Additive manufacturing two-way powder laying device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing powder spreading, in particular to an additive manufacturing two-way powder spreading device which comprises a working cabin, electric telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the periphery of the inner top face of the working cabin, supporting blocks are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the electric telescopic rods, and a powder spreading device is arranged in the middle of the working cabin. The two-way powder spreading device for additive manufacturing is composed of a transmission mechanism, a dust falling mechanism and a collecting mechanism. In the metal powder laying process of the powder laying device, the powder laying device moves to drive the dust falling cylinder and the movable rod to synchronously translate, so that the guide wheel on the movable rod moves along the track of the corrugated groove, and at the moment, the movable rod drives the piston ring to reciprocate in the gas collection bin and generates the gas exhaust effect; and tiny metal powder floating in the working cabin in the powder laying process is pumped into the collecting pipe, interference of the floating metal powder on laser irradiation is avoided, and the laser printing effect and the additive manufacturing quality are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing powder spreading, specifically to a bidirectional additive manufacturing powder spreading device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Additive manufacturing technology is mainly used for laser 3D printing. In the printing process, metal powder is first laid layer by layer by a powder spreading device, then leveled by a scraper, and finally sintered or melted under the irradiation of a laser to produce the required shape.

[0003] An existing patent (publication number: CN109514856B) discloses a hopper-type bidirectional double-roller powder spreading device for laser additive manufacturing, including a main body and a support rod. A hinge is installed on the lower front side of the main body, and a clamping plate is connected to the outer wall of the hinge. In the process of implementing this solution, the inventors discovered the following problems in the existing technology that have not been adequately addressed: 1. Because a scraper is needed to level the metal powder layer after spreading, and the metal powder particles are small, the scraper on the powder spreading device will carry some fine metal powder up during movement. The metal powder floating in the upper space of the device will reflect the laser irradiation, causing some light to disperse and reducing the laser printing quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bidirectional additive manufacturing powder spreading device and its usage method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art: 1. Some existing bidirectional additive manufacturing powder spreading devices easily cause metal dust to fly up during the powder scraping process, which affects the laser printing quality. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: A bidirectional additive manufacturing powder spreading device includes a working chamber, electric telescopic rods are fixedly connected to all four sides of the inner top surface of the working chamber, support blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the electric telescopic rods, a powder spreader is provided in the middle of the working chamber, and a transmission mechanism is movably connected between the upper part of the powder spreader and the four support blocks;

[0005] Dust collection cylinders are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the lower part of the powder spreader, and a dust collection mechanism is movably connected between the four dust collection cylinders and the four support blocks.

[0006] The bottom of the dust collection cylinder is movably connected to a collection mechanism, and the inner wall of the working chamber is fixedly connected to an unloading plate that cooperates with the collection mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a reciprocating lead screw, which is rotatably connected between the side walls of the two rear support blocks. The right end of the reciprocating lead screw is fixedly connected to a motor through the adjacent support block. The side wall of the motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjacent support block. A threaded sleeve is threaded to the middle of the reciprocating lead screw, and the side wall of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the rear side of the powder spreader.

[0008] A guide rod is fixedly connected between the side walls of the two front support blocks, and a guide block is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod. The side wall of the guide block is fixedly connected to the front side of the powder spreader.

[0009] Preferably, the dust suppression mechanism includes guide covers, and two guide covers are provided. The two guide covers are symmetrically arranged front and back, and the two sides of the guide covers are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of two support blocks at the same level.

[0010] The inner top surface of the guide cover is provided with a corrugated groove, and the two guide covers are provided with guide grooves on opposite sides.

[0011] The dust collection cylinder has three air collection chambers inside, and a movable rod is movably inserted between the three air collection chambers. One end of the movable rod passes through the dust collection cylinder and is slidably connected to the interior of the adjacent guide groove. The other end of the movable rod is rotatably connected to a guide wheel, and the guide wheel is slidably connected to the interior of the corresponding corrugated groove.

