Composite component, preparation method thereof and window body assembly comprising composite component

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite component which comprises a transparent substrate, a semi-reflecting layer and a light absorbing substrate, wherein the semi-reflecting layer is located between the transparent base material and the light absorption base material, the semi-reflecting layer is provided with a textured first surface and a textured second surface, the transparent base material is in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflecting layer, the contact surface of the transparent base material is textured, and the second surface of the semi-reflecting layer is textured. The texture is complementary with the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflecting layer; the light absorbing substrate is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflecting layer, the contact surface of the light absorbing substrate is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflecting layer; the transparent substrate is closer to an external visible light source than the light absorbing substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of materials, and in particular to a composite component comprising a semi-reflective layer, a preparation method thereof, and a window assembly comprising the composite component. Background Art

[0002] Smart window products are widely used in the fields of construction, automobiles, materials, etc. In particular, with the rapid development of the field of smart electric vehicles, the demand for smart window applications has also increased accordingly. Under such market demand, multifunctional panoramic car sunroofs and windows came into being.

[0003] Since the car sunroof is transparent and directly faces the sunlight from the outside, in order to maintain the thermal comfort of the interior environment, ensure good lighting inside the car, and provide excellent projection display effects on this basis, special consideration needs to be given to the design of the window structure and the selection of related materials.

[0004] In order to obtain good indoor light and achieve the effect of indoor projection, the existing automotive sunroof usually uses a dark adhesive layer (for example, PVB (polyvinyl butyral)) to absorb most of the visible light, and uses a projection display film and an infrared reflective coating to achieve projection display and thermal comfort control effects. However, such a window design has obvious defects. On the one hand, the visible light absorbed by the dark adhesive layer has a secondary emission problem, and visible light accounts for the main part of the total solar energy of the earth (about 50%), so it is difficult for this design to control the total solar energy transmittance within 10%. On the other hand, the cost of projection display films and infrared reflective coatings is expensive, which is not conducive to cost reduction. Therefore, conventional automotive sunroof and window designs have limitations in terms of environmental thermal comfort control and cost, so further research and development work is still needed to obtain window materials that have both thermal comfort, projection function and cost savings. Summary of the invention

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a composite component comprising: a transparent substrate, a semi-reflective layer, and a light-absorbing substrate; wherein the semi-reflective layer is located between the transparent substrate and the light-absorbing substrate, the semi-reflective layer has a textured first surface and a textured second surface, the transparent substrate is in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the transparent substrate is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflective layer; and the light-absorbing substrate is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the light-absorbing substrate is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer; the transparent substrate is closer to an external visible light source than the light-absorbing substrate.

[0006] In one embodiment, the composite assembly is used as a projection screen, with the light absorbing substrate facing the projection light, for forming a projected image on the side of the semi-reflective layer facing the light absorbing substrate.

[0007] In one embodiment, the composite assembly consists of a transparent substrate, a semi-reflective layer, and a light absorbing substrate.

[0008] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a transmittance of about 0.5% to about 10%, preferably about 0.5% to about 2.5%, for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0009] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a diffuse reflectance of about 10% to about 25% for visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate.

[0010] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a diffuse reflectance of about 40% to about 90% for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0011] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a total solar energy transmittance of about 10% or less for sunlight incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a direct solar reflectance (RDS) of about 55% or greater for diffuse reflection of sunlight incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a diffuse reflectivity of about 55% to about 95% for near infrared light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0014] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a haze of about 10% or less, preferably, 5% or less.

[0015] In one embodiment, the diffuse reflectance of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate is greater than the diffuse reflectance of the composite assembly to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0016] In one embodiment, the semi-reflective layer has a greater transmittance for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate than the composite assembly has a transmittance for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0017] In one embodiment, the diffuse reflectance of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate is greater than the diffuse reflectance of the composite assembly to visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate.

[0018] In one embodiment, the reflection and transmission of visible light by the composite assembly satisfy the following relationship:

[0019]

[0020] Wherein R4 represents the diffuse reflectance of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate, and T2 represents the transmittance of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate.

[0021] In one embodiment, the textured first surface is parallel to the textured second surface (textured surfaces being parallel means that the textures are parallel to each other).

[0022] In another embodiment, the textured first surface and / or the textured second surface has a profile root mean square slope of about 1° to about 20°.

[0023] In one embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises at least one light absorbing layer, wherein one surface of one light absorbing layer is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, wherein the contact surface of one of the light absorbing layers is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer.

[0024] In one embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises at least one light absorbing layer and at least one transparent layer, wherein one surface of one light absorbing layer or one of the transparent layers is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, and the contact surface of one of the light absorbing layers or one of the transparent layers is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer.

[0025] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate includes at least one transparent layer, one surface of which is in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of which is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, and all layers included in the transparent substrate are transparent layers.

[0026] In one embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises any one of a glass substrate, an adhesive layer, a dimming film, a polymer layer, a film substrate layer, or any combination thereof.

[0027] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate includes any one of a glass substrate, an adhesive layer, a polymer layer, a film substrate layer, or any combination thereof.

[0028] In one embodiment, the semi-reflective layer is a single layer or a multi-layer stack, the single layer is a metal layer or a metal alloy layer, the multi-layer stack includes at least one metal layer or a metal alloy layer, each layer in the multi-layer stack has textured contact surfaces with adjacent layers, and the texture of each contact surface is complementary to the texture of the adjacent contact surface.

[0029] In one embodiment, the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a glass substrate, and the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or an adhesive layer.

[0030] In one embodiment, the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer, and the first transparent layer or light-absorbing layer of the light-absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or an adhesive layer or a glass substrate.

[0031] In one embodiment, the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is an adhesive layer, and the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or a glass substrate.

[0032] In one embodiment, the light absorbing substrate further comprises a second light absorbing layer or a transparent layer, which contacts the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate on the side of the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer. When the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate is a polymer layer, the second light absorbing layer or the transparent layer is an adhesive layer. Optionally, the light absorbing substrate further comprises a glass substrate or a dimming film which contacts the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer.

[0033] In one embodiment, the light absorbing substrate further includes a second light absorbing layer or a transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate on the side of the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer. When the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate is a polymer layer, the second light absorbing layer or the transparent layer is a film substrate layer. Optionally, the light absorbing substrate further includes an adhesive layer in contact with the film substrate layer on the side of the film substrate layer facing away from the polymer layer. Further optionally, the light absorbing substrate further includes a glass substrate or a dimming film in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the film substrate layer.

[0034] In one embodiment, the light absorbing substrate further comprises a second light absorbing layer or a transparent layer, which contacts the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate on the side of the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate away from the semi-reflective layer; when the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate is an adhesive layer, the second light absorbing layer or the transparent layer is a glass substrate or a dimming film.

[0035] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate further comprises a second transparent layer, which contacts the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate on the side of the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer. When the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate is a polymer layer, the second transparent layer is an adhesive layer. Optionally, the transparent substrate further comprises a glass substrate which contacts the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer.

[0036] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate further includes a second transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate on the side of the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer. When the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate is a polymer layer, the second transparent layer is a film substrate layer. Optionally, the transparent substrate further includes an adhesive layer in contact with the film substrate layer on the side of the film substrate layer facing away from the polymer layer. Further optionally, the transparent substrate further includes a glass substrate in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the film substrate layer.

[0037] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate further comprises a second transparent layer which contacts the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate on the side of the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer, and when the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate is an adhesive layer, the second transparent layer is a glass substrate.

[0038] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the composite assembly of the present invention, comprising providing at least one layer of one of a light absorbing substrate and a transparent substrate, forming a textured surface on one surface of one of the at least one layer of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate, forming a semi-reflective layer on the textured surface, and forming at least one layer of the other of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate on the surface of the semi-reflective layer facing away from the one of the at least one layer of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate, so as to obtain at least a part of the composite assembly; optionally, further providing other layers of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate, so as to obtain the composite assembly of the present invention. In one embodiment, the one of the layers is a polymer layer or a glass substrate.

[0039] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a window assembly comprising the composite component of the present invention.

[0040] In one embodiment, the window assembly includes a door, a window, a curtain wall, a vehicle window glass, an aircraft glass or a ship glass.

[0041] In one embodiment, the window assembly is a vehicle window glass, and the vehicle window glass includes a rear windshield, a sunroof glass, a door glass or a corner window glass, preferably a sunroof glass.

[0042] In another embodiment, the transparent substrate faces the outside of the vehicle and the light absorbing substrate faces the inside of the vehicle.

[0043] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate in the window assembly faces the sunlight source, and the light absorbing substrate in the window assembly faces away from the sunlight source.

[0044] On the other hand, the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising the window assembly described in the present invention, and also comprising a projection device, wherein the projection light of the projection device is directed toward the light absorbing substrate of the window assembly, and is used to form a projection image on the side of the semi-reflective layer facing the light absorbing substrate.

[0045] The composite assembly of the present invention adopts a novel design, and sequentially comprises a transparent substrate, a semi-reflective layer and a light-absorbing substrate, wherein the semi-reflective layer has a textured surface. The composite assembly of the present invention achieves excellent projection display effects through the specific reflectivity (including diffuse reflectivity), transmittance and absorptivity of the transparent substrate, the textured semi-reflective layer and the light-absorbing substrate to visible light.

[0046] In addition, the reflection and transmission of visible light by the composite component of the present invention also satisfy a specific relationship, which also helps the composite component of the present invention to achieve excellent thermal comfort effects and projection display effects.

[0047] In addition to the above-mentioned thermal comfort effects and clear projection display effects, the specific visible light diffuse reflectance, transmittance and absorptivity of the composite components can also bring more desired functions to the composite components of the present invention, such as excellent privacy effects, diverse appearances, soft indoor light, better thermal comfort control effects, etc.

[0048] Specifically, the composite assembly of the present invention adopts a novel design, and the total solar energy transmittance can be reduced to less than 10% by making the semi-reflective layer have a high diffuse reflectivity of visible light, which accounts for a major part of the total solar energy of the earth (about 50%), and maintaining the semi-reflective layer with a high diffuse reflectivity (for example, about 55% or more) of near-infrared light in sunlight (within a wavelength range of about 780nm to about 2500nm). In addition, since the semi-reflective layer reflects visible light through diffuse reflection rather than specular reflection, even if the semi-reflective layer has a high diffuse reflectivity of visible light, it will not cause serious light pollution on both sides of the semi-reflective layer. In addition, since the semi-reflective layer can adopt a variety of designs (for example, a variety of multi-layer stack designs), the composite assembly can also achieve a variety of appearances. For example, the composite assembly of the present invention used for vehicle window glass can match the visual effect of the vehicle body paint, so that there will be no obvious deviation in the color of the composite assembly and the vehicle body, so that the vehicle appearance has a nearly seamless visual effect. In addition, when used as a vehicle window glass, by combining a light absorbing substrate facing the interior of the vehicle, the composite assembly of the present invention can achieve a projection display effect comparable to that of the prior art (for example, the prior art may use an outer transparent glass w / 2Ag coating + dark PVB + projection display film + inner transparent PVB + inner transparent glass), but in comparison, the cost of the composite assembly of the present invention is significantly lower. Specifically, as mentioned above, the cost of the projection display film and infrared reflective coating in the prior art is expensive, which is not conducive to reducing costs. The present invention integrates the thermal control and projection display functions in the semi-reflective layer, which can significantly reduce costs, and can further reduce costs when, for example, an Al metal layer is used as the main reflective layer. In addition, the prior art also has the problem that it is difficult to control the total solar energy transmittance within 10%. In addition, when the multilayer stack of the semi-reflective layer adopts an asymmetric design, even if the composite assembly reflects colored visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, the composite assembly can still reflect neutral visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate. In addition, by also designing the multilayer stack of semi-reflective layers, the composite assembly can be neutral in transmission of visible light, while the reflection of visible light can be colored. Furthermore, due to the high diffuse reflectivity of the composite assembly to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate and the appropriate diffuse reflectivity of the composite assembly to visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate, the composite assembly of the present invention is helpful to achieve the "one-way perspective" function, which helps to ensure the privacy of the space on the side of the light absorbing substrate, which is particularly beneficial for the application of vehicle window glass and can better protect the privacy of the occupants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] The above and other aspects of the present application will be more fully understood from the detailed description below in conjunction with the following drawings. It should be noted that the scales of the drawings may be different for the purpose of clear description, but this will not affect the understanding of the present application.

[0050] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a composite assembly of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 Show Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the semi-reflective layer.

[0052] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the composite assembly of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing yet another embodiment of the composite assembly of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 5a Schematic diagram showing visible light incident from the side of a transparent substrate facing away from a light absorbing substrate passing through a composite assembly of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 5b Schematic diagram showing that visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate is reflected (including diffuse reflection), transmitted and absorbed by the transparent substrate, the semi-reflective layer and the light absorbing substrate.

[0056] Figure 5c Schematic diagram showing diffuse reflection of visible light incident from the side of a transparent substrate facing away from a light absorbing substrate by a composite assembly of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 6a Schematic diagram showing diffuse reflection of visible light incident from the side of a light absorbing substrate facing away from a transparent substrate by a composite assembly of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 6b Schematic diagram showing that visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate is reflected (including diffuse reflection), transmitted and absorbed by the light-absorbing substrate and the semi-reflective layer.

[0059] Figure 7 Schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the metal stack of the semi-reflective layer of the composite assembly of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 8 Schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the metal stack of the semi-reflective layer of the composite assembly of the present invention.

