An adjustable external ventricular drainage device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to an adjustable extracerebral ventricular drainage device. The adjustable extracerebral ventricular drainage device comprises a guide rail extending in a vertical direction, a sliding seat sleeved on the guide rail, the sliding seat being able to slide along the guide rail, a dropper bottle being arranged on the sliding seat, the dropper bottle comprising a first part and a second part being arranged separately in a vertical direction, the first part being provided with an air vent, the air vent connecting the dropper bottle and an external environment, the second part being configured to be able to elastically slide in a vertical direction relative to the first part according to the gravity of cerebrospinal fluid in the dropper bottle to change the volume of the dropper bottle, so that when there is no one on duty or the intracranial hypertension of the patient continues to rise, as the cerebrospinal fluid in the dropper bottle increases, the second part will increase the volume of the dropper bottle due to the downward movement of the cerebrospinal fluid gravity, thereby being able to effectively slow down the rising speed of the cerebrospinal fluid level in the dropper bottle, avoiding the vent being blocked by the liquid level rising to the height of the air vent, ensuring that the cerebrospinal fluid in the patient's skull can be discharged in time, and improving the safety of use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of external medical equipment, and in particular to an adjustable ventricular ventricular drainage device. Background Art

[0002] As a vital treatment method in the field of neurosurgery, external ventricular drainage plays a key role in clinical practice. Its main purpose is to relieve intracranial hypertension, reduce intracranial pressure, and thus improve cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorders. At the same time, it can promptly remove the fluid or blood in the ventricles, which plays an indispensable role in ensuring the normal physiological function of the patient's brain and promoting recovery.

[0003] When performing extraventricular drainage on a patient, an extraventricular drainage device is required. In the related technology, for example, Chinese patent application CN114732971A discloses an extraventricular drainage device. When the extraventricular drainage device is used, the drainage tube is implanted into the ventricle. Under the adsorption action of the adsorption device, the cerebrospinal fluid enters the inner cavity of the drainage tube through the drainage hole, and then enters the adsorption device, and is temporarily stored in the adsorption device, so as to facilitate the observation of the volume of the drained cerebrospinal fluid. When a certain amount is reached, the switch controller is turned on to guide the cerebrospinal fluid in the adsorption device into the collecting device to achieve the drainage of the cerebrospinal fluid.

[0004] However, existing extracerebral ventricular drain devices may also have some problems during actual use. For example, in medical scenarios, there may be a temporary unattended situation, or the patient's intracranial high pressure may continue to rise, causing the liquid level in the dropper to continue to rise. Once the liquid level rises to the height of the vent, the vent will be blocked. Once the vent is blocked, the cerebrospinal fluid in the patient's skull cannot be discharged in time, making it impossible to effectively control the intracranial pressure. This will not only affect the drainage effect, but may also cause a series of serious complications, posing a great threat to the patient's life and health. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an adjustable ventricular ventricular drainage device to address the low safety problem of current ventricular ventricular drainage equipment during use.

[0006] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An adjustable ventricular external drainage device, the adjustable ventricular external drainage device comprising a guide rail, the guide rail extending in a vertical direction, a sliding seat sleeved on the guide rail, the sliding seat capable of sliding along the guide rail, a dropper bottle arranged on the sliding seat, the dropper bottle comprising a first part and a second part separately arranged in a vertical direction, the first part being provided with a vent, the vent connecting the dropper bottle with an external environment to balance the air pressure inside the dropper bottle, the second part being configured to be able to elastically slide relative to the first part in a vertical direction according to the gravity of cerebrospinal fluid in the dropper bottle to change the volume of the dropper bottle The first end of the dropper bottle is connected to the ventricular tube through a first connecting tube, and the ventricular tube is configured to be inserted into the patient's ventricle. The first connecting tube is provided with a three-way stopcock and a flow regulator. The three-way stopcock is configured to cut off or open the fluid flow path in the first connecting tube, and the flow regulator is configured to adjust the fluid flow in the first connecting tube; the second end of the dropper bottle is connected to the drainage bag through a second connecting tube, and the drainage bag is configured to store cerebrospinal fluid. The second connecting tube is provided with a stop clamp, and the stop clamp is configured to cut off or open the fluid flow path in the second connecting tube.

[0008] Furthermore, a sliding part and an elastic member are inserted on the sliding seat, and the sliding part can slide in a vertical direction relative to the sliding seat; the second part is arranged on the sliding part; the elastic member is connected between the sliding part and the sliding seat, and under the action of the elastic member, the sliding part has a tendency to move upward in the vertical direction.

[0009] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided at the vent.

