A low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from a shaking table tailing

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of mineral processing, in particular to a beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from table tailings at low cost. The present application removes most of the weak magnetic, fine particle gangue minerals and fine sludge by strong magnetic separation, cyclone classification and centrifugal gravity separation, and uses an adjusting agent composed of tannic acid, aluminum sulfate and water glass, a hydroxamic acid collector and an auxiliary collector composed of fusel oil and phosphoric acid polyesters to pre-enrich the product, and adopts a magnetic-gravity-flotation combined process to effectively realize efficient enrichment and recovery of cassiterite in table tailings. The present application reduces the amount of tin flotation and reagent consumption by pretreating table tailings, significantly improves the recovery rate of cassiterite and the grade of tin concentrate, and has a significant effect on the recovery of tin ores mainly composed of tourmaline, mica and other silicate minerals, thereby realizing efficient development and utilization of tin resources, avoiding waste of tin resources, reducing the cost of tin flotation, and improving the efficiency of the beneficiation plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing technology, and in particular to a low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, tin metal is mainly derived from cassiterite, which has a specific gravity of 6.8 g / cm³. 3 Gangue minerals generally have a specific gravity of less than 3 g / cm³. 3 Since cassiterite and tin have significantly different specific gravities, gravity separation is the primary method for cassiterite recovery. Currently, the most widely used gravity separation equipment in industry is the shaking table. However, shaking tables are suitable for processing products with a particle size of +0.074 mm, but their recovery effect on tin particles smaller than -0.038 mm is poor. This portion of tin often ends up in the shaking table tailings, and since cassiterite is easily crushed by excessive grinding, the tin loss rate in the shaking table tailings is high. To recover as much of this tin as possible, flotation is often used. However, flotation feeds often have high fine mud content and poor collector selectivity, leading to low flotation concentrate grades, low flotation recovery rates, and high flotation costs. These unfavorable factors limit the widespread adoption of cassiterite flotation. When tin prices are low, the revenue from tin flotation is often less than the cost, forcing concentrators to shut down their flotation systems, resulting in resource waste.

[0003] When using flotation to recover tin, due to reagent selectivity and interference from gangue minerals, some gangue still enters the flotation concentrate, mainly including iron-containing silicate minerals such as tourmaline, amphibole, and feldspar. Therefore, the flotation process is difficult to obtain high-grade tin concentrate products (tin grade around 30%), and can only obtain flotation concentrates with a tin grade of around 3-10%. For example, Chinese patent application CN112547326A discloses a method for recovering tin metal from low-grade tin tailings. After slurry preparation, the tin tailings are classified by hydrocyclone. After classification, the +0.045mm particle size minerals are ground to -0.015mm, accounting for 100%. Then, the classified -0.045mm product is combined with the ground -0.015mm product for pre-enrichment. The enriched concentrate is then subjected to flotation to remove impurities, and after removing calcium-containing impurities, it is washed with water, de-reagented, and concentrated. However, using this method for cassiterite flotation can only obtain a rich-medium ore product with a tin grade greater than 5%. This type of flotation concentrate can only be sold as low-grade tin concentrate, and its selling price is only about 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of that of high-grade tin concentrate. Currently, flotation concentrates with a tin grade below 3% (smelting requirements are above 3%) are often added to high-grade concentrates through blending, resulting in reduced tin profitability. Tin concentrates are generally smelted and processed in a centralized manner at different locations. The transportation cost for the same amount of tin metal in low-grade tin concentrate is 5-10 times that of high-grade tin concentrate, further weakening its value and affecting the recovery and utilization of tin from low-grade tin concentrates.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve resource utilization while increasing the grade of cassiterite flotation concentrate and reducing flotation costs, so that the benefits obtained by enterprises in tin flotation can fully cope with the production pressure of tin flotation caused by tin price fluctuations, is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a low-cost mineral processing method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings. The mineral processing method provided by this invention reduces the amount of tin flotation material and reagents required by pre-treating the shaking table tailings, significantly improving the cassiterite recovery rate and tin concentrate grade. It is particularly effective in recovering tin ore composed mainly of silicate minerals such as tourmaline and mica, thereby achieving efficient development and utilization of tin resources, avoiding waste, reducing tin flotation costs, improving plant efficiency, and enabling enterprises to effectively cope with the production pressure of tin flotation caused by tin price fluctuations.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0007] A low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: Perform strong magnetic roughing separation on the shaking table tailings to obtain strong magnetic rough concentrate and strong magnetic roughing tailings; perform strong magnetic cleaning separation on the strong magnetic rough concentrate to obtain strong magnetic cleaned concentrate and strong magnetic cleaned tailings; combine the strong magnetic roughing tailings and strong magnetic cleaned tailings to obtain strong magnetic tailings.