[0061] Fig. 9 Show Figure 8 Chromaticity diagram of simulated reflection and transmission colors of the structure shown for visible light incident from one side.

[0062] Fig.10 Show Figure 8 Chromaticity diagram of simulated reflection and transmission colors of the structure shown for visible light incident on the other side.

[0063] Fig.11 A schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a composite assembly of the present invention.

[0064] Fig.12 A schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the composite assembly of the present invention.

[0065] Fig.13 A schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the composite assembly of the present invention.

[0066] Fig.14 A schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the composite assembly of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The present invention will be further described in detail below. Such description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0068] General Definitions and Terminology

[0069] Unless otherwise indicated, all publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[0070] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In the event of a conflict, the definitions provided herein shall prevail.

[0071] Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages, parts, ratios, etc. are by weight.

[0072] When quantity, concentration or other value or parameter is given as range, preferred range or preferred upper limit and lower limit or specific value, it should be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed by paired values ​​from any upper limit range or preferred value and any lower limit range or preferred value, regardless of whether the range is disclosed separately. Unless otherwise stated, when numerical range is quoted herein, the range refers to including its endpoints and integers and fractions within all such ranges. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific numerical value quoted when defining the range. For example, "1-20" covers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and any sub-range consisting of any two values ​​therein. For example, 2-6, 3-5, 2-10, 3-15, 4-20, 5-19, etc. For example, "3.0-5.0" encompasses 3.0, 3.2, 3.5, 3.8, 4.0, 4.2, 4.5, 4.7, 4.9, 5.0 and any sub-range consisting of any two values ​​therein, such as 3.0-3.5, 3.0-4.0, 3.8-4.5, 4.0-5.0, etc.

[0073] As used herein, the term "about" when used in conjunction with a numerical variable generally refers to the value of that variable and all values ​​of that variable are within experimental error (e.g., within a 95% confidence interval for the mean) or within ±10% of the specified value, or wider.

[0074] The terms "comprises", "includes", "has" or "involves" and other variant forms thereof in this document are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude other unlisted elements or method steps. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above terms such as "comprising" encompass the meaning of "consisting of". The expression "consisting of" excludes any element, step or ingredient not specified. The expression "consisting essentially of" means that the scope is limited to the specified elements, steps or ingredients, plus the optional presence of elements, steps or ingredients that do not substantially affect the basic and new characteristics of the claimed subject matter. It should be understood that the expression "comprising" encompasses the expressions "consisting essentially of" and "consisting of".

[0075] As used herein, the terms "optional" and "optionally" mean that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes both the occurrence of said event or circumstance and the non-occurrence of said event or circumstance.

[0076] The terms "one or more" or "at least one" as used herein refer to one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or more.

[0077] In addition, if the number of parts or components of the present invention is not indicated before, it means that there is no limit to the number of occurrences (or existence) of the parts or components. Therefore, it should be interpreted as including one or at least one, and the singular form of the parts or components also includes the plural form, unless the numerical value obviously represents the singular.

[0078] In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to identify the elements, components, or steps they refer to, and are not used to limit the order of precedence and the number of components, unless otherwise specified. When the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to identify the elements, components, or steps they refer to, they may be the same or different.

[0079] The term "refractive index" as used herein has the meaning generally understood in the art, i.e., the ratio of the propagation speed of light in a vacuum to the transmission speed of light in the medium. The refractive index can be measured using conventional methods and equipment in the art. For example, a laser measuring instrument or an ellipsometer can be used for measurement. In the present invention, the "refractive index" can be measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.

[0080] The term "transmittance" used herein may also be referred to as light transmittance, which indicates the ability of light to pass through a medium, and is the percentage of the luminous flux passing through the medium to the incident luminous flux. Light transmittance can be measured using conventional methods and equipment in the art. For example, it can be measured using a spectrophotometer. For example, it can be measured with reference to ISO 13837. The measurement wavelength of visible light transmittance is, for example, 380-780 nm. The measurement temperature is, for example, room temperature.

[0081] The term "diffuse reflectance" as used herein refers to the percentage of the diffuse reflected light flux of a medium to light (including visible light and near infrared light) to the incident light flux. The diffuse reflectance of visible light can be measured using conventional methods and equipment in the art. For example, a spectrophotometer can be used for measurement. For example, ISO 9050 can be used for determination. The diffuse reflectance of near infrared light can be measured using conventional methods and equipment in the art. For example, a spectrophotometer can be used for measurement. For example, ISO 13837 can be used for determination.

[0082] The term "solar direct reflectance (RDS)" used herein refers to the ratio of the solar energy intensity reflected (including diffuse reflection) by a medium to the incident solar energy intensity within the solar spectrum (300nm to 2500nm). When the SCE (Specular Component Exclude) measurement mode is used, the RDS of the diffuse reflection of sunlight by the medium can be measured and obtained, that is, the ratio of the solar energy intensity diffusely reflected by the medium to the incident solar energy intensity. The direct reflectance of sunlight can be measured using conventional methods and equipment in the art. For example, a spectrophotometer can be used for measurement. For example, it can be determined with reference to ISO 13837.

[0083] As used herein, the term "total solar transmittance (TTS)" refers to the ratio of the total energy of sunlight transmitted through a medium to the energy of incident sunlight within the solar spectrum (300 nm to 2500 nm). The total solar transmittance can be measured using conventional methods and equipment in the art. For example, it can be measured using a spectrophotometer. For example, it can be determined with reference to ISO 13837.

[0084] The term "reflectivity" as used herein refers to the percentage of the reflected light flux of a medium to light, especially visible light, to the incident light flux. The reflectivity of visible light can be measured using conventional methods and equipment in the art. For example, it can be measured using a spectrophotometer. For example, it can be measured with reference to ISO 9050.

[0085] The term "haze" as used herein refers to the ratio of the scattered light flux of the incident light that deviates from the normal direction through a medium (e.g., a sample to be tested) to the transmitted light flux, which is expressed as "%. Usually, the scattered light flux that deviates from the direction of the incident light by more than 2.5 degrees is used to calculate the haze. The haze can be measured using methods and equipment commonly used in the art. For example, the haze can be measured using a haze meter. For example, the measurement can be performed with reference to GB2410 and / or ASTM D1003.

[0086] The term "absorptance" used herein is also called absorptance (represented by A), which refers to the percentage or proportion of incident light absorbed by a medium when light is incident on the medium. The light absorptance of incident visible light by a medium can be measured using methods and equipment commonly used in the art. For example, a spectrophotometer can be used to measure the light absorptance. For example, ISO9050 and ISO13837 can be used for determination.

[0087] Herein, unless otherwise specifically defined, "contacting" means directly contacting. For example, "a layer is in contact with another layer" means that the two layers are in direct contact and no other layer is included between the two layers.

[0088] The term "room temperature" as used herein refers to about 20-30°C, for example about 25°C.

[0089] As used herein, the term "principal surface" refers to the surface on the side of the layered material with a larger area. In this article, "principal surface" is also the surface of the layered material that reflects and transmits light. For example, the principal surface of a light absorbing substrate can refer to the surface that faces visible light and reflects or transmits visible light.

[0090] Composite Components

[0091] In one aspect, the present invention relates to a composite component, comprising: a transparent substrate, a semi-reflective layer, and a light-absorbing substrate; wherein the semi-reflective layer is located between the transparent substrate and the light-absorbing substrate, the semi-reflective layer has a textured first surface and a textured second surface, the transparent substrate is in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the transparent substrate is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflective layer; and the light-absorbing substrate is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the light-absorbing substrate is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer; the transparent substrate is closer to an external visible light source than the light-absorbing substrate. That is, the transparent substrate faces the external visible light source, and the light-absorbing substrate faces away from the external visible light source. In a specific embodiment, the external visible light source is sunlight.

[0092] In one embodiment, the composite assembly is used as a projection screen, and the light absorbing substrate faces the projection light, so as to form a projection image on the side of the semi-reflective layer facing the light absorbing substrate. Herein, the projection image is not limited, for example, it can be static text, numbers, symbols or pictures, or dynamic videos.

[0093] In one embodiment, the composite assembly consists of a transparent substrate, a semi-reflective layer, and a light absorbing substrate.

[0094] Figure 1 An embodiment of the composite assembly of the present invention is shown, wherein the composite assembly comprises: a transparent substrate 101, a semi-reflective layer 102 and a light-absorbing substrate 103, wherein the semi-reflective layer 102 is located between the transparent substrate 101 and the light-absorbing substrate 103. Further, Figure 2 Show Figure 1A partial enlarged view of a semi-reflective layer, wherein the semi-reflective layer 102 has a textured first surface 1021 and a textured second surface 1022 .

[0095] Transparent substrate

[0096] In the composite assembly of the present invention, the transparent substrate refers to a substrate that is transparent to visible light (e.g., a wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm), which is highly transparent, transmits most of the visible light, and has limited absorption of light in the visible light wavelength range. In addition, in order to fully utilize the high reflection of the semi-reflective layer to near-infrared light, the transparent substrate is also highly transparent to near-infrared light (e.g., a wavelength range of 780 nm to 2500 nm), transmits most of the near-infrared light, and has limited absorption of light in the near-infrared wavelength range.

[0097] Composition of transparent substrate

[0098] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate includes any one of a glass substrate, an adhesive layer, a polymer layer, a film substrate layer, or any combination thereof. For example, the transparent substrate may be a glass substrate, an adhesive layer, a polymer layer, a film substrate layer, etc. In a specific embodiment, the transparent substrate may be a combination of a glass substrate and / or an adhesive layer and / or a polymer layer and / or a film substrate layer.

[0099] Glass substrate

[0100] The glass substrate can be an amorphous inorganic non-metallic material, which is generally made of a variety of inorganic minerals (such as quartz sand, borax, boric acid, barite, barium carbonate, limestone, feldspar, soda ash, etc.) as the main raw materials, and a small amount of auxiliary raw materials are added. Its main components are silicon dioxide and other oxides. "Glass" can be any type of glass, which can be sodium-containing glass or low-sodium glass (for example: high borosilicate glass, high alumina-silicon glass, etc.). The shape of the glass substrate can be arbitrary. According to actual needs, the glass substrate can be, for example, square, rectangular, circular, elliptical, regular hexagonal, etc. According to actual needs, the glass can be tempered glass that has been tempered, such as glass that has been chemically tempered. In addition, according to actual needs, the glass substrate can be flat glass or curved glass. In addition, the thickness of the glass substrate is about 1 mm or more. In one embodiment, the thickness of the glass substrate is about 1 mm or more and about 4 mm or less. For example, about 1 mm, about 2 mm, about 3 mm, about 4 mm.

[0101] In one embodiment, the glass substrate comprises any one of soda-lime-silica float glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, glass ceramic glass, polycarbonate glass or any combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the glass substrate is soda-lime-silica float glass.

[0102] When a glass substrate is used as the transparent substrate of the present invention, the advantages of the glass substrate, such as low haze, high transparency, good scratch resistance, etc., can be fully utilized. In addition, since the surface of the glass structure has abundant hydroxyl groups, the glass substrate can have strong adhesion with adjacent layers (especially adjacent layers of polymer materials). The appropriate type of glass substrate can make the transparent substrate or the composite assembly of the present invention have high transmittance to visible light (such as external visible light) incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, so that most of the visible light passes through the transparent substrate and reaches the semi-reflective layer, thereby helping the semi-reflective layer to achieve its role and achieve the thermal comfort control effect of the composite assembly and other effects.

[0103] Adhesive layer

[0104] In the present invention, the adhesive layer used as the transparent substrate is transparent, has high transmittance, and can transmit most of the visible light. In addition, the adhesive layer also has suitable adhesion to adjacent layers. In one embodiment, the adhesive layer comprises any one or any combination of optical glue, thermoplastic polymer, pressure-sensitive adhesive. In a preferred embodiment, the adhesive layer comprises any one or any combination of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, ionic intermediate film. In a more preferred embodiment, the adhesive layer comprises ionic intermediate film.

[0105] Polymer layer

[0106] In one embodiment, the polymer layer comprises any one or any combination of polyester, polyacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyamide, polyimide, photo-crosslinked and / or photo-polymerized resin, and polythiourethane.

[0107] Film substrate layer

[0108] In one embodiment, the film substrate layer comprises any one of a glass film, a thermoplastic polymer film, or any combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the thermoplastic polymer film comprises any one of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, polymethyl methacrylate, polyimide, a cycloolefin polymer, or any combination thereof. In a more preferred embodiment, the glass film has a thickness of about 25 μm to about 200 μm. In another more preferred embodiment, the thermoplastic polymer film has a thickness of about 0.15 mm to about 0.25 mm.

[0109] Transparent substrate settings

[0110] The transparent substrate comprises two main surfaces. In the present invention, one main surface of the transparent substrate is textured, and this main surface is in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, and the texture of the contact surface of the transparent substrate and the semi-reflective layer is complementary to the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflective layer. Accordingly, the other main surface of the transparent substrate can be smooth and non-rough, which is away from the semi-reflective layer. The transparent substrate can be a single layer or a multilayer, and the single layer or the multilayer are all transparent.

[0111] As used herein, the term "principal surface" refers to a surface facing or facing away from light. For example, in the composite assembly of the present invention, one principal surface of the transparent substrate can be a surface facing visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate. For example, the other principal surface of the transparent substrate can be a surface facing away from visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0112] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the transparent substrate 101 is in contact with the textured first surface 1021 of the semi-reflective layer 102, and the contact surface between the transparent substrate and the semi-reflective layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the first surface 1021 of the semi-reflective layer 102; and the main surface of the transparent substrate 101 facing away from the semi-reflective layer 102 can be smooth and non-rough.

