Surgical instrument

Abstract

The surgical instrument comprises a jaw assembly, a sleeve assembly, an angle steering part, a locking part and a transmission mechanism, and the jaw assembly is rotatably connected with the sleeve assembly through the angle steering part; the sleeve assembly comprises an outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve is connected with the locking piece through a transmission mechanism so as to selectively drive the locking piece. The outer sleeve moves towards the far side to sequentially pass through a first stroke and a second stroke, and when the outer sleeve moves towards the far side in the first stroke, the nail abutting seat rotates to a first preset angle, and the locking piece is driven to move to a locking state; and during the far-side movement in the second stroke, the nail propping seat rotates from a first preset angle to a closed state, moves relative to the locking piece in a non-driving manner, and keeps the locking piece in a locking state. Before the jaw assembly closes and clamps the tissue, the locking piece is in a locking state, that is, no matter what thickness the jaw assembly clamps the tissue, the locking piece can lock the jaw assembly without affecting the outer sleeve to continue to move towards the far side to drive the jaw assembly to be closed at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a surgical instrument. Background Art

[0002] Surgical cutting staplers are commonly used medical instruments to replace manual suturing. Their main working principle is to use a cutting knife to separate tissues and titanium staples to staple them, similar to a stapler. There are many types of staplers according to their suitability for different parts of the body. For surgical cutting staplers, their working principle is to enter the patient's body through the cannula of the puncture device that is precisely positioned at the surgical site, and then make a longitudinal incision in the tissue and apply staples on the opposite side of the incision, thereby separating and staple the tissues.

[0003] The surgical instrument includes a jaw assembly, a sleeve assembly, an angle steering member, a steering drive mechanism and a locking member. The jaw assembly is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly through the angle steering member. When the steering drive mechanism is operated, the jaw assembly is driven to rotate relative to the sleeve assembly to achieve jaw steering. During surgery, medical staff can operate the steering drive mechanism to rotate the jaw assembly to a suitable angle to clamp human tissue. After the jaw assembly rotates to a suitable position, in response to the operation of the medical staff, the sleeve assembly moves a certain distance distally, drives the jaw assembly to close and clamp the tissue, and drives the locking member to lock the angle steering member. In actual surgery, the thickness of the tissue clamped by the jaw assembly is different, resulting in different opening amplitudes of the jaw assembly when the jaw assembly is closed, and different distances of the sleeve assembly moving distally. When the thickness of the clamped tissue is thick, the jaw assembly will be closed, but the angle steering member will not be locked by the locking member, resulting in the jaw assembly swinging and pulling the clamped tissue. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a surgical instrument, wherein when clamping tissues of different thicknesses, the angle turning member is locked by the locking member when the jaw assembly is closed.

[0005] The present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A surgical instrument comprises a jaw assembly, a sleeve assembly, an angle steering member, a locking member and a transmission mechanism, wherein the jaw assembly is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly through the angle steering member; The sleeve assembly includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve sleeved on the inner sleeve, the jaw assembly includes a nail magazine seat and a nail anvil seat rotatably connected to the nail magazine seat, the outer sleeve is connected to the nail anvil seat, and the outer sleeve is connected to the locking member through the transmission mechanism to selectively drive the locking member; When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the jaw assembly is in an open state, and the locking piece is in a separated state, separated from the angle steering piece; in response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve moves distally, passing through a first stroke and a second stroke in sequence, and when the outer sleeve moves distally in the first stroke, the anvil seat rotates to a first preset angle, and the transmission mechanism is in a first state, driving the locking piece to move to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally in the second stroke, the anvil seat rotates from the first preset angle to a closed state, and the transmission mechanism is in a second state, moving non-driven relative to the locking piece, and keeping the locking piece in the locked state.

[0006] Further, the transmission mechanism includes a driving deformable member and a first transmission assembly, the driving deformable member is connected to the first transmission assembly, when the outer sleeve moves distally in the first stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the driving deformable member is in the initial state, the driving deformable member and the first transmission assembly move to drive the locking member to move, and then the transmission mechanism drives the locking member to move to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally in the second stroke, the driving deformable member is deformed to switch from the initial state to the deformation state, and moves non-driven relative to the first transmission assembly, so that the transmission mechanism moves non-driven relative to the locking member, and the locking member remains in the locked state.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving deformable member is connected to the outer sleeve, the first transmission assembly is connected to the locking member, and is connected to the outer sleeve via the driving deformable member.

[0008] Furthermore, the surgical instrument also includes a frame, the first transmission assembly includes a lever portion, a rotating portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the lever portion is connected to the rotating portion and is connected to the frame through the rotating portion, the driving deformation member is located proximal to the first connecting portion and abuts against the first connecting portion to connect the outer sleeve, and the second connecting portion is connected to the locking member.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive deformable member includes a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the outer sleeve, and the second end is connected to the first connecting part. When the outer sleeve moves distally within the second stroke, the second end of the drive deformable member rotates around the first end to switch the drive deformable member to the deformation state.

[0010] Further, in response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve moves from the distal side to the proximal position, and passes through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve moves proximally in the second stroke, the anvil rotates to the first preset angle, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the drive deformation member switches from the deformation state to the initial state, and the transmission mechanism and the locking member move in a non-driving manner, so that the locking member remains in the locked state; When the outer sleeve moves proximally within the first stroke, the dowel seat rotates from the first preset angle to the open state, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, and the transmission mechanism moves to drive the locking member to move to the unlocked state.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism also includes a pullback drive member, which is connected to the outer sleeve and located on the distal side of the first transmission component. When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the pullback drive member abuts against the first transmission component, and in response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to drive the first transmission component, thereby switching the locking member from the locked state to the unlocked state; when the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the pullback drive member is separated from the first transmission component, and in response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to approach the first transmission component.

[0012] Further, the transmission mechanism includes a cam and a first transmission assembly, the cam is connected to the outer sleeve, the cam includes a driving surface and a retaining surface connected to the driving surface, when the outer sleeve moves distally within the first stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the driving surface is connected to the first transmission assembly, the outer sleeve drives the cam to rotate, and the cam drives the first transmission assembly to move through the driving surface, thereby driving the locking member to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally within the second stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the retaining surface is connected to the first transmission assembly, the outer sleeve drives the cam to rotate, and the retaining surface rotates non-driven relative to the movement of the first transmission assembly, so that the transmission mechanism moves non-driven relative to the locking member and keeps the locking member in the locked state.

[0013] Furthermore, the cam includes a center of a circle, the driving surface includes a low point and a high point, the distance between the low point and the center of the circle is smaller than the distance between the high point and the center of the circle, and the distance between each point on the retaining surface and the center of the circle is the same.

[0014] Furthermore, the surgical instrument also includes a frame, the cam is rotatably connected to the frame, the outer sleeve is provided with a driving part, and the cam also includes an extension part, the driving part abuts against the extension part, and when the driving part moves distally with the outer sleeve, the extension part is driven to move, thereby driving the cam to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism further comprises a return spring, one end of which is connected to the cam, and the other end of which is connected to the frame. In response to the operation of the medical staff, when the outer sleeve moves from the distal side to the proximal position, it passes through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve moves proximally in the second stroke, the anvil seat rotates to the first preset angle, and the transmission mechanism is in the second state. The retaining surface abuts against the first transmission assembly, and the return spring drives the cam to rotate. The cam and the first transmission assembly move in a non-driven manner, so that the locking member remains in the locked state. When the outer sleeve moves proximally within the first stroke, the dowel seat rotates from the first preset angle to an open state, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the driving surface abuts against the first transmission assembly, the return spring drives the cam to rotate, and the first transmission assembly moves proximally to drive the locking member to move to the locked state.

[0016] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism also includes a pullback drive member, which is arranged on the outer sleeve and located on the distal side of the first transmission component. When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the pullback drive member abuts against the first transmission component, and in response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to drive the first transmission component, thereby switching the locking member from the locked state to the unlocked state; when the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the pullback drive member is separated from the first transmission component, and in response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to approach the first transmission component.