[0009] S2: The strong magnetic tailings are classified by hydrocyclone to obtain coarse products and fine and fine mud products respectively.

[0010] S3: The fine-particle and fine-sludge products are separated by centrifugal gravity separation to obtain centrifugal concentrate and centrifugal tailings, respectively.

[0011] S4: Combine the centrifuged concentrate and coarse products, and perform flotation roughing to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings; perform cleaning operation 1 on the roughing concentrate to obtain cleaning concentrate 1 and cleaning tailings 1; perform cleaning operation 2 on the cleaning concentrate 1 to obtain cleaning concentrate 2 and cleaning tailings 2; perform cleaning operation 3 on the cleaning concentrate 2 to obtain flotation concentrate and cleaning tailings 3; send the roughing tailings to scavenging to obtain scavenging concentrate and flotation tailings; wherein the scavenging concentrate and cleaning tailings 1 are returned to the flotation roughing operation, the cleaning tailings 2 are returned to the cleaning operation 1, and the cleaning tailings 3 are returned to the cleaning operation 2.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S1, the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic coarse separation operation is 1.2T to 1.5T.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S1, the magnetic field strength of the strong magnetic selection operation is 1.0T to 1.3T.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the grading particle size of the hydrocyclone is 10-30 μm, the diameter of the hydrocyclone is 100-150 mm, and the feed pressure of the hydrocyclone is 0.15-0.45 MPa.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the centrifugal equipment used in the centrifugal gravity separation operation is a Falcon centrifuge, with a feed concentration of 15-20%, a centrifugal acceleration of 220-280G, and an operating pressure of 120-140PSI.

[0016] Further, the flotation roughing operation in step S4 includes: adding a conditioning agent and stirring for 10-25 minutes; adding a collector and stirring for 10-20 minutes; adding an auxiliary collector and stirring for 10-15 minutes.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S4, during the processes of selection 1, selection 2, and selection 3, a modifier is added and stirred for 3-10 minutes; during the scavenging process, a collector is added and stirred for 10-15 minutes, and an auxiliary collector is added and stirred for 10-15 minutes.

[0018] Furthermore, the dosage of the modifier is 1000-1500 g / t, the dosage of the collector is 300-500 g / t, and the dosage of the auxiliary collector is 40-80 g / t.

[0019] Furthermore, the amount of modifier added during the first fine selection process is 400-600 g / t; the amount of modifier added during the second fine selection process is 200-300 g / t; the amount of modifier added during the third fine selection process is 200-300 g / t; the amount of collector added during the scavenging process is 75-125 g / t, and the amount of auxiliary collector added is 10-20 g / t.

[0020] Furthermore, the modifier is prepared by mixing tannic acid, aluminum sulfate and water glass in a mass ratio of 1:2-3:6-9.

[0021] Furthermore, the collector includes 1-hydroxy-2-naphthomic acid and dihydroxybenzoic acid compounds.

[0022] Furthermore, the collector is prepared by mixing 1-hydroxy-2-naphthomic acid and dihydroxybenzyl hydroxamic acid compounds in a mass ratio of 1:2-3.

[0023] Furthermore, the dihydroxybenzohydroxyoxime acid compound is 2,3-dihydroxybenzohydroxyoxime acid or 3,4-dihydroxybenzohydroxyoxime acid.

[0024] Furthermore, the auxiliary collector is prepared by mixing fusel oil and triphosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1-2.

[0025] The raw material tailings processed by the method of the present invention are tailings products from vein tin ore, with the main gangue minerals being silicate minerals such as quartz, tourmaline, and mica, after being separated by a shaking table.

[0026] The tin grade of the flotation tin concentrate product obtained after processing by the method of the present invention is >30%.