[0010] Furthermore, when the filter is clogged, the three-way stopcock and the stop clamp are closed, and the second part is pulled downward in the vertical direction for multiple times. Each time the second part is pulled, external gas can enter the dropper bottle through the filter. Then, when the second part is accelerated to move upward in the vertical direction under the action of elasticity, the air pressure in the dropper bottle increases, so that the gas in the dropper bottle can move from the inside to the outside to clean the filter.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustable external ventricular drainage device also includes a pushing mechanism, which is configured to crush the solid matter in the first connecting tube and push the solid matter into the drip bottle along the first connecting tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a guide bar, a sleeve and at least two push rods, the guide bar is spirally wound on the first connecting tube; the sleeve is sleeved on the guide bar and forms a spiral fit with the guide bar, the push rod is arranged on the sleeve and extends along the radial direction of the sleeve, a plurality of the push rods are arranged along the circumferential direction, and the push rods can slide along the radial direction of the sleeve to press on the first connecting tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustable external ventricular drainage device also includes a heating mechanism, and the heating mechanism is configured to heat the first connecting tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the heating mechanism includes a power supply and a heating wire, the power supply is arranged on the sliding seat, and is electrically connected to the heating wire, and is configured to be able to pass current into the heating wire; the heating wire is arranged on the first connecting tube.

[0015] Furthermore, the heating wire spiral is arranged on the inner spiral surface of the guide strip.

[0016] Furthermore, a scale is provided on the guide rail, the scale extends in a vertical direction, and is configured to indicate a height difference between the dropper bottle and the patient's head.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] During use of the adjustable extracerebral ventricular drainage device provided by the present invention, the sliding seat is first moved along the guide rail until the dropper bottle is located above the patient's head, and a suitable distance is maintained between the dropper bottle and the patient's head. The ventricular tube is then inserted into the patient's ventricle. The three-way stopcock and the stop clamp are then opened to form a complete flow path between the ventricular tube, the first connecting tube, the dropper bottle, the second connecting tube, and the drainage bag. The flow rate of the fluid in the first connecting tube is adjusted by the flow regulator. When the intracranial pressure of the patient increases, the cerebrospinal fluid in the patient's skull can flow through the ventricular tube, the first connecting tube, the second connecting tube, and the drainage bag in sequence under the action of the pressure difference. The tube, the dropper bottle, and the second connecting tube enter the drainage bag, thereby achieving the purpose of extracerebral drainage; when there is no one on duty or the patient's intracranial high pressure continues to rise, as the cerebrospinal fluid in the dropper bottle increases, the second part slides elastically downward under the action of the cerebrospinal fluid gravity, thereby increasing the volume of the dropper bottle. After the volume of the dropper bottle increases, the rising speed of the cerebrospinal fluid level in the dropper bottle can be effectively slowed down to avoid the liquid level rising to the height of the vent and blocking the vent, thereby ensuring that the cerebrospinal fluid in the patient's skull can be discharged in time, stably controlling the intracranial pressure, improving the drainage effect, reducing the risk of complications, and improving the safety of use.

[0019] Furthermore, when the filter is clogged, by closing the three-way stopcock and the stop clamp and pulling the second part downward in the vertical direction for multiple times, each time the second part is pulled, the external gas can enter the dropper bottle through the filter, and then when the second part accelerates to move upward in the vertical direction under the action of elasticity, the air pressure in the dropper bottle increases, so that the gas in the dropper bottle can move from the inside to the outside to clean the filter. Compared with the existing method of clearing the blockage of the vent by finger-tap, the method of clearing the blockage of the vent by gas can not only achieve comprehensive cleaning of the filter, but also can achieve thorough cleaning of the filter, thereby ensuring normal ventilation of the vent and maintaining the pressure balance in the dropper bottle.

[0020] Furthermore, by providing a pushing mechanism, when the first connecting tube is blocked, the solid matter in the first connecting tube can be crushed under the action of the pushing mechanism, and the solid matter can be pushed into the dropper bottle along the first connecting tube, thereby clearing the first connecting tube and ensuring the reliability of drainage by the external ventricular drainage device.

[0021] Furthermore, by providing a heating mechanism, during use, when the fat-containing substance in the intracranial tissue becomes solid at a low temperature and blocks the first connecting tube, the first connecting tube can be heated by the heating mechanism, thereby effectively melting the fat-containing substance in the intracranial tissue by increasing the temperature of the first connecting tube, thereby ensuring the normal conduction of the fluid flow path in the first connecting tube, and further ensuring the normal drainage of the external ventricular drainage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an adjustable external ventricular drainage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure at center A;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a dropper bottle of an adjustable external ventricular drainage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0027] in:

[0028] 1. Guide rail; 101. Triangular support leg; 2. Sliding seat; 201. Sliding part; 2011. Second clamp; 202. Compression spring; 203. Locking bolt; 204. First clamp; 205. Hanging rod; 3. Dropper; 301. First part; 3011. Ventilation port; 3012. Filter; 3013. Ventilation pipe; 3014. Connecting pipe; 302. Second part; 3021. Connecting hole; 303. Sealing ring; 4. First connecting pipe; 5. Ventilator tube; 6. Three-way stopcock; 7. Flow regulator; 8. Second connecting pipe; 9. Drainage bag; 10. Stop clamp; 11. Pushing mechanism; 1101. Guide strip; 1102. Jacket; 1103. Ejector rod; 12. Heating mechanism; 1201. Power supply; 1202. Wire; 13. Scale; 14. Placement rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] The serial numbers assigned to the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned herein, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0031] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the adjustable extracerebral ventricular drainage device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is used to achieve extracerebral ventricular drainage for patients, and is configured to include a guide rail 1, the guide rail 1 extends in the vertical direction, a sliding seat 2 is sleeved on the guide rail 1, the sliding seat 2 can slide along the guide rail 1, a dropper 3 is arranged on the sliding seat 2, the dropper 3 includes a first part 301 and a second part 302 which are separated and arranged in the vertical direction, the first part 301 is provided with a vent 3011, the vent 3011 connects the dropper 3 with the external environment to balance the air pressure inside the dropper 3, and the second part 302 is configured to be able to bounce relative to the first part 301 in the vertical direction according to the gravity of the cerebrospinal fluid in the dropper 3. The first end of the dropper bottle 3 is connected to the ventricular tube 5 through the first connecting tube 4, and the ventricular tube 5 is configured to be inserted into the patient's ventricle. The first connecting tube 4 is provided with a three-way stopcock 6 and a flow regulator 7. The three-way stopcock 6 is configured to cut off or open the fluid flow path in the first connecting tube 4, and the flow regulator 7 is configured to adjust the fluid flow in the first connecting tube 4; the second end of the dropper bottle 3 is connected to the drainage bag 9 through the second connecting tube 8, and the drainage bag 9 is configured to store cerebrospinal fluid. The second connecting tube 8 is provided with a stop clamp 10, and the stop clamp 10 is configured to cut off or open the fluid flow path in the second connecting tube 8.