[0017] Furthermore, the first transmission assembly includes a lever portion, a rotating portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the lever portion is connected to the rotating portion and is connected to the frame through the rotating portion, the first connecting portion is connected to the cam to connect to the outer sleeve, and the second connecting portion is connected to the locking member.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that: in the surgical instrument of the present invention, before the jaw assembly closes to clamp the tissue, the locking member is already in a locked state, that is, no matter what thickness of tissue the jaw assembly clamps, before the jaw assembly closes, the locking member has already locked the angle steering member to lock the jaw assembly, while not affecting the outer sleeve's continued distal movement to drive the jaw assembly to close. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surgical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking member and a jaw assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nail magazine seat and a nail anvil seat according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a staple cartridge assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a first transmission assembly in a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an exploded first transmission assembly of a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the outer sleeve in the initial position according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the outer sleeve assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention in an initial position; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the outer sleeve of the first embodiment of the present invention moving to the end of the first stroke; Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of the outer sleeve of the first embodiment of the present invention when it moves to the end of the first stroke; Fig.11 is a schematic structural diagram of the outer sleeve of the first embodiment of the present invention when it moves distally to the extreme position; Fig.12 is a cross-sectional view of the outer sleeve of the first embodiment of the present invention when it moves distally to the limit position; Fig.13 is a schematic structural diagram of an angle steering member according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a push rod distally moving locking angle steering member according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention in which the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are located on the same side of the rotating portion; Fig.16 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention in which the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are located on the same side of the rotating portion, and the rotating portion rotates; Fig.17 is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting rod assembly in a first position according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.18is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting rod assembly in the second position according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.19 is a schematic structural diagram of the jaw opening assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention when it is not operated; Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention when the jaws are opened and operated; Figure 21 to Figure 25 is a structural schematic diagram of a motion conversion structure of a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.26 is a schematic structural diagram of a cam abutting against a first transmission assembly through a driving surface according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 27 is a top view of a cam abutting against a first transmission assembly through a driving surface according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig.28 is a structural schematic diagram of a cam according to a second embodiment of the present invention abutting against a first transmission assembly through a retaining surface; Fig.29 is a top view of a cam according to a second embodiment of the present invention abutting against a first transmission assembly through a retaining surface; Fig.30 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention when the sleeve assembly moves distally to the limit position; Fig.31 is a side view of a cam and a first transmission assembly according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig.32 is a schematic structural diagram of a cam and a driving unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig.33 is a schematic structural diagram of a cam and a driving part of a second embodiment of the present invention at another angle; Fig.34 It is an exploded view of the frame, cam, return spring and fixed shaft of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] in: 100, jaw assembly; 110, nail magazine seat; 111, oblique waist groove; 112, lower slide groove; 120, nail support seat; 121, first driven part; 122, second driven part; 123, pin; 124, upper slide groove; 210, angle turning member; 211, wall portion; 212, matching portion; 215, middle arc surface; 216, first side surface; 217, second side surface; 300, transmission mechanism; 310, first transmission assembly; 311, lever portion; 312, rotating portion; 313, first connecting portion; 3131, first end rod; 314, second connecting portion; 3141, second end rod; 3142, waist-shaped groove; 320, drive deformation member; 321, first end; 322, second end; 340, pull-back drive member; 350, cam; 351, center of circle; 352, drive surface; 353, holding surface; 354, extension portion; 355, return spring; 356, baffle; 400, sleeve assembly; 410, inner sleeve; 420, outer sleeve; 423, moving groove; 425, body; 426, drive tube; 4261, first drive member; 4262, second drive member; 427, drive unit; 430, spring; 440, push block; 500, cutting knife assembly; 510, knife head; 511, knife body; 512, upper beam; 513, lower beam; 600, frame; 610, connecting rod assembly; 611, first connecting rod; 612, second connecting rod; 630, handle; 631, supporting part; 640, fixed shaft; 700, steering drive structure; 800, locking member; 900, jaw opening assembly; 910, release button; 911, drive rod; 920, unlocking rod; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be understood that the terms "proximal" and "distal" used herein are relative to the clinician who manipulates the handle of the stapler. The term "proximal" refers to the part close to the clinician, and the term "distal" refers to the part away from the clinician. That is, the handle is the proximal side, and the jaw assembly is the distal side. For example, the proximal end of a component represents the end relatively close to the handle, and the distal end represents the end relatively close to the jaw assembly. The terms "upper" and "lower" are based on the relative positions of the anvil and the staple magazine seat of the jaw assembly. Specifically, the anvil is at the "upper" and the staple magazine seat is at the "lower". However, the stapler can be used in many directions and positions, so these terms expressing relative positional relationships are not restrictive and absolute.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a movably connection, or an integral body; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements such as abutment. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. It should be noted that when there are qualifiers before "connected" and "connection", they have the meaning defined by the corresponding qualifiers, and only exclude situations that obviously need to be excluded, and do not exclude other possible situations. For example, "detachably connected" refers to a detachable connection, and does not include integration, but movable connection, etc. are not excluded. Example 1

[0024] The present application discloses a surgical instrument, which may be a stapler, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the surgical instrument includes a jaw assembly 100, a sleeve assembly 400, an angle steering member 210, a steering drive structure 700 and a cutting knife assembly. The jaw assembly 100 is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly 400 through the angle steering member 210. When the surgical instrument is working, the jaw assembly 100 and part of the sleeve assembly 400 extend into the human body, and the medical staff manipulates the steering drive structure 700 to control the rotation of the jaw assembly 100 until the jaw assembly 100 rotates to a suitable position. During this process, the angle steering member 210 drives the jaw assembly 100 to rotate, and the rotation of the jaw assembly 100 drives the knife rod of the cutting knife assembly to bend. Then the medical staff controls the jaw assembly 100 to close to clamp the human tissue, and then controls the cutting knife assembly to advance, cut and suture the human tissue, and after cutting and suturing are completed, the jaw assembly 100 is opened to release the tissue, and the jaw assembly 100 is rotated to the initial state to remove the surgical instrument from the human body to complete the surgical operation.

[0025] The sleeve assembly 400 includes an inner sleeve 410 and an outer sleeve 420. The outer sleeve 420 is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve 410. The jaw assembly 100 includes a nail magazine seat 110 and a nail anvil 120 rotatably connected to the nail magazine seat 110. The outer sleeve 420 is connected to the nail anvil 120. The movement of the outer sleeve 420 can drive the nail anvil 120 to rotate, thereby closing the jaw assembly 100. The connection structure between the outer sleeve 420 and the nail anvil 120 is described below.

[0026] In the present application, the surgical instrument further includes a locking member 800 and a transmission mechanism 300. The outer sleeve 420 is connected to the locking member 800 through the transmission mechanism 300. The locking member 800 has an unlocked state and a locked state. In the unlocked state, the locking member 800 is separated from the angle steering member 210, so that the angle steering member 210 can drive the jaw assembly 100 to rotate. In the locked state, the locking member 800 locks the angle steering member 210, thereby locking the jaw assembly 100, preventing the angle steering member 210 and the jaw assembly 100 from rotating.

[0027] In response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, closing the jaw assembly 100, and the locking member 800 locks the angle turning member 210. Before the cutting, the jaw assembly 100 is locked to prevent the jaw assembly 100 from rotating and pulling the tissue during the cutting. The structure of how the medical staff operates the outer sleeve 420 to move distally is described below.

[0028] It is worth noting that in actual surgery, the thickness of the human tissue clamped by the jaw assembly 100 is different, so that after the jaw assembly 100 is closed, the angle between the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge seat 110 is different. When the thickness of the clamped human tissue is thin, the anvil 120 can rotate to the limit position relative to the staple cartridge seat 110, and the distance of the outer sleeve 420 moving distally is the limit distance. After the jaw assembly 100 is closed, the staple cartridge seat 110 and the anvil 120 are generally parallel; when the clamped human tissue is thick, due to the thickness of the tissue, the anvil 120 is blocked by the tissue when rotating relative to the staple cartridge seat 110, so that the jaw assembly 100 cannot be completely closed. After the jaw assembly 100 is closed, the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge seat 110 form a certain angle with each other, and the distance of the outer sleeve 420 moving distally is less than the limit distance. The outer sleeve 420 is connected to the locking piece 800 via the transmission mechanism 300. When clamping thicker human tissue, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally less than the limit distance, which may cause the locking piece 800 to fail to switch to the locked state. During the subsequent operation, the jaw assembly 100 will rotate and pull the tissue, affecting the surgical effect.