[0027] The present invention provides a low-cost mineral processing method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings. The processing object is the tailings product after shaking table separation of vein cassiterite and the main gangue minerals are silicate minerals such as quartz, tourmaline, and mica. First, this invention utilizes the weak magnetic properties of iron-containing silicate minerals such as tourmaline, amphibole, and pyroxene, while cassiterite is non-magnetic. A high magnetic field is used to remove most of the magnetic minerals. The strongly magnetic tailings are then classified using a hydrocyclone to obtain coarse-grained products and fine-grained and fine-mud products. The fine-grained and fine-mud products are fed into a centrifuge, where the strong centrifugal force removes fine mud and gangue impurities, enriches cassiterite, and yields a centrifuged concentrate with low fine mud content and high tin grade. The obtained centrifuged concentrate and hydrocyclone sediment are then fed into a tin flotation process. This process employs a modifier composed of tannic acid, aluminum sulfate, and water glass, a hydroxamic acid collector, and an auxiliary collector composed of fusel oil and triphosphate. A combined magnetic-gravity-flotation process is used to effectively enrich and recover cassiterite from the shaking table tailings, obtaining a tin concentrate with a tin grade >30%.

[0028] This invention addresses the problems of low tin grade, high fine mud content, and large processing volume in shaking table tailings, which lead to low concentrate grade, high reagent costs, and high flotation costs in direct flotation. By combining the properties of shaking table tailings ore, pre-discarding the tailings before tin flotation and optimizing the properties of tin flotation feed, the aforementioned technical problems are significantly improved, the cost of tin flotation is significantly reduced, the application of tin flotation is broadened, and resource waste is avoided.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) While pre-enriching, the properties of the tin flotation feed were changed. By combining hydrocyclone and centrifuge, not only was the recovery and enrichment of fine cassiterite achieved, but also most of the fine mud that affected cassiterite flotation was removed.

[0031] (2) It significantly reduced the amount of tin flotation processed, improved the tin flotation slurry environment, reduced the amount of tin flotation equipment and flotation reagents used, and significantly reduced the flotation cost;

[0032] (3) The grade of flotation concentrate has been significantly improved. Before the modification, only flotation concentrate with a tin grade of 3%-10% could be obtained. After the modification, flotation concentrate with a tin grade of >30% can be obtained. The tin grade and tin value of the concentrate have increased significantly.

[0033] (4) The new process uses Falcon centrifuges as centrifuges and high gradient vertical ring magnetic separators as magnetic separators. Compared with traditional centrifuges and magnetic separators, it has the advantages of strong processing capacity, small footprint, compact equipment, and easy operation. On-site modification is also convenient.

[0034] (5) The yield of tin concentrate was significantly reduced, which greatly reduced the transportation costs in the process of selling concentrate.

[0035] This invention utilizes the property differences between cassiterite and silicate minerals such as tourmaline, amphibole, and pyroxene in shaking table tailings. By employing a process flow of "strong magnetic tailings ejection - hydrocyclone classification - centrifugal pre-enrichment - cassiterite flotation," it significantly reduces the tin flotation throughput, optimizes the ore properties of the tin flotation feed, improves the flotation pulp environment, and reduces the amount of flotation reagents used. Through flotation, it obtains tin concentrate with a tin grade >30%, significantly improving the tin concentrate grade and reducing the tin concentrate yield, thereby greatly increasing the value of tin in the tin concentrate. This method effectively reduces the cost of recovering tin from shaking table tailings through flotation and is easier to promote and utilize in existing concentrators. It not only achieves efficient development and utilization of tin resources and avoids waste, but also improves the efficiency of concentrators. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings used in Embodiments 1-3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments. These embodiments are intended to further illustrate the content of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0038] In the following examples, all pharmaceutical agents used are commercially available products. Unless otherwise specified, all percentages in the examples are by mass.

[0039] Example 1: A low-cost mineral processing method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings.

[0040] This embodiment provides a low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings. The process flow diagram of the method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the sample being processed was tailings from a shaking table at a concentrator in Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The tin grade was 0.65%, and the content of silicate minerals such as tourmaline, quartz, and amphibole accounted for approximately 80%, making it a typical tourmaline-type tin ore. The processing method included the following steps:

[0041] S1: The shaking table tailings slurry with a concentration of 25% is subjected to strong magnetic separation, which includes strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic cleaning. The shaking table tailings slurry is first subjected to strong magnetic roughing with a magnetic field strength of 1.5T to obtain strong magnetic rough concentrate and strong magnetic roughing tailings. The strong magnetic rough concentrate is then subjected to strong magnetic cleaning with a magnetic field strength of 1.3T to obtain strong magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic cleaning tailings. The strong magnetic roughing tailings and strong magnetic cleaning tailings are combined as strong magnetic tailings.

