Auxiliary sputum excretion device for patient in rehabilitation stage

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-use auxiliary sputum excretion device for a patient in a rehabilitation stage. The self-use auxiliary sputum excretion device comprises a rigid L-shaped sitting and leaning plate and an air cushion, the L-shaped sitting and backing plate comprises a seat plate and a backing plate; the seat plate is S-shaped, and one side, close to the backup plate, of the seat plate is a concave surface; the backup plate is arc-shaped and is obliquely bent towards one side of the seat plate from bottom to top; a back plate is arranged on the back surface of the backup plate at an interval; a sealed air cavity is defined by the back plate and the backup plate; the air cushion comprises an elastic rubber layer; the air cushion is defined by the elastic rubber layer and the seat plate; the air cushion is communicated with the air cavity; a plurality of knocking hammer devices are arranged on the backup plate corresponding to the back area of the patient; the knocking hammer device comprises a hammer head, a connecting rod, a piston and an elastic air bag; the sputum excretion device not only meets the bearing capacity requirements of different parts of the human body, but also provides more comfortable and efficient sputum excretion experience. Meanwhile, the device can adapt to patients with different weights, the device structure is simplified, the equipment manufacturing and maintenance cost is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of nursing equipment, in particular to an auxiliary expectoration device for self-use by patients in the rehabilitation stage. Background Art

[0002] Respiratory diseases are one of the main causes of deterioration in patients' health worldwide. Especially for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, bronchiectasis and pneumonia, sputum accumulation often leads to airway obstruction, further aggravating the patient's condition and even causing respiratory failure in severe cases. Therefore, effective removal of sputum is of great significance to the patient's recovery and stabilization of the condition.

[0003] Traditional expectoration methods mainly include drug therapy and physical expectoration. Drug therapy can help patients expectorate by diluting sputum or promoting cough reflex, but drugs often have side effects and have limited effects on some patients with more viscous sputum. On the other hand, physical expectoration is widely used in clinical practice as a means of auxiliary or alternative drug therapy. There are many ways to physically expectorate, including patting the back, vibration expectoration, and postural drainage. Among them, patting the back to expectorate is a common physical expectoration method. By tapping the patient's back to vibrate the chest, the sputum in the respiratory tract is loosened and discharged from the body.

[0004] Traditional back patting to expel phlegm usually requires manual work by nursing staff, especially for patients in hospital or rehabilitation stage. Manual back patting by nursing staff is often time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the effect of phlegm expulsion varies due to the different techniques, experience and strength of nursing staff. Some patients have frequent phlegm expulsion needs, and manual back patting by nursing staff alone is likely to lead to the consumption of human resources and is difficult to meet the needs of long-term care.

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the traditional back patting to expectorate, some automatic expectoration auxiliary devices have gradually appeared on the market. Some existing expectoration devices use vibration or mechanical patting to replace manual back patting and can work continuously, but their designs are mostly complex, the equipment is large, the price is expensive, and generally requires nursing staff or family members to operate and use, which is difficult for patients to use independently. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-use auxiliary expectoration device for patients in the rehabilitation stage, which not only meets the bearing requirements of different parts of the human body, but also provides a more comfortable and efficient expectoration experience. At the same time, it can also adapt to patients of different weights, simplify the device structure, reduce the equipment manufacturing and maintenance costs, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A self-use auxiliary expectoration device for patients in the rehabilitation stage, comprising a rigid L-shaped seat backboard and an air cushion; the L-shaped seat backboard comprises a seat plate and a back plate; the seat plate is S-shaped, and the side close to the back plate is concave; the back plate is arc-shaped, and is inclined and bent from bottom to top toward one side of the seat plate; a back plate is also arranged at a distance on the back of the back plate; the back plate and the back plate enclose a sealed air cavity; the air cushion comprises an elastic rubber layer; the elastic rubber layer and the seat plate enclose the air cushion; the air cushion is connected to the air cavity; a plurality of knock hammer devices are arranged on the back plate corresponding to the patient's back area; the knock hammer device comprises a hammer head, a connecting rod, a piston and an elastic air bag; through holes are respectively arranged on the back plate corresponding to the knock hammer devices; the piston is in sealing and sliding cooperation with the through hole; the elastic air bag is arranged in the sealed air cavity, and is sealed and connected with the inner end of the through hole; the outer end of the connecting rod is connected to the hammer head, and the inner end is connected to the piston.