[0029] Among them, Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the cutter head 510 of the cutting knife assembly is arranged in an "I" shape, and the cutter head 510 includes a blade body 511, an upper beam 512 and a lower beam 513. A nail magazine assembly (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the nail magazine seat 110, and the nail magazine seat 110 is provided with a lower slide groove 112, and the nail support seat 120 is provided with an upper slide groove 124. The lower beam 513 of the cutter head 510 is placed in the lower slide groove 112, and the cutter body 511 is located in the nail magazine assembly. When the jaw assembly 100 is fully closed, the upper slide groove 124 is substantially parallel to the lower slide groove 112. When the jaw assembly 100 is in a fully closed state, the cutter head 510 is located at the proximal end of the nail magazine assembly, the lower beam 513 of the cutter head 510 of the cutting knife assembly is located in the lower slide groove 112, and the upper beam 512 does not enter the upper slide groove 124. When the cutting knife assembly moves distally, the upper beam 512 of the cutter head 510 enters the upper slide groove 124 and cooperates with the upper slide groove 124 and the lower slide groove 112. The cutter head 310 of the cutting knife is limited by the upper slide groove 124 and the lower slide groove 112 to ensure that the position of the cutter head 310 is stable and will not deviate when the knife is fed.

[0030] When the jaw assembly 100 clamps thicker tissue, the jaw assembly 100 cannot be completely closed, and the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge seat 100 form a certain angle with each other, which is manifested as the distance between the upper slide groove 124 and the lower slide groove 112 is smaller on the proximal side of the jaw assembly 100, and the distance between the upper slide groove 124 and the lower slide groove 112 is larger on the distal side of the jaw assembly 100. If the angle between the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge seat 110 is larger, such as when the distance between the upper slide groove 124 and the lower slide groove 112 is greater than the distance between the upper beam 512 and the lower beam 513 on the distal side of the jaw assembly 100, the cutting knife will not be able to advance to the bottom. When the angle between the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge seat 110 is less than or equal to the preset angle, the cutting knife can advance to the bottom normally, where, for example, the preset angle is less than 5°.

[0031] In this embodiment, the travel of the outer sleeve 420 driving the locking member 800 to switch to the locked state is less than the travel of driving the jaw assembly 100 to switch to the closed state. The closed state means that when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally to the point where it can no longer move, the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge seat 110 clamp the tissue, and the angle between the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge seat 110 is less than the preset angle. Regardless of the thickness of the clamped tissue, when the outer sleeve 420 drives the jaw assembly 100 to switch to the closed state, it has already driven the locking member 800 to be in the locked state, ensuring that the jaw assembly 100 is locked before the cutting is performed to prevent the tissue from being pulled.

[0032] It is worth noting that when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, there is a situation where the outer sleeve 420 only drives the jaw assembly 100 to close, but does not drive the locking member 800 to move. In order to avoid interference between the locking member 800 in a locked state and the outer sleeve 420, the transmission mechanism 300 in the present application selectively drives the locking member 800, so that the outer sleeve 420 selectively drives the locking member 800. When the locking member 800 is in a locked state, the outer sleeve 420 moves non-driven relative to the locking member 800 when moving distally, so as to avoid the locking member 800 blocking the outer sleeve 420 from moving distally to drive the jaw assembly 100 to close.

[0033] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, when the outer sleeve 420 is in the initial position, the jaw assembly 100 is in the open state, and the locking member 800 is in the separated state. The initial position refers to the position of the outer sleeve 420 before the medical staff performs the operation. In response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally. The movement of the outer sleeve 420 distally consists of a first stroke and a second stroke. The outer sleeve 420 passes through the first stroke and the second stroke in sequence when moving distally. Figure 7 Move to the indicated position Fig. 9 When the position shown is through the first stroke, the outer sleeve 420 is Fig. 9 Move to the indicated position Fig.11 The second stroke is completed when the position is shown. Figures 7 to 10 As shown, when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first stroke, the anvil 120 is driven to rotate to the first preset angle, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, and the locking member 800 is driven to move to the locked state; wherein when the anvil 120 is at the first preset angle, the angle between the anvil 120 and the nail magazine seat 110 is greater than the preset angle, and the jaw assembly 100 has not reached the closed state. During this process, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, and the driving force of the outer sleeve 420 moving distally is transmitted to the locking member 800, so that the locking member 800 moves to the locked state. Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, the anvil 120 rotates from the first preset angle to the closed state. During this process, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, moves non-driven relative to the locking member 800, and keeps the locking member 800 in the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 enters the second stroke, the locking member 800 is already in the locked state, and the locking member 800 cannot continue to be driven by the outer sleeve 420 to move. At this time, the movement of the outer sleeve 420 can only drive the jaw assembly 100 to continue to close. The transmission mechanism 300 and the locking member 800 move non-driven to avoid interference with the locking member 800, so that the outer sleeve 420 can smoothly move distally.

[0034] In the surgical instrument of this embodiment, when the medical staff operates the outer sleeve 420 to move distally, the jaw assembly 100 gradually closes to clamp the tissue, and the locking member 800 switches from the unlocked state to the locked state, and then remains in the locked state. Before the jaw assembly 100 closes to clamp the tissue, the locking member 800 is already in the locked state, that is, no matter what thickness of tissue the jaw assembly 100 clamps, before the jaw assembly 100 closes, the locking member 800 has locked the angle turning member 210 to lock the jaw assembly 100, and does not affect the outer sleeve 420 to continue to move distally to drive the jaw assembly 100 to close. After the jaw assembly 100 is closed, the rotation of the jaw assembly 100 is stably locked.

[0035] The transmission mechanism 300 includes a drive deformable member 320 and a first transmission assembly 310, the drive deformable member 320 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310, and the drive deformable member 320 has a certain flexibility, which can be deformed to avoid interference between the locking member 800 and the transmission mechanism 300. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first stroke, as shown in FIG. Figures 7 to 10 As shown, the drive deformable member 320 is in an initial state, the transmission mechanism 300 is in a first state, the drive deformable member 320 can move distally, and the transmission mechanism 300 transmits the driving force of the outer sleeve 420 to move distally to the locking member 800 to drive the locking member 800 to move. Specifically, when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, the drive deformable member 320 and the first transmission assembly 310 move to drive the locking member 800 to move to a locked state. In this process, the locking member 800 can move to cooperate with the angle steering member 210, and the drive deformable member 320 can move distally. The kinetic energy of the movement of the outer sleeve 420 is converted into the kinetic energy of the drive deformable member 320, so that the drive deformable member 320 does not deform but moves distally. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, as shown in FIG. Figures 9 to 12As shown, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state. In the second state, the transmission mechanism 300 cannot transmit the driving force for the outer sleeve 420 to move distally to the locking member 800 . Specifically, the locking member 800 cooperates with the angle steering member 210 and cannot continue to move. The locking member 800 that cannot move blocks the driving deformable member 320 from moving distally. The kinetic energy of the outer sleeve 420 cannot be converted into the kinetic energy of the driving deformable member 320 to move, and can only be converted into the elastic potential energy of the driving deformable member 320, so that the driving deformable member 320 is deformed. The driving deformable member 320 is deformed, and relative to the non-driven movement of the first transmission assembly 310, the kinetic energy of the outer sleeve 420 moving distally is consumed by the deformation of the driving deformable member 320 and cannot be transmitted to the locking member 800, so that the transmission mechanism 300 moves non-driven relative to the locking member 800, and the locking member 800 cannot be driven to move. At the same time, the deformation of the driving deformable member 320 allows the outer sleeve 420 to continue to move distally smoothly. During the deformation of the driving deformable member 320, it is always connected to the first transmission assembly 310, so that the locking member 800 remains in a locked state.