[0042] The tin grade of the strong magnetic tailings is 1.05%, with a tin recovery rate of 87.16%; the tin grade of the strong magnetic concentrate is 0.18%, with a tin recovery rate of 12.84%.

[0043] S2: The strong magnetic tailings obtained in step S1 are classified by hydrocyclone. The classification particle size of the hydrocyclone is 10μm. A hydrocyclone with a diameter of 100mm is used. The feed pressure of the hydrocyclone is 0.45Mpa. Coarse products and fine and fine mud products are obtained respectively.

[0044] The coarse-grained product has a tin content of 1.53% and a tin recovery rate of 71.93%; the fine-grained and fine-mud products have a tin content of 0.43% and a tin recovery rate of 15.23%.

[0045] S3: After the fine particles and fine mud products are slurried to a concentration of 15%, they are fed into a Falcon centrifuge with a centrifugal acceleration of 220G and an operating pressure of 120PSI to obtain centrifuged concentrate and centrifuged tailings respectively.

[0046] The centrifuged concentrate has a tin grade of 1.42% and a tin recovery rate of 11.69%; the centrifuged tailings have a tin grade of 0.13% and a tin recovery rate of 3.55%.

[0047] S4: Combine the centrifuged concentrate obtained in step S3 with the coarse product obtained in step S2, add 1500 g / t of modifier, and stir for 25 minutes; add 500 g / t of collector, and stir for 15 minutes; add 80 g / t of auxiliary collector, and stir for 15 minutes; perform flotation roughing operation on the stirred slurry to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings; add 600 g / t of modifier to the roughing concentrate, and stir for 5 minutes to perform cleaning operation 1 to obtain cleaning concentrate 1 and cleaning tailings 1; add 300 g / t of modifier to the cleaning concentrate 1 and stir. The process involves 5 minutes for Refinement 2 to obtain Refinement 2 concentrate and Refinement 2 tailings. 300g / t of modifier is added to Refinement 2 concentrate and stirred for 5 minutes for Refinement 3 to obtain flotation concentrate and Refinement 3 tailings. 125g / t of collector is added to roughing tailings and stirred for 15 minutes. 20g / t of auxiliary collector is added and stirred for 15 minutes before entering scavenging to obtain scavenging concentrate and flotation tailings. The scavenging concentrate and Refinement 1 tailings are returned to the flotation roughing operation, the Refinement 2 tailings are returned to Refinement 1, and the Refinement 3 tailings are returned to Refinement 2.

[0048] The flotation concentrate yield was 1.53%, with a tin grade of 32.56% and a tin recovery rate of 76.64%; the flotation tailings yield was 34.39%, with a tin grade of 0.13% and a tin recovery rate of 6.98%.

[0049] The tin concentrate product obtained in this embodiment has a yield of 1.53%, a tin grade of 32.56%, and a tin recovery rate of 76.64%.

[0050] Example 2: A low-cost mineral processing method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings.

[0051] This embodiment provides a low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings. The process flow diagram of the method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the sample being processed was tailings from a shaking table at a concentrator in Huanggang, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It contained 0.52% tin, and approximately 70% of its composition was composed of silicate minerals such as tourmaline, pyroxene, amphibole, and mica. It was a typical tourmaline-type tin ore. The processing method included the following steps:

[0052] S1: The shaking table tailings slurry with a concentration of 27% is subjected to strong magnetic separation, which includes strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic cleaning. The shaking table tailings slurry is first subjected to strong magnetic roughing with a magnetic field strength of 1.2T to obtain strong magnetic rough concentrate and strong magnetic roughing tailings. The strong magnetic rough concentrate is then subjected to strong magnetic cleaning with a magnetic field strength of 1.0T to obtain strong magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic cleaning tailings. The strong magnetic roughing tailings and strong magnetic cleaning tailings are combined as strong magnetic tailings.

[0053] The tin grade of the strong magnetic tailings is 0.80%, and the tin recovery rate is 89.53%; the tin grade of the strong magnetic concentrate is 0.15%, and the tin recovery rate is 10.47%.