[0009] Wherein, the hammer head is a disc-shaped rubber block.

[0010] Wherein, a groove is provided on a side of the backing plate close to the patient corresponding to the hammer head to accommodate the hammer head; under normal circumstances, the hammer head is located in the groove.

[0011] Among them, the opening diameter of the groove is smaller than the maximum diameter of the hammer head, and the middle diameter of the groove is larger than the maximum diameter of the hammer head.

[0012] Wherein, a spring is arranged between the through hole and the piston to provide elastic force for the piston to return to its initial position.

[0013] Wherein, the elastic rubber layer and the elastic airbag both have elastic force to return to the initial state in the absence of external force.

[0014] The diameters of the multiple elastic airbags gradually decrease from bottom to top.

[0015] Wherein, the seat plate and the back plate are integrally formed, and the elastic rubber layer is sealed and wrapped from the bottom of the seat plate to the lower end of the back plate to form the air cushion.

[0016] The seat plate and the back plate are lockably connected in rotation, so that the angle between the seat plate and the back plate is adjustable; the air cushion is arranged under the seat plate; the air cushion is connected to the sealed air cavity through a connecting channel or a pipeline.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. No need for nursing staff to help with expectoration, which is convenient for patients to operate independently

[0019] The device integrates automatic tapping functions such as air cushion and tapping hammer through clever structural design. The patient only needs to sit on the device to start the sputum removal process without the help of external personnel. The tapping hammer inside the device is automatically activated by the patient's sitting action, and taps the patient's back under the push of air pressure to help loosen the sputum in the respiratory tract and help the patient expectorate. The whole process is fully automated, and the patient only needs to sit down to achieve efficient expectoration.

[0020] Through this device, patients can expectorate at any time in their daily lives, no longer relying on the assistance of caregivers or family members, which significantly improves the autonomy and independence of patients, and is especially suitable for rehabilitation patients who need to expectorate for a long time. In addition, the automated tapping device ensures the appropriateness and consistency of the tapping force, avoiding the problem of uneven or inappropriate force that may occur during manual tapping, and further improving the effect of expectoration.

[0021] 2. Naturally form a posture that is conducive to expectoration

[0022] The L-shaped seat backrest includes an S-shaped seat backrest and an arc-shaped backrest. The S-shaped design of the seat backrest fits the patient's buttocks and thighs through the concave and convex surface, allowing the patient to naturally form a forward leaning posture when sitting without deliberately bending over or changing the body position. The backrest provides back support for the patient, and through its arc-shaped design, it further guides the patient's upper body to lean forward to form a posture suitable for expectoration.

[0023] This design not only improves the comfort of patients, but also greatly enhances the effect of expectoration. Through natural posture adjustment, patients can automatically enter the best expectoration posture while sitting down, without the need for additional auxiliary movements. Whether at home or in a rehabilitation center, patients can easily sit down for expectoration assistance, reducing cumbersome posture adjustments and ensuring ease of operation.

[0024] 3. The device is driven by the patient’s own weight, without the patient having to exert any effort

[0025] The present invention makes full use of the patient's weight as the power source for driving the expectoration device, so that the patient can automatically activate the expectoration function while sitting down, without the need for additional muscle strength or manual operation. This is of great significance for patients with weak physical strength, mobility problems or those who need long-term rehabilitation.

[0026] 4. Low cost, simple structure, easy to promote and use

[0027] The design structure of the present invention is relatively simple, mainly composed of several core components such as an L-shaped seat plate, an air cushion, a sealed air cavity and a hammer device, with a compact overall structure and convenient operation. Compared with some complex mechanical or electronic expectoration devices on the market, the present invention has a lower manufacturing cost and is suitable for large-scale production and promotion.

[0028] 5. Optimize airflow distribution to ensure the order of tapping

[0029] As the diameter of the elastic airbag gradually decreases, the gas inside the larger airbag at the bottom generates a stronger thrust when it is squeezed, pushing the piston to slide with greater force; while the smaller airbag at the top generates a relatively smaller thrust. This design can reasonably utilize the air pressure generated by the compression of the air cushion, so that the air pressure first pushes the larger airbag at the bottom, and then gradually pushes the smaller airbag at the top, ensuring that the function of each airbag is exerted in sequence, making the entire knocking process uniform and orderly.