[0036] The driving deformable member 320 has a certain rigidity. When the locking member 800 is in the unlocked state, the driving deformable member 320 is in the initial state. Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, the outer sleeve 420 drives the first transmission assembly 310 and the drive deformable member 320 to move to drive the locking member 800 to move in the first direction, so that the locking member 800 switches to the locked state. In the above process, the drive deformable member 320 has space to move distally. When it is subjected to the force from the outer sleeve 420 toward the distal side, it moves distally with the outer sleeve 420, that is, the kinetic energy of the outer sleeve 420 moving distally is converted into the kinetic energy of the drive deformable member 320 moving distally. The rigidity of the drive deformable member 320 keeps it in the initial state when driving the locking member 800, and can transmit the driving force. At the same time, the driving deformable member 320 has a certain flexibility. When the locking member 800 is in the locked state, it cannot continue to be driven by the transmission mechanism 300 to continue to move in the first direction. After the driving deformable member 320 and the first transmission assembly 310 transmit the driving force to the locking member 800, the locking member 800 cannot continue to move, blocking the movement of the driving deformable member 320 and the first transmission assembly 310, that is, when the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, the driving deformable member 320 does not have space to continue to move distally and cannot continue to move distally. At this time, the outer sleeve 420 continues to move distally and applies a distal force to the driving deformable member. When the driving deformable member 320 cannot move distally and is subjected to the distal force, the driving deformable member is deformed, that is, the kinetic energy of the distal movement of the outer sleeve 420 is converted into elastic potential energy of the driving deformable member. Fig.11 and Fig.12As shown, the drive deformable member 320 is deformed under the action of the driving force of the outer sleeve 420 and the blocking of the locking member 800, and the elastic drive member 320 switches from the initial state to the deformed state, so that the movement of the outer sleeve 420 toward the distal side is not blocked by the locking member 800, and can continue to move toward the distal side smoothly.

[0037] Furthermore, the driving deformable member 320 is connected to the outer sleeve 420, the first transmission assembly 310 is connected to the locking member 800, and the outer sleeve 420 is connected through the driving deformable member 320. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first stroke, the driving deformable member 320 is in an initial state and moves distally with the outer sleeve 420, driving the first transmission assembly 310 to move, and the first transmission assembly 310 drives the locking member 800 to move along the first direction. When the outer sleeve 420 moves to the end of the first stroke, the locking member 800 is in a locked state, so that the first transmission assembly 310 is locked and cannot continue to move. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, the first transmission assembly 310 cannot move to block the drive deformation member 320 from moving distally, and the drive deformation member 320 is deformed under the action of the driving force of the outer sleeve 420 and the blocking of the first transmission assembly 310, and switches to a deformed state. The kinetic energy of the outer sleeve 420 moving distally is converted into the elastic potential energy of the drive deformation member 320 to drive the deformation member, so that the outer sleeve 420 can continue to move distally smoothly, and the drive deformation member 320 is always in contact with the first transmission assembly 310, so that the first transmission assembly 310 remains in a locked state, and the locking member 800 remains in a locked state.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the surgical instrument further includes a frame 600, and the first transmission assembly 310 includes a lever portion 311, a rotating portion 312, a first connecting portion 313, and a second connecting portion 314. The lever portion 311 is connected to the frame 600 through the rotating portion 312 and can rotate around the rotating portion 312. The first connecting portion 313 and the second connecting portion 314 are both connected to the lever portion 311. The first connecting portion 313 is connected to the driving deformable member 320 to connect the outer sleeve 420, and the second connecting portion 314 is connected to the locking member 800. When the driving deformable member 320 moves distally with the outer sleeve 420 to drive the first connecting portion 313 to move, the lever portion 311 rotates around the rotating portion 312 to drive the second connecting portion 314 to move, so that the second connecting portion 314 drives the locking member 800 to move.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 2 and Fig.13As shown, the first direction points to the proximal side, and the locking member 800 moves proximally to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state. The angle steering member 210 has an outer peripheral surface, which is arranged on the periphery of the angle steering member 210 around the rotation axis of the angle steering member 210, and specifically includes a middle arc surface 215, a first side surface 216, and a second side surface 217, and the first side surface 216 and the second side surface 217 are respectively located on both sides of the middle arc surface 215. The angle steering member 210 also includes a matching portion 212 and a wall portion 211, the wall portion 211 has a certain thickness, the matching portion 212 is arranged on the inner side of the wall portion 211, and the outer peripheral surface is located on the outer side of the wall portion 211, and the wall portion 211 separates the matching portion 212 from the outer peripheral surface. The matching portion 212 is arranged on the proximal side of the angle steering member 210, and the locking member 800 cooperates with the matching portion 212 when moving proximally to switch to the locked state.

[0040] The first connection part 313 and the second connection part 314 are respectively located on both sides of the rotating part 312. When the lever part 311 rotates around the rotating part 312, the movement directions of the first connection part 313 and the second connection part 314 are opposite. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state. The outer sleeve 420 drives the first connection part 313 to move distally by driving the deformable member 320, so that the lever part 311 rotates clockwise around the rotating part 312, and then the second connection part 314 moves proximally, driving the locking member 800 to move proximally to cooperate with the matching portion 212, so that the locking member 800 switches to the locked state.

[0041] When the outer sleeve 420 moves to the end of the first stroke (the beginning of the second stroke), the locking member 800 is in a locked state, so that the second connection portion 314 cannot continue to rotate proximally, and the first connection portion 313 cannot continue to rotate distally. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, the drive deformable member 320 receives a driving force from the outer sleeve 420 to the distal side. Since the first connection portion 313 cannot move distally, a supporting force is provided to the drive deformable member 320 to the proximal side. The drive deformable member 320 switches to a deformed state under the action of the driving force and the supporting force.

[0042] In another embodiment, if Figures 14 to 16 As shown, the first direction points to the distal side, and the locking member 800 moves distally to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state. The matching portion 212 is arranged on the inner side of the angle steering member 210 and is located on the distal side of the rotation axis. The matching portion 212 is extended along the radial direction of the angle steering member 210. There are multiple matching portions 212, which are arranged around the rotation axis of the angle steering member 210. Each matching portion 212 is extended along the radial direction of the angle steering member 210. When the locking member 300 is in the unlocked position, it corresponds to at least one of the matching portions 212. When the locking member 800 moves to the locked position, it matches with the corresponding matching portion 212 to lock the angle steering member 210.

[0043] The first connection portion 313 and the second connection portion 314 are both located on the same side of the rotating portion 312. When the lever portion 311 rotates around the rotating portion 312, the movement direction of the first connection portion 313 is the same as the movement direction of the second connection portion 314. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first stroke, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state. The outer sleeve 420 drives the first connection portion 313 to move distally by driving the deformation member 320, so that the lever portion 311 rotates clockwise around the rotating portion 312, thereby causing the second connection portion 314 to move distally, driving the locking member 800 to move distally and cooperate with the matching portion 212, so that the locking member 800 switches to the locked state.

[0044] Specifically, Fig.12 As shown, the drive deformable member 320 includes a first end 321 and a second end 322, which are arranged up and down, the first end 321 is connected to the outer sleeve 420, the second end 322 is connected to the first connection portion 313, and the second end 322 protrudes toward the first connection portion 313. The drive deformable member 320 is generally arranged vertically when in the initial state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke, the drive deformable member 320 drives the first connection portion 313 to move through the second end 322. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, the first end 321 receives a driving force from the outer sleeve 420 toward the distal side, and the second end 322 receives a supporting force from the first connecting portion 313 toward the proximal side, so that the second end 322 of the drive deformation member 320 rotates around the first end 321 to switch the drive deformation member 320 to the deformation state.

[0045] In other embodiments, the drive deformable member 320 may be connected to the locking member 800, the first transmission assembly 310 is connected to the outer sleeve 420, and is connected to the locking member 800 through the drive deformable member 320, specifically, the second connection portion 314 is connected to the drive deformable member 320, when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke, the lever portion 311 rotates, and the second connection portion 314 drives the drive deformable member 320 to move to drive the locking member 800 to switch to the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, the lever portion 311 continues to rotate, and since the locking member 800 cannot continue to move, the drive deformable member 320 is subjected to the driving force of the lever portion 311 and the supporting force of the locking member 800, and switches from the initial state to the deformed state, so that the locking member 800 remains in the locked state.

[0046] After the jaw assembly 100 is closed, the medical staff operates the surgical instrument to make the cutting knife assembly advance to cut the tissue, and then retract the knife to return to the initial position of the cutting knife assembly. After the cutting knife assembly returns to the initial position, in response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally to open the jaw assembly 100 to release the tissue, and the locking member 800 switches to the unlocked position, so that the jaw assembly 100 can be returned to the correct position and removed from the human body. The structure of how the medical staff operates the outer sleeve 420 to move proximally is described below.

