A low-loss rate threshing mechanism for a combine harvester

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-loss threshing mechanism for a combine harvester. It relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, including: the de-awning component includes a de-awning disc and a de-awning plate, the de-awning discs are relatively arranged between the feeding screw and the disc, each of the de-awning discs is provided with a plurality of mounting plates, the plurality of mounting plates are evenly distributed on the de-awning disc in a circular pattern, the de-awning plate is arranged between two opposite mounting plates, each of the de-awning plates is provided with rubber teeth on the side away from the de-awning disc, and each of the de-awning plates is provided with de-awning clamps on both sides adjacent to the rubber teeth. The present invention ensures that highland barley can enter evenly and stably by providing a feeding screw, thereby improving the threshing effect; by providing the de-awning component, the rubber teeth on the de-awning plate and the de-awning clamp cooperate to effectively increase the impact and rubbing effect on the highland barley, thereby achieving a better threshing effect and reducing the threshing loss rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and more particularly to a low-loss rate threshing mechanism for a combine harvester. Background Art

[0002] Highland barley is a staple food crop and the primary source of feed in highland pastoral areas. Its awns are harder, and its kernels are more adherent, requiring stronger striking force or more effective separation methods during threshing.

[0003] Investment in agricultural machinery and agronomic research and development for highland barley is low, and mechanized harvesting presents numerous challenges. Imported wheat combine harvesters fail to meet the technological requirements for mechanized highland barley harvesting. Direct use of imported wheat combine harvesters can lead to increased harvest losses, primarily due to header (grain and ear drop) losses and threshing and cleaning (entrainment) losses. Header losses primarily occur during the harvesting process when crops fall over and when the machinery and equipment do not match the agronomic requirements of the crop. Threshing and cleaning losses primarily arise from a mismatch between the threshing and cleaning structure and motorized mechanism parameters and the agronomic state of the crop.

[0004] At present, farmers and herdsmen mostly harvest highland barley in sections. They use backpack harvesters to cut the barley, and then manually bundle the barley and stack it on the spot or transport it to the field. They use wheat combine harvesters or threshers to thresh the barley. The harvesting or collection is all done manually or with small machinery. The labor intensity and efficiency of the entire harvesting process are low, which cannot reflect the high efficiency of mechanized production. Since the physical properties of highland barley are significantly different from those of wheat, and there are also obvious differences in appearance characteristics, the existing combine harvesters have a high loss rate during use. The above conditions have restricted the improvement of the benefits of highland barley planting and the overall mechanized production level of highland barley.

[0005] The existing barley harvesting equipment has problems such as insufficient threshing of the ear heads, incomplete husk cleaning, and large losses of ear grains and straw. The existing harvesting machinery has high labor intensity and low operating efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide a low-loss rate threshing mechanism for a combine harvester with better threshing effect and reduced threshing loss rate is a problem that those skilled in the art urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a low-loss rate threshing mechanism for a combine harvester, aiming to solve one of the problems in the above-mentioned background technology, achieve better threshing effect, and reduce the threshing loss rate.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A low-loss threshing mechanism for a combine harvester comprises a rolling main shaft, a feeding screw sleeved from front to back along the feeding direction of the rolling main shaft, an awn removal assembly, two spaced and correspondingly arranged webs, and a plurality of threshing assemblies mounted between the two webs and arranged in a circular array, each threshing assembly comprising an elongated conversion roller and a plurality of element groups mounted on the conversion roller, each element group comprising N different threshing elements, where N is ≥ 2.

[0010] All the threshing elements included in the same element group are radially staggered at equal angles on the conversion roller;

[0011] The de-awning assembly includes a de-awning width disk and a de-awning plate. The two de-awning width disks are relatively arranged between the feeding screw and the width disk. Each of the de-awning width disks is provided with a plurality of mounting plates. The plurality of mounting plates are evenly distributed on the de-awning width disk in a circle. The de-awning plate is arranged between the two opposite mounting plates. Each of the de-awning plates is provided with rubber teeth on the side away from the de-awning width disk. Each of the de-awning plates is provided with de-awning card plates on both sides adjacent to the rubber teeth.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a conversion component, which includes a mounting ring and a conversion motor. The mounting ring is arranged on the side where the two webs are away from each other, and the conversion motor sleeve is provided at both ends of each conversion roller. The side of each conversion motor away from the conversion roller is fixed to the mounting ring through a connecting screw, and each conversion roller is rotatably arranged between the two conversion motors.