[0054] S2: The strong magnetic tailings obtained in step S1 are classified by hydrocyclone. The classification particle size of the hydrocyclone is 30μm. A hydrocyclone with a diameter of 150mm is used. The feed pressure of the hydrocyclone is 0.3Mpa. Coarse products and fine and fine mud products are obtained respectively.

[0055] The coarse-grained product has a tin content of 1.13% and a tin recovery rate of 70.53%; the fine-grained and fine-mud products have a tin content of 0.38% and a tin recovery rate of 19.00%.

[0056] S3: After the fine particles and fine mud products are slurried to a concentration of 15%, they are fed into a Falcon centrifuge with a centrifugal acceleration of 280G and an operating pressure of 140PSI to obtain centrifuged concentrate and centrifuged tailings respectively.

[0057] The centrifuged concentrate has a tin grade of 1.16% and a tin recovery rate of 14.14%; the centrifuged tailings have a tin grade of 0.13% and a tin recovery rate of 4.86%.

[0058] S4: Combine the centrifuged concentrate obtained in step S3 with the coarse product obtained in step S2, add 1000 g / t of modifier, and stir for 15 minutes; add 500 g / t of collector, and stir for 20 minutes; add 55 g / t of auxiliary collector, and stir for 15 minutes; perform flotation roughing operation on the stirred slurry to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings; add 500 g / t of modifier to the roughing concentrate, stir for 5 minutes, and perform cleaning operation 1 to obtain cleaning concentrate 1 and cleaning tailings 1; add 250 g / t of modifier to the cleaning concentrate 1 and stir. The process involves 5 minutes for the second refining operation, yielding the second refining concentrate and the second refining tailings. 250 g / t of modifier is added to the second refining concentrate, and the mixture is stirred for 5 minutes before proceeding to the third refining operation, yielding the flotation concentrate and the third refining tailings. 100 g / t of collector is added to the roughing tailings, and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. 15 g / t of auxiliary collector is added, and the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes before proceeding to the scavenging operation, yielding the scavenging concentrate and the flotation tailings. The scavenging concentrate and the first refining tailings are returned to the flotation roughing operation, the second refining tailings are returned to the first refining operation, and the third refining tailings are returned to the second refining operation.

[0059] The flotation concentrate yield was 1.35%, with a tin grade of 30.38% and a tin recovery rate of 74.57%; the flotation tailings yield was 39.71%, with a tin grade of 0.14% and a tin recovery rate of 10.10%.

[0060] The tin concentrate product obtained in this embodiment has a yield of 1.35%, a tin grade of 30.38%, and a tin recovery rate of 74.57%.

[0061] Example 3: A low-cost mineral processing method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings.

[0062] This embodiment provides a low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings. The process flow diagram of the method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the sample being processed was tailings from a shaking table at a concentrator in Gejiu, Yunnan Province. It contained 0.33% tin, and approximately 75% silicate minerals such as tourmaline, pyroxene, amphibole, and mica. It is a typical tourmaline-type tin ore. The processing method included the following steps:

[0063] S1: The shaking table tailings slurry with a concentration of 25% is subjected to strong magnetic separation, which includes strong magnetic roughing and strong magnetic cleaning. The shaking table tailings slurry is first subjected to strong magnetic roughing with a magnetic field strength of 1.2T to obtain strong magnetic rough concentrate and strong magnetic roughing tailings. The strong magnetic rough concentrate is then subjected to strong magnetic cleaning with a magnetic field strength of 1.0T to obtain strong magnetic concentrate and strong magnetic cleaning tailings. The strong magnetic roughing tailings and strong magnetic cleaning tailings are combined as strong magnetic tailings.

[0064] The tin grade of the strong magnetic tailings is 0.49%, with a tin recovery rate of 85.78%; the tin grade of the strong magnetic concentrate is 0.11%, with a tin recovery rate of 14.22%.

[0065] S2: The strong magnetic tailings obtained in step S1 are classified by hydrocyclone. The classification particle size of the hydrocyclone is 20μm. A hydrocyclone with a diameter of 150mm is used. The feed pressure of the hydrocyclone is 0.15Mpa. Coarse products and fine and fine mud products are obtained respectively.

[0066] The coarse-grained product has a tin content of 0.63% and a tin recovery rate of 50.69%; the fine-grained and fine-mud products have a tin content of 0.38% and a tin recovery rate of 35.09%.