[0033] Specifically in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the sliding seat 2 does not drive the dropper bottle 3 to move in other directions when moving along the guide rail 1, Figure 2 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the guide rail 1 is set to be a rectangle. The rectangular shape has clear geometric features, and its four sides are perpendicular to each other, which can provide precise guiding constraints for the sliding seat 2. Matching this, the sliding seat 2 is set to be an annular structure with a rectangular cross-sectional shape. This annular structure can enable the sliding seat 2 to be tightly fitted on the rectangular guide rail 1, and under the restriction of the rectangular shape, the sliding seat 2 can only slide in a straight line along the extension direction of the guide rail 1, effectively limiting the displacement trend of the sliding seat 2 in other directions, so that when the sliding seat 2 slides on the guide rail 1, it will not experience unstable phenomena such as shaking, offset or twisting, thereby ensuring the position accuracy and stability of the dropper bottle 3 during the movement.

[0034] In order to lock the position of the sliding seat 2 on the guide rail 1, Figure 2 As shown, a locking bolt 203 is passed through and threadedly inserted on the front side wall of the sliding seat 2. When in use, the front end of the locking bolt 203 is located outside the sliding seat 2 to facilitate manual rotation, and the rear end can frictionally abut against the front side wall of the guide rail 1 to lock the position of the sliding seat 2 and the drip bottle 3.

[0035] To avoid the occurrence of dead spots in the dropper bottle 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the dropper bottle 3 is configured as a cylindrical structure, and the first part 301 is configured as a cylindrical structure with an open bottom, the second part 302 is configured as a cylindrical structure with an open bottom, and the bottom opening of the second part 302 is connected to the second connecting tube 8, so that the cerebrospinal fluid in the second part 302 is introduced into the drainage bag 9 through the second connecting tube 8. When installing, the second part 302 is slidably inserted into the first part 301 at the top, and the bottom is suspended; a ventilation tube 3013 is vertically connected to the top of the first part 301, and the ventilation port 3011 is formed at the pipe mouth of the ventilation tube 3013; in the first part 3 A connecting pipe 3014 is vertically connected to the top of 01, and the connecting pipe 3014 is connected to the first connecting pipe 4; to facilitate the connection between the first part 301 and the second part 302, a plurality of connecting holes 3021 are provided on the top of the second part 302, so that when the cerebrospinal fluid enters the first part 301 from the first connecting pipe 4 and the connecting pipe 3014 in turn, it can then enter the second part 302 through the connecting holes 3021; ​​to improve the sliding sealing between the second part 302 and the first part 301, a sealing ring 303 is fixedly sleeved on the top outer peripheral wall of the second part 302.

[0036] Optionally, the connecting tube 3014 can be configured to be sleeved on the first connecting tube 4 to improve the fluidity of the cerebrospinal fluid flowing from the first connecting tube 4 to the connecting tube 3014 , thereby making it easier for the cerebrospinal fluid to flow into the dropper bottle 3 .

[0037] Optionally, the connecting tube 3014 can be arranged coaxially with the first part 301, so as to maximize the symmetry and smoothness of the flow path of the cerebrospinal fluid when it flows from the first connecting tube 4 to the connecting tube 3014 and then enters the first part 301, and the multiple connecting holes 3021 can be evenly divided into multiple groups, and the multiple groups of connecting holes 3021 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the connecting holes 3021 of the same group are arranged along the radial direction of the second part 302. In this way, when the cerebrospinal fluid enters the first part 301 from the first connecting tube 4 and the connecting tube 3014 in turn, the multiple groups of connecting holes 3021 evenly arranged along the circumferential direction can allow the cerebrospinal fluid to have the opportunity to enter the second part 302 in the circumferential direction, avoiding the poor flow of cerebrospinal fluid in some areas due to the uneven distribution of the connecting holes 3021, and effectively preventing the occurrence of flow dead points in the dropper bottle 3.