[0113] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate comprises at least one transparent layer.

[0114] In the composite assembly of the present invention, the "transparent layer" refers to a layer composed of a transparent material, which has limited optical absorption of light in the visible wavelength range due to its highly transparent nature and can transmit most of the visible light.

[0115] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate includes at least one transparent layer, one surface of which is in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of which is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, and all layers included in the transparent substrate are transparent layers.

[0116] In a specific embodiment, when the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a glass substrate, the texture on the glass substrate can be achieved by processes such as acid etching, sandblasting, laser etching, etc. When the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer, the texture on the polymer layer can be achieved by nanoimprinting (e.g., UV nanoimprint, thermal nanoimprint, mold compression nanoimprint) or transfer printing (e.g., UV transfer print).

[0117] In one embodiment, the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a glass substrate, and the first transparent layer or the light-absorbing layer of the light-absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or an adhesive layer; or the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer, and the first transparent layer or the light-absorbing layer of the light-absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or an adhesive layer or a glass substrate; or the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is an adhesive layer, and the first transparent layer or the light-absorbing layer of the light-absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or a glass substrate.

[0118] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate further includes a second transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate on the side of the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer. When the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate is a polymer layer, the second transparent layer is an adhesive layer. Optionally, the transparent substrate further includes a glass substrate in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer; or the second transparent layer is a film substrate layer. Optionally, the transparent substrate further includes an adhesive layer in contact with the film substrate layer on the side of the film substrate layer facing away from the polymer layer. Further optionally, the transparent substrate further includes a glass substrate in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the film substrate layer; when the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate is an adhesive layer, the second transparent layer is a glass substrate.

[0119] In a specific embodiment, the transparent substrate is a single transparent layer, one surface of the single transparent layer is in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the single transparent layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflective layer. In a more specific embodiment, the single transparent layer is any one of a glass substrate and a polymer layer.

[0120] In another embodiment, the transparent substrate comprises at least one transparent layer, wherein one surface of the transparent layer contacts the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the transparent layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, and all layers included in the transparent substrate are transparent layers. In a specific embodiment, the transparent substrate comprises more than two transparent layers, and all layers included in the transparent substrate are transparent layers. In a specific embodiment, the at least one transparent layer comprises any one of a glass substrate, an adhesive layer, a polymer layer, and a film substrate layer, or any combination thereof.

[0121] In a specific embodiment, the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a glass substrate. In another specific embodiment, the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer. In yet another specific embodiment, the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is an adhesive layer.

[0122] In a further embodiment, the transparent substrate comprises more than two transparent layers, the transparent layer in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is the first transparent layer, the transparent substrate further comprises a second transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate on the side of the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer, and when the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate is a polymer layer, the second transparent layer is an adhesive layer. In a further embodiment, the transparent substrate further comprises a glass substrate in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer.

[0123] In another further embodiment, the transparent substrate includes more than two transparent layers, the transparent layer in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is the first transparent layer, and the transparent substrate also includes a second transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate on the side of the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate away from the semi-reflective layer, and when the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate is a polymer layer, the second transparent layer is a film substrate layer. In a further embodiment, the transparent substrate also includes an adhesive layer in contact with the film substrate layer on the side of the film substrate layer away from the polymer layer. In a further embodiment, the transparent substrate also includes a glass substrate in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer away from the film substrate layer.

[0124] In another further embodiment, the transparent substrate includes more than two transparent layers, the transparent layer in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a first transparent layer, and the transparent substrate also includes a second transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate on the side of the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate away from the semi-reflective layer, and when the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate is an adhesive layer, the second transparent layer is a glass substrate.

[0125] In an exemplary embodiment, the transparent substrate includes or consists of a single transparent layer, which is in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, and the single transparent layer is a glass substrate or a polymer layer.

[0126] In an exemplary embodiment, the transparent substrate includes or consists of two transparent layers, wherein the first transparent layer in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is an adhesive layer, and the second transparent layer is a glass substrate, which is in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer, that is, the adhesive layer is located between the glass substrate and the semi-reflective layer, and the adhesive layer and the glass substrate are both transparent layers. Alternatively, the first transparent layer in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer, and the second transparent layer is a film substrate layer, which is in contact with the polymer layer on the side of the polymer layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer, and the polymer layer and the film substrate layer are both transparent layers.

[0127] In an exemplary embodiment, the transparent substrate includes or consists of three transparent layers, wherein the first transparent layer in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer; the second transparent layer is an adhesive layer, which is in contact with the polymer layer on the side of the polymer layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer; the third transparent layer is a glass substrate, which is in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer; the adhesive layer, polymer layer, and glass substrate are all transparent layers.

[0128] In an exemplary embodiment, the transparent substrate includes or consists of four transparent layers, wherein the first transparent layer in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer; the second transparent layer is a film substrate layer, which is in contact with the polymer layer on the side of the polymer layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer; the third transparent layer is an adhesive layer, which is in contact with the film substrate layer on the side of the film substrate layer facing away from the polymer layer; the fourth transparent layer is a glass substrate, which is in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the film substrate layer; the polymer layer, the film substrate layer, the adhesive layer and the glass substrate are all transparent layers.

[0129] Semi-reflective layer

[0130] In the present invention, the semi-reflective layer refers to a layer that is semi-reflective to light. The semi-reflective layer of the present invention has a high diffuse reflectivity for visible light (for example, the diffuse reflectivity of visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is greater than 40%). In addition, the semi-reflective layer of the present invention also has a high diffuse reflectivity for near-infrared light (for example, the diffuse reflectivity of near-infrared light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is greater than or equal to 55%). In a specific embodiment, the semi-reflective layer is formed by coating, so it can also be called a semi-reflective coating. The semi-reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer means that when the incident radiation (such as visible light) reaches the semi-reflective layer, a part of the incident radiation is diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer, and a part of the incident radiation is transmitted by the semi-reflective layer.

[0131] In one embodiment, the semi-reflective layer is located between the transparent substrate and the light absorbing substrate. In one embodiment, the semi-reflective layer has a textured first surface and a textured second surface. In a further embodiment, the transparent substrate is in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the transparent substrate is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflective layer. In a further embodiment, the light absorbing substrate is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the light absorbing substrate is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer.

[0132] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the semi-reflective layer 102 is textured and has a textured first surface 1021 and a textured second surface 1022 .

[0133] Diffuse reflection and transmission of visible light by semi-reflective layer

[0134] In the composite assembly of the present invention, the semi-reflective layer has a high diffuse reflectivity for visible light in the incident light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate. In a specific embodiment, the incident light is sunlight, and the semi-reflective layer also has a high diffuse reflectivity for near-infrared light in the incident light.

[0135] On the one hand, in the present invention, the semi-reflective layer diffusely reflects the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, and has a high diffuse reflectivity. The high diffuse reflectivity helps the light absorbing substrate to achieve good thermal comfort on the side away from the transparent substrate, and diffuse reflection rather than specular reflection can avoid light pollution. Accordingly, the semi-reflective layer has a relatively low transmittance to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate. In a specific embodiment, the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is an external visible light source of the composite component. In a more specific embodiment, the external visible light source is external sunlight, and the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is a part of the external sunlight. At this time, as mentioned above, the semi-reflective layer can also have a high diffuse reflectivity to the near-infrared light in the external sunlight.

[0136] On the other hand, in the present invention, the semi-reflective layer diffusely reflects the visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate, and has a high diffuse reflectivity. The appropriate light absorptivity of the light-absorbing substrate helps the side of the light-absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate to achieve a good projection display effect. Similarly, diffuse reflection rather than specular reflection can avoid light pollution. In a specific embodiment, the visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate is the internal visible light source of the composite assembly. In a more specific embodiment, according to the application scenario of the composite assembly, the visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate can be the indoor visible light of vehicles such as cars and trains. In a particularly specific embodiment, the visible light is the visible light emitted by the indoor projection equipment of vehicles such as cars and trains.

[0137] The media on both sides of the semi-reflective layer, i.e., the transparent substrate and the light-absorbing substrate, have a close or identical refractive index, which helps the composite assembly of the present invention to have a low haze, thereby meeting the demand for low haze in certain application scenarios, and the haze can be 10% or less, preferably, 5% or less. The low haze of the composite assembly can ensure a clear view through the composite assembly. Specifically, the transparent substrate and the light-absorbing substrate each contain at least one layer, and any layer in the transparent substrate has a close or identical refractive index to any layer in the light-absorbing substrate. In one embodiment, the absolute value of the refractive index difference between any layer in the transparent substrate and any layer in the light-absorbing substrate can be 0.05 or less, preferably 0.02 or less, more preferably 0.015 or less, for example, 0.05 or less, 0.02 or less, 0.018 or less, 0.016 or less, 0.015 or less, 0.014 or less, 0.012 or less, 0.01 or less, 0.008 or less, 0.006 or less, 0.004 or less, 0.002 or less, etc.

[0138] Textured surface of semi-reflective layer

[0139] The contact surface of the adjacent layer and the semi-reflective layer is textured. When the adjacent layer is a glass substrate, the textured contact surface can be achieved by acid etching, sandblasting, laser etching and the like. When the adjacent layer is a polymer layer, the textured contact surface can be achieved by nanoimprinting (e.g., ultraviolet nanoimprinting, thermal nanoimprinting, molded nanoimprinting) or transfer printing (e.g., ultraviolet transfer printing).

[0140] In one embodiment, a textured surface of an adjacent layer may be formed by the above method, and the material of the semi-reflective layer may be coated on the textured surface to form a semi-reflective layer having a textured surface.

[0141] When the incident radiation on the composite assembly reaches the contact surface of the semi-reflective layer and its adjacent layer, the reflection is diffuse reflection because the contact surface is textured. Therefore, the diffuse reflection of visible light by the composite assembly of the present invention is related to the textured surface where the semi-reflective layer and its adjacent layer are in contact.

[0142] In a preferred embodiment, the textured first surface is parallel to the textured second surface. In another preferred embodiment, the textured first surface has a profile RMS slope of about 1° to about 20°. In yet another preferred embodiment, the textured second surface has a profile RMS slope of about 1° to about 20°. In a more preferred embodiment, the profile RMS slope of the textured first surface is equal to the profile RMS slope of the textured second surface.

[0143] Composition of semi-reflective layer

[0144] In one embodiment, the semi-reflective layer is a single layer or a multi-layer stack.

[0145] In one embodiment, the semi-reflective layer is a single layer, and the single layer is a metal layer or a metal alloy layer. The metal layer or the metal alloy layer has a high diffuse reflectivity to visible light and near-infrared light.

[0146] In another embodiment, the semi-reflective layer is a multilayer stack comprising at least one metal layer or metal alloy layer. The metal layer or metal alloy layer has a high diffuse reflectivity to visible light and near infrared light. Each contact surface of each layer in the multilayer stack with an adjacent layer is textured, and the texture of each contact surface is complementary to the texture of the adjacent contact surface. In a preferred embodiment, each layer in the multilayer stack with each textured contact surface of the adjacent layer (including the above-mentioned textured first surface and the textured second surface) is parallel to each other.

[0147] In one embodiment, the metal layer comprises any one of aluminum, silver, molybdenum or any combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the metal layer comprises aluminum. In another preferred embodiment, the metal layer comprises silver. In another preferred embodiment, the metal layer comprises aluminum and silver.

[0148] In one embodiment, the metal alloy layer comprises any one of aluminum alloy, silver alloy, molybdenum alloy or any combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the metal alloy layer comprises aluminum alloy.

[0149] When the semi-reflective layer is a multilayer stack, the multilayer stack may contain the same or different metals or metal alloys. For example, the multilayer stack may contain two metal layers, one of which contains silver and the other contains silver or aluminum. When the semi-reflective layer is a multilayer stack, the multilayer stack contains more than two metal layers, and the metal layers in the multilayer stack may be adjacent or separated by other layers; for example, the multilayer stack may contain two metal layers, the two metal layers may be adjacent or separated by a dielectric layer (which may contain a non-metallic oxide, such as TiO x ). For another example, the multilayer stack may include two metal alloy layers, one of which includes an aluminum alloy, and the other includes a silver alloy or a molybdenum alloy. When the semi-reflective layer is a multilayer stack, and the multilayer stack includes two or more metal alloy layers, the metal alloy layers in the multilayer stack may be adjacent or separated by other layers; for example, the multilayer stack may include two metal alloy layers, the two metal alloy layers may be adjacent or separated by an electrolyte layer (which may include a non-metallic oxide, such as TiO x Of course, the multilayer stack may also include one or more metal layers and one or more metal alloy layers at the same time. This will not be described in detail here.