[0067] S3: After the fine particles and fine mud products are slurried to a concentration of 15%, they are fed into a Falcon centrifuge with a centrifugal acceleration of 260G and an operating pressure of 140PSI to obtain centrifuged concentrate and centrifuged tailings respectively.

[0068] The centrifuged concentrate has a tin grade of 1.63% and a tin recovery rate of 29.05%; the centrifuged tailings have a tin grade of 0.08% and a tin recovery rate of 6.04%.

[0069] S4: Combine the centrifuged concentrate obtained in step S3 with the coarse product obtained in step S2, add 1000 g / t of modifier, and stir for 10 minutes; add 300 g / t of collector, and stir for 10 minutes; add 40 g / t of auxiliary collector, and stir for 10 minutes; perform flotation roughing operation on the stirred slurry to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings; add 400 g / t of modifier to the roughing concentrate, stir for 5 minutes, and perform cleaning operation 1 to obtain cleaning concentrate 1 and cleaning tailings 1; add 200 g / t of modifier to the cleaning concentrate 1 and stir. The process involves 5 minutes for Refinement 2 to obtain Refinement 2 concentrate and Refinement 2 tailings. 200 g / t of modifier is added to the Refinement 2 concentrate, and the mixture is stirred for 5 minutes for Refinement 3 to obtain flotation concentrate and Refinement 3 tailings. 75 g / t of collector is added to the roughing tailings, and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes. 10 g / t of auxiliary collector is added, and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes before entering the scavenging stage to obtain scavenging concentrate and flotation tailings. The scavenging concentrate and Refinement 1 tailings are returned to the flotation roughing stage, the Refinement 2 tailings are returned to the Refinement 1 stage, and the Refinement 3 tailings are returned to the Refinement 2 stage.

[0070] The flotation concentrate yield was 0.71%, with a tin grade of 34.22% and a tin recovery rate of 73.62%; the flotation tailings yield was 31.72%, with a tin grade of 0.06% and a tin recovery rate of 6.12%.

[0071] The tin concentrate product obtained in this embodiment has a yield of 0.71%, a tin grade of 34.22%, and a tin recovery rate of 73.62%.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] The sample processed was the same as in Example 1, consisting of shaking table tailings from a beneficiation plant in Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with a tin grade of 0.65%. The processing method included the following steps:

[0074] Add 1500 g / t of modifier to a 25% concentration shaking table tailings slurry and stir for 25 minutes; add 900 g / t of collector and stir for 15 minutes; add 80 g / t of auxiliary collector and stir for 15 minutes; the stirred slurry is then subjected to flotation roughing operation to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings. Add 600 g / t of modifier to the roughing concentrate and stir for 5 minutes to perform cleaning operation 1 to obtain cleaning concentrate 1 and cleaning tailings 1; add 300 g / t of modifier to the cleaning concentrate 1 and stir for 5 minutes to perform cleaning operation 1. 2. Obtain Concentrate 2 and Tailings 2. Add 300g / t of modifier to Concentrate 2 and stir for 5 minutes to proceed with Concentrate 3 to obtain Flotation Concentrate 3 and Tailings 3. Add 125g / t of collector to Roughing Tailings and stir for 15 minutes. Add 20g / t of auxiliary collector and stir for 15 minutes to proceed with Scavenging to obtain Scavenging Concentrate and Flotation Tailings. Among them, Scavenging Concentrate and Concentrate 1 Tailings are returned to Flotation Roughing Operation, Concentrate 2 Tailings are returned to Concentrate 1 Operation, and Concentrate 3 Tailings are returned to Concentrate 2 Operation.

[0075] The flotation concentrate yield was 9.56%, the tin grade was 4.63%, and the tin recovery rate was 68.10%.

[0076] Comparative Example 2

[0077] The sample processed was the same as in Example 1, consisting of shaking table tailings from a beneficiation plant in Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with a tin grade of 0.65%. The processing method included the following steps:

[0078] S1 classifies the 25% concentration shaking table tailings slurry using a hydrocyclone. The classification particle size of the hydrocyclone is 10μm. A 100mm diameter hydrocyclone is used, and the feed pressure of the hydrocyclone is 0.45Mpa. Coarse products, fine products, and fine mud products are obtained respectively.

[0079] The coarse-grained product has a tin content of 0.80% and a tin recovery rate of 85.86%; the fine-grained and fine-mud products have a tin content of 0.33% and a tin recovery rate of 15.05%.