[0038] To facilitate the installation of the dropper bottle 3, as Figure 2As shown, two first clamping plates 204 are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction on the left side wall of the sliding seat 2. The first clamping plates 204 are arranged in an arc-shaped structure. The concave surfaces of the two first clamping plates 204 are arranged opposite to each other. When the dropper bottle 3 is installed, the first part 301 is inserted into the two first clamping plates 204 and clamped by the two first clamping plates 204. Optionally, the first clamping plates 204 can be arranged to have elasticity. In this way, when the dropper bottle 3 is installed, one of the first clamping plates 204 can be first driven to move away from the other first clamping plate 204, and then the dropper bottle 3 can be quickly placed between the two first clamping plates 204, and then the first clamping plate 204 moved above is released. The first clamping plate 204 is reset under its own elasticity and clamps the dropper bottle 3.

[0039] Optionally, in order to further improve the stability of the first clamping plate 204 when clamping the dropper bottle 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, a first annular slot is provided on the bottom peripheral wall of the first part 301, and the first clamping plate 204 can be inserted into the first slot during installation and form a snap-fit ​​with the first slot. In this way, when the first clamping plate 204 is inserted into the first slot and snap-fitted, a more precise limit can be formed on the dropper bottle 3 in the horizontal direction. Compared with simply relying on the elastic clamping of the first clamping plate 204, this snap-fitting method greatly enhances the firmness of the connection between the dropper bottle 3 and the first clamping plate 204.

[0040] To facilitate the installation of the drainage bag 9, Figure 2 As shown, a hanging rod 205 is arranged on the rear side wall of the sliding seat 2, and the hanging rod 205 is arranged to be an L-shaped structure, and the bent end of the hanging rod 205 is arranged upward, and a mounting hole is opened on the top of the drainage bag 9. When installing, the drainage bag 9 is connected to the hanging rod 205 through the mounting hole, and is prevented from falling off by the obstruction of the bent end of the hanging rod 205.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the flow regulator 7 can adopt the existing roller flow regulator; the ventricular tube 5, the three-way stopcock 6 and the flow-stop clamp 10 can all adopt the existing structure, which will not be described in detail.

[0042] Optionally, the guide rail 1 can be set to be fixed on the ground. This fixed setting method can significantly improve the accuracy and stability of the guide rail 1 during guidance, that is, when the guide rail 1 is fixed to the ground, its position will not move. In the process of the sliding seat 2 sliding along the guide rail 1, it can provide a stable and reliable guiding path for it, ensure the position accuracy of the dropper bottle 3 during the movement, avoid errors caused by the displacement of the guide rail 1, and provide a solid foundation for precise drainage operations.

[0043] Optionally, considering the complexity of the clinical use environment, the guide rail 1 can also be set to be able to arbitrarily change its position on the ground. This movable design greatly improves the applicability of the device and enables it to better adapt to complex use environments. For example, in a ward with limited space, or when a patient needs to be urgently transported, the movable guide rail 1 can easily adjust its position to ensure that the external ventricular drainage device is always in the best working position without affecting the operation of medical staff and the treatment of patients.

[0044] More specifically, in order to improve the support stability of the guide rail 1 on the ground, as Figure 1 As shown, a triangular support leg 101 is provided at the bottom of the guide rail 1. The triangle has a geometric characteristic of strong stability. The triangular support leg 101 is provided at the bottom of the guide rail 1, which can effectively disperse the weight borne by the guide rail 1, increase the friction between the guide rail 1 and the ground, and prevent the guide rail 1 from shaking, tipping over, etc. during use, thereby ensuring that when the guide rail 1 has a certain position on the ground, it can reliably play a guiding role.

[0045] Initially, the locking bolt 203 is located away from the guide rail 1, and the three-way cock 6 and the stop clamp 10 are both in a closed state.

[0046] During use, first move the sliding seat 2 along the guide rail 1 until the dropper bottle 3 is above the patient's head and there is a suitable distance between the dropper bottle 3 and the patient's head, and then rotate the locking bolt 203 so that the locking bolt 203 rubs against the guide rail 1 to lock the position of the sliding seat 2 and the dropper bottle 3; then insert the ventricular tube 5 into the patient's ventricle, and then open the three-way stopcock 6 and the flow stop clamp 10 to form a complete flow path between the ventricular tube 5, the first connecting tube 4, the dropper bottle 3, the second connecting tube 8 and the drainage bag 9, and adjust the fluid flow in the first connecting tube 4 by the roller flow regulator.

[0047] When the patient's intracranial pressure increases, under the action of the pressure difference, the cerebrospinal fluid in the patient's skull enters the first part 301 through the ventricular tube 5, the first connecting tube 4, and the connecting tube 3014 in turn, then passes through the connecting hole 3021 to enter the second part 302, and then enters the drainage bag 9 through the second connecting tube 8, thereby achieving the purpose of extraventricular drainage.

[0048] When there is no one on duty or the patient's intracranial hypertension continues to rise, as the cerebrospinal fluid in the dropper bottle 3 increases, the second part 302 slides elastically downward under the action of the gravity of the cerebrospinal fluid, thereby increasing the volume of the dropper bottle 3. After the volume of the dropper bottle 3 increases, the rising speed of the cerebrospinal fluid level in the dropper bottle 3 can be effectively slowed down to prevent the liquid level from rising to the height of the vent 3011 and blocking the vent 3011, thereby ensuring that the cerebrospinal fluid in the patient's skull can be discharged in time, stably controlling the intracranial pressure, improving the drainage effect, reducing the risk of complications, and improving the safety of use.