[0150] When the semi-reflective layer is a multilayer stack, the multilayer stack can be symmetrically stacked or asymmetrically stacked. For example, for the purpose of explanation only and not actual stacking design, a 40nm TiOx / 20nm Al / 40nm TiOx stack is a symmetrical stack, while a 20nm Al / 60nm TiOx / 5nm Cu stack is an asymmetrical stack. Specifically, when the multilayer stack of the semi-reflective layer is a symmetrical stack, it can be considered that the semi-reflective layer reflects and absorbs the incident light incident from both sides thereof (from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate and from the side of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate) the same. When the multilayer stack of semi-reflective layers is an asymmetric stack, at the lamination interface of the semi-reflective layers, the semi-reflective layers may have certain differences in reflection and absorption of incident light incident from its two sides (from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light-absorbing substrate and from the side of the light-absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate) (but according to optical theory, the semi-reflective layer has no difference in transmission of incident light incident from its two sides), and such differences help to obtain different optical effects (such as different color appearances, different reflectivities) on both sides of the semi-reflective layer. For example, when used for vehicle window glass, different optical effects can be respectively obtained inside and outside the vehicle window, such as a colorful appearance observed from outside the vehicle while still showing a neutral color to the inside of the vehicle. In addition, the transmission can still be neutral and the reflection can be designed to be colorful.

[0151] Blocking layer

[0152] In one embodiment, the semi-reflective layer further comprises a blocking layer, which is located on one side of the metal layer or metal alloy layer or on both sides of the metal layer or metal alloy layer, and each contact surface between the blocking layer and the adjacent layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the adjacent contact surface. In a preferred embodiment, the textured contact surfaces of the blocking layer and the adjacent layer are parallel to each other. The blocking layer can be used to block the metal layer or metal alloy layer, thereby preventing the metal or metal alloy in the metal layer or metal alloy layer from being corroded by the external environment, thereby extending the service life of the semi-reflective layer.

[0153] In one embodiment, the blocking layer includes any one of nickel, chromium, titanium, nickel-chromium alloy, or any combination thereof.

[0154] Dielectric layer

[0155] In one embodiment, the semi-reflective layer further comprises a dielectric layer, wherein each contact surface of the dielectric layer with the adjacent layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the adjacent contact surface. In a preferred embodiment, the textured contact surfaces of the dielectric layer with the adjacent layer are parallel to each other.

[0156] On the one hand, in the semi-reflective layer, the dielectric layer can protect the metal or metal alloy in the metal layer or the metal alloy layer, thereby preventing the metal or metal alloy from being damaged by oxidation, moisture or scratches, and extending the service life of the semi-reflective layer.

[0157] On the other hand, introducing such a dielectric layer into the semi-reflective layer can also make the diffuse reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer to visible light different from the diffuse reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer to near-infrared light (for example, making the diffuse reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer to near-infrared light greater than its diffuse reflectivity to visible light), thereby helping the composite component to obtain a better thermal comfort control effect at a specific visible light reflectivity level. In addition, the dielectric layer can also adjust the color of the visible light reflected by the semi-reflective layer according to optical interference, thereby giving the composite component a unique appearance and aesthetic value.

[0158] In one embodiment, the dielectric layer comprises metal or inorganic non-metal oxides, nitrides, sulfides, carbides. In a preferred embodiment, the dielectric layer may comprise TiO x In another preferred embodiment, the dielectric layer may include SiO x Among them, TiO x Represents titanium oxide, SiO x Represents silicon oxide, 1.5 <x≤2。

[0159] Absorption adjustment layer

[0160] In one embodiment, the semi-reflective layer further comprises an absorption adjustment layer, and each contact surface of the absorption adjustment layer with the adjacent layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the adjacent contact surface, and the blocking layer is located on one side of the absorption adjustment layer or on both sides of the absorption adjustment layer. In the semi-reflective layer, the absorption adjustment layer comprises a metal, which has a unique light absorption band in the visible light range, so that the color and light absorption of the semi-reflective layer can be adjusted. The blocking layer can be used to block the absorption adjustment layer, thereby preventing the metal in the absorption adjustment layer from being corroded by the external environment and extending the service life of the semi-reflective layer. In a preferred embodiment, the textured contact surfaces of the absorption adjustment layer and the adjacent layer are parallel to each other.

[0161] In one embodiment, the absorption regulating layer comprises copper, gold or any combination thereof.

[0162] Light absorbing substrate

[0163] In the present invention, the light absorbing substrate refers to a material layer with high absorption rate for visible light. The light absorbing substrate combined with the semi-reflective layer helps the composite assembly of the present invention to achieve excellent projection display effect.

[0164] Specifically, for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, after the semi-reflective layer achieves a highly diffuse reflection effect, part of the visible light that passes through the semi-reflective layer is further absorbed by the light absorbing substrate, so that the composite assembly of the present invention achieves a low transmittance effect, so as to achieve functions such as privacy and reducing the interference of external ambient light on projection display. In addition, for visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate, the light absorbing substrate can appropriately absorb the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate (including the visible light that enters for the first time and the visible light diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer), thereby controlling the intensity of the diffusely reflected visible light, helping to achieve a suitable projection display brightness on the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate, and avoiding potential light pollution on the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate; for example, if the composite assembly is used for a sunroof of a car, the light absorbing substrate in the composite assembly helps to control the light intensity of the in-car environment, achieve a suitable projection display brightness, and avoid potential light pollution (for example, excessive reflection of the internal ambient light in the car or the light of the large-size display panel toward the passengers). In addition, optionally, the light absorbing substrate can also help adjust the visible light color of the side of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate. In one embodiment, the light absorbing substrate includes a colored layer, such as a colored polymer layer, a colored glass substrate, a dark state dimming film (the dimming film is in a dark state), etc.

[0165] Composition of light absorbing substrate

[0166] In one embodiment, the light absorbing substrate includes any one of a glass substrate, an adhesive layer, a polymer layer, a dimming film, a film substrate layer, or any combination thereof. For example, the light absorbing substrate may be a glass substrate, an adhesive layer, a dimming film, a polymer layer, a film substrate layer, etc. In a specific embodiment, the light absorbing substrate may be a combination of a glass substrate and / or an adhesive layer and / or a dimming film and / or a polymer layer and / or a film substrate layer.

[0167] Glass substrate

[0168] The glass substrate can be an amorphous inorganic non-metallic material, which is generally made of a variety of inorganic minerals (such as quartz sand, borax, boric acid, barite, barium carbonate, limestone, feldspar, soda ash, etc.) as the main raw materials, and a small amount of auxiliary raw materials are added. Its main components are silicon dioxide and other oxides. "Glass" can be any type of glass, which can be sodium-containing glass or low-sodium glass (for example: high borosilicate glass, high alumina-silicon glass, etc.). Glass can be, for example, colorless glass, or it can be, for example, colored glass that is mixed with certain metal oxides or salts to show color. The shape of the glass substrate can be arbitrary. According to actual needs, the glass substrate can be, for example, square, rectangular, circular, elliptical, regular hexagonal, etc. According to actual needs, the glass can be tempered glass that has been tempered, such as glass treated by chemical tempering. In addition, according to actual needs, the glass substrate can be flat glass or curved glass. In addition, the thickness of the glass substrate is about 1 mm or more. In one embodiment, the thickness of the glass substrate is about 1 mm or more and about 4 mm or less. For example, about 1 mm, about 2 mm, about 3 mm, about 4 mm.

[0169] In one embodiment, the glass substrate comprises any one of soda-lime-silica float glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, glass ceramic glass, polycarbonate glass, or any combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the glass substrate is soda-lime-silica float glass.

[0170] The glass substrate may be used as a transparent layer and / or a light absorbing layer in a light absorbing substrate (described in detail below).

[0171] In addition, in some embodiments, when the glass substrate is the outermost layer of the light absorbing substrate away from the semi-reflective layer, a LowE (Low emissivity) coating may be formed on the side of the glass substrate away from the semi-reflective layer, thereby forming a low-emissivity glass substrate. Since the LowE coating has the characteristics of high transmittance to visible light and high reflection to infrared rays, it helps to obtain a further thermal comfort control effect. In addition, an anti-reflective coating may also be formed on the side of the glass substrate away from the semi-reflective layer, thereby forming an anti-reflective glass substrate, which in turn helps to obtain a further anti-glare effect.

[0172] Adhesive layer

[0173] The adhesive layer has suitable adhesion to the adjacent layers. In one embodiment, the adhesive layer comprises any one of optical glue, thermoplastic polymer, pressure-sensitive adhesive or any combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the adhesive layer comprises any one of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, ionic intermediate film or any combination thereof. In a more preferred embodiment, the adhesive layer comprises an ionic intermediate film.

[0174] The bonding layer may function as a transparent layer and / or a light absorbing layer in a light absorbing substrate (described in detail below).

[0175] Polymer layer

[0176] In one embodiment, the polymer layer comprises any one or any combination of polyester, polyacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyamide, polyimide, photo-crosslinked and / or photo-polymerized resin, and polythiourethane.

[0177] The polymer layer may be used as a transparent layer and / or a light absorbing layer in a light absorbing substrate (described in detail below).

[0178] Smart Film

[0179] The dimming film may be an intelligent light control film, which includes components with dimming function, such as liquid crystal molecules, photosensitizers, etc. In the present invention, when the dimming film is used as the light absorption layer described in detail below, the dimming film in the dark state is used (the dimming film is in the dark state) to achieve the light absorption effect.

[0180] In one embodiment, the dimming film includes any one of a dyed polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, a suspended particle dimming film, an electrochromic dimming film, a guest-host liquid crystal dimming film, or any combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the dimming film is a guest-host liquid crystal dimming film.

[0181] Film substrate layer

[0182] In one embodiment, the film substrate layer comprises any one of a glass film, a thermoplastic polymer film, or any combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the thermoplastic polymer film comprises any one of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, polymethyl methacrylate, polyimide, a cycloolefin polymer, or any combination thereof. In a more preferred embodiment, the glass film has a thickness of about 25 μm to about 200 μm. In another more preferred embodiment, the thermoplastic polymer film has a thickness of about 0.15 mm to about 0.25 mm.

[0183] The film substrate layer may be used as a transparent layer and / or a light absorbing layer in a light absorbing substrate (described in detail below).

[0184] Light absorbing substrate setup

[0185] The light absorbing substrate comprises two main surfaces. In the present invention, one main surface of the light absorbing substrate is textured, and this main surface is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, and the texture of the contact surface of the light absorbing substrate and the semi-reflective layer is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer. Correspondingly, the other main surface of the light absorbing substrate is smooth and non-rough, and it is away from the semi-reflective layer. The light absorbing substrate can be a single layer or a multilayer. When the light absorbing substrate is a single layer, the single-layer light absorbing substrate is a light absorbing layer with a light absorbing function. When the light absorbing substrate is a multilayer, at least one layer of the light absorbing substrate is a light absorbing layer with a light absorbing function.

[0186] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the light absorbing substrate 103 is in contact with the textured second surface 1022 of the semi-reflective layer 102, and the contact surface between the light absorbing substrate and the semi-reflective layer is textured, and the texture of the contact surface is complementary to the texture of the second surface 1022 of the semi-reflective layer 102; and the main surface of the light absorbing substrate 103 facing away from the semi-reflective layer 102 is smooth and non-rough.

[0187] In one embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises at least one light absorbing layer, wherein one surface of one light absorbing layer is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of one of the light absorbing layers is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer. In another embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises at least one light absorbing layer and at least one transparent layer, wherein one surface of one light absorbing layer or one of the transparent layers is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of one of the light absorbing layer or one of the transparent layers is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer. In the composite assembly of the present invention, "light absorbing layer" refers to a layer in the light absorbing substrate having a certain light absorption property, which can absorb a certain degree of visible light relative to the transparent layer.

[0188] In a specific embodiment, when the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a glass substrate, the texture on the glass substrate can be achieved by processes such as acid etching, sandblasting, laser etching, etc. When the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer, the texture on the polymer layer can be achieved by nanoimprinting (e.g., ultraviolet nanoimprinting, thermal nanoimprinting, molded nanoimprinting) or transfer printing (e.g., ultraviolet transfer printing).

[0189] In one embodiment, the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a glass substrate, and the first transparent layer or the light-absorbing layer of the light-absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or an adhesive layer; or the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer, and the first transparent layer or the light-absorbing layer of the light-absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or an adhesive layer or a glass substrate; or the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is an adhesive layer, and the first transparent layer or the light-absorbing layer of the light-absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or a glass substrate.

[0190] In one embodiment, the light absorbing substrate further includes a second light absorbing layer or a transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate on the side of the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer. When the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate is a polymer layer, the second light absorbing layer or the transparent layer is an adhesive layer. Optionally, the light absorbing substrate further includes a glass substrate or a dimming film in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer; or the second light absorbing layer or the transparent layer is a film substrate layer. Optionally, the light absorbing substrate further includes an adhesive layer in contact with the film substrate layer on the side of the film substrate layer facing away from the polymer layer. Further optionally, the light absorbing substrate further includes a glass substrate or a dimming film in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the film substrate layer; when the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate is an adhesive layer, the second light absorbing layer or the transparent layer is a glass substrate or a dimming film.

[0191] In a specific embodiment, the light absorbing substrate is a single-layer light absorbing layer, one surface of the single-layer light absorbing layer is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the single-layer light absorbing layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer. In a more specific embodiment, the single-layer light absorbing layer is any one of a glass substrate and a polymer layer.

[0192] In another specific embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises at least one light absorbing layer, wherein one surface of the light absorbing layer contacts the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the light absorbing layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer. In a specific embodiment, the at least one light absorbing layer comprises any one of a glass substrate, a polymer layer, an adhesive layer, a dimming film, and a film substrate layer, or any combination thereof.

[0193] In another specific embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises at least one light absorbing layer and at least one transparent layer, wherein one surface of the light absorbing layer or the transparent layer contacts the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, and the contact surface of the light absorbing layer or the transparent layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer. In a specific embodiment, the at least one light absorbing layer or the at least one transparent layer comprises any one of a glass substrate, a polymer layer, an adhesive layer, a dimming film, and a film substrate layer, or any combination thereof.