[0047] In response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve 420 moves from the distal end to the proximal end position, and passes through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally in the second stroke, Fig.11 Move to the middle position Fig. 9 The anvil 120 rotates to the first preset angle, and the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, driving the deformation member 320 to switch from the deformation state to the initial state, Fig.12 Switch to the middle position Fig.10 The outer sleeve 420 moves proximally in the first stroke, and moves in a non-driving manner with the first transmission assembly 310. That is, during this process, the lever portion 311 does not rotate, and the locking member 800 remains in the locked state. Fig. 9 Move to the middle position Figure 7 The anvil 120 is rotated from the first preset angle to the open state, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, the first transmission assembly 310 moves to drive the locking member 800 to move to the unlocked state, and the locking member 800 is unlocked. Fig.10 Move to the middle position Figure 8 When the outer sleeve 420 reaches the end of the first stroke (the proximal end), it returns to the proximal end position, at which time the jaw assembly 100 is in an open state and the locking member 800 is in an unlocked state.

[0048] When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, the first transmission assembly 310 can be driven proximally. In one embodiment, the outer sleeve 420 can be connected to the first connecting portion 313 by driving the deformable member 320. In a preferred embodiment, Figures 8 to 12 As shown, the transmission mechanism 300 also includes a pullback drive member 340, which is connected to the outer sleeve 420 and can move with the outer sleeve 420. The pullback drive member 340 is located on the distal side of the first transmission component 310. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, the pullback drive member 340 acts on the first connecting part 313, causing the first connecting part 313 to move proximally, the lever part 311 rotates counterclockwise, and the second connecting part 314 moves distally, thereby switching the locking member 800 from a locked state to an unlocked state.

[0049] When the outer sleeve 420 is in the initial state, the driving deformable member 320 and the pullback driving member 340 are respectively located on both sides of the first connecting portion 313, and both are in contact with the first connecting portion 313. The driving deformable member 320 and the pullback driving member 340 abutting against the first connecting portion 313 include touching each other, and also include: the distance between the driving deformable member 320 / the pullback driving member 340 and the first connecting portion 313 is relatively close, when the driving deformable member 320 moves distally, it can abut against the first connecting portion 313 and drive the first connecting portion 313 to move distally, and when the pullback driving member 340 moves proximally, it can abut against the first connecting portion 313 and drive the first connecting portion 313 to move proximally. In response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally through the first stroke and the second stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke, it drives the drive deformable member 320 and the pullback drive member 340 to move distally, and the drive deformable member 320 remains in the initial state and drives the first connecting portion 313 to move, so that the lever portion 311 drives the locking member 800 to switch to the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, the first connecting portion 313 does not move, the drive deformable member 320 switches to the deformed state, and the pullback drive member 340 moves distally and separates from the first connecting portion 313. When the jaw assembly 100 is opened, in response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally in the second stroke, it drives the pullback drive member 340 to move proximally, so that the pullback drive member 340 is close to the first connecting portion 313, and the deformation member 320 is driven to switch from the deformation state to the initial state. In this process, the pullback drive member 340 is always separated from the first connecting portion 313, so that the outer sleeve 420 and the first transmission assembly 310 move in a non-driven manner, and the locking member 800 remains in the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves to the proximal end of the second stroke, the pullback drive member 340 abuts against the first connecting portion 313, driving the deformable member 320 to be in an initial state. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve 420, the pullback drive member 340 drives the first connecting portion 313 to move proximally, causing the lever portion 311 to rotate, and then drives the locking member 800 to move distally through the second connecting portion 314 to switch to an unlocked state.

[0050] It is worth noting that the outer sleeve 420 moves along the axis direction of the sleeve assembly 400, and the motion path is a straight line, while when the lever part 311 rotates, its first connection part 313 rotates around the rotating part 312, and the motion path is an arc. The outer sleeve 420 that moves in a straight line is connected to the first connection part 313 that moves along the arc by driving the deformable member 320. Since the motion path of the outer sleeve 420 is different from the motion path of the first connection part 313 of the lever part 311, the first connection part 313 is prone to get stuck during the movement. In order to solve this problem, in this embodiment, the outer sleeve 420 is movably connected to the first connection part 313 through a guide structure. When the outer sleeve 420 moves along the first direction, the first connection part 313 is driven to rotate around the rotating part 312 of the lever part 311 through the guide structure. The first direction is parallel or colinear with the axis direction of the sleeve assembly 400.

[0051] The direction of the axis of the sleeve assembly 400 is the X direction, and the Y direction is perpendicular to the X direction. The outer sleeve 420 can only move along the X direction, pushing the lever part 311 to rotate, so that the first connection part 313 can rotate. The rotation of the first connection part 313 produces displacement in both the X direction and the Y direction. In the X direction, the first connection part 313 moves with the outer sleeve 420. In the Y direction, the first connection part 313 moves relative to the outer sleeve 420 through the guide structure and is always connected to the outer sleeve 420, so that the first connection part 313 can rotate smoothly while maintaining the connection with the outer sleeve 420, avoiding the occurrence of rotation jamming.

[0052] When the lever portion 311 is driven to rotate, the movement path of the second connection portion 314 is arc-shaped. The second connection portion 314 connects and drives the locking member 800 to move only along the X direction. In order to enable the second connection portion 314 to only drive the locking member 800 to move along the X direction, the second connection portion 314 and the locking member 800 are movably connected through a guide structure. When the second connection portion 314 rotates around the rotating portion 312, it is displaced in both the X direction and the Y direction. In the X direction, the locking member 800 moves with the second connection portion 314; in the Y direction, the locking member 800 moves relative to the second connection portion 314 through the guide structure, so that the second connection portion 314 is always connected to the locking member 800, and the second connection portion 314 drives the locking member 800 to move through the guide structure.

[0053] The guide structure includes a motion rod and a motion groove 423. One of the outer sleeve 420 and the first connecting part 313 is provided with a motion rod, and the other one has a motion groove 423. The motion rod is located in the first motion groove 423. When the outer sleeve 420 moves in the first direction, the first connecting part 313 is driven to move along the first direction (X direction) through the guide structure. The motion rod slides along the length direction of the motion groove 423 (i.e., Y direction) to make the first connecting part 313 move relative to the outer sleeve 420, thereby allowing the first connecting part 313 to be displaced in the Y direction.

[0054] In the guide structure where the first connecting portion 313 is connected to the outer sleeve 420, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the moving rod is connected to the first connecting part 313, specifically the first end rod 3131, the driving deformation member 320 and the pull-back driving member 340 are arranged at intervals in the outer sleeve 420, and extend approximately along the Y direction, and a moving groove 423 is formed between the elastic driving member 320 and the pull-back driving member 340, and the moving groove 423 extends approximately along the Y direction. The first end rod 3131 is located in the moving groove 423 and can move in the moving groove 423 along the length direction of the moving groove 423 (approximately the Y direction).

[0055] In the guide structure in which the second connecting portion 314 is connected to the locking member 800, the moving rod is the second end rod 3141, the second end rod 3141 is connected to the locking member 800, a U-shaped slot is provided at the proximal end of the locking member 800, the locking member 800 is engaged with the second end rod 3141 through the U-shaped slot, so that the second end rod 3141 is engaged in the U-shaped slot, and can drive the locking member 800 to move toward the proximal end or the distal end. The inner sleeve 410 is provided with a sliding slot 412, the second end rod 3141 is disposed in the sliding slot 412, and the second end rod 3141 can only move along the X direction in the sliding slot 412. The movable groove is formed on the lever portion 311, specifically, a waist groove 3142. The two ends of the second end rod 3141 are respectively placed in the waist grooves 3142 of the two lever portions 311, and the waist grooves 3142 extend along the Y direction. When the lever portion 311 rotates, the two ends of the second end rod 3141 are respectively located in the waist grooves 3142 of the two lever portions 311 and slide along the length direction of the waist grooves 3142 (displacement along the Y direction), so that the second connecting portion 314 can only drive the locking member 800 to move in the X direction. In the embodiment where the transmission structure has only one lever portion 311, the lever portion 311 is disposed on one side of the sleeve assembly 400, one end of the second end rod 3141 is fixedly connected to the locking member 800, and the other end is located in the movable groove 423. Regarding the specific connection relationship between the lever portion 311 and the outer sleeve 420, and between the lever portion 311 and the locking member 800, only a preliminary introduction is given in this application, and the specific structure can be found in the applicant's prior application CN202310796810.1.