[0049] Furthermore, a sliding portion 201 and an elastic member are inserted on the sliding seat 2, and the sliding portion 201 can slide in the vertical direction relative to the sliding seat 2; the second part 302 is arranged on the sliding portion 201; the elastic member is connected between the sliding portion 201 and the sliding seat 2, and under the action of the elastic member, the sliding portion 201 has a tendency to move upward in the vertical direction.

[0050] Specifically in this embodiment, in order to provide the sliding portion 201 with a free amount of sliding in the vertical direction, a sliding groove is provided on the left side wall of the sliding seat 2, and the sliding groove extends in the vertical direction. Figure 2 As shown, the sliding portion 201 is configured as a strip-shaped plate-like structure, and extends in the horizontal direction, and is slidably inserted in the slide groove; the elastic member can be configured as a compression spring 202, and the compression spring 202 is vertically inserted in the slide groove, and the top end is arranged at the bottom of the sliding portion 201, and the bottom end is arranged at the bottom of the slide groove. Under the action of the compression spring 202, the sliding portion 201 has a tendency to move upward in the vertical direction.

[0051] Specifically, in order to ensure the stability of the compression spring 202 during deformation, support rods are vertically arranged at the bottom of the sliding part 201 and the bottom of the slide groove. The support rods are inserted into the compression spring 202 during installation to support the compression spring 202 in the vertical direction and prevent the compression spring 202 from deforming in other directions.

[0052] To facilitate the installation of the dropper bottle 3, as Figure 2 As shown, two second clamping plates 2011 are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction on the left side wall of the sliding part 201, and the second clamping plates 2011 are arranged in an arc-shaped structure. The concave surfaces of the two second clamping plates 2011 are arranged opposite to each other. When the dropper 3 is installed, the second part 302 is inserted into the two second clamping plates 2011 and clamped by the two second clamping plates 2011. Optionally, the second clamping plates 2011 can be arranged to have elasticity, so that when the dropper 3 is installed, one of the second clamping plates 2011 can be first driven to move away from the other second clamping plate 2011, and then the dropper 3 can be quickly placed between the two second clamping plates 2011, and then the second clamping plates 2011 moved as mentioned above are released, and the second clamping plates 2011 are reset under the action of their own elasticity and clamp the dropper 3.

[0053] Optionally, in order to further improve the stability of the second clamping plate 2011 when clamping the dropper bottle 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, a second annular slot is provided on the bottom peripheral wall of the second part 302, and the second clamping plate 2011 can be inserted into the second slot during installation and form a snap-fit ​​with the second slot. In this way, when the second clamping plate 2011 is inserted into the second slot and snap-fitted, a more precise limit can be formed on the dropper bottle 3 in the horizontal direction. Compared with simply relying on the elastic clamping of the second clamping plate 2011, this snap-fitting method greatly enhances the firmness of the connection between the dropper bottle 3 and the second clamping plate 2011.

[0054] During use, when the amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the dropper bottle 3 increases, since the cerebrospinal fluid is mainly concentrated between the first part 301 and the second part 302 at this time, the second part 302 moves downward in the vertical direction relative to the first part 301 under the action of the gravity of the cerebrospinal fluid. While increasing the volume of the dropper bottle 3, the second part 302 synchronously drives the sliding part 201 to move downward through the clamping connection between the second slot and the second splint 2011, and at the same time compresses the compression spring 202 to achieve elastic sliding of the second part 302.

[0055] When the amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the dropper bottle 3 decreases, the sliding part 201 under the action of the compression spring 202 synchronously drives the second part 302 to move upward through the clamping connection between the second slot and the second clamping plate 2011 to achieve reset.

[0056] In other embodiments, in order to prevent solid impurities such as dust from directly passing through the vent 3011 and entering the dropper bottle 3, causing contamination of the cerebrospinal fluid, a filter 3012 is provided at the vent 3011.

[0057] Specifically in this embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the filter screen 3012 is inserted at the pipe mouth of the ventilation pipe 3013, so as to intercept solid impurities such as dust.

[0058] In a further embodiment, when the vent 3011 is blocked, the existing method of generally using fingers to tap is used to restore the ventilation of the vent 3011. The finger-tapping method of the vent 3011 only uses external force to vibrate, hoping to make impurities attached to the vicinity of the vent 3011 fall off. This method is highly random, and the cleaning effect is difficult to guarantee, and may cause damage to the equipment due to improper force. To solve this problem, it is set that when the filter 3012 is blocked, the three-way stopcock 6 and the stop clamp 10 are closed, and the second part 302 is pulled downward in the vertical direction for multiple times. Each time the second part 302 is pulled, the external gas can enter the dropper bottle 3 through the filter 3012. Then, when the second part 302 is accelerated to move upward in the vertical direction under the action of elasticity, the air pressure in the dropper bottle 3 increases, so that the gas in the dropper bottle 3 can move from the inside to the outside to clean the filter 3012.