[0194] In a specific embodiment, the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a glass substrate. In another specific embodiment, the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer. In yet another specific embodiment, the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is an adhesive layer.

[0195] In a further embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises at least two light absorbing layers or transparent layers, at least one of the at least two layers is a light absorbing layer, the transparent layer or light absorbing layer in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a first transparent layer or light absorbing layer, the light absorbing substrate further comprises a second light absorbing layer or transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate on the side of the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer, when the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate is a polymer layer, the second light absorbing layer or transparent layer is an adhesive layer. In a further embodiment, the light absorbing substrate further comprises a glass substrate or a dimming film in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer.

[0196] In another further embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises at least two light absorbing layers or transparent layers, at least one of the at least two layers is a light absorbing layer, the transparent layer or light absorbing layer in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a first transparent layer or light absorbing layer, the light absorbing substrate further comprises a second light absorbing layer or transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate on the side of the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer, and when the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate is a polymer layer, the second light absorbing layer or transparent layer is a film substrate layer. In a further embodiment, the light absorbing substrate further comprises an adhesive layer in contact with the film substrate layer on the side of the film substrate layer facing away from the polymer layer. In a further embodiment, the light absorbing substrate further comprises a glass substrate or a dimming film in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the film substrate layer.

[0197] In another further embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises at least two light absorbing layers or transparent layers, at least one of the at least two layers is a light absorbing layer, the transparent layer or light absorbing layer in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a first transparent layer or light absorbing layer, and the light absorbing substrate further comprises a second light absorbing layer or transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate on the side of the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate away from the semi-reflective layer, and when the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate is an adhesive layer, the second light absorbing layer or transparent layer is a glass substrate or a dimming film.

[0198] In an exemplary embodiment, the light absorbing substrate includes or consists of a single light absorbing layer, which is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, and the single light absorbing layer is a glass substrate or a polymer layer.

[0199] In an exemplary embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises or consists of two light absorbing layers or transparent layers, at least one of which is a light absorbing layer, wherein the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is an adhesive layer, and the second transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a glass substrate or a dimming film, which is in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer, that is, the adhesive layer is located between the glass substrate or the dimming film and the semi-reflective layer, and at least one of the adhesive layer and the glass substrate / dimming film is a light absorbing layer. Alternatively, wherein the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer, and the second transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a film substrate layer, which is in contact with the polymer layer on the side of the polymer layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer, and at least one of the polymer layer and the film substrate layer is a light absorbing layer.

[0200] In an exemplary embodiment, the light absorbing substrate includes or consists of three light absorbing layers or transparent layers, at least one of the three layers is a light absorbing layer, wherein the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer; the second transparent layer or light absorbing layer is an adhesive layer, which is in contact with the polymer layer on the side of the polymer layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer; the third transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a glass substrate or a dimming film, which is in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer, and at least one of the polymer layer, the adhesive layer and the glass substrate / dimming film is a light absorbing layer.

[0201] In an exemplary embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises four light absorbing layers or transparent layers or is composed of four light absorbing layers or transparent layers, at least one of the four layers is a light absorbing layer, wherein the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer; the second transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a film substrate layer, which is in contact with the polymer layer on the side of the polymer layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer; the third transparent layer or light absorbing layer is an adhesive layer, which is in contact with the film substrate layer on the side of the film substrate layer facing away from the polymer layer; the fourth transparent layer is a glass substrate or a dimming film, which is in contact with the adhesive layer on the side of the adhesive layer facing away from the film substrate layer, and at least one of the polymer layer, the film substrate layer, the adhesive layer and the glass substrate / dimming film is a light absorbing layer. Alternatively, the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a first adhesive layer; the second transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a dimming film, which is in contact with the first adhesive layer on a side of the first adhesive layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer; the third transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a second adhesive layer, which is in contact with the dimming film on a side of the dimming film facing away from the first adhesive layer; the fourth transparent layer is a glass substrate, which is in contact with the second adhesive layer on a side of the second adhesive layer facing away from the dimming film, and at least one of the first adhesive layer, the dimming film, the second adhesive layer and the glass substrate is a light absorbing layer.

[0202] In an exemplary embodiment, the light absorbing substrate includes five light absorbing layers or transparent layers or is composed of five light absorbing layers or transparent layers, at least one of the five layers is a light absorbing layer, wherein the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer; the second transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a first adhesive layer, which is in contact with the polymer layer on the side of the polymer layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer; the third transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a dimming film, which is in contact with the first adhesive layer on the side of the first adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer; the fourth transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a second adhesive layer, which is in contact with the dimming film on the side of the dimming film facing away from the first adhesive layer; the fifth transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a glass substrate, which is in contact with the second adhesive layer on the side of the second adhesive layer facing away from the dimming film, and at least one of the polymer layer, the first adhesive layer, the dimming film, the second adhesive layer and the glass substrate is a light absorbing layer.

[0203] In an exemplary embodiment, the light absorbing substrate comprises six light absorbing layers or transparent layers or is composed of six light absorbing layers or transparent layers, at least one of the six layers is a light absorbing layer, wherein the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer; the second transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a film substrate layer, which is in contact with the polymer layer on the side of the polymer layer facing away from the semi-reflective layer; the third transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a first adhesive layer, which is in contact with the film substrate layer on the side of the film substrate layer facing away from the polymer layer; the fourth transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a dimming film, which is in contact with the first adhesive layer on the side of the first adhesive layer facing away from the film substrate layer; the fifth transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a second adhesive layer, which is in contact with the dimming film on the side of the dimming film facing away from the first adhesive layer; the sixth transparent layer or light absorbing layer is a glass substrate, which is in contact with the second adhesive layer on the side of the second adhesive layer facing away from the dimming film, and at least one of the polymer layer, the film substrate layer, the first adhesive layer, the dimming film, the second adhesive layer and the glass substrate is a light absorbing layer.

[0204] Haze of composite components

[0205] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the transparent substrate 101 is in contact with the first surface 1021 of the semi-reflective layer 102, and the light-absorbing substrate 103 is in contact with the second surface 1022 of the semi-reflective layer 102, and the light-absorbing substrate 103 has a refractive index close to or the same as that of the transparent substrate 101, which helps to make the composite assembly of the present invention have low haze, thereby meeting the demand for low haze in certain application scenarios. For example, the haze may be less than 10%, preferably less than 5%. The low haze of the composite assembly can ensure a clear view through the composite assembly. Specifically, as described above, the transparent substrate and the light-absorbing substrate each include at least one layer, and any layer in the transparent substrate has a refractive index close to or the same as that of any layer in the light-absorbing substrate. In one embodiment, the absolute value of the refractive index difference between any layer in the light absorbing substrate and any layer in the transparent substrate can be 0.05 or less, preferably 0.02 or less, and more preferably 0.015 or less, for example, 0.05 or less, 0.02 or less, 0.018 or less, 0.016 or less, 0.015 or less, 0.014 or less, 0.012 or less, 0.01 or less, 0.008 or less, 0.006 or less, 0.004 or less, 0.002 or less, etc.

[0206] Example setup for composite components

[0207] When introducing the transparent substrate and the light absorbing substrate, some possible configuration examples of the transparent substrate and the light absorbing substrate have been listed. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that it is impossible to exhaustively list all possible configurations of the composite assembly, so only several specific configurations of the composite assembly will be listed as examples below.

[0208] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the composite assembly of the present invention includes a polymer layer 2031, a semi-reflective layer 2032, a polymer layer 2033 and a film substrate layer 2034. Since one side of the semi-reflective layer 2032 is a transparent substrate and the other side is a light-absorbing substrate, the polymer layer 2031 and any one of the polymer layer 2033 and the film substrate layer 2034 are transparent substrates, and the other is a light-absorbing substrate. For example, when the polymer layer 2033 and the film substrate layer 2034 are light-absorbing substrates, at least one of the polymer layer 2033 and the film substrate layer 2034 is a light-absorbing layer. The transparent substrate faces the external visible light source, that is, the transparent substrate is closer to the external visible light source than the light-absorbing substrate, and the light-absorbing substrate faces the projection light when the composite assembly is used as a projection screen. Further, the composite assembly can be composed of a polymer layer 2031, a semi-reflective layer 2032, a polymer layer 2033 and a film substrate layer 2034.

[0209] In a further exemplary embodiment, Fig.11 As shown, it can be Figure 3The laminated structure shown is bonded to the glass substrate 1101 through the adhesive layer 1102. That is, at this time, the composite component of the present invention includes the glass substrate 1101, the adhesive layer 1102 and the glass substrate 1101. Figure 3 The stacked structure 1103 is shown. Figure 3 The film substrate layer 2034 shown in the figure can be away from the adhesive layer 1102 relative to the polymer layer 2031. Optionally, when the film substrate layer 2034 is a glass film, the glass film can be a tempered glass film, such as a chemically tempered glass film. Similarly, one side of the semi-reflective layer 2032 is a transparent substrate, and the other side is a light absorbing substrate. This is not repeated here. Further, the composite component can be composed of the glass substrate 1101, the adhesive layer 1102 and the like. Figure 3 The stacked structure 1103 shown is composed.

[0210] In a further exemplary embodiment, Fig.12 As shown, it can be Figure 3 The laminated structure shown in FIG. 1 is sandwiched between a first glass substrate 1201 and a second glass substrate 1205 by a first adhesive layer 1202 and a second adhesive layer 1204. That is, at this time, the composite assembly of the present invention includes a first glass substrate 1201, a first adhesive layer 1202, Figure 3 The stacked structure 1203 , the second adhesive layer 1204 and the second glass substrate 1205 are shown. Figure 3 The film substrate layer 2034 shown in the figure can be closer to the first glass substrate 1201 or the second glass substrate 1205 relative to the polymer layer 2031. Fig.12 In the composite assembly shown in Figure 3 The film substrate layer 2034 and / or polymer layer 2031 shown in FIG. In addition, for example, Fig.12 The dimming film is inserted between the two glass substrates in the embodiment of the present invention, which will not be described in detail here. Similarly, one side of the semi-reflective layer 2032 is a transparent substrate, and the other side is a light absorbing substrate. This will not be described in detail here. Further, the composite component can be composed of the first glass substrate 1201, the first adhesive layer 1202, and the like. Figure 3 The stacked structure 1203 , the second adhesive layer 1204 and the second glass substrate 1205 are shown.

[0211] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 4As shown, the composite component of the present invention includes a glass substrate 2035, a semi-reflective layer 2032, an adhesive layer 2036 and a glass substrate 2037. Since one side of the semi-reflective layer 2032 is a transparent substrate and the other side thereof is a light-absorbing substrate, any one of the glass substrate 2035, the adhesive layer 2036 and the glass substrate 2037 is a transparent substrate and the other is a light-absorbing substrate. For example, when the adhesive layer 2036 and the glass substrate 2037 are light-absorbing substrates, at least one of the adhesive layer 2036 and the glass substrate 2037 is a light-absorbing layer. Alternatively, the glass substrate 2037 can be replaced with a dimming film, in which case the adhesive layer 2036 and the dimming film 2037 are light-absorbing substrates. The transparent substrate faces the external visible light source, that is, the transparent substrate is closer to the external visible light source than the light-absorbing substrate, and the light-absorbing substrate faces the projection light when the composite component is used as a projection screen. Further, the composite component may be composed of a glass substrate 2035 , a semi-reflective layer 2032 , an adhesive layer 2036 and a glass substrate 2037 .

[0212] In an exemplary embodiment, Fig.13 As shown, the composite component of the present invention includes a glass substrate 1301, an adhesive layer 1303, a polymer layer 1304, a semi-reflective layer 1302, and a glass substrate 1305. The polymer layer 1304 here can play a flattening role, so it is sometimes also called a flattening layer. Since one side of the semi-reflective layer 1302 is a transparent substrate and the other side is a light-absorbing substrate, any one of the glass substrate 1301, the adhesive layer 1303, the polymer layer 1304 and the glass substrate 1305 is a transparent substrate and the other is a light-absorbing substrate. For example, when the glass substrate 1301, the adhesive layer 1303 and the polymer layer 1304 are light-absorbing substrates, at least one of the glass substrate 1301, the adhesive layer 1303 and the polymer layer 1304 is a light-absorbing layer. Alternatively, the glass substrate 1301 can be replaced with a dimming film, in which case the dimming film 1301, the adhesive layer 1303 and the polymer layer 1304 are light-absorbing substrates. The transparent substrate faces the external visible light source, that is, the transparent substrate is closer to the external visible light source than the light absorbing substrate, and the light absorbing substrate faces the projection light when the composite assembly is used as a projection screen. Further, the composite assembly can be composed of a glass substrate 1301, an adhesive layer 1303, a polymer layer 1304, a semi-reflective layer 1302, and a glass substrate 1305.