[0012] Three piston rings are fixedly fitted at equal intervals on the surface of the movable rod, and the three piston rings are slidably connected to the inside of the three gas collection chambers respectively;

[0013] The top of the dust collection cylinder is fixedly connected with three exhaust tee pipes at equal intervals, and the three exhaust tee pipes correspond one-to-one with the three gas collection chambers.

[0014] Preferably, the width between the crests on both sides of the corrugated groove is set to 0.9 times the length of the gas collection chamber, and the length of the corrugated groove is set to 1.2 times the length of the guide groove.

[0015] Preferably, the collection mechanism includes three air supply tee pipes, which are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the bottom of the dust collection cylinder.

[0016] The bottom of the gas supply tee is fixedly connected to a collection pipe, and air intake heads are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the collection pipe. Arc-shaped guide plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the collection pipe, and a U-shaped filter cover is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the collection pipe.

[0017] The bottom of the collecting pipe has a discharge hole, and two pads are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the collecting pipe. A sealing plate is slidably connected between the two pads. The top of the sealing plate overlaps with the bottom of the collecting pipe. The bottom of the sealing plate has a discharge hole that matches the discharge hole. A compression spring is movably connected between one side of the sealing plate and the side wall of the adjacent pad. A compression ball that matches the discharge plate is fixedly connected to the other side of the sealing plate.

[0018] Preferably, the collecting pipe is arranged perpendicular to the powder spreader, and both ends of the collecting pipe are tapered;

[0019] A bracket is fixedly connected between the side wall of the powder spreader and the gas supply tee, and a main one-way valve is fixedly connected to both ends of the gas supply tee.

[0020] Preferably, the unloading plate is an E-shaped plate, the surface of the unloading plate is an inclined surface, and the inner bottom surface of the collecting pipe is an inclined surface that cooperates with the unloading plate.

[0021] Preferably, powder spreading heads are provided on both sides of the bottom of the powder spreader, and a scraper is fixedly connected to the middle position of the bottom of the powder spreader.

[0022] A method of using a bidirectional powder spreading device for additive manufacturing includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. When using the bidirectional powder spreading device for additive manufacturing, first start the motor to drive the reciprocating screw to rotate. At this time, the powder spreader cooperates with the reciprocating screw through the screw sleeve, so that the powder spreader moves back and forth on the surface of the guide rod to spread metal powder on the inner bottom surface of the working chamber. During the process of the powder spreader moving synchronously with the dust collection cylinder inside the working chamber, the movable rod that is slidably connected inside the dust collection cylinder slides in the corrugated groove on the top surface of the guide cylinder through the guide wheel, so that the movable rod carries the piston ring to move back and forth inside the gas collection chamber.

[0024] S2. With the cooperation of the air supply tee and the exhaust tee, the piston ring moves back and forth inside the air collection chamber. The two ends of the air supply tee alternately draw air from the inside of the collection pipe, while the exhaust tee alternately exhausts air as the piston ring moves back and forth. When dust is generated during the movement of the dust spreader, the negative pressure at the suction head draws the floating metal powder into the inside of the collection pipe. At the same time, under the guidance of the arc-shaped guide plate, the disturbance to the airflow during the suction process will not affect the bottom of the collection pipe.

[0025] S3. The extracted metal powder is deposited on the inner bottom surface of the collection pipe under the filtration effect of the U-shaped filter cover. When the powder spreader moves the collection pipe to the limit position, the extrusion ball on the bottom sealing plate of the collection pipe presses against the protruding position of the discharge plate. At this time, the sealing plate moves horizontally at the bottom of the collection pipe, so that the discharge hole coincides with the discharge hole. At this time, the metal powder inside the collection pipe is discharged from the discharge hole, and the discharged metal powder slides down the slope of the discharge plate to the bottom of the working chamber.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] In this invention, through the coordinated use of components such as the powder spreader, dust collection cylinder, and collection pipe, when the powder spreader is spreading metal powder, the movement of the powder spreader will cause the dust collection cylinder and the movable rod to move synchronously, so that the guide wheel on the movable rod moves along the trajectory of the corrugated groove. At this time, the movable rod, along with the piston ring, moves back and forth inside the air collection chamber and produces a suction effect, so that the tiny metal powder floating in the working chamber during the powder spreading process is drawn into the inside of the collection pipe, avoiding interference of floating metal dust with laser irradiation, improving the laser printing effect and additive manufacturing quality.

