the organic matter content of the decomposed sheep manure is ≥40%, and the application amount is 3-5 kg / m².

6. The soil improvement method for photovoltaic power generation fields applicable to high-altitude cold Gobi areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microbial agent is one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria or Bacillus subtilis; preferably, the microbial agent is a composite agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus gelatinosa and Bacillus licheniformis in a mass ratio of (3-5): (2-4): (2-4), and the effective viable count of the microbial agent is ≥ 2×10 8 CFU / g, the water dilution ratio is 300-500 times, and the application amount is 50-100g / m².

7. The method for improving soil in photovoltaic power plants suitable for use in high-altitude Gobi areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (3), the plant combination is selected from a combination of any four plants selected from alfalfa, wheat grass, Astragalus membranaceus, Kentucky bluegrass, Fescue, and Rhizoma Cistanches.

8. The method for improving soil in photovoltaic power plants in alpine Gobi regions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sowing density of the mixed sowing is 25-35g / m².

9. The method for improving soil in photovoltaic power plants in high-altitude Gobi areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the plant combination, 1-2 weight parts of alfalfa, 1-2 weight parts of wheat grass, 1-2 weight parts of Astragalus membranaceus, 1-1.5 weight parts of bluegrass, 1-2 weight parts of fescue, and 1-1.5 weight parts of oriole are used. The plant combination is a combination of any four of the above.

10. The soil improvement method for photovoltaic power generation fields applicable to high-altitude cold Gobi areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the irrigation is carried out once a week with a water volume of 5-10 L / m², and the maintenance is continued for 3 months.

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