[0059] Specifically in this embodiment, when the filter 3012 is blocked, the operator first closes the three-way stopcock 6 and the stop clamp 10 to block the flow of liquid in the drainage pipeline, ensuring that the cleaning process does not interfere with the drainage operation; then, the second part 302 of the dropper bottle 3 is pulled downward in the vertical direction for multiple times; each time the second part 302 is pulled, due to the pressure difference between the inside of the dropper bottle 3 and the external environment, the external gas can enter the dropper bottle 3 through the filter 3012.

[0060] When the pulling operation is completed and the second part 302 is released, the second part 302 will accelerate to move upward in the vertical direction under the action of elasticity. At this time, the space in the dropper bottle 3 is rapidly reduced. According to the gas state equation, when the gas mass remains unchanged, the volume reduction will cause the air pressure in the dropper bottle 3 to increase. The increased air pressure allows the gas in the dropper bottle 3 to move at high speed from the inside to the outside. The strong airflow impacts the filter 3012, and the impurities attached to the filter 3012 are removed, thereby cleaning the filter 3012. Compared with the existing method of clearing the blockage of the vent 3011 by finger-tap, the method of clearing the blockage of the vent 3011 by gas can not only achieve comprehensive cleaning of the filter 3012, but also achieve thorough cleaning of the filter 3012, thereby ensuring normal ventilation of the vent 3011, and maintaining the pressure balance in the dropper bottle 3.

[0061] In other embodiments, when cerebrospinal fluid enters the first connecting tube 4 through the ventricular tube 5, due to brain diseases or trauma, the cerebrospinal fluid often contains blood clots. The presence of these blood clots will seriously hinder the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid. Once the blood clots accumulate in the first connecting tube 4, it is very likely to cause blockage in the first connecting tube 4. After the first connecting tube 4 is blocked, the cerebrospinal fluid cannot pass smoothly, which will increase the pressure in the ventricle and affect the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid, not only reducing the drainage effect, but also may cause the patient to have a headache, vomiting and other symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, and even pose a serious threat to the patient's life and health. To solve this problem, the adjustable extraventricular drainage device also includes a pushing mechanism 11, which is configured to crush the solid matter in the first connecting tube 4 and push the solid matter along the first connecting tube 4 into the dropper bottle 3. In this way, when the first connecting tube 4 is blocked, the solid matter in the first connecting tube 4 can be crushed under the action of the pushing mechanism 11, and the solid matter can be pushed into the drip bottle 3 along the first connecting tube 4, thereby clearing the first connecting tube 4 and ensuring the reliability of the external ventricular drainage device during drainage.

[0062] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism 11 is configured to include a guide bar 1101, a jacket 1102 and at least two push rods 1103, the guide bar 1101 is spirally wound on the first connecting tube 4; the jacket 1102 is sleeved on the guide bar 1101 and forms a spiral fit with the guide bar 1101, the push rods 1103 are arranged on the jacket 1102 and extend along the radial direction of the jacket 1102, and multiple push rods 1103 are arranged along the circumferential direction, and the push rods 1103 can slide along the radial direction of the jacket 1102 to press on the first connecting tube 4.

[0063] Specifically in this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the guide strip 1101 is arranged to be fixedly wound around the first connecting tube 4 along the direction of the ventricular tube 5 toward the dropper bottle 3 in the clockwise direction; in order to facilitate the spiral fit with the guide strip 1101, a spiral groove is provided on the inner circumferential wall of the jacket 1102; the number of the push rods 1103 can be two, and they are symmetrically arranged on the jacket 1102, and the push rods 1103 are inserted into the spiral channel formed by the guide strip 1101 during installation, so as to press against the outer circumferential wall of the first connecting tube 4; the push rod 1103 is arranged to penetrate and be threadedly inserted into the jacket 1102, so as to be able to adjust the degree of squeezing of the first connecting tube 4 by the push rod 1103, and then to be able to adaptively adjust the squeezing force on the blood clot.

[0064] During use, when the first connecting tube 4 is blocked, first, the two push rods 1103 are driven to screw inward into the jacket 1102 and clamped on both sides of the first connecting tube 4; then the jacket 1102 is rotated so that the jacket 1102 rotates while moving along the guide strip 1101 toward the direction close to the dropper bottle 3; during the movement of the jacket 1102, under the push of the two push rods 1103, the contact and relative movement between the two push rods 1103 and the blood clot are utilized to break the larger blood clot into small pieces, and at the same time, the broken blood clot can be smoothly pushed into the dropper bottle 3 along the first connecting tube 4; in this way, the circulation channel in the first connecting tube 4 can be kept unobstructed, and the cerebrospinal fluid can flow into the dropper bottle 3 continuously and stably, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the entire extraventricular drainage process.