[0028] In this invention, through the coordinated use of components such as the unloading plate, sealing plate, and discharge hole, when the powder spreader moves with the collection pipe to the extreme positions on both sides of the working chamber, the extrusion ball on the sealing plate presses against the side wall of the unloading plate. At this time, the sealing plate moves at the bottom of the collection pipe, so that the unloading hole coincides with the discharge hole. Then, the metal powder collected inside the collection pipe slides down the inclined surface of the unloading plate to the inner bottom surface of the working chamber, and the collected metal powder is automatically discharged.

[0029] In this invention, the coordinated use of components such as the arc-shaped guide plate, the unloading plate, and the powder spreader ensures that the airflow drawn by the suction head does not act on the bottom of the collection pipe under the guidance of the arc-shaped guide plate. At the same time, the unloading plate can guide the metal powder discharged from the inside of the collection pipe, thereby avoiding the occurrence of secondary dust and improving the usage effect. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view showing the positions of the powder spreader and the dust settling cylinder of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a top sectional view showing the positions of the powder spreader and the working chamber of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a left sectional view of a partial location of the dust collection cylinder and guide sleeve of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a top sectional view of a portion of the guide sleeve and the corrugated groove of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a side sectional view showing the positions of the collecting tube and the arc-shaped guide plate in this invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a top sectional view showing the positions of the collection pipe and the discharge hole of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a bottom view showing the positions of the collecting tube and the sealing plate in this invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the unloading plate of the present invention.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Working chamber; 2. Electric telescopic rod; 3. Support block; 4. Powder spreader; 5. Transmission mechanism; 501. Reciprocating screw; 502. Motor; 503. Screw sleeve; 504. Guide rod; 505. Guide block; 6. Dust collection cylinder; 7. Dust collection mechanism; 701. Guide cover; 702. Corrugated groove; 703. Guide groove; 704. Air collection chamber; 705. Movable rod; 706. Guide wheel; 707. Piston ring; 708. Exhaust tee pipe; 8. Collection mechanism; 801. Air supply tee pipe; 802. Collection pipe; 803. Suction head; 804. Arc-shaped guide plate; 805. U-shaped filter cover; 806. Discharge hole; 807. Pad block; 808. Sealing plate; 809. Discharge hole; 810. Compression spring; 811. Extrusion ball; 9. Discharge plate. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a technical solution: a bidirectional powder spreading device for additive manufacturing, comprising a working chamber 1, with electrically operated telescopic rods 2 fixedly connected to all four sides of the inner top surface of the working chamber 1, and support blocks 3 fixedly connected to the bottom of the electrically operated telescopic rods 2. A powder spreader 4 is disposed in the middle of the working chamber 1, and a transmission mechanism 5 is movably connected between the upper part of the powder spreader 4 and the four support blocks 3. It should be noted that the four electrically operated telescopic rods 2 are synchronously raised and lowered under PLC control, so that the transmission mechanism 5 drives the powder spreader 4 to adjust the powder spreading height. The control of this raising and lowering is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0041] Dust collection cylinders 6 are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the lower part of the dust spreader 4, and dust collection mechanisms 7 are movably connected between the four dust collection cylinders 6 and the four support blocks 3.

[0042] The bottom of the dust collection cylinder 6 is movably connected to a collection mechanism 8, and the inner wall of the working chamber 1 is fixedly connected to a discharge plate 9 that cooperates with the collection mechanism 8. It should be noted that the height of the discharge plate 9 is consistent with the vertical movement range of the powder spreader 4, so that the discharge plate 9 can always cooperate with the collection mechanism 8.