[0030] Since the device does not require complex electric drive or electronic control system, and does not require long-term assistance from nursing staff, it greatly reduces operating costs and maintenance requirements. At the same time, since the device is driven by the patient's own weight, it saves additional energy consumption and further reduces the cost of use. This makes the sputum removal device not only suitable for use in hospitals and rehabilitation centers, but also very suitable for patients to perform daily self-help sputum removal at home, and has broad market prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a patient using the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of circle A;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Markings in the figure: 1. L-shaped seat plate; 11. seat plate; 12. back plate; 13. back plate; 14. sealed air cavity; 15. through hole; 16. groove; 17. spring; 2. air cushion; 21. elastic rubber layer; 31. hammer head; 32. connecting rod; 33. piston; 34. elastic airbag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 3This invention relates to a self-help expectoration device for patients in the rehabilitation stage. The self-help expectoration device for patients in the rehabilitation stage is a device that helps patients clear respiratory sputum by physical assistance. The design fully considers the principles of ergonomics and aims to provide patients with a safe, comfortable and effective expectoration tool. The device is mainly composed of a rigid L-shaped seat board 1 and an air cushion 2. It is cleverly designed and can automatically adjust the knocking force according to the patient's weight and sitting strength. It is suitable for patients with different body shapes and needs.

[0039] The L-shaped seat backboard 1 includes a seat board 11 and a backboard 12; one of the components of the L-shaped seat backboard is the seat board 11, which is designed in an S shape to conform to the natural curve of the buttocks and thighs of the human body. The side of the seat board close to the backboard 12 is concave, mainly used to fit the patient's buttocks, while the other end of the seat board is convex, and the function of this convex part is to raise the patient's thighs to make them in a more comfortable sitting position suitable for expectoration. The S-shaped design helps patients maintain a moderate forward tilt angle to facilitate expectoration.

[0040] The reasonable size of the seat plate 11 is about 45 to 55 cm in width and 40 to 50 cm in length, which can meet the body shape requirements of most adult patients. In terms of material, the seat plate is made of high-strength engineering plastics or lightweight metal alloys, such as aluminum alloy, to ensure the rigidity and durability of the structure. In order to improve the comfort of the user, the surface of the seat plate can also be covered with flexible fillers such as high-density foam or sponge to enhance the patient's experience when using it.

[0041] The S-shaped design of the seat not only conforms to the human body's hip and thigh structure, but also guides the patient to naturally form a slight forward leaning posture when sitting, which is convenient for the patient to cough up phlegm better. While maintaining sufficient rigidity, the structure also provides appropriate support for the patient to prevent the patient from sliding or incorrect posture during use.

[0042] Another important component of the L-shaped seat backboard is the backboard 12, which is designed to be arc-shaped and tilted from bottom to top toward the seat board. The arc design of the backboard conforms to the natural curve of the human back, allowing the patient to maintain a natural back posture when using it, thereby ensuring effective support during the expectoration process. The backboard 12 is integrally formed with the seat board 11.

[0043] The size of the backrest is about 50 to 70 cm in height and the width is the same as the seat, about 45 to 55 cm. This size can adapt to the back length of most patients and ensure that patients can get full support when using it. In terms of material, the backrest is made of the same high-strength rigid material as the seat, and can be covered with soft padding on the surface to further enhance the comfort of patients.

[0044] The backboard not only provides back support for the patient, but its arc-shaped design can also effectively guide the patient to bend forward when expectorating, thereby achieving an ideal expectoration posture. In addition, the backboard also provides an installation position for the percussion hammer device, and together with the backboard 13, forms a sealed air cavity 14, which provides the necessary power source for the percussion device.

[0045] The air cushion 2 is located below the seat plate 11 and is composed of an elastic rubber layer 21. It is mainly used to generate air pressure by squeezing when the patient sits down, thereby driving other parts of the device to work. The design of the air cushion mainly considers the patient's weight and sitting force. Through reasonable compression design, it can effectively transmit air pressure to the sealed air cavity 14.

[0046] The thickness of the air cushion is designed to be 5 to 8 cm, covering the entire area under the seat plate. This thickness provides sufficient compression space so that the air pressure can be quickly increased when the patient sits down. At the same time, the size of the air cushion matches the size of the seat plate to ensure that the air cushion can evenly distribute the pressure. The air cushion is connected to the sealed air cavity 14 through a connecting channel or pipeline, and the gas can flow freely between the air cushion and the air cavity.