[0065] In a further embodiment, when the patient's environment temperature is low, or under certain special pathological conditions, the fat-containing substances in the intracranial tissue will undergo a physical state change. Due to its melting point characteristics, in a low-temperature environment, the fat-containing substances will change from liquid to solid. Once these solid substances enter the first connecting tube 4 with the cerebrospinal fluid and accumulate, they will act like blockages, seriously hindering the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid. Similar to blood clot blockage, once a large amount of fat-containing solids accumulate in the first connecting tube 4, it is very likely to cause complete blockage of the first connecting tube 4. The first connecting tube 4 is a key channel for cerebrospinal fluid to flow from the ventricles to the drainage device. Once blocked, the cerebrospinal fluid cannot pass smoothly, which will inevitably lead to a sharp increase in intraventricular pressure. The increase in intraventricular pressure will not only seriously affect the circulation and metabolism of cerebrospinal fluid, but may also cause a series of serious complications. To solve this problem, the adjustable extraventricular drainage device also includes a heating mechanism 12, and the heating mechanism 12 is configured to heat the first connecting tube 4. In this way, when the fat-containing substance in the intracranial tissue turns into a solid at a relatively low temperature and blocks the first connecting tube 4, the first connecting tube 4 can be heated by the heating mechanism 12, thereby effectively melting the fat-containing substance in the intracranial tissue by increasing the temperature of the first connecting tube 4, thereby ensuring the normal conduction of the fluid flow path in the first connecting tube 4, and further ensuring the normal drainage of the external ventricular drainage device.

[0066] Furthermore, the heating mechanism 12 is configured to include a power supply 1201 and a heating wire. The power supply 1201 is disposed on the sliding seat 2 , and is electrically connected to the heating wire and configured to be able to pass current into the heating wire. The heating wire is disposed on the first connecting tube 4 .

[0067] Specifically in this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the power supply 1201 is arranged on the front side wall of the sliding seat 2 and is electrically connected to the heating wire through the wire 1202.

[0068] During use, when the fat-containing substance in the intracranial tissue becomes solid and blocks the first connecting tube 4 at a low temperature, the power supply 1201 is started, and the power supply 1201 transmits current to the heating wire through the wire 1202. The heating wire converts electrical energy into thermal energy to heat the first connecting tube 4; as the temperature of the first connecting tube 4 gradually increases, the solid fat-containing substance absorbs heat and melts back into liquid, and the liquid fat-containing substance can smoothly pass through the first connecting tube 4 with the flow of cerebrospinal fluid and enter the subsequent drainage link to ensure the normal external ventricular drainage.

[0069] In a further embodiment, in order to improve the heating effect of the heating wire on the first connecting tube 4, the heating wire is spirally arranged on the inner spiral surface of the guide strip 1101. This arrangement can make the heating wire fit tightly against the first connecting tube 4, and due to the spiral distribution, the heating area is greatly increased. When the current passes through the heating wire to generate heat, the heat can be evenly and efficiently transferred to the first connecting tube 4, ensuring that the first connecting tube 4 is heated evenly and avoiding local overheating or insufficient heating, thereby effectively improving the melting effect of the fat-containing substance in the intracranial tissue that has solidified due to the low temperature, and ensuring the smooth flow of the fluid in the first connecting tube 4.

[0070] In other embodiments, the heating wire can also be configured to be spirally inserted in the guide bar 1101. In this way, the guide bar 1101 can not only provide physical support and protection for the heating wire, prevent the heating wire from being damaged by external forces during the operation of the device, and extend the service life of the heating wire; at the same time, the guide bar 1101, as a heat conduction medium, can optimize the heat conduction path to a certain extent, so that the heat generated by the heating wire can be more concentratedly transferred to the first connecting tube 4.

[0071] In other embodiments, considering the importance of accurately adjusting the height of the dropper bottle 3 to ensure the drainage effect during the extraventricular drainage operation and to improve the efficiency of adjusting the height of the dropper bottle 3, a scale 13 is provided on the guide rail 1, and the scale 13 extends in the vertical direction and is configured to indicate the height difference between the dropper bottle 3 and the patient's head.

[0072] During use, the operator can conveniently adjust the position of the sliding seat 2 on the guide rail 1 by referring to the scale 13. This method makes the adjustment process more intuitive and efficient, and is convenient for the operator to quickly judge the difference between the current height of the dropper bottle 3 and the ideal height, so as to quickly make adjustments; compared with the case where there is no scale 13, the accuracy and efficiency of adjusting the height of the dropper bottle 3 are greatly improved. At the same time, it also avoids the dropper bottle 3 being too high or too low due to blind adjustment. If the height of the dropper bottle 3 is too high, the cerebrospinal fluid drainage speed will be too slow, and the intracranial pressure cannot be effectively reduced in time; if the height of the dropper bottle 3 is too low, the cerebrospinal fluid drainage speed will be too fast, which may cause a sudden drop in intracranial pressure, leading to serious complications such as brain tissue displacement and bleeding.

[0073] In other embodiments, in order to facilitate temporary placement of drainage equipment or other medical equipment, the adjustable external ventricular drainage device also includes a placement frame 14.

[0074] In combination with the above embodiments, the use principle and working process of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0075] When no cerebrospinal fluid flows out of the ventricular tube 5, it may be that the pressure in the skull and the drip bottle 3 is balanced, or the vent 3011 or the first connecting tube 4 is blocked. At this time, the second part 302 can be slowly pulled down first to observe whether cerebrospinal fluid flows out of the ventricular tube 5. If so, it means that the pressure in the skull and the drip bottle 3 is balanced. If not, it means that the vent 3011 or the first connecting tube 4 is blocked.