[0043] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 8As shown, the transmission mechanism 5 includes a reciprocating lead screw 501, which is rotatably connected between the side walls of the two rear support blocks 3. The right end of the reciprocating lead screw 501 passes through the adjacent support block 3 and is fixedly connected to a motor 502. The side wall of the motor 502 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjacent support block 3. The middle part of the reciprocating lead screw 501 is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve 503, and the side wall of the threaded sleeve 503 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the powder spreader 4.

[0044] A guide rod 504 is fixedly connected between the side walls of the two front support blocks 3. A guide block 505 is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod 504. The side wall of the guide block 505 is fixedly connected to the front side of the powder spreader 4. It should be noted that: a sealing plate 808 is hinged to the top of the working chamber 1 to facilitate feeding material onto the top of the powder spreader 4; and a workpiece bearing plate is provided on the inner bottom surface of the working chamber 1. A door panel is hinged to the front end of the working chamber 1 to facilitate the removal of processed parts inside the working chamber 1 and the inspection of the interior of the working chamber 1.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the dust suppression mechanism 7 includes a guide cover 701. There are two guide covers 701, which are symmetrically arranged front and back. The two sides of the guide cover 701 are fixedly connected to the side walls of two support blocks 3 at the same level.

[0046] The inner top surface of the guide cover 701 is provided with a corrugated groove 702, and the two guide covers 701 are provided with guide grooves 703 on opposite sides.

[0047] The dust collection cylinder 6 has three air collection chambers 704 inside, and a movable rod 705 is movably inserted between the three air collection chambers 704. One end of the movable rod 705 passes through the dust collection cylinder 6 and is slidably connected to the inside of an adjacent guide groove 703. The other end of the movable rod 705 is rotatably connected to a guide wheel 706, which is slidably connected to the inside of a corresponding corrugated groove 702. It should be noted that the dust collection cylinder 6 has a circular hole inside, and a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the circular hole. The movable rod 705 is movably inserted into the inside of the sealing ring, and the sealing ring improves the sealing effect inside the air collection chambers 704.

[0048] Three piston rings 707 are fixedly sleeved at equal intervals on the surface of the movable rod 705, and the three piston rings 707 are slidably connected to the inside of the three gas collection chambers 704 respectively.

[0049] The top of the dust collection cylinder 6 is fixedly connected with three exhaust tee pipes 708 at equal intervals, and the three exhaust tee pipes 708 correspond one-to-one with the three air collection chambers 704.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 8As shown, the width between the crests on both sides of the corrugated groove 702 is set to 0.9 times the length of the gas collecting chamber 704, and the length of the corrugated groove 702 is set to 1.2 times the length of the guide groove 703. It should be noted that when the movable rod 705 slides inside the corrugated groove 702 via the guide wheel 706, it ensures that the movable rod 705, carrying the piston ring 707, moves stably back and forth inside the gas collecting chamber 704, avoiding interference caused by insufficient travel of the piston ring 707.

[0051] A main check valve is fixedly connected between the gas collection chamber and the exhaust tee.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the collection mechanism 8 includes three air supply tee pipes 801, which are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the bottom of the dust collection cylinder 6. It should be noted that the three air supply tee pipes 801 correspond one-to-one with the three air collection chambers 704.

[0053] A collection pipe 802 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the gas supply tee 801. Suction heads 803 are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the collection pipe 802. Arc-shaped guide plates 804 are fixedly connected to both sides of the collection pipe 802. A U-shaped filter cover 805 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the collection pipe 802. It should be noted that the number of suction heads 803 is determined by the length of the collection pipe 802, maximizing the extraction and collection of surrounding metal powder as the collection pipe 802 moves with the powder spreader 4. The U-shaped filter cover 805 filters the metal powder, effectively confining it inside the collection pipe 802.

