Method for staged control of yellow moss outbreak based on growth cycle rule

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for staged control of yellow moss outbreak based on a growth cycle rule, and belongs to the technical field of yellow moss prevention and control. The method comprises the following steps: in March to April, regulating and controlling the water level of a lake area to inhibit photosynthesis and growth of yellow moss, and harvesting yellow moss-submerged plant symbionts in a target area to reduce the quantity of underwater yellow moss; in May, grass-algae co-treatment is achieved by controlling the number of pollutants entering the lake, reducing nutrient supply of yellow moss, repairing ecological balance of water in the lake area and reducing the growth advantage of the yellow moss; in June to September, monitoring is enhanced, a yellow moss gathering area is salvaged and cleaned in time, nutrients in water are removed, the water quality of the lake area is purified, and growth of yellow moss is inhibited. The invention discloses a method for staged control of yellow moss outbreak based on a growth cycle rule, and the method starts from the growth rule of yellow moss, effectively delays the yellow moss outbreak time, weakens or avoids large-area yellow moss outbreak and water surface aggregation, and reduces the treatment cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of yellow moss prevention and control, and specifically relates to a method for controlling yellow moss outbreaks in stages based on growth cycle rules. Background Art

[0002] "Yellow moss" is an algae bloom formed by the massive proliferation and floating aggregation of filamentous algae such as transitional algae and water cotton in the Chlorophyta. It is a major water ecological environment problem faced by shallow lakes in northern my country. Wuliangsuhai is one of the lakes in northern my country with the most typical and serious outbreak of "yellow moss". Its growth cycle can be divided into three stages: the germination period from March to April, when it grows on submerged plants in the form of epiphytic algae; the growth period in May, when spores gradually gather into larger clumps and float to the surface as they mature; the floating reproduction period from June to September, when algae grow rapidly on the water surface and turn from green to yellow after being exposed to sunlight, forming "yellow moss". This outbreak will consume a large amount of oxygen in the water, reduce underwater light, and seriously threaten the survival of underwater animals and plants, especially causing the extinction of submerged plants and triggering phytoplankton blooms. At the same time, the decay of a large number of plant residues will also aggravate the swamping process of the lake, causing serious damage to the ecological habitat and fishery resources of Wuliangsuhai, and the safety and health of the water ecological environment will be severely challenged.

[0003] At present, the main treatment measures for yellow moss include increasing ecological water replenishment to dilute pollutants, using algae removal boats for mechanical fishing, and degrading algae through biological agents to precipitate. However, these single measures have many shortcomings: ecological water replenishment significantly increases the water resource cost in water-scarce areas in the north, mechanical fishing is slow and costly, and biological agents may cause secondary pollution. Therefore, a phased control technology based on the growth cycle of "yellow moss" is needed to effectively delay the outbreak time of yellow moss, weaken or even eliminate its large-scale outbreak and surface aggregation, and significantly reduce the cost of treatment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method for controlling the outbreak of yellow moss in stages based on the law of growth cycle. The method starts from the law of yellow moss growth, effectively delays the outbreak time of yellow moss, weakens or eliminates the large-scale outbreak of yellow moss and the accumulation of yellow moss on the water surface, and reduces the cost of management.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for controlling yellow moss outbreaks in stages based on growth cycle rules, comprising the following steps: S1. In March and April, the yellow moss is in the germination stage and attaches to submerged plants in the form of algae. By regulating the water level of the lake, the photosynthesis and growth of the yellow moss are inhibited, and the number of underwater yellow moss is reduced by harvesting the yellow moss-submerged plant symbionts in the target area; S2. In May, the yellow moss is in a rapid growth period. By controlling the amount of pollutants entering the lake, the nutrient supply of the yellow moss can be reduced. At the same time, by stocking herbivorous fish, the ecological balance of the lake water body can be restored, the growth advantage of the yellow moss can be reduced, and the grass and algae can be controlled together. S3. From June to September, yellow moss is in the floating breeding period. Through enhanced monitoring, the areas where yellow moss gather are promptly salvaged and cleaned up, and the nutrients in the water are removed to purify the water quality of the lake and inhibit the growth of yellow moss.

[0006] Preferably, in step S1, the water level of the lake area is regulated by operating at a high water level, reducing the underwater illumination rate, controlling the water level difference between the leaves of submerged plants and the water surface, and inhibiting the photosynthesis and growth of yellow moss.

[0007] Preferably, the water level difference between the leaves of the submerged plants and the water surface is greater than 75 cm.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the total amount of pollutants entering the lake is controlled by regularly monitoring the water quality entering the lake and adjusting the operating parameters of existing artificial wetlands, oxidation ponds or sewage treatment facilities according to the monitoring results.

[0009] Preferably, in step S2, herbivorous fish are released into the target area to regulate the number of underwater yellow moss and submerged plants, thereby restoring the ecological balance of the lake water.