[0213] In an exemplary embodiment, Fig.14As shown, the composite assembly of the present invention includes a glass substrate 1401, an adhesive layer 1403, a semi-reflective layer 1402, a polymer layer 1404, an adhesive layer 1405 and a glass substrate 1406. Preferably, the adhesive layer 1405 can be an optical adhesive. Since one side of the semi-reflective layer 1402 is a transparent substrate and the other side is a light-absorbing substrate, any one of the glass substrate 1401, the adhesive layer 1403 and the polymer layer 1404, the adhesive layer 1405 and the glass substrate 1406 is a transparent substrate and the other is a light-absorbing substrate. For example, when the polymer layer 1404, the adhesive layer 1405 and the glass substrate 1406 are light-absorbing substrates, at least one of the polymer layer 1404, the adhesive layer 1405 and the glass substrate 1406 is a light-absorbing layer. Alternatively, the glass substrate 1406 can be replaced with a dimming film, in which case the polymer layer 1404, the adhesive layer 1405 and the dimming film 1406 are light-absorbing substrates. The transparent substrate faces the external visible light source, that is, the transparent substrate is closer to the external visible light source than the light absorbing substrate, and the light absorbing substrate faces the projection light when the composite assembly is used as a projection screen. Further, the composite assembly can be composed of a glass substrate 1401, an adhesive layer 1403, a semi-reflective layer 1402, a polymer layer 1404, an adhesive layer 1405 and a glass substrate 1406.

[0214] Properties of composite components

[0215] The composite component of the present invention comprises a textured semi-reflective layer, which has a high level of diffuse reflection for both visible light and near-infrared light, and comprises a highly transparent transparent substrate and a light-absorbing substrate with light-absorbing effect, so that the composite component of the present invention can achieve excellent thermal comfort control effects and projection display effects.

[0216] The transmission of visible light from the composite assembly incident on the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate

[0217] Figure 5a as well as Figure 5b An exemplary embodiment of the composite assembly of the present invention is shown, wherein the composite assembly comprises a transparent substrate 301, a semi-reflective layer 302, and a light-absorbing substrate 303. Visible light 300 can enter the transparent substrate from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light-absorbing substrate, and pass through the transparent substrate 301, the semi-reflective layer 302, and the light-absorbing substrate 303 in sequence, and achieve excellent thermal comfort control effects through reflection, transmission, and absorption of the incident light by the composite assembly.

[0218] Specifically, Figure 5a As shown, the transmittance of the composite assembly to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate is TL. More specifically, Figure 5bAs shown, the transmittance TL of the composite component to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is related to the transmittance T1 of the transparent substrate to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, the transmittance T2 of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, and the transmittance T3 of the light absorbing substrate to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate. Therefore, the transmittance TL of the composite component to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate can be expressed as the relationship of Formula I.

[0219] TL=T1*T2*T3 Formula I

[0220] More specifically, when the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate passes through the transparent substrate, the visible light will be reflected, absorbed and transmitted by the transparent substrate. Specifically, Figure 5b As shown in FIG. 1 , visible light is first reflected at the interface between the outside (e.g., air) and the transparent substrate, and then absorbed by the transparent substrate. Therefore, the transmittance T1 of the transparent substrate to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate can be expressed as T1=(100%-R1)*(100%-A1), where R1 represents the reflectivity of the transparent substrate to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate. Specifically, as Figure 5b As shown, R1 represents the reflectivity of the interface between the outside (eg, air) and the transparent substrate to the visible light, and A1 represents the absorptivity of the transparent substrate to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0221] Similarly, when visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate passes through the semi-reflective layer, the visible light is diffusely reflected, absorbed, and transmitted by the semi-reflective layer. Figure 5b As shown, diffuse reflection and absorption occur in the same phase, so the transmittance T2 of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate can be expressed as T2 = (100% - R2 - A2), where R2 represents the diffuse reflectance of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate. Figure 5b As shown, the semi-reflective layer reflects the visible light in a diffuse manner, and A2 represents the absorptivity of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate.

[0222] Similarly, when visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate passes through the light absorbing substrate, the visible light is reflected, absorbed, and transmitted by the light absorbing substrate. Figure 5bAs shown in FIG. 1 , visible light is first absorbed by the light absorbing substrate and then reflected at the interface between the light absorbing substrate and the outside world (e.g., air). Therefore, the transmittance T3 of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate can be expressed as T3=(100%-R3)*(100%-A3), wherein R3 represents the reflectivity of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate (i.e., the reflectivity of the light absorbing substrate to the incident visible light). Specifically, as Figure 5b As shown, R3 represents the reflectivity of the interface between the light-absorbing substrate and the outside world (e.g., air) to the visible light, and A3 represents the absorptivity of the light-absorbing substrate to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate (i.e., the absorptivity of the light-absorbing substrate to the incident visible light).

[0223] Based on this, the transmittance TL of the composite assembly for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate can be expressed as the relationship of Formula II.

[0224] TL=(100%-R1)*(100%-A1)*(100%-R2-A2)*(100%-R3)*(100%-A3) Formula II

[0225] In one embodiment, the transmittance TL is about 0.5% to about 10%, preferably about 0.5% to about 2.5% (taking into account all-weather projection display, as described in detail below). This transmittance range is set so as to achieve functions such as privacy function, visibility to the outside, and reducing interference of external ambient light on the projection display.

[0226] The present invention creatively adopts a composite component design including a transparent substrate, a semi-reflective layer and a light-absorbing substrate, which can multiple-reflect, absorb and transmit visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate.

[0227] The semi-reflective layer of the composite component diffusely reflects the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate with a high diffuse reflectivity. On the one hand, most of the visible light can be diffusely reflected, and a small amount of visible light can pass through the semi-reflective layer, effectively controlling the ambient temperature on the side of the light-absorbing substrate, which helps to achieve the thermal comfort control effect; on the other hand, because it is diffuse reflection rather than specular reflection, the light pollution on the side of the transparent substrate is very limited. In addition, the transparent substrate is highly transparent to visible light and rarely absorbs visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate, which can ensure that the visible light effectively reaches the semi-reflective layer and is highly diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer. The transparent substrate also has very low light absorption of the visible light diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer, avoiding the secondary emission problem caused by the absorption of visible light in the prior art, making full use of the function of the semi-reflective layer, thereby achieving the thermal comfort control effect of the composite component. In addition, on the one hand, the light-absorbing substrate can be combined with the semi-reflective layer to achieve the target transmittance TL of the composite component to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate without affecting the thermal comfort performance. On the other hand, it can appropriately absorb visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate (including visible light diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer in the visible light), thereby achieving appropriate projection display brightness on the side of the light-absorbing substrate and avoiding potential light pollution.

[0228] Diffuse reflection of incident light from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate by the composite assembly

[0229] When light enters the composite component of the present invention from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate, the composite component has a high diffuse reflectivity for visible light and also has a high diffuse reflectivity for near infrared light.

[0230] Specifically, Figure 5c As shown, the diffuse reflectance of the composite component to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is SCE2, wherein the combined Figure 5bAs shown, after the visible light 300 incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate enters the transparent substrate 301, the visible light will be reflected, absorbed and transmitted by the transparent substrate. The visible light passing through the transparent substrate 301 (the transmittance of the transparent substrate to visible light is T1 = (100% - R1) * (100% - A1)) reaches the semi-reflective layer 302 and is further diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer 302 (at this time, the diffuse reflectance of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is R2). The emitted visible light reaches and passes through the transparent substrate 301 again (at this time, the transmittance of the transparent substrate to the visible light after diffuse reflection by the semi-reflective layer is (100%-R1)*(100%-A1). Here, for the sake of simplicity, it can be considered that the reflectivity of the visible light at the interface between the outside world and the transparent substrate is the same as the reflectivity of the visible light at the interface between the transparent substrate and the outside world, both of which are R1). Therefore, the diffuse reflectivity SCE2 of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate satisfies the relationship of Formula III.

[0231] SCE2=(100%-R1)*(100%-A1)*R2*(100%-R1)*(100%-A1)=[(100%-R1)*(100%-A1)] 2 *R2

[0232] Formula III

[0233] In the composite assembly of the present invention, the appropriate diffuse reflectance SCE2 of the composite assembly to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate contributes to the composite assembly of the present invention achieving excellent thermal comfort control effect.

[0234] In one embodiment, the diffuse reflectance SCE2 is about 40% to about 90%. This diffuse reflectance range indicates that the composite assembly has a higher diffuse reflectance for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, which helps the composite assembly of the present invention achieve excellent thermal comfort control effect.

[0235] Specifically, on the one hand, the semi-reflective layer of the composite component diffusely reflects the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate with a high diffuse reflectivity; on the other hand, the transparent substrate is highly transparent to visible light and rarely absorbs the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, which can ensure that the visible light effectively reaches the semi-reflective layer, thereby enabling the semi-reflective layer to achieve its high diffuse reflectivity of visible light. Therefore, the transparent substrate combined with the diffuse reflection of the semi-reflective layer on the high diffuse reflectivity of visible light enables the composite component of the present invention to have a high diffuse reflectivity for the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, thereby helping to achieve a thermal comfort control effect.

[0236] In another embodiment, most of the near-infrared light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate can pass through the transparent substrate and reach the semi-reflective layer, and the semi-reflective layer has a high diffuse reflectivity (greater than or equal to 55%) to the above-mentioned near-infrared light, which makes the composite component have a diffuse reflectivity of about 55% to about 95% for the near-infrared light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate. Such a setting of this diffuse reflectivity range for near-infrared light indicates that the composite component has a higher diffuse reflectivity for the near-infrared light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate, which also helps the composite component of the present invention to achieve excellent thermal comfort control effects. Further, the composite component has a direct solar reflectivity (RDS) of about 55% or more for the diffuse reflection of sunlight incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate.

[0237] Diffuse reflection of visible light incident on the composite assembly from the side of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate

[0238] Figure 6a Schematic diagram showing that visible light 304 incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate 303 facing away from the transparent substrate 301 is diffusely reflected by the composite assembly of the present invention. Figure 6b Schematic diagram showing that visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate 303 facing away from the transparent substrate 301 is reflected (including diffuse reflection), transmitted, and absorbed by the light absorbing substrate 303 and the semi-reflective layer 302 .

[0239] Specifically, Figure 6b As shown, the diffuse reflectivity of the composite component to visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate 303 away from the transparent substrate 301 is SCE1, wherein, after the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate enters the light absorbing substrate 303, the visible light passing through the light absorbing substrate 303 (the transmittance of the light absorbing substrate to visible light is T3) reaches the semi-reflective layer 302, and is further diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer 302 (at this time, the diffuse reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate is R4), and the visible light after diffuse reflection reaches and passes through the light absorbing substrate 303 again (at this time, the transmittance of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light after diffuse reflection by the semi-reflective layer is T5). Therefore, the diffuse reflectivity SCE1 of the composite component to visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate satisfies the relationship of Formula IV.

[0240] SCE1=T3*R4*T5 Formula IV

[0241] More specifically, when the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate passes through the light absorbing substrate, the visible light will be reflected, absorbed and transmitted by the light absorbing substrate. Specifically, Figure 6bAs shown in FIG. 1 , the visible light is first reflected at the interface between the outside (e.g., air) and the light absorbing substrate, and then absorbed by the light absorbing substrate. Therefore, the transmittance T3 of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate can be expressed as T3=(100%-R3)*(100%-A3), where R3 represents the reflectivity of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate. Specifically, as Figure 6b As shown, R3 represents the reflectivity of the interface between the outside world (e.g., air) and the light absorbing substrate to the visible light, and A3 represents the absorptivity of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate. In one embodiment, A3 is greater than 16%. In another embodiment, A3 is less than 67%. In yet another embodiment, A3 is greater than 16% and less than 67%.

[0242] Similarly, when the visible light diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer reaches and passes through the light absorbing substrate again, the visible light will be reflected, absorbed and transmitted by the light absorbing substrate. Specifically, Figure 6b As shown in FIG. 1 , the visible light is first absorbed by the light absorbing substrate and then reflected at the interface between the light absorbing substrate and the outside world (e.g., air). Therefore, the transmittance T5 of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer can be expressed as T5=(100%-R5)*(100%-A5), where R5 represents the reflectivity of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer. Specifically, Figure 6b As shown, R5 represents the reflectivity of the interface between the light absorbing substrate and the outside world (e.g., air) to the visible light, and A5 represents the absorptivity of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer. Since the absorptivity of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light does not change when the visible light diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer reaches and passes through the light absorbing substrate again, A3=A5. In addition, in order to simplify the calculation, based on the average consideration, it can be considered that R3=R5. Therefore, T5=T3=(100%-R3)*(100%-A3).

[0243] Based on this, the diffuse reflectance SCE1 of the composite component to visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate satisfies the relationship of Formula V, that is, the relationship of Formula V'.

[0244] SCE1=(100%-R3)*(100%-A3)*R4*(100%-R3)*(100%-A3) Formula V

[0245] SCE1=[(100%-R3)*(100%-A3)] 2 *R4 Type V'

[0246] In one embodiment, the diffuse reflectance SCE1 is about 10% to about 25%. This diffuse reflectance range is set to balance the projection display effect and light pollution control.

[0247] The inventors of the present invention unexpectedly discovered that in the composite assembly of the present invention, the diffuse reflectance SCE1 of the composite assembly to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate is a key technical parameter for achieving the excellent thermal comfort control effect and projection display effect of the composite assembly. Specifically, the composite assembly of the present invention adopts a design comprising a transparent substrate, a semi-reflective layer and a light absorbing substrate, wherein the absorptivity of the light absorbing substrate to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate (including the first entry into the light absorbing substrate and the re-entry into the light absorbing substrate after diffuse reflection by the semi-reflective layer) can significantly affect the diffuse reflectivity of the composite assembly to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate. The light absorbing substrate of the present invention selects a suitable material, which has a suitable transmittance, reflectivity and absorptivity for visible light from different directions, and especially has a suitable absorptivity, so that the composite assembly has a suitable diffuse reflectivity for the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate. From the above, it can be seen that the semi-reflective layer has strong diffuse reflection for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate. Even if the asymmetric stacking design mentioned above is used, the semi-reflective layer will still have strong diffuse reflection toward the light absorbing substrate side. The light absorption performance of the light absorbing substrate can help control the diffuse reflection of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate, thereby achieving appropriate projection display brightness and avoiding potential light pollution.