[0054] The bottom of the collecting pipe 802 has a discharge hole 806. Two pads 807 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the collecting pipe 802. A sealing plate 808 is slidably connected between the two pads 807. The top of the sealing plate 808 overlaps with the bottom of the collecting pipe 802. The bottom of the sealing plate 808 has a discharge hole 809 that matches the discharge hole 806. A compression spring 810 is movably connected between one side of the sealing plate 808 and the side wall of the adjacent pad 807. A compression ball 811 that matches the discharge plate 9 is fixedly connected to the other side of the sealing plate 808. It should be noted that the cross-section of the sealing plate 808 is arc-shaped, allowing the sealing plate 808 and the collecting pipe 802 to fit together better; the compression ball 811 corresponds one-to-one with the protrusion of the discharge plate 9.

[0055] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 8As shown, the collecting pipe 802 is set perpendicular to the dust spreader 4, and both ends of the collecting pipe 802 are tapered. It should be noted that when the dust spreader 4 moves synchronously with the collecting pipe 802, the collecting pipe 802, with its tapered surface, can effectively reduce air disturbance. At the same time, while collecting the dust generated when the dust spreader 4 moves, the collecting pipe 802, which is perpendicular to the dust spreader 4, also greatly reduces the secondary generation of dust.

[0056] A bracket is fixedly connected between the side wall of the dust spreader 4 and the air supply tee pipe 801, and both ends of the air supply tee pipe 801 are fixedly connected with one-way valves. It should be noted that when the piston ring 707 moves inside the air collection chamber 704, when the main one-way valve on the exhaust tee pipe 708 opens, the one-way valve on the air supply tee pipe 801 closes; and the two air supply tee pipes 801 open and close alternately, which can effectively ensure that the suction head 803 is always in the dust collection state during the movement of the collection pipe 802.

[0057] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the unloading plate 9 is an E-type plate with an inclined surface. The inner bottom surface of the collecting pipe 802 is an inclined surface that matches the unloading plate 9. It should be noted that when the extrusion ball 811 is pressed to the protruding position of the unloading plate 9, the discharge hole 809 on the sealing plate 808 coincides with the unloading hole 806. At this time, under the action of the inclined surface, the metal powder inside the collecting pipe 802 slides down to the unloading hole 806 and is discharged. The discharged metal powder falls on the inclined surface of the unloading plate 9 and slides down the inclined surface to the inner bottom surface of the working chamber 1, reducing the generation of dust.

[0058] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, powder spreading heads are provided on both sides of the bottom of the powder spreader 4, and a scraper is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the powder spreader 4. It should be noted that: when the powder spreader 4 moves left and right inside the working chamber 1, the two powder spreading heads open to achieve bidirectional powder spreading, and the scraper flattens the metal powder during the powder spreading process. The powder spreader 4, powder spreading heads and scraper are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail.

[0059] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a method of using an additive manufacturing bidirectional powder spreading device includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. When using the bidirectional powder spreading device for additive manufacturing, first start the motor 502 to rotate the reciprocating screw 501. At this time, the powder spreader 4 cooperates with the reciprocating screw 501 through the screw sleeve 503, so that the powder spreader 4 moves back and forth on the surface of the guide rod 504 to spread metal powder on the inner bottom surface of the working chamber 1. During the process of the powder spreader 4 moving synchronously with the dust collection cylinder 6 inside the working chamber 1, the movable rod 705 slidably connected inside the dust collection cylinder 6 slides in the corrugated groove 702 on the inner top surface of the guide cylinder through the guide wheel 706, so that the movable rod 705 moves back and forth with the piston ring 707 inside the gas collection chamber 704.

[0061] S2. With the cooperation of the air supply tee pipe 801 and the exhaust tee pipe 708, the piston ring 707 moves back and forth inside the air collection chamber 704. The two ends of the air supply tee pipe 801 alternately draw air from the inside of the collection pipe 802, while the exhaust tee pipe 708 alternately exhausts air as the piston ring 707 moves back and forth. When dust is generated during the movement of the dust spreader 4, the negative pressure at the suction head 803 draws the floating metal powder into the inside of the collection pipe 802. At the same time, under the guidance of the arc-shaped guide plate 804, the disturbance to the airflow during the suction process will not affect the bottom of the collection pipe 802.