[0056] The medical staff controls the outer sleeve 420 to move proximally or distally through the following structure: like Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, the frame 600 is provided with a handle 630 and a link assembly 610, the link assembly 610 includes a first link 611 and a second link 612, the distal end of the first link 611 is connected to the proximal end of the outer sleeve 420, the distal end of the outer sleeve 420 is connected to the jaw assembly 100, the proximal end of the second link 612 is rotatably connected to the frame 600, and the distal end is rotatably connected to the proximal end of the first link 611. The handle 630 can engage with the link assembly 610 and drive the link assembly 610 to move when actuated. The connecting rod assembly 610 has a first position and a second position. When the connecting rod assembly 610 is in the first position, the first connecting rod 611 and the second connecting rod 612 form an angle with each other, and the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position. When the connecting rod assembly 610 is in the second position, the first connecting rod 611 and the second connecting rod 612 are colinear or substantially colinear, so that the connecting rod assembly 610 self-locks in the second position, and the outer sleeve 420 is in the distal position. Under the self-locking effect of the connecting rod assembly 610, the outer sleeve 420 remains in the distal position.

[0057] Collinearity means that the first link 611 and the second link 612 are located on the same straight line, and the angle between them is 180°. Substantially collinearity means that the first link 611 and the second link 612 pass the dead point position, and the angle between the first link 611 and the second link 612 is greater than 0° and less than 5°. When the link assembly 610 is located at the dead point (corresponding to collinearity) or substantially located at the dead point (corresponding to substantially collinearity), the pressure angle between the first link 611 and the second link 612 is substantially equal to 90°. When the first link 611 or the second link 612 is subjected to an external force from the sleeve assembly 400, the torque on the other link is zero, so that the link assembly 610 cannot move, and the link assembly 610 is self-locked in the second position. Thus, the jaw assembly 100 is locked in the closed position.

[0058] During the process of switching the connecting rod assembly 610 from the first position to the second position, the hinge point gradually moves to the upper side (the side away from the gripping part of the handle 630). Since the proximal end of the second connecting rod 612 is connected to the frame 600, the hinge point at the distal end of the second connecting rod 612 moves distally. At the same time, the rotation of the first connecting rod 611 causes the distal end of the first connecting rod 611 to move toward the distal side. As can be seen from the above, the distal end of the first connecting rod 611 is connected to the proximal end of the outer sleeve 420, and the distal end of the outer sleeve 420 is connected to the jaw assembly 100. Therefore, the connecting rod assembly 610 can drive the outer sleeve 420 to move distally, so that the outer sleeve 420 is located at the distal position.

[0059] The handle 630 is provided with a supporting portion 631, which is located at the lower side of the connecting rod assembly 610. When the connecting rod assembly 610 switches from the first position to the second position, the handle 630 supports the first connecting rod 611 or the second connecting rod 612 through the supporting portion 631 to be operably engaged with the connecting rod assembly 610. When the connecting rod assembly 610 is in the second position and locked in the second position, the supporting portion 631 separates from the connecting rod assembly 610 when the handle 630 is reset and rebounded. When the handle 630 is subsequently actuated, the handle 630 switches from the initial position to the pressing position, and the supporting portion 631 moves with the movement of the handle 630. The supporting portion 631 contacts the connecting rod assembly 610 in the second position only when the handle 630 reaches the pressing position (the end point of the movement trajectory of the supporting portion 631), that is, the supporting portion 631 does not contact the connecting rod assembly 610 during the movement, so the handle 630 cannot drive the connecting rod assembly 610 during subsequent actuation. Specifically, the supporting portion 631 is a rod body, and the handle 630 is operably engaged with the connecting rod assembly 610 by abutting the second connecting rod 612 through the supporting portion 631. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 612, the supporting portion 631 can always abut the second connecting rod 612.

[0060] The medical staff controls the outer sleeve 420 to move proximally through the following structure: like Fig.19 and Fig. 20As shown, the jaw opening assembly 900 includes a release button 910 disposed outside the frame 600, an unlocking rod 920 located in the operating assembly housing and abutting against the connecting rod assembly 610 located in the second position, the unlocking rod 920 is linked with the release button 910, and the release button 910 has a driving rod 911. When the medical staff operates the release button 910, specifically when pushing the release button 910, the release button 910 and the driving rod 911 rotate synchronously, and the rotating driving rod 911 acts on the unlocking rod to rotate the unlocking rod 920, and the unlocking rod 920 abuts against one end of the connecting rod assembly 610 and moves downward to push the connecting rod assembly 610, so that the connecting rod assembly 610 returns to the first position, and the jaw assembly 100 opens to release the human tissue. When the release button 910 is not operated, the unlocking lever 920 is located above the connecting rod assembly 610, and the connecting rod assembly 610 is self-locked in the second position; when the medical staff operates the release button 910, the unlocking lever 920 is rotated, and one end of the unlocking lever 920 moves downward to push the connecting rod assembly 610, so that the connecting rod assembly 610 is no longer in the second position, so as to release the self-locking state of the connecting rod assembly 610. The outer sleeve 420 is sleeved with a spring 430, one end of the spring 430 is connected to the frame 600, and the other end is connected to the push block 440, and the push block 440 is connected to the first connecting rod 611. When the connecting rod assembly 610 is in the second position, the spring 430 is in a compressed state, and the outer sleeve 420 is in a distal position; when the connecting rod assembly 610 is in the first position, the spring 430 is in a released state. When the medical staff operates the release button 910 so that the connecting rod assembly 610 is no longer in the second position, the spring 430 is released, pushing the push block 440 to move proximally, and the connecting rod assembly 610 moves to the first position, so that the jaw assembly 100 is opened, and the outer sleeve 420 moves to the proximal position, thereby driving the locking member 800 to move to the unlocked state. After the knife is retracted, the medical staff operates the release button 910 to open the jaw assembly 100.

[0061] The outer sleeve 420 is switched from the proximal position to the distal position, so that the jaw assembly 100 is switched from the open state to the closed state in the following manner: like Figures 11 to 25 As shown, a motion conversion mechanism is provided between the outer sleeve 420 and the anvil seat 120 of the jaw assembly 100, and the motion conversion mechanism converts the linear motion of the outer sleeve 420 into the pivoting motion of the anvil seat 120, so that the anvil seat 120 pivots relative to the nail magazine seat 110 to close or open the jaw assembly 100. Specifically, when the outer sleeve 420 moves toward the proximal side, the motion conversion mechanism drives the anvil seat 120 to pivot upward to open the jaw assembly 100, and when the outer sleeve 420 moves toward the distal side, the motion conversion mechanism drives the anvil seat 120 to pivot downward to close the jaw assembly 100.

[0062] Specifically, the outer sleeve 420 includes a body 425 and a drive tube 426 connected to each other, and the drive tube 426 drives the anvil 120 to pivot upward or downward to open or close the jaw assembly 100. The body 425 and the drive tube 426 are connected by a hinge.

[0063] The motion conversion mechanism includes a first driving member 4261 and a second driving member 4262 disposed on the driving tube 426 , and a first driven portion 121 and a second driven portion 122 disposed on the anvil seat 120 .

[0064] The first driving member 4261 drives the anvil seat 120 to open. The first driving member 4261 is a protrusion disposed on the driving tube 426, and the protrusion extends along the lower right side. The second driving member 4262 drives the anvil seat 120 to close. The second driving member 4262 is a driving surface at the far end of the driving tube 426.

[0065] Correspondingly, the first follower 121 can be matched with the first driving member 4261, and the first follower 121 is a convex portion provided on the anvil seat 120, and the convex portion extends upward. The second follower 122 can be matched with the second driving member 4262, and the second follower 122 is the abutting surface of the proximal end of the anvil seat 120.

[0066] A guiding mechanism is also arranged between the nail support 120 and the nail magazine support 110, and the guiding mechanism includes a pin 123 arranged on the nail support 120 and an oblique waist-shaped groove 111 arranged on the nail magazine support 110, and the oblique waist-shaped groove 111 extends upwardly in an inclined direction from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0067] See also Figure 25 to Figure 24 When the state of the jaw assembly 100 changes and it is necessary to close the jaw assembly 100, the main body 425 of the outer sleeve 420 pushes the drive tube 426 to move distally, the second drive member 4262 of the drive tube 426 abuts against the second follower portion 122 of the dowel seat 120, and the pin 123 moves from the proximal lower end to the distal upper end of the oblique waist-shaped groove 111, the dowel seat 120 pivots downward, and the jaw assembly 100 is closed.