[0248] Total solar energy transmittance of the composite assembly for sunlight incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate

[0249] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a total solar energy transmittance of about 10% or less for sunlight incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0250] Since the transparent substrate, the semi-reflective layer and the light-absorbing substrate exhibit specific reflectivity (including diffuse reflectivity) and transmittance, the composite assembly of the present invention has a low total solar transmittance (less than about 10%) and a high diffuse reflectivity (more than about 55%) for sunlight incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light-absorbing substrate, which helps the composite assembly of the present invention to achieve excellent thermal comfort effects and can ensure that the side of the light-absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate has a suitable ambient temperature.

[0251] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate of the composite assembly is on the side facing the sunlight, while the light absorbing substrate of the composite assembly is on the side facing away from the sunlight. That is, the transparent substrate is closer to the sunlight than the light absorbing substrate.

[0252] As an example, the composite assembly can be used in a vehicle, wherein the transparent substrate of the composite assembly is the side facing the outside of the vehicle (that is, the side facing the sunlight incident from the outside of the vehicle), and the light absorbing substrate of the composite assembly is the side facing the inside of the vehicle (that is, the side facing the visible light incident from the inside of the vehicle). When the composite assembly of the present invention is used in a vehicle, the sunlight from the outside of the vehicle can pass through the transparent substrate, the semi-reflective layer and the light absorbing substrate, and in particular the visible light in the sunlight undergoes the above-mentioned reflection (mainly diffuse reflection), transmission, and absorption, so that the composite assembly of the present invention achieves an excellent thermal comfort control effect. On the other hand, the light from the projection equipment inside the vehicle will also undergo the above-mentioned reflection (mainly diffuse reflection), transmission, and absorption, so that the composite assembly of the present invention achieves an excellent projection display effect. Exemplarily, when the composite component of the present invention is used as a vehicle window, the composite component can also have mirror transmission for visible light (for example, the composite component has a smooth surface, the layers on both sides of the semi-reflective layer have a lower absolute value of the refractive index difference, and the textured first surface of the semi-reflective layer is parallel to the textured second surface (further preferably, each layer of the semi-reflective layer in the form of a multilayer stack is parallel to each textured contact surface of the adjacent layer)) to achieve the desired mirror transmission function.

[0253] It is particularly advantageous to use the composite assembly of the present invention in a vehicle sunroof (the skylight glass on the top of the vehicle), because the large-sized sunroof and its application scenarios are more conducive to the composite assembly to achieve its excellent thermal comfort control effect and projection display effect.

[0254] Comprehensively consider the reflection (including diffuse reflection), transmission and absorption of visible light from different directions by the composite component

[0255] Further, the diffuse reflection of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate and the transmission of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate are comprehensively considered, so as to comprehensively optimize the diffuse reflectance of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate and the transmittance of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate. Specifically, combining the above formula II and formula V, the inventors obtained the relationship of formula VI, wherein by combining formula II and formula V, the relationship of formula VI-a can be obtained; further adjusting formula VI-a (adjustment of the mathematical relationship formula) can obtain the relationship of VI-b and formula VI.

[0256]

[0257]

[0258]

[0259] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate has a reflectivity R1 of about 3.8% to about 4.5%, preferably about 4% to about 4.2%, and more preferably about 4% for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0260] In one embodiment, the transparent substrate has an absorptivity of about 0.5% to about 1.5%, preferably about 0.8% to about 1.2%, and more preferably about 1% for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0261] Based on this, [(100%-R1)*(100%-A1)] 2 The range of is about 0.88 to about 0.92.

[0262] For example, when a 2.1 mm thick ordinary white glass (such as ordinary white glass produced by Saint-Gobain and model number PLC (Planiclear)) glass plate is used as the outer glass, together with a transparent PVB (polyvinyl butyral) layer used for bonding as the transparent substrate, R1 can be regarded as 4% and A1 can be regarded as 1%. The relationship of the above formula VI can be further expressed as the relationship of formula VII.

[0263]

[0264] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a diffuse reflectance SCE1 of about 10% to about 25% for visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate. This diffuse reflectance range is set to balance the projection display effect and light pollution control.

[0265] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a transmittance of about 0.5% to about 10%, preferably about 0.5% to about 2.5%, for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate. This transmittance range is set so as to achieve functions such as privacy, visibility to the outside, and reducing interference of external ambient light on the projection display.

[0266] As an example, the composite assembly can be used in a vehicle, wherein the transparent substrate of the composite assembly is the side facing the outside of the vehicle (i.e., the side facing the sunlight from the outside of the vehicle), and the light absorbing substrate of the composite assembly is the side facing the inside of the vehicle (i.e., the side facing the visible light from the inside of the vehicle). At this time, the transmittance TL of the composite assembly to the visible light in the incident sunlight from the outside of the vehicle is about 0.5% to about 10%. In a specific embodiment, for the use of all-weather projection display inside the vehicle, since the illumination intensity of the sunlight outside the vehicle during the day is relatively high (e.g., usually in the range of several thousand lux to 100,000 lux, and may even be higher in some areas), in order to meet the use conditions of the all-weather projection display, the transmittance TL of the composite assembly to the visible light in the incident sunlight from the outside of the vehicle is about 0.5% to about 2.5%. Such a design can minimize the interference of the external ambient light on the projection display effect and achieve a clear view on the one hand, and can also maintain the transparency of the composite assembly on the other hand, so as to observe the external situation at any time. In addition, in the above-mentioned usage scenario, in order to balance the effect of the composite component projection display and the control of light pollution, the composite component has a diffuse reflectance SCE1 of about 10% to about 25% for visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate. Therefore, based on the above-mentioned application scenario, the composite component further satisfies the following relationship for reflection and transmission of visible light.

[0267]

[0268] In a preferred embodiment, the reflection and transmission of visible light by the composite component satisfy the following relationship.

[0269]

[0270] In a more preferred embodiment, for example, for the above-mentioned application scenario of all-weather projection display, the reflection and transmission of visible light by the composite component satisfy the following relationship.

[0271]

[0272] In a more preferred embodiment, for example, for the above-mentioned application scenario of all-weather projection display, the reflection and transmission of visible light by the composite component satisfy the following relationship.

[0273]

[0274] When the composite component of the present invention satisfies the above-mentioned relationship, the composite component can achieve balanced projection display effects and light pollution control, and can realize privacy function, external visibility function and reduce the interference of external ambient light on projection display, which is a technical effect that the composite components of the prior art do not have.

[0275] In addition, the above formulas VIII to VIII'' serve as core constraints for the design of the semi-reflective layer described below.

[0276] Furthermore, the diffuse reflectance SCE2 of the composite component to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate affects the thermal comfort control effect of the composite component.

[0277] In one embodiment, the composite assembly has a diffuse reflectance SCE2 of about 40% to about 90% for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate. This diffuse reflectance range indicates that the composite assembly has a high diffuse reflectance for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, which helps the composite assembly of the present invention achieve excellent thermal comfort control effects.

[0278] Transmission and diffuse reflection of visible light by semi-reflective layer and technical effects of corresponding composite components

[0279] In the composite component of the present invention, the suitable transmittance and diffuse reflectance of the semi-reflective layer to visible light are conducive to enabling the composite component of the present invention to achieve excellent thermal comfort control effect and projection display effect.

[0280] In order for the composite assembly of the present invention to achieve its technical effect of having both excellent thermal comfort control and clear projection display effect, the semi-reflective layer in the composite assembly of the present invention may satisfy the following relationship.

[0281] According to the above formula III, the following inequality IX can be obtained, that is, the diffuse reflectance R2 of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is greater than the diffuse reflectance SCE2 of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, that is, R2>SCE2 (Formula IX). As described above, the diffuse reflectance SCE2 of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is about 40% to about 90%, therefore, R2>SCE2=40%~90%, indicating that the semi-reflective layer of the composite component needs to have high diffuse reflectance to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate.

[0282] According to the above formula I, the following inequality X can be obtained, that is, the transmittance T2 of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is greater than the transmittance TL of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, that is, T2>TL (Formula X). As described above, when the transmittance TL of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is about 0.5% to about 10%, T2>TL=0.5%~10%, and for the application scenario of all-weather projection display, the transmittance TL of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is about 0.5% to about 2.5%, therefore, T2>TL=0.5%~2.5%.

[0283] According to the above formula IV, the following inequality XI can be obtained, that is, the diffuse reflectance R4 of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate is greater than the diffuse reflectance SCE1 of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate, that is, R4>SCE1 (Formula XI). As described above, the diffuse reflectance SCE1 of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate is about 10% to about 25%, so R4>SCE1=10%~25%.

[0284] In addition to the above-mentioned Formula VIII to Formula VIII'' being the core constraints for the design of the semi-reflective layer, the inequalities IX-XI here are also the core constraints for the design of the semi-reflective layer.

[0285] Although the diffuse reflectivity R2 of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light-absorbing substrate may be different from the diffuse reflectivity R4 of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate, no matter which semi-reflective layer has a high diffuse reflectivity to visible light in the laminated state, it indicates that a metal layer or metal alloy layer with a high diffuse reflectivity to visible light, such as an aluminum metal layer or a silver metal layer, is required in the semi-reflective layer. Therefore, a single aluminum layer or a single silver layer in a laminated state is first studied to find a situation that matches all constraints as the basis for the design of the semi-reflective layer.

[0286] As an example, the semi-reflective layer may be a metal layer, wherein the metal layer is a single layer of aluminum in a laminated state to form a semi-reflective single-layer metal layer. Since the semi-reflective layer is a single-layer metal layer and as described above, the media on both sides of the semi-reflective layer have a similar or identical refractive index, it can be considered that the diffuse reflectivity R2 of the semi-reflective layer (i.e., the single-layer metal layer) to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate is equal to the diffuse reflectivity R4 of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate.

[0287] Further, refer to the reference "Reference Optical Index: AD Algorithms for determining intrinsic optical constants of metallic films: Application to aluminum, Appl. Opt. 34, 4755-4767 (1995)" (Reference of optical index: AD Algorithm for the determination of intrinsic optical constants of metal films: application to aluminum, Appl. Opt. 34, 4755-4767 (1995)), simulating the above-mentioned use of laminated single-layer aluminum as a semi-reflective metal layer, and the simulation calculation results are shown in the table below.

[0288] Table 1 Simulation of laminated single-layer aluminum as a semi-reflective metal layer in the visible light range (incident angle 0°)

[0289]

[0290] According to the simulation calculation results in the above table, when using laminated monolayer aluminum of different thicknesses starting from a thickness of 10 nm, it can satisfy the relationship between the above-mentioned formulas VIII to VIII' and the relationship between formulas IX-XI, and when using laminated monolayer aluminum of different thicknesses starting from a thickness of 20 nm, it can meet the requirements of all-weather projection display, that is, it can satisfy the relationship between the above-mentioned formulas VIII" and VIII"' and the relationship between formulas IX-XI. Specifically, according to the results shown in Table 1, when the thickness of the laminated monolayer aluminum is 10 nm, the diffuse reflectivity and transmittance of the laminated monolayer aluminum to visible light satisfy the relationship between formulas VIII and VIII' and the relationship between formulas IX-XI. When the thickness of the laminated monolayer aluminum is 20 nm, the diffuse reflectivity and transmittance of the laminated monolayer aluminum to visible light meet the requirements of all-weather projection display, that is, the diffuse reflectivity and transmittance of the laminated monolayer aluminum to visible light satisfy the relationship between formulas VIII" and VIII"', and in addition, it also satisfies the relationship between formulas IX-XI. When the thickness of the laminated single-layer aluminum is 20nm, for the sake of simplicity, R1=R3 is considered; more specifically, a suitable material is selected, R1=R3=4%, A1=1%, and the TL of the composite component can be 2%. Then, according to the relationship between Formula II, Formula III and Formula V, the absorption rate A3 of the incident visible light of the light absorbing substrate is 55.44%, and the diffuse reflectivity SCE1 of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate is 14.54%, and the diffuse reflectivity SCE2 of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is 71.81%. All of the above parameters meet the specified parameter range. It can be seen that when the laminated single-layer aluminum is selected as the metal layer of the semi-reflective layer, the obtained composite component can meet the above optical parameter range, and the composite component can achieve excellent thermal comfort and projection display effects.

[0291] In addition, the total solar transmittance (TTS) of laminated single-layer aluminum was also studied, and the simulation results are shown in the table below.

[0292] Table 2 Simulation and calculation of laminated single-layer aluminum in the range of UV-visible-near infrared light (incident angle of 0°, ISO13837)

[0293]

[0294] *AE represents the absorptivity of the semi-reflective layer (i.e., laminated single-layer aluminum) to ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light

[0295] RE is the reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer (i.e., laminated single-layer aluminum) to ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light.

[0296] TE is the transmittance of the semi-reflective layer (i.e., laminated single-layer aluminum) to ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light.