[0062] S3. The extracted metal powder is deposited on the inner bottom surface of the collection pipe 802 under the filtration action of the U-shaped filter cover 805. When the powder spreader 4 moves the collection pipe 802 to the limit position, the extrusion ball 811 on the bottom sealing plate 808 of the collection pipe 802 presses against the protruding position of the discharge plate 9. At this time, the sealing plate 808 moves horizontally at the bottom of the collection pipe 802, so that the discharge hole 809 coincides with the discharge hole 806. At this time, the metal powder inside the collection pipe 802 is discharged from the discharge hole 809, and the discharged metal powder slides down the slope of the discharge plate 9 to the bottom of the working chamber 1.

[0063] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A two-way powder spreading device for additive manufacturing, comprising a working chamber (1), characterized in that: Electric telescopic rods (2) are fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the working cabin (1) on all sides, and a support block (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electric telescopic rod (2). A powder spreader (4) is provided in the middle of the working cabin (1), and a transmission mechanism (5) is movably connected between the upper part of the powder spreader (4) and the four support blocks (3); Dust suppression cylinders (6) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to both sides of the lower part of the powder spreading device (4), and dust suppression mechanisms (7) are movably connected between the four dust suppression cylinders (6) and the four support blocks (3); The bottom of the dust suppression cylinder (6) is movably connected to a collecting mechanism (8), and the inner wall of the working chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a discharge plate (9) that matches the collecting mechanism (8).

2. The additive manufacturing bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (5) comprises a reciprocating screw rod (501), the reciprocating screw rod (501) is rotatably connected between the side walls of the two support blocks (3) at the rear side, the right end of the reciprocating screw rod (501) passes through the adjacent support block (3) and is fixedly connected with a motor (502), the side wall of the motor (502) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the adjacent support block (3), the middle part of the reciprocating screw rod (501) is threadedly connected with a screw sleeve (503), and the side wall of the screw sleeve (503) is fixedly connected with the rear side of the powder spreader (4); A guide rod (504) is fixedly connected between the side walls of the two support blocks (3) at the front side, a guide block (505) is slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod (504), and a side wall of the guide block (505) is fixedly connected to the front side of the powder spreader (4).

3. The additive manufacturing bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust reduction mechanism (7) comprises a guide cover (701), wherein two guide covers (701) are provided, and the two guide covers (701) are symmetrically arranged front to back, and the two sides of the guide cover (701) are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the two support blocks (3) at the same level; The inner top surface of the guide cover (701) is provided with a corrugated groove (702), and the two opposite sides of the two guide covers (701) are both provided with a guide groove (703); The dust suppression cylinder (6) is provided with three air collecting bins (704), and a movable rod (705) is movably inserted between the three air collecting bins (704). One end of the movable rod (705) passes through the dust suppression cylinder (6) and is slidably connected to the inside of the adjacent guide groove (703). One end of the movable rod (705) is rotatably connected to a guide wheel (706), and the guide wheel (706) is slidably connected to the inside of the corresponding corrugated groove (702); The surface of the movable rod (705) is equidistantly and fixedly sleeved with three piston rings (707), and the three piston rings (707) are respectively slidably connected to the inside of the three gas collecting chambers (704); The top of the dust suppression cylinder (6) is equidistantly and fixedly connected with three exhaust tee pipes (708), and the three exhaust tee pipes (708) correspond one to one with the three gas collecting bins (704), respectively.

4. The two-way powder spreading device for additive manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width between the wave crests on both sides of the corrugated groove (702) is set to 0.9 times the length of the gas collecting chamber (704), and the length of the corrugated groove (702) is set to 1.2 times the length of the guide groove (703); A main one-way valve is fixedly connected between the gas collecting bin and the exhaust three-way pipe.