[0076] When no cerebrospinal fluid flows out of the ventricular tube 5, first close the three-way stopcock 6 and the stop clamp 10, and pull the second part 302 downward in the vertical direction for multiple times. Each time the second part 302 is pulled, the external gas can enter the dropper bottle 3 through the filter 3012. Then, when the second part 302 accelerates to move upward in the vertical direction under the action of elasticity, the air pressure in the dropper bottle 3 increases, so that the gas in the dropper bottle 3 can move from the inside to the outside to clean the filter 3012; then open the three-way stopcock 6 and the stop clamp 10 to observe whether there is cerebrospinal fluid flowing out of the ventricular tube 5. If so, it means that the vent 3011 is blocked. If not, it means that the first connecting tube 4 is blocked.

[0077] When there is no cerebrospinal fluid flowing out of the ventricular tube 5, first, the two push rods 1103 are driven to screw inward into the jacket 1102 and clamped on both sides of the first connecting tube 4, and then the jacket 1102 is rotated so that the jacket 1102 rotates and moves along the guide strip 1101 toward the direction close to the dropper bottle 3; during the movement of the jacket 1102, under the push of the two push rods 1103, the contact and relative movement between the two push rods 1103 and the blood clot are utilized to break the larger blood clot into small pieces, and at the same time, the broken blood clot can be smoothly pushed into the dropper bottle 3 along the first connecting tube 4.

[0078] In addition, when a yellowish solid substance appears in the drainage bag 9 or the dropper bottle 3, it indicates that the fat-containing substance in the intracranial tissue has become solid. At this time, the power supply 1201 is started, and the power supply 1201 transmits current to the heating wire through the wire 1202. The heating wire converts electrical energy into thermal energy to heat the first connecting tube 4; as the temperature of the first connecting tube 4 gradually increases, the solid fat-containing substance absorbs heat and melts back into liquid. The liquid fat-containing substance can pass through the first connecting tube 4 smoothly with the flow of cerebrospinal fluid and enter the subsequent drainage link to ensure the normal external ventricular drainage.

[0079] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0080] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable external ventricular drainage device, characterized in that: The adjustable extraventricular drainage device comprises a guide rail, which extends in a vertical direction. A sliding seat is sleeved on the guide rail, and the sliding seat can slide along the guide rail. A dropper is arranged on the sliding seat, and the dropper comprises a first part and a second part which are separated and arranged in a vertical direction. The first part is provided with a vent, and the vent connects the dropper with the external environment to balance the air pressure inside the dropper. The second part is configured to be able to elastically slide relative to the first part in a vertical direction according to the gravity of the cerebrospinal fluid in the dropper to change the volume of the dropper. The first end is connected to the ventricular tube through a first connecting tube, and the ventricular tube is configured to be inserted into the patient's ventricle. The first connecting tube is provided with a three-way stopcock and a flow regulator. The three-way stopcock is configured to cut off or open the fluid flow path in the first connecting tube, and the flow regulator is configured to adjust the fluid flow in the first connecting tube; the second end of the dropper bottle is connected to the drainage bag through a second connecting tube, and the drainage bag is configured to store cerebrospinal fluid. The second connecting tube is provided with a stop clamp, and the stop clamp is configured to cut off or open the fluid flow path in the second connecting tube.

2. The adjustable external ventricular drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding part and an elastic member are inserted on the sliding seat, and the sliding part can slide in a vertical direction relative to the sliding seat; the second part is arranged on the sliding part; the elastic member is connected between the sliding part and the sliding seat, and under the action of the elastic member, the sliding part has a tendency to move upward in the vertical direction.

3. The adjustable external ventricular drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen is arranged at the vent.

4. The adjustable external ventricular drainage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the filter is clogged, close the three-way stopcock and the stop clamp, and pull the second part downward in the vertical direction for multiple times. Each time the second part is pulled, external gas can enter the dropper bottle through the filter. Then, when the second part is accelerated to move upward in the vertical direction under the action of elasticity, the air pressure in the dropper bottle increases, so that the gas in the dropper bottle can move from the inside to the outside to clean the filter.

5. The adjustable external ventricular drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable external ventricular drainage device further comprises a pushing mechanism, which is configured to crush the solid matter in the first connecting tube and push the solid matter into the dropper bottle along the first connecting tube.

6. The adjustable external ventricular drainage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism includes a guide bar, a jacket and at least two push rods, the guide bar is spirally wound on the first connecting tube; the jacket is sleeved on the guide bar and forms a spiral fit with the guide bar, the push rod is arranged on the jacket and extends along the radial direction of the jacket, and multiple push rods are arranged along the circumferential direction. The push rods can slide along the radial direction of the jacket to press on the first connecting tube.

7. The adjustable external ventricular drainage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustable external ventricular drainage device further comprises a heating mechanism, and the heating mechanism is configured to heat the first connecting tube.

8. The adjustable external ventricular drainage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating mechanism includes a power source and a heating wire. The power source is arranged on the sliding seat, electrically connected to the heating wire, and configured to allow current to flow into the heating wire. The heating wire is arranged on the first connecting tube.

9. The adjustable external ventricular drainage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heating wire spiral is arranged on the inner spiral surface of the guide strip.

10. The adjustable external ventricular drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail is provided with a scale, which extends in a vertical direction and is configured to indicate a height difference between the dropper bottle and the patient's head.

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