[0068] See also Figure 24 to Figure 25 When the state of the jaw assembly 100 needs to be opened, the main body 425 of the outer sleeve 420 pulls the drive tube 426 to move toward the proximal side, and the first drive member 4261 of the drive tube 426 abuts against the first follower portion 121 of the dowel seat 120, and the pin 123 moves from the far upper end to the proximal lower end of the oblique waist-shaped groove 111, and the dowel seat 120 pivots upward, and the jaw assembly 100 opens. Example 2

[0069] The second embodiment of the present application is substantially the same as the first embodiment, the main difference being that the structure of the transmission mechanism 300 is different, such as Fig.26As shown, the transmission mechanism 300 in this embodiment includes a cam 350 and a first transmission assembly 310. The cam 350 is connected to the outer sleeve 420. In response to the movement of the outer sleeve 420, the cam 350 rotates. How to drive the cam 350 to rotate when the outer sleeve 420 moves will be described in detail below. The cam 350 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310. The structure of the first transmission assembly 310 in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment. The cam 350 includes a driving surface 352 and a retaining surface 353 connected to the driving surface 352. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke, as shown in FIG. Figure 26 to Figure 27 As shown, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, the driving surface 352 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310, the outer sleeve 420 drives the cam 350 to rotate, and the cam 350 drives the first transmission assembly 310 to move through the driving surface 352, thereby driving the locking member 800 to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state; when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, as shown in FIG. Figures 28 to 30 As shown, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, the retaining surface 353 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310, the outer sleeve 420 drives the cam 350 to rotate, and the retaining surface 353 rotates non-driven relative to the first transmission assembly 310 to lock the transmission mechanism 300 relative to it.

[0070] In the above structure, the transmission mechanism 300 can selectively drive the locking member 800 through the setting of the cam 350, and the movement of the outer sleeve 420 drives the cam 350 to rotate. When the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, the cam 350 is connected to the first transmission component 310 through the driving surface 352. When the cam 350 rotates, it can drive the first transmission component 310 to move, and then drive the locking member 800 to move to the locked state; when the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, the cam 350 is connected to the first transmission component 310 through the retaining surface 353. When the cam 350 rotates, it does not drive the first transmission component 310 to move, and always resists the first transmission component 310, so that the locking member 800 remains in the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, the transmission mechanism 300 and the locking member 800 move non-driven to avoid interference with the locking member 800, so that the outer sleeve 420 can move distally smoothly.

[0071] Among them Fig. 27As shown, the cam 350 includes a center 351, and the driving surface 352 includes a low point and a high point. The distance between the low point and the center 351 is smaller than the distance between the high point and the center 351, that is, the driving surface 352 is generally an inclined arc surface. The point where the cam 350 abuts against the first transmission component 310 is the abutment point. The heights of the points on the driving surface 352 (the distances from the center 351) are different. Therefore, when the driving surface 352 abuts against the first transmission component 310 and rotates, the height of the abutment point between the driving surface 352 and the first transmission component 310 changes, thereby pushing the first transmission component 310 to move. The distances between each point on the surface 353 and the center 351 are the same, that is, the heights of each point on the surface 353 are the same. When the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, as shown in FIG. Fig.28 and Fig.29 As shown, by abutting the first transmission assembly 310 with the retaining surface 353, when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally to drive the cam 350 to rotate, the height of the abutment point between the retaining surface 353 and the first transmission assembly 310 remains unchanged, thereby not driving the first transmission assembly 310 and the locking member 800 to move, causing the transmission mechanism 300 and the locking member 800 to move in a non-driven manner.

[0072] The surgical instrument includes a frame 600, and the transmission mechanism also includes a return spring 355. One end of the return spring 355 is connected to the cam 350, and the other end is connected to the frame. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke and the second stroke, the cam 350 rotates along the first rotation direction, and the return spring 355 is compressed; when the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally in the first stroke and the second stroke, the return spring 355 is released, driving the cam 350 to rotate along the second rotation direction. The first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction. In this embodiment, the first rotation direction is counterclockwise, and the second rotation direction is clockwise. The setting of the return spring 355 allows the cam 350 to rotate back to the initial position when the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, so that the first connecting portion 313 can move proximally smoothly, and the lever portion 311 can drive the locking member 800 to switch to the unlocked state. Figure 1 , Figure 31 to Figure 34As shown, the cam 350 is rotatably connected to the frame 600. Specifically, a fixed shaft 640 is provided on the frame 600. The center 351 of the cam 350 is connected to the fixed shaft 640 and can rotate around the fixed shaft 640. In this embodiment, the rotation axis of the cam 350 is vertically arranged, and the fixed shaft 640 passes through and connects the cam 350 from above the cam 350. The outer sleeve 420 is provided with a driving portion 427. The cam 350 includes an extension portion 354, and the extension portion 354 is arranged at the lower edge of the cam 350. The driving portion 427 is located at the lower side of the cam 350 and abuts against the extension portion 354. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, the driving portion 427 moves with the outer sleeve 420, drives the extension portion 354 to move, and then drives the cam 350 to rotate. The extension portion 354 is plate-shaped and obliquely arranged on the lower side of the cam 350. When the driving portion 427 moves, it acts on the extension portion 354, generating a tangential component force on the inclined surface of the extension portion 354. The cam 350 is driven to rotate by the tangential component force, so that the outer sleeve 420 can drive the cam 350 to rotate when it moves distally.

[0073] like Figures 26 to 30 As shown, when the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, the cam 350 abuts the first connection part 313 through the driving surface 352, and when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke, the cam 350 rotates, and the first connection part 313 is pushed to move distally through the driving surface 352, so that the lever part 311 rotates, and the locking member 800 is driven to switch to the locked state through the second connection part 314, and at this time, the retaining surface 353 of the cam 350 abuts the first connection part 313. When the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, the cam 350 abuts the first connection part 313 through the retaining surface 353, and when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, the cam 350 rotates, moves with the first connection part 313 in a non-driven manner, and always abuts against the first connection part 313, and the lever part 311 does not rotate, so that the locking member 800 is kept in the locked state, and the outer sleeve 420 can move distally normally.

[0074] The transmission mechanism 300 also includes a pullback drive member 340. The structure of the pullback drive member 340 in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment. The pullback drive member 340 is located on the distal side of the first connecting portion 313 and is connected to the outer sleeve 420. When the outer sleeve 420 moves, the pullback drive member 340 moves synchronously with the outer sleeve 420. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, the pullback drive member 340 drives the first connecting portion 313 to move, causing the lever portion 311 to rotate, thereby driving the locking member 800 to switch from a locked state to an unlocked state.

[0075] like Fig.34As shown, one end of the return spring 355 is connected to the cam 350, specifically the baffle 356 that resists the cam 356, and the other end is connected to the frame 600. Preferably, the return spring 355 is a torsion spring, and the axis of the return spring 355 substantially coincides with the rotation axis of the cam 350. When the outer sleeve 420 moves from the proximal position to the distal position and the cam 350 is driven to rotate by the driving portion 427, the return spring 355 is compressed; when the outer sleeve 420 moves from the distal position to the proximal position, the driving portion 427 moves proximally and separates from the extension portion 354 of the cam 350, the return spring 355 is released, and the cam 350 is driven to rotate by its own elastic force until the extension portion 354 resists the driving portion 427. During the movement of 420 from the distal to the proximal position, the reset spring 355 is gradually released, driving the cam 350 to rotate, so that the cam 350 is always connected to the driving portion 427, and then the cam 350 rotates as the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, it passes through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. In the second stroke, the cam 350 is abutted against the first connecting portion 313 through the retaining surface 353, and the first connecting portion 313 does not move. In the first stroke, the cam 350 is abutted against the first connecting portion 313 through the driving surface 352, so that the first connecting portion 313 can move smoothly proximally, and the lever portion 311 can drive the locking member 800 to switch to the unlocked state.