5. The additive manufacturing bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism (8) comprises a gas delivery three-way pipe (801), the gas delivery three-way pipe (801) being arranged in three pieces, and the three gas delivery three-way pipes (801) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the dust suppression cylinder (6) at equal distances; The bottom of the gas transmission tee pipe (801) is fixedly connected to a collecting pipe (802), both sides of the collecting pipe (802) are symmetrically fixedly connected to suction heads (803), both sides of the collecting pipe (802) are fixedly connected to arc-shaped guide plates (804), and the inner top surface of the collecting pipe (802) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped filter cover (805); A discharge hole (806) is provided at the bottom of the collecting tube (802), and cushion blocks (807) are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the collecting tube (802). A sealing plate (808) is slidably connected between the two cushion blocks (807), and the top of the sealing plate (808) overlaps the bottom of the collecting tube (802). A discharge hole (809) matching the discharge hole (806) is provided at the bottom of the sealing plate (808). A compression spring (810) is movably connected between one side of the sealing plate (808) and the side wall of the adjacent cushion block (807), and a squeezing ball (811) matching the discharge plate (9) is fixedly connected to the other side of the sealing plate (808).

6. The two-way powder spreading device for additive manufacturing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collecting pipe (802) is arranged perpendicular to the powder spreader (4), and both ends of the collecting pipe (802) are arranged to be conical; A bracket is fixedly connected between the side wall of the powder spreader (4) and the gas delivery three-way pipe (801), and both ends of the gas delivery three-way pipe (801) are fixedly connected to a one-way valve.

7. The additive manufacturing bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The discharge plate (9) is configured as an E-shaped plate, the surface of the discharge plate (9) is configured as an inclined surface, and the inner bottom surface of the collecting tube (802) is configured as an inclined surface matching the discharge plate (9).

8. The additive manufacturing bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Powder spreading heads are provided on both sides of the bottom of the powder spreading device (4), and a scraper is fixedly connected to the middle position of the bottom of the powder spreading device (4).

9. The method for using the additive manufacturing bidirectional powder spreading device according to claim 1 comprises the following steps: S1. When using the bidirectional powder spreading device for additive manufacturing, first start the motor (502) to rotate the reciprocating screw (501). At this time, the powder spreading device (4) cooperates with the reciprocating screw (501) through the screw sleeve (503), so that the powder spreading device (4) moves back and forth on the surface of the guide rod (504) to spread metal powder on the inner bottom surface of the working chamber (1). When the powder spreading device (4) moves synchronously with the dust suppression cylinder (6) inside the working chamber (1), the movable rod (705) slidably connected inside the dust suppression cylinder (6) slides inside the corrugated groove (702) on the inner top surface of the guide cylinder through the guide wheel (706), so that the movable rod (705) moves back and forth inside the gas collecting chamber (704) with the piston ring (707); S2. With the cooperation of the gas supply tee (801) and the exhaust tee (708), when the piston ring (707) moves back and forth inside the gas collecting bin (704), the two ends of the gas supply tee (801) respectively and alternately exhaust air from the inside of the collecting tube (802), while the exhaust tee (708) exhausts air alternately as the piston ring (707) moves back and forth. When dust is generated during the movement of the powder spreader (4), the negative pressure at the position of the suction head (803) draws the floating metal powder into the inside of the collecting tube (802). At the same time, under the guidance of the arc-shaped guide plate (804), the disturbance of the air flow generated during the exhaust process will not act on the bottom of the collecting tube (802); S3. The extracted metal powder is deposited on the inner bottom surface of the collection tube (802) under the filtering effect of the U-shaped filter cover (805). When the powder spreader (4) moves the collection tube (802) to the extreme position, the squeezing ball (811) on the sealing plate (808) at the bottom of the collection tube (802) presses against the raised position of the discharge plate (9). At this time, the sealing plate (808) translates at the bottom of the collection tube (802) so that the discharge hole (809) coincides with the discharge hole (806). At this time, the metal powder inside the collection tube (802) is discharged from the discharge hole (809), and the discharged metal powder slides along the inclined surface of the discharge plate (9) to the bottom of the working chamber (1).

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