[0010] Preferably, the stocking density of the herbivorous fish is 0.11-0.25 kg / m2, and the weight of the herbivorous fish is 0.75-1.25 kg / tail.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: (1) The present invention discloses a method for controlling the outbreak of yellow moss in stages based on the law of growth cycle. The method starts from the law of yellow moss growth, effectively delays the outbreak time of yellow moss, weakens or eliminates the large-scale outbreak of yellow moss and the accumulation of yellow moss on the water surface, and reduces the cost of control.

[0012] (2) The present invention not only effectively controls the outbreak of yellow moss, but also reduces the threat of yellow moss outbreaks to underwater animals and plants, protects submerged plants, prevents the formation of phytoplankton blooms, avoids the decay of a large number of plant residues that aggravates the swamping process of the lake, protects the ecological habitat and fishery resources of the lake area, and ensures the safety and health of the water ecological environment.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The following are pictures of the growth of yellow moss on the lake surface before and after the treatment in Example 1, where Figure 1 A in the figure is the picture before treatment. Figure 1 B in the figure is the picture after treatment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments.

[0016] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the common meanings understood by one having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0017] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, other test materials and instruments and equipment are conventional test materials in the art and can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0018] Example 1 This example provides a method for controlling yellow moss outbreaks in stages based on the growth cycle law, comprising the following steps: S1. In March and April, the yellow moss is in the germination period and attaches to Potamogeton and Myriophyllum spicate in the form of epiphytic algae. By operating at a high water level, the underwater light rate is reduced, and the water level difference between the leaves of Potamogeton and Myriophyllum spicate and the water surface is controlled to be more than 75 cm. The water level in the lake area is regulated to inhibit the photosynthesis and growth of the yellow moss. The number of underwater yellow moss is reduced by harvesting the yellow moss-submerged plant symbionts in the target area; S2. In May, the yellow moss is in a rapid growth period. Through regular monitoring of the water quality entering the lake, the existing artificial wetland and other management measures are used according to the monitoring results to control the COD concentration of the water quality entering the lake to ≤30mg / L, the total phosphorus concentration to ≤0.1mg / L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration to ≤1.5mg / L, thereby reducing the nutrient supply of the yellow moss. In the target area, the weight of the stocking is 0.75-1.25kg / tail, and the stocking density is 0.2kg / m 2 Grass carp and silver carp, with grass carp and silver carp stocked in a ratio of 3:4, to regulate the number of underwater yellow moss and submerged plants, restore the ecological balance of the lake water, reduce the growth advantage of yellow moss, and achieve co-control of grass and algae; S3. From June to September, yellow moss is in the floating breeding period. Through enhanced monitoring, the algae-collecting boat is used to salvage and clean up the areas where yellow moss gathers in a timely manner, and the nutrients in the water are removed to purify the water quality of the lake and inhibit the growth of yellow moss.

[0019] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling yellow moss outbreaks in stages based on the growth cycle law, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. In March and April, the yellow moss is in the germination stage and attaches to submerged plants in the form of algae. By regulating the water level of the lake, the photosynthesis and growth of the yellow moss are inhibited, and the number of underwater yellow moss is reduced by harvesting the yellow moss-submerged plant symbionts in the target area; S2. In May, the yellow moss is in a rapid growth period. By controlling the amount of pollutants entering the lake, the nutrient supply of the yellow moss can be reduced. At the same time, by stocking herbivorous fish, the ecological balance of the lake water body can be restored, the growth advantage of the yellow moss can be reduced, and the grass and algae can be controlled together. S3. From June to September, yellow moss is in the floating breeding period. Through enhanced monitoring, the areas where yellow moss gather are promptly salvaged and cleaned up, and the nutrients in the water are removed to purify the water quality of the lake and inhibit the growth of yellow moss.

2. According to claim 1, a method for controlling yellow moss outbreaks in stages based on growth cycle rules, characterized in that: In step S1, the water level of the lake area is regulated by operating at a high water level, reducing the underwater illumination rate, controlling the water level difference between the leaves of submerged plants and the water surface, and inhibiting the photosynthesis and growth of yellow moss.

3. According to claim 2, a method for controlling yellow moss outbreaks in stages based on growth cycle rules, characterized in that: The water level difference between the leaves of the submerged plants and the water surface is more than 75 cm.

4. The method for controlling yellow moss outbreak in stages based on the growth cycle rule according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the total amount of pollutants entering the lake is controlled by regularly monitoring the water quality entering the lake and adjusting the operating parameters of existing artificial wetlands, oxidation ponds or sewage treatment facilities according to the monitoring results.

5. The method for controlling yellow moss outbreak in stages based on the growth cycle rule according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, herbivorous fish are released into the target area to regulate the number of underwater yellow moss and submerged plants, thereby restoring the ecological balance of the lake water.

6. A method for controlling yellow moss outbreaks in stages based on growth cycle rules according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stocking density of the herbivorous fish is 0.11-0.25 kg / m 2 The weight of the herbivorous fish is 0.75-1.25 kg / tail.

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