[0080] S2 adds 1500 g / t of modifier to the coarse product obtained in step S1 and stirs for 25 minutes; adds 500 g / t of collector and stirs for 15 minutes; adds 80 g / t of auxiliary collector and stirs for 15 minutes; the stirred slurry is then subjected to flotation roughing operation to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings. 600 g / t of modifier is added to the roughing concentrate and stirred for 5 minutes for cleaning operation 1 to obtain cleaning concentrate 1 and cleaning tailings 1. 300 g / t of modifier is added to the cleaning concentrate 1 and stirred for 5 minutes for cleaning operation 1. 2. Obtain Concentrate 2 and Tailings 2. Add 300g / t of modifier to Concentrate 2 and stir for 5 minutes to proceed with Concentrate 3 to obtain Flotation Concentrate 3 and Tailings 3. Add 125g / t of collector to Roughing Tailings and stir for 15 minutes. Add 20g / t of auxiliary collector and stir for 15 minutes to proceed with Scavenging to obtain Scavenging Concentrate and Flotation Tailings. Among them, Scavenging Concentrate and Concentrate 1 Tailings are returned to Flotation Roughing Operation, Concentrate 2 Tailings are returned to Concentrate 1 Operation, and Concentrate 3 Tailings are returned to Concentrate 2 Operation.

[0081] The flotation concentrate had a tin grade of 8.36% and a tin recovery rate of 67.23%.

[0082] Comparative Example 3

[0083] The sample processed was the same as in Example 1, consisting of shaking table tailings from a beneficiation plant in Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with a tin grade of 0.65%. The processing method included the following steps:

[0084] S1 classifies the 25% concentration shaking table tailings slurry using a hydrocyclone. The classification particle size of the hydrocyclone is 10μm. A 100mm diameter hydrocyclone is used, and the feed pressure of the hydrocyclone is 0.45Mpa. Coarse products, fine products, and fine mud products are obtained respectively.

[0085] The coarse-grained product has a tin content of 0.80% and a tin recovery rate of 85.86%; the fine-grained and fine-mud products have a tin content of 0.33% and a tin recovery rate of 15.05%.

[0086] S2 adds 1500 g / t of sodium carbonate to the coarse product obtained in step (1) and stirs for 25 minutes; adds 500 g / t of benzohydroxyxamic acid and stirs for 15 minutes; adds 80 g / t of tributyl phosphate and stirs for 15 minutes; the stirred slurry is then subjected to flotation roughing operation to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings. 600 g / t of sodium carbonate is added to the roughing concentrate and stirred for 5 minutes before entering the cleaning 1 operation to obtain cleaning 1 concentrate and cleaning 1 tailings. 300 g / t of sodium carbonate is added to the cleaning 1 concentrate and stirred for 5 minutes before entering the cleaning 1 operation. The second refining process yields Refined Concentrate 2 and Refined Tailings 2. 300 g / t of sodium carbonate is added to the Refined Concentrate 2 and stirred for 5 minutes before entering the Refined Concentrate 3 process, yielding Flotation Concentrate 3 and Refined Tailings 3. 125 g / t of benzoic acid is added to the roughing tailings and stirred for 15 minutes. 20 g / t of No. 2 oil is added and stirred for 15 minutes before entering the scavenging process, yielding scavenging concentrate and Flotation tailings. The scavenging concentrate and Refined Concentrate 1 tailings are returned to the roughing flotation process, the Refined Concentrate 2 tailings are returned to the Refined Concentrate 1 process, and the Refined Concentrate 3 tailings are returned to the Refined Concentrate 2 process.

[0087] The flotation concentrate had a tin grade of 6.58% and a tin recovery rate of 65.73%.

[0088] The types of medicinal preparations and their formulations in the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0089] Table 1 shows the types and proportions of pharmaceuticals in the examples.

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] A comparison of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 shows that:

[0093] Using the process of Comparative Example 1, with a total tailings volume of 1500 t / d, direct flotation of the shaking table tailings yields Concentrate 1 with a tin grade of 4.63% and a recovery rate of 68.10%, producing 6.64 t / d of tin metal. However, using the process of Example 1, Concentrate 2 yields Concentrate 32.56% with a tin grade and a recovery rate of 76.64%, producing 7.47 t / d of tin metal. Based on the different selling prices of tin at different grades, the unit price of Concentrate 1 (low grade) is RMB 117,000 / t·metal, and the unit price of Concentrate 2 (high grade) is RMB 234,000 / t·metal. The selling price of Concentrate 2 is RMB 1,748,000 / d, while the selling price of Concentrate 1 is RMB 776,900 / d. Compared to Comparative Example 1, the value of the concentrate in Example 1 increases by RMB 971,100 / d.