[0076] like Figures 26 to 30As shown, when the outer sleeve 420 is in the initial state, the cam 350 and the pull-back drive member 340 are respectively located on both sides of the first connection part 313, the pull-back drive member 340 is located on the distal side of the first connection part 313 and abuts against the first connection part 313, and the cam 350 is located on the proximal side of the first connection part 313 and abuts against the first connection part 313 through the drive surface 352. The pull-back drive member 340 abuts against the first connection part 313, and its meaning is basically the same as the definition of the pull-back drive member abutting against the first connection part 313 in the previous content. In response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally through the first stroke and the second stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke, the drive cam 350 rotates and drives the pull-back drive member 340 to move distally. When the cam 350 rotates, it drives the first connection part 313 to move through the drive surface 352, so that the lever part 311 drives the locking member 800 to switch to the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, the cam 350 abuts against the first connection part 313 through the retaining surface 353. When the outer sleeve 420 drives the cam 350 to rotate, the first connection part 313 does not move, and the pull-back drive member 340 moves distally and separates from the first connection part 313, and the locking member 800 remains in the locked state. In response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally in the second stroke, it drives the pull-back drive member 340 to move proximally, so that the pull-back drive member 340 approaches the first connection part 313, and the cam 350 rotates in the opposite direction. During the rotation process, it always abuts against the first connection part 313 through the retaining surface 353 and moves with the first connection part 313 in a non-driven manner. In this process, the pull-back drive member 340 is always separated from the first connection part 313, so that the outer sleeve 420 and the first transmission assembly 310 move in a non-driven manner, and the locking member 800 remains in the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves to the proximal end of the second stroke, the pullback drive member 340 abuts against the first connecting portion 313, and the cam 350 drives the first connecting portion 313 through the driving surface 352. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve 420, the cam 350 rotates under the action of the return spring 355, and the pullback drive member 340 drives the first connecting portion 313 to move proximally, causing the lever portion 311 to rotate, and then drives the locking member 800 to move distally through the second connecting portion 314 to switch to the unlocked state.

[0077] When the outer sleeve 420 moves from the distal end to the proximal end, it passes through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally in the second stroke, the anvil 120 rotates to the first preset angle, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, the cam 350 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310 through the retaining surface 353, and the rotation of the cam 350 causes the cam 350 and the first transmission assembly 310 to move in a non-driven manner, that is, during this process, the lever portion 311 does not rotate, and the locking member 800 remains in the locked state. During the rotation process, the cam 350 switches to one end of the driving surface 352 to abut against the first transmission assembly 310. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally in the first stroke, the anvil 120 rotates from the first preset angle to the open state, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, the cam 350 abuts against the first connecting portion 313 through the driving surface 352, and the first transmission assembly 310 moves to drive the locking member 800 to move to the unlocked state. When the outer sleeve 420 reaches the end of the first stroke (the proximal end), it returns to the proximal position, at which time the jaw assembly 100 is in an open state and the locking member 800 is in an unlocked state.

[0078] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each implementation mode may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0079] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation methods or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, characterized in that: It comprises a jaw assembly, a sleeve assembly, an angle steering member, a locking member and a transmission mechanism, wherein the jaw assembly is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly through the angle steering member; The sleeve assembly includes an outer sleeve, the jaw assembly includes a nail magazine seat and a nail anvil seat rotatably connected to the nail magazine seat, the outer sleeve is connected to the nail anvil seat, and the outer sleeve is connected to the locking member through the transmission mechanism to selectively drive the locking member; When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the jaw assembly is in an open state, and the locking member is in a separated state, separated from the angle turning member; In response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve moves distally, passing through a first stroke and a second stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve moves distally in the first stroke, the anvil seat rotates to a first preset angle, and the transmission mechanism is in a first state, driving the locking member to move to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally in the second stroke, the anvil seat rotates from the first preset angle to a closed state, and the transmission mechanism is in a second state, moving non-driven relative to the locking member, and keeping the locking member in the locked state.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that The transmission mechanism includes a driving deformation member and a first transmission assembly, the driving deformation member is connected to the first transmission assembly, when the outer sleeve moves distally within the first stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the driving deformation member is in the initial state, the driving deformation member and the first transmission assembly move to drive the locking member to move to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally within the second stroke, the driving deformation member is deformed to switch from the initial state to the deformation state, and moves non-driven relative to the first transmission assembly, so that the transmission mechanism moves non-driven relative to the locking member, and the locking member remains in the locked state.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that The driving deformable member is connected to the outer sleeve, and the first transmission assembly is connected to the locking member and is connected to the outer sleeve through the driving deformable member.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the drive deformation member is connected to the locking member, and the transmission assembly is connected to the outer sleeve.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surgical instrument also includes a frame, the first transmission assembly includes a lever portion, a rotating portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the lever portion is connected to the rotating portion and is connected to the frame through the rotating portion, the driving deformable member is located proximal to the first connecting portion and abuts against the first connecting portion, the driving deformable member is connected to the outer sleeve, and the second connecting portion is connected to the locking member.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that The first connection portion and the second connection portion are respectively located on both sides of the lever portion, or the first connection portion and the second connection portion are located on the same side of the lever portion.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that The drive deformable member includes a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the outer sleeve, and the second end is connected to the first connecting portion. When the outer sleeve moves distally within the first stroke, the drive deformable member moves distally and drives the first connecting portion to move distally through the second end; when the outer sleeve moves distally within the second stroke, the second end of the drive deformable member rotates around the first end to switch the drive deformable member to the deformation state.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that The outer sleeve selectively drives the first transmission assembly when it moves proximally. In response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve moves from the distal end to the proximal end position, and passes through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve moves proximally in the second stroke, the anvil rotates to the first preset angle, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the drive deformation member switches from the deformation state to the initial state, and the outer sleeve and the first transmission assembly move non-drivenly, so that the locking member remains in the locked state. When the outer sleeve moves proximally within the first stroke, the dowel seat rotates from the first preset angle to an open state, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, and the outer sleeve drives the first transmission assembly and the elastic drive member to move, thereby driving the locking member to move to the unlocked state.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that The transmission mechanism also includes a pullback drive member, which is connected to the outer sleeve and is located on the distal side of the first transmission component. When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the pullback drive member abuts against the first transmission component. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to drive the first transmission component, thereby switching the locking member from the locked state to the unlocked state. When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the pullback drive member is separated from the first transmission component. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to approach the first transmission component.

10. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that The transmission mechanism includes a cam and a first transmission assembly, the cam is connected to the outer sleeve, the cam includes a driving surface and a retaining surface connected to the driving surface, when the outer sleeve moves distally in the first stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the driving surface is connected to the first transmission assembly, the outer sleeve drives the cam to rotate, and the cam drives the first transmission assembly to move through the driving surface, thereby driving the locking member to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally in the second stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the retaining surface is connected to the first transmission assembly, the outer sleeve drives the cam to rotate, and the retaining surface rotates non-driven relative to the movement of the first transmission assembly, so that the transmission mechanism moves non-driven relative to the locking member and the locking member is retained in the locked state.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, characterized in that The cam includes a center of a circle, the driving surface includes a low point and a high point, the distance between the low point and the center of the circle is smaller than the distance between the high point and the center of the circle, and the distance between each point on the retaining surface and the center of the circle is equal.

12. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, characterized in that The surgical instrument also includes a frame, the cam is rotatably connected to the frame, the outer sleeve is provided with a driving part, and the cam also includes an extension part, the driving part abuts against the extension part, and when the driving part moves distally with the outer sleeve, the extension part is driven to move, thereby driving the cam to rotate.

13. The surgical instrument according to claim 12, characterized in that The transmission mechanism also includes a return spring, one end of which is connected to the cam, and the other end of which is connected to the frame. When the driving portion moves distally to drive the cam to rotate, the return spring is compressed; when the driving portion moves proximally to separate from the extension portion, the return spring is released, and the return spring drives the cam to rotate, so that the extension portion abuts against the driving portion.

14. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, characterized in that The surgical instrument further comprises a frame, and the transmission mechanism further comprises a return spring, one end of the return spring is connected to the cam, and the other end is connected to the frame. When the outer sleeve moves distally within the first stroke and the second stroke, the cam rotates along the first rotation direction and the return spring is compressed; when the outer sleeve moves proximally within the first stroke and the second stroke, the return spring is released, driving the cam to rotate along the second rotation direction, and the first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction.

15. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, characterized in that The transmission mechanism also includes a pullback drive member, which is arranged on the outer sleeve and located on the distal side of the first transmission component. When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the pullback drive member abuts against the first transmission component. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to drive the first transmission component, thereby switching the locking member from the locked state to the unlocked state. When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the pullback drive member is separated from the first transmission component. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to approach the first transmission component.

16. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, characterized in that The first transmission assembly includes a lever portion, a rotating portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the lever portion is connected to the rotating portion and is connected to the frame through the rotating portion, the first connecting portion is connected to the cam to connect to the outer sleeve, and the second connecting portion is connected to the locking member.

17. The surgical instrument according to claim 16, characterized in that The first connection portion and the second connection portion are respectively located on both sides of the lever portion, or the first connection portion and the second connection portion are located on the same side of the lever portion.

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