[0047] The main material of the air cushion is high elastic rubber, which has good elasticity and pressure resistance and can withstand repeated compression and recovery operations. At the same time, the rubber material can quickly return to its original shape without external force, ensuring the reliability and durability of the air cushion during use.

[0048] The main function of the air cushion is to utilize the patient's weight to compress the air cushion when sitting down to generate air pressure, which is transmitted to the sealed air chamber 14 through the connecting channel to provide a power source for the hammer device. When the patient stands up, the air cushion can quickly return to its original state, the air pressure is released, and the device is ready to enter the next round of work.

[0049] The sealed air cavity 14 is formed by the back plate 12 and the back plate 13 and is located on the back of the back plate. The design of the air cavity ensures that the air pressure can be transmitted from the air cushion 2 to the hammer device and provide the necessary power. The air cavity is connected to the air cushion through a pipeline. The compression of the air cushion when the patient sits down will increase the air pressure in the air cavity, thereby compressing the elastic air bag 34 in the air cavity and driving the movement of the piston 33 and the hammer head 31.

[0050] The thickness of the air cavity is designed to be 3 to 5 cm, the width is consistent with the backboard, and the height is slightly smaller than the backboard. This size design ensures that the volume of the air cavity is large enough to hold enough gas and generate enough air pressure to drive the percussion device when the patient sits down.

[0051] The back plate 13 is made of light metal or high-strength plastic, such as aluminum alloy or ABS plastic. These materials can not only ensure the rigidity of the back plate, but also have good sealing properties to ensure that the air pressure in the air cavity will not leak.

[0052] The main function of the air cavity is to receive the air pressure generated when the air cushion is compressed, and transmit the air pressure to the elastic airbag 34 to drive the percussion hammer device to work. The design of the air cavity ensures the uniform distribution of airflow, so that each percussion hammer device can work synchronously and evenly.

[0053] The percussion hammer device is the core part of the auxiliary expectoration device, which mainly comprises a hammer head 31, a connecting rod 32, a piston 33, an elastic air bag 34 and a spring 17. These components are connected with the back plate through a through hole 15 to form a complete percussion system.

[0054] The hammer head 31 is the part that contacts the patient's back. It is designed with a disc-shaped rubber block with a diameter of 3 to 5 cm to ensure that the striking force is moderate and does not cause excessive pressure on the patient. The hammer head is connected to the piston 33 through a connecting rod 32, and the piston receives the air pressure from the air cavity through an elastic airbag 34. The piston and the through hole 15 are sealed and slidably matched to ensure that the air pressure can be effectively transmitted.

[0055] The elastic airbag 34 is located in the sealed air cavity 14. As the air pressure in the air cavity increases, the elastic airbag 34 is compressed, and the gas in the airbag pushes the piston to move outward, driving the knocking action of the connecting rod and the hammer head. A groove 16 is provided on the side of the backrest 1 close to the patient corresponding to the hammer head 31 to accommodate the hammer head 31; under normal circumstances, the hammer head 31 is located in the groove 16; the opening diameter of the groove 16 is smaller than the maximum diameter of the hammer head 31, and the diameter of the middle part of the groove 16 is larger than the maximum diameter of the hammer head 31. The spring 17 is used to help the piston return to the initial position after the knocking is completed, ensuring that the hammer head can quickly retract into the groove 16 after each knocking.

[0056] Hammer head 31: a disc-shaped rubber block with a diameter of 3 to 5 cm and made of flexible rubber material to ensure moderate stimulation to the patient during striking.

[0057] Connecting rod 32: The connecting rod 32 has a length of about 4 to 6 cm, is made of a light metal material such as an aluminum alloy, and connects the hammer head and the piston.

[0058] Piston 33: The diameter is about 1 to 2 cm, made of wear-resistant metal, and is in sealing and sliding cooperation with the through hole.

[0059] Elastic airbag 34: Made of high elastic rubber, the diameters of the multiple elastic airbags 34 gradually decrease from bottom to top.

[0060] Spring 17: used to restore the initial position of the piston, with a length of about 2 to 3 cm, made of stainless steel and having good resilience.

[0061] Embodiment 2:

[0062] See also Figure 4, which is different from the first embodiment, the seat plate 11 and the back plate 12 are not integrally formed, and the seat plate 11 and the back plate 12 are connected by a lockable rotation, so that the angle between the two can be adjusted according to the needs of the patient. This design allows the angle between the seat plate and the back plate to be freely adjusted between 90 degrees and 120 degrees to accommodate patients of different heights and body shapes. This adjustable design greatly improves the flexibility and practicality of the device, ensuring that the patient can maintain the best posture during use and obtain effective sputum discharge assistance.