[0094] Regarding reagent costs, after pre-enrichment in Example 1, the yield entering flotation was 35.92%, and the ore quantity was 538.8 t / d, a decrease of 64.08%. The properties of the flotation feed changed, the slime content decreased, the collector dosage decreased from 900 g / t (Comparative Example 1) to 500 g / t, and the reagent cost decreased from 54,000 yuan / d (Comparative Example 1) to 11,000 yuan / d (Example 1).

[0095] Calculated from the perspectives of increased concentrate value and reduced reagent costs, tin flotation revenue increased by RMB 1.0141 million per day. Based on 330 working days per year, the annual revenue increased by RMB 335 million per year. This revenue does not yet take into account the benefits brought by reduced transportation costs, personnel costs, and equipment depreciation costs.

[0096] This demonstrates that the method of the present invention can significantly improve the ability of on-site tin flotation to respond to market changes, and provides a strong guarantee for the efficient development and utilization of tin resources.

[0097] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Perform strong magnetic roughing separation on the shaking table tailings to obtain strong magnetic rough concentrate and strong magnetic roughing tailings; perform strong magnetic cleaning separation on the strong magnetic rough concentrate to obtain strong magnetic cleaned concentrate and strong magnetic cleaned tailings; combine the strong magnetic roughing tailings and strong magnetic cleaned tailings to obtain strong magnetic tailings. S2: The strong magnetic tailings are classified by hydrocyclone to obtain coarse products and fine and fine mud products respectively. S3: Fine particles and fine mud products are separated by centrifugal gravity separation to obtain centrifuged concentrate and centrifuged tailings, respectively. S4: Combine the centrifuged concentrate and coarse products, and perform flotation roughing to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings; perform cleaning operation 1 on the roughing concentrate to obtain cleaning concentrate 1 and cleaning tailings 1; perform cleaning operation 2 on the cleaning concentrate 1 to obtain cleaning concentrate 2 and cleaning tailings 2; perform cleaning operation 3 on the cleaning concentrate 2 to obtain flotation concentrate and cleaning tailings 3; send the roughing tailings to scavenging to obtain scavenging concentrate and flotation tailings; wherein the scavenging concentrate and cleaning tailings 1 are returned to the flotation roughing operation, the cleaning tailings 2 are returned to the cleaning operation 1, and the cleaning tailings 3 are returned to the cleaning operation 2; The flotation roughing operation in step S4 includes: adding a modifier and stirring for 10-25 minutes; adding a collector and stirring for 10-20 minutes. Add the collector and stir for 10-15 minutes; The modifier is prepared by tannic acid, aluminum sulfate and water glass in a mass ratio of 1:2-3:6-9; The collectors include 1-hydroxy-2-naphthomethylhydroxamic acid and dihydroxybenzomethylhydroxamic acid compounds; The auxiliary collector is prepared by mixing fusel oil and triphosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1-2.

2. The low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, during the processes of fine selection 1, fine selection 2 and fine selection 3, adjusters are added and stirred for 3-10 minutes; during the scavenging process, a collector is added and stirred for 10-15 minutes, and an auxiliary collector is added and stirred for 10-15 minutes.

3. The low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dosage of the modifier is 1000-1500 g / t, the dosage of the collector is 300-500 g / t, and the dosage of the auxiliary collector is 40-80 g / t.

4. The low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The amount of modifier added during the first fine selection process is 400-600 g / t; the amount of modifier added during the second fine selection process is 200-300 g / t; the amount of modifier added during the third fine selection process is 200-300 g / t; the amount of collector added during the scavenging process is 75-125 g / t, and the amount of auxiliary collector added is 10-20 g / t.

5. The low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collector is prepared by mixing 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid and dihydroxybenzyl hydroxamic acid compounds in a mass ratio of 1:2-3.

6. The low-cost beneficiation method for recovering cassiterite from shaking table tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dihydroxybenzohydroxyoxime acid compound is 2,3-dihydroxybenzohydroxyoxime acid or 3,4-dihydroxybenzohydroxyoxime acid.

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