[0013] Furthermore, the de-awning component also includes a fan roller and a fan, and the fan roller is sleeved on the rolling main shaft located between the two de-awning plates. A plurality of fans are provided, and the plurality of fans are evenly distributed on the fan roller in a circular shape, and the plurality of fans are provided corresponding to the de-awning plates.

[0014] Furthermore, N=4, and the staggered angle between two adjacent threshing elements in the same element group on the conversion roller is 90°.

[0015] Furthermore, the threshing elements in the same element group are respectively spike teeth, grain rods, plate teeth and cylinders.

[0016] Furthermore, the column includes a contact head and a contact column.

[0017] Furthermore, a power access is provided on the web away from the feeding screw.

[0018] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a low-loss rate threshing mechanism for a combine harvester. By setting a feeding screw, it can ensure that the barley can enter evenly and stably. The uniform feeding can avoid excessive local threshing load, improve the threshing effect, and also reduce the breakage rate of the grains. By setting an awn removal component, the rubber teeth on the awn removal plate and the awn removal card plate cooperate to effectively increase the impact and rubbing effect on the barley, making it easier to separate the awn stalks and the grains compared to the general threshing drum. By setting the mounting plates to be evenly distributed around the circumference, the threshing space is increased to a certain extent, and the residence time of the barley is prolonged while also increasing the number of contacts between the barley and the awn removal plate, thereby achieving low-loss rate threshing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a low-loss threshing mechanism for a combine harvester provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the low-loss rate threshing mechanism for a combine harvester provided by the present invention (from another perspective);

[0022] Figure 3 A front view of the low-loss rate threshing mechanism for a combine harvester provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A side view of the low-loss rate threshing mechanism for a combine harvester provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a threshing assembly provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram (column) of the threshing element conversion provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the threshing element conversion provided by the present invention (grain rod);

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the threshing element conversion provided by the present invention (plate teeth);

[0028] Figure 9 A schematic structural diagram of the threshing element conversion provided by the present invention (spike teeth).

[0029] Among them: 1 is the rolling main shaft; 2 is the feeding bolt; 3 is the de-awning assembly; 31 is the de-awning disc; 32 is the de-awning plate; 33 is the mounting plate; 34 is the rubber tooth; 35 is the de-awning card plate; 36 is the fan roller; 37 is the fan; 4 is the disc; 5 is the threshing assembly; 51 is the conversion roller; 52 is the nail tooth; 53 is the grain rod; 54 is the plate tooth; 55 is the column; 6 is the conversion assembly; 61 is the mounting ring; 62 is the conversion motor; 63 is the connecting screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1-9 The embodiment of the present invention discloses a low-loss threshing mechanism for a combine harvester, comprising a rolling main shaft 1, a feeding screw 2 sequentially sleeved from front to back along the feeding direction of the rolling main shaft 1, an awn removing component 3, two spaced-apart webs 4, and a plurality of threshing components 5 arranged in a circular array between the two webs 4, each threshing component 5 comprising a long strip-shaped conversion roller 51 and a plurality of element groups mounted on the conversion roller 51, each element group comprising N different threshing elements, N ≥ 2; the feeding screw 2 ensures that highland barley can enter the threshing drum evenly and stably, and the uniform feeding can avoid excessive local threshing load, improve the threshing effect, and also reduce the grain breakage rate;

[0032] All threshing elements included in the same element group are radially staggered at equal angles on the conversion roller 51;

[0033] The awn removing assembly 3 includes an awn removing width disk 31 and an awn removing plate 32. The awn removing width disk 31 is relatively arranged between the feeding screw 2 and the width disk 4. Each awn removing width disk 31 is provided with a plurality of mounting plates 33. The plurality of mounting plates 33 are evenly distributed on the awn removing width disk 31 in a circular manner. The awn removing plate 32 is arranged between the two opposite mounting plates 33. Each awn removing plate 32 is provided with rubber teeth 34 on the side away from the awn removing width disk 31, and each awn removing plate 32 is provided with awn removing clamping plates 35 on both sides adjacent to the rubber teeth 34. By setting the awn removing assembly 3, the rubber teeth 34 on the awn removing plate 32 and the awn removing clamping plates 35 cooperate to effectively increase the impact and rubbing effect on the barley, making it easier to separate the awn stalks and the grains compared with the general threshing drum. By setting the mounting plates 33 evenly distributed in a circular manner, the threshing space is increased to a certain extent, and the residence time of the barley is prolonged while also increasing the number of contacts between the barley and the awn removing plate 32, thereby achieving threshing with a low loss rate.