[0063] Working principle and function:

[0064] When the patient sits down, the air cushion is compressed, and the air pressure is transmitted to the sealed air cavity 14, so that the elastic airbag 34 is squeezed, and the gas inside pushes the piston 33 to slide outward, and the connecting rod 32 drives the hammer head 31 to extend from the groove 16 and knock on the patient's back. The strength of each knock will be automatically adjusted according to the patient's weight and the strength of sitting down, ensuring that the knocking strength is moderate, helping the patient to loosen the sputum in the respiratory tract and achieve the effect of assisting sputum discharge.

[0065] When the patient stands up, the air pressure is released, the elastic airbag 34 returns to its original state, the spring 17 pushes the piston and the hammer head back to the initial position, and the hammer head retracts into the groove, ready for the next use.

[0066] This patient-assisted expectoration device for rehabilitation achieves the function of automatically adapting to different weights and strengths through sophisticated air pressure transmission and elastic recovery design. The device can effectively help patients expectorate and provide a comfortable user experience through reasonable ergonomic design. The device is not only suitable for patients in rehabilitation, but also for patients who need long-term expectoration assistance, providing them with an efficient, safe and convenient self-help tool.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A patient-assisted expectoration device for self-use in the recovery stage, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rigid L-shaped seat backboard (1) and an air cushion (2); the L-shaped seat backboard (1) comprises a seat plate (11) and a backboard (12); the seat plate (11) is S-shaped, and the side close to the backboard (12) is concave; the backboard (12) is arc-shaped, and is inclined and bent from bottom to top toward one side of the seat plate (11); a backboard (13) is also arranged at a distance on the back of the backboard (12); the backboard (13) and the seat plate (12) enclose a sealed air cavity (14); the air cushion (2) comprises an elastic rubber layer (21); the elastic rubber layer (21) and the seat plate (11) enclose the air cushion (2); The air cushion (2) is connected to the air cavity (14); a plurality of percussion hammer devices are arranged on the back plate (12) corresponding to the patient's back area; the percussion hammer devices include a hammer head (31), a connecting rod (32), a piston (33) and an elastic air bag (34); through holes (15) are arranged on the back plate (12) corresponding to the percussion hammer devices; the piston (33) and the through hole (15) are sealingly slidably matched; the elastic air bag (34) is arranged in the sealed air cavity (14) and is sealedly connected to the inner end of the through hole (15); the outer end of the connecting rod (32) is connected to the hammer head (31), and the inner end is connected to the piston (33).

2. The auxiliary expectoration device for self-use by patients in the recovery stage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hammer head (31) is a disc-shaped rubber block.

3. The patient-assisted expectoration device for self-use in the recovery stage according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove (16) is provided on a side of the backing plate (1) close to the patient, corresponding to the hammer head (31), so as to accommodate the hammer head (31); under normal conditions, the hammer head (31) is located in the groove (16).

4. The patient-assisted expectoration device for self-use in the recovery stage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opening diameter of the groove (16) is smaller than the maximum diameter of the hammer head (31), and the middle diameter of the groove (16) is larger than the maximum diameter of the hammer head (31).

5. The auxiliary expectoration device for self-use by patients in the recovery stage as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A spring (17) is provided between the through hole (15) and the piston (33) to provide elastic force for the piston (33) to return to its initial position.

6. The patient-assisted expectoration device for self-use in the recovery stage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic rubber layer (21) and the elastic airbag (34) both have elastic force to return to their initial state in the absence of external force.

7. The patient-assisted expectoration device for self-use in the recovery stage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameters of the multiple elastic air bags (34) gradually decrease from bottom to top.

8. The patient-assisted expectoration device for self-use in the recovery stage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The seat plate (11) and the back plate (12) are integrally formed, and the elastic rubber layer (21) is sealed and wrapped from the bottom of the seat plate (11) to the lower end of the back plate (13) to form the air cushion (2).

9. The auxiliary expectoration device for self-use by patients in the recovery stage as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The seat plate (11) and the back plate (12) are lockably connected in rotation, so that the angle between the seat plate (11) and the back plate (12) is adjustable; the air cushion (2) is arranged below the seat plate (11); the air cushion (2) is connected to the sealed air cavity (14) through a connecting channel or a pipeline.

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