[0034] In this embodiment, a conversion component 6 is also included, which includes a mounting ring 61 and a conversion motor 62. The mounting ring 61 is arranged on the side where the two webs 4 are away from each other. Both ends of each conversion roller 51 are provided with a conversion motor 62 set. The side of each conversion motor 62 away from the conversion roller 51 is fixed to the mounting ring 61 by a connecting screw 63. Each conversion roller 51 is rotatably arranged between the two conversion motors 62; the conversion roller 51 is driven to rotate by the conversion motor 62 to adjust the position of the threshing element on the conversion roller 51.

[0035] In this embodiment, the de-awning component 3 also includes a fan roller 36 and a fan 37. The fan roller 36 is mounted on the rolling main shaft 1 located between the two de-awning discs 31. A plurality of fans 37 are provided. The plurality of fans 37 are evenly distributed on the fan roller 36 in a circular shape, and the plurality of fans 37 are provided corresponding to the de-awning plates 32. By setting the fan 37 to blow air on the de-awning plates 32, impurities and debris generated during the threshing process can be removed in time, thereby reducing pollution and damage to the grains and improving the cleanliness and quality of the grains.

[0036] In this embodiment, N=4, and the staggered angle between two adjacent threshing elements in the same element group on the conversion roller 51 is 90°.

[0037] In this embodiment, the threshing elements in the same element group are respectively spike teeth 52, rib rods 53, plate teeth 54 and cylinders 55; the spike teeth 52 and plate teeth 54 threshing elements thresh by beating, and stir the barley grains during the threshing process, making the threshing process more thorough, which is suitable for barley varieties with loose grains and easy to thresh; according to the maturity and moisture content of the barley grains, the threshing elements are adjusted by the conversion motor 62, and the non-outward threshing elements in the element group are in an idle state.

[0038] In this embodiment, the column 55 includes a contact head and a contact column; the contact head and the contact column are made of flexible materials. When they come into contact with the barley grains, the threshing area is larger, the contact with the barley is softer, and the grain breakage rate is relatively low. It can ensure the threshing and separation effect and loss rate while reducing the barley breakage rate to a minimum.

[0039] In this embodiment, a power connection is provided on the web 4 away from the feed screw 2; the power can be driven by a sprocket.

[0040] In addition, in this embodiment, when the device performs threshing operations, the threshing elements used for the barley grains can all be the same, for example, plate teeth 54, or a combination of multiple threshing elements can be used, for example, the column 55 and the spike teeth 52 are staggered outward for threshing, which has a better threshing effect and reduces the threshing loss rate.

[0041] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0042] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A low-loss threshing mechanism for a combine harvester, comprising a rolling spindle, a feed screw sleeved in sequence from front to back along the feeding direction of the rolling spindle, an awn removal assembly, two spaced-apart webs, and a plurality of threshing assemblies mounted between the webs and arranged in a circular array, each threshing assembly comprising an elongated transfer roller and a plurality of element groups mounted on the transfer roller, each element group comprising N different threshing elements, where N is ≥ 2. All the threshing elements included in the same element group are radially staggered at equal angles on the conversion roller; Its characteristics are: The de-awning assembly includes a de-awning width disk and a de-awning plate, wherein two de-awning width disks are arranged opposite to each other between the feeding screw and the width disk, each of the de-awning width disks is provided with a plurality of mounting plates, and the plurality of mounting plates are evenly distributed on the de-awning width disk in a circumferential manner, and the de-awning plate is arranged between the two opposite mounting plates, and each of the de-awning plates is provided with rubber teeth on a side away from the de-awning width disk, and each of the de-awning plates is provided with de-awning clamping plates on both sides adjacent to the rubber teeth; The machine further comprises a conversion assembly, the conversion assembly comprising a mounting ring and a conversion motor, the mounting ring being arranged on a side of the two webs away from each other, the conversion motor sleeve being arranged at both ends of each conversion roller, the side of each conversion motor away from the conversion roller being fixed to the mounting ring via a connecting screw, and each conversion roller being rotatably arranged between the two conversion motors; The de-awning component also includes a fan roller and a fan. The fan roller is sleeved on the rolling main shaft located between the two de-awning plates. A plurality of fans are provided. The fans are evenly distributed on the fan roller in a circle, and the fans are provided corresponding to the de-awning plates.

2. A low-loss threshing mechanism for a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: N=4, and the staggered angle between two adjacent threshing elements in the same element group on the conversion roller is 90°.

3. A low-loss threshing mechanism for a combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The threshing elements in the same element group are respectively spike teeth, rib rods, plate teeth and cylinders.

4. A low-loss threshing mechanism for a combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The column includes a contact head and a contact column.

5. The low-loss threshing mechanism for a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power connection is provided on the web away from the feed screw.

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