[0297] TTS represents the total solar transmittance of the semi-reflective layer (ie, laminated single layer aluminum)

[0298] According to the simulation calculation results in the above table, it can be found that when the thickness of the laminated single-layer aluminum is above 20nm, it itself can already have a total solar energy transmittance of less than 10%, which also shows that the corresponding total solar energy transmittance of the entire composite assembly will only be lower, which helps the composite assembly of the present invention to achieve excellent thermal comfort control effects.

[0299] Further, a dielectric layer can be introduced into the semi-reflective layer, that is, in this case, the semi-reflective layer includes a dielectric layer in addition to the laminated single-layer aluminum described above, so that the diffuse reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer to visible light is different from its diffuse reflectivity to near-infrared light. Such a design can make the thicker aluminum stacked semi-reflective layer (i.e., the above-mentioned semi-reflective layer including the laminated single-layer aluminum and the dielectric layer) have a visible light diffuse reflectivity similar to that of the thinner laminated single-layer aluminum, while maintaining a higher diffuse reflectivity to near-infrared light. In such an embodiment, since the corresponding aluminum stacked semi-reflective layer has a lower total solar energy transmittance, it can effectively control light energy and achieve an excellent thermal comfort control effect. For example, if a 25nm thick aluminum stacked semi-reflective layer has a visible light diffuse reflectivity similar to that of a 20nm thick laminated single-layer aluminum by introducing a dielectric layer, then the total solar energy transmittance TTS of the aluminum stacked semi-reflective layer can be between 9.6% of the total solar energy transmittance of the 20nm thick laminated single-layer aluminum and 6.77% of the total solar energy transmittance of the 25nm thick laminated single-layer aluminum.

[0300] In the practical application of the composite assembly of the present invention using aluminum as the metal layer in the semi-reflective layer to achieve the thermal comfort control effect and projection display effect of the composite assembly, the following considerations may be included:

[0301] (1) Aluminum is a cheap and readily available material that can effectively save costs. Aluminum has a low melting point (660°C). When it is coated on the surface of textured glass, it cannot withstand the high temperature during the hot bending process of some car window glasses. Therefore, preferably, aluminum can be applied to the surface of the textured polymer layer or can be applied to the surface of the textured glass when the glass does not need to be subjected to hot bending.

[0302] (2) In order to further improve the durability of the composite component, provide the composite component with a colorful and aesthetically pleasing appearance, make the semi-reflective layer have an asymmetric stacking design, make the diffuse reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer to visible light different from its diffuse reflectivity to near-infrared light (as described in the previous paragraph), etc., other metals or dielectric materials can be added to the semi-reflective layer including a single layer of aluminum.

[0303] (3) Since the aluminum in the semi-reflective layer helps the composite assembly achieve excellent thermal comfort control effects, there is still ample room for further design and research on the semi-reflective layer so that the composite assembly can have both suitable appearance and thermal comfort control effects.

[0304] In another embodiment, as an example, the semi-reflective layer can be a metal layer, wherein the metal layer is a single layer of silver in a laminated state to form a semi-reflective single-layer metal layer. Similarly, since the semi-reflective layer is a single-layer metal layer and as described above, the media on both sides of the semi-reflective layer have a close or identical refractive index, it can be considered that the diffuse reflectivity R2 of the semi-reflective layer (i.e., the single-layer metal layer) for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate is equal to the diffuse reflectivity R4 of the semi-reflective layer for visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate.

[0305] Further, reference is made to the document “Reference of optical index: PB Johnson and R. W. Christy. Optical constants of the noble metals, Phys. Rev. B 6, 4370-4379 (1972)”.

[0306] Table 3 Simulation of laminated single-layer silver as a semi-reflective metal layer in the visible light range (incident angle 0°)

[0307]

[0308] Similar to the case where a laminated single layer of aluminum is used as the semi-reflective metal layer, when a laminated single layer of silver is used as the semi-reflective metal layer, when laminated single layers of silver of different thicknesses starting from a thickness of 25 nm are used as the semi-reflective metal layer, they can all satisfy the relationship of the above-mentioned formulas VIII to VIII' and the relationship of formulas IX-XI, and when laminated single layers of silver of different thicknesses starting from a thickness of 40 nm are used as the semi-reflective metal layer, they can meet the requirements of all-weather projection display, that is, they can satisfy the relationship of the above-mentioned formulas VIII" and VIII"' and the relationship of formulas IX-XI. In addition, similar to the case where a laminated single layer of aluminum is used as the semi-reflective metal layer, when a laminated single layer of silver is used as the semi-reflective metal layer, the obtained composite component can satisfy the corresponding optical parameter range, and the corresponding composite component can achieve excellent thermal comfort control effect and projection display effect.

[0309] In addition, similarly, other metals or dielectric materials can be added to the semi-reflective layer including a single layer of silver to improve the durability of the composite component, provide the composite component with a colorful and aesthetic appearance, make the semi-reflective layer have an asymmetric stacking design, make the diffuse reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer to visible light different from its diffuse reflectivity to near-infrared light to achieve better thermal comfort control effects, etc.

[0310] The above examples show that both aluminum and silver can be used as the basic reflective layer of the semi-reflective layer in the composite assembly of the present invention. In addition, when aluminum and silver are used as the materials of the semi-reflective layer, other materials (such as other metals or dielectric materials) can be further introduced to form a semi-reflective stacked layer, thereby bringing more desired functions to the composite assembly of the present invention, such as excellent projection display effect, thermal comfort control effect, excellent privacy effect, beautified appearance, making the semi-reflective layer have an asymmetric stacking design, making the diffuse reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer to visible light different from its diffuse reflectivity to near-infrared light to achieve better thermal comfort control effect, etc. Preferably, aluminum is cheap and easy to obtain, so when aluminum is used as the metal layer material of the semi-reflective layer, the cost of the composite assembly is low.

[0311] There are many designs for semi-reflective stacks that meet the specification, which cannot be listed here. For example only and not limitation, Figure 7 and Figure 8 Two exemplary designs of semi-reflective stacks using aluminum are shown. Figure 7 In the embodiment, the semi-reflective layer includes an aluminum metal layer 704 (e.g., with a thickness of 20 nm) and contains SiO x (silicon oxide) as dielectric layer 702 (e.g., thickness of 20 nm) and dielectric layer 705 (e.g., thickness of 20 nm), and also includes nickel-chromium alloy as blocking layer 703 (e.g., thickness less than 1 nm), in addition to the semi-reflective layer, Figure 7 The polymer layer 701 and the polymer layer 706 are also shown. The surface of the polymer layer 706 facing the dielectric layer 705 is a textured surface. The dielectric layer 705 is formed on the textured surface. When used for vehicle window glass, the polymer layer 701 can face the outside of the vehicle, and the polymer layer 706 can face the inside of the vehicle. Figure 8 In the embodiment, the semi-reflective layer includes an aluminum metal layer 807 (e.g., with a thickness of 20 nm) and contains SiO x As the dielectric layer 802 (for example, with a thickness of 20 nm) and the dielectric layer 808 (for example, with a thickness of 20 nm), TiO x(titanium oxide) as a dielectric layer 805 (e.g., with a thickness of 60 nm), and including a nickel-chromium alloy as a blocking layer 803 (e.g., with a thickness of less than 1 nm) and a blocking layer 806 (e.g., with a thickness of less than 1 nm), and also including copper as an absorption adjustment layer 804 (e.g., with a thickness of 5 nm). The semi-reflective layer adopts an asymmetric design. In addition, in addition to the semi-reflective layer, Figure 8 Also shown are polymer layer 801 and polymer layer 809. The surface of polymer layer 809 facing dielectric layer 808 is a textured surface, and dielectric layer 800 is formed on the textured surface. When used in vehicle window glass, polymer layer 801 can face the outside of the vehicle, and polymer layer 809 can face the inside of the vehicle.

[0312] In addition, using Figure 8 The design shown in the figure is shown in the figure, and the polymer layer 801 is facing the outside of the car, and the polymer layer 809 is facing the inside of the car, and the colors of reflection and transmission of white visible light from inside and outside the car are simulated to obtain respectively Figures 9 and 10 CIE1931 color coordinate diagram. Among them, Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The light source is white light and the incident angle is 0°, the reference white is CIE-C, and the observer angle is 2°. Fig. 9 As shown, the diffuse reflection chromaticity coordinates of the above design for white visible light from the interior of the car are (x=0.328, y=0.329), and the transmission chromaticity coordinates of the white visible light from the interior of the car are (x=0.333, y=0.345), and both reflection and transmission are neutral. Fig.10 As shown, the diffuse reflection chromaticity coordinates of the above design for white visible light from outside the car are (x=0.306, y=0.268), and the transmission chromaticity coordinates of the white visible light from outside the car are (x=0.333, y=0.345). The reflection is colorful and the transmission is neutral. In other words, Figure 8 The design shown utilizes an asymmetric design of the reflective layer to achieve different reflection colors on both sides, while the transmission is neutral on both sides.

[0313] In summary, the composite component of the present invention comprises a transparent substrate, a semi-reflective layer and a light-absorbing substrate, wherein the semi-reflective layer has a textured surface. Such a design helps the composite component of the present invention to achieve its appropriate diffuse reflectivity for visible light incident from both sides of the semi-reflective layer and its appropriate transmittance for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light-absorbing substrate.

[0314] Specifically, on the one hand, the transparent substrate of the composite component is highly transparent to visible light and can transmit most of the visible light, so most of the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate can pass through the transparent substrate, and the semi-reflective layer with a textured surface has a high diffuse reflectivity for the visible light that passes through the transparent substrate and reaches the semi-reflective layer. The above design enables the composite component of the present invention to have a high diffuse reflectivity (about 40% to about 90%) for the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate, which helps to achieve good thermal comfort on the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate. In addition, since the reflection of the visible light by the semi-reflective layer is diffuse reflection rather than specular reflection, the composite component can effectively avoid optical pollution while achieving the above-mentioned high diffuse reflectivity. Furthermore, the visible light that passes through the semi-reflective layer is further absorbed by the light absorbing substrate, so that the transmittance of the composite component to the visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate away from the light absorbing substrate is low, for example, only about 0.5% to about 10%. The above-mentioned lower visible light transmittance helps the composite assembly of the present invention to achieve functions such as privacy, and reduce the interference of external ambient light on the projection display on one side of the light absorbing substrate. On the other hand, the light absorbing substrate of the composite assembly can absorb a certain degree of visible light, so it can appropriately absorb the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate (including absorbing the visible light diffusely reflected by the semi-reflective layer), so that the composite assembly has a suitable diffuse reflectivity (about 10% to about 25%) for the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate. Such a design helps to control the diffuse reflection intensity of the visible light incident from the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate, and then helps to achieve the appropriate projection display brightness on the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate, and avoid potential light pollution on the side of the light absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate.

[0315] Method for preparing composite components

[0316] Providing at least one layer of one of a light absorbing substrate and a transparent substrate, forming a textured surface on one surface of one of the at least one layer of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate, forming a semi-reflective layer on the textured surface, and forming at least one layer of the other of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate on the surface of the semi-reflective layer facing away from the one of the at least one layer of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate to obtain at least a part of the composite component; optionally, further providing other layers of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate to obtain the composite component; optionally, one of the layers is a polymer layer or a glass substrate.

[0317] In one embodiment, at least one layer of a light absorbing substrate is provided, a textured surface is formed on the surface of one of the at least one layers of the light absorbing substrate, a semi-reflective layer is formed on the textured surface, and at least one layer of a transparent substrate is formed on the surface of the semi-reflective layer facing away from the one of the at least one layers of the light absorbing substrate to obtain at least a portion of the composite assembly; optionally, other layers of a light absorbing substrate and a transparent substrate are further provided to obtain the composite assembly. In one embodiment, the one of the layers is a polymer layer or a glass substrate.

[0318] The texture of the contact surface of the semi-reflective layer in contact with the light absorbing substrate is complementary to the texture of the textured surface of the one layer of the light absorbing substrate. Depending on the material of the one layer of the light absorbing substrate, the one layer of the light absorbing substrate can be processed by a corresponding process to form a textured surface on one surface of the one layer of the light absorbing substrate.

[0319] For example, when one of the layers of the light absorbing substrate is a glass substrate, the texture can be obtained by processes such as acid etching, sandblasting, laser etching, etc.

[0320] For another example, when one of the layers of the light absorbing substrate is a polymer layer, a pre-designed texture can be formed on one surface of the polymer layer by, for example, embossing, thereby obtaining a textured surface of the polymer layer. For example, nanoimprinting with advantages such as high efficiency and high resolution can be used to obtain textures. Nanoimprinting techniques applicable herein include, but are not limited to, ultraviolet nanoimprinting, thermal nanoimprinting, molded nanoimprinting, and the like. For another example, a textured surface can also be formed on one surface of a polymer layer by a transfer technique, such as ultraviolet transfer. Furthermore, the use of a texture printer with a roll-to-roll function can effectively improve the preparation efficiency.

[0321] In another embodiment, at least one layer of a transparent substrate is provided, a textured surface is formed on the surface of one of the at least one layers of the transparent substrate, a semi-reflective layer is formed on the textured surface, and at least one layer of a light-absorbing substrate is formed on the surface of the semi-reflective layer facing away from the at least one layer of the transparent substrate to obtain at least a portion of the composite assembly; optionally, further providing a light-absorbing substrate and other layers of a transparent substrate to obtain the composite assembly. In one embodiment, the one of the layers is a polymer layer or a glass substrate.

[0322] The texture of the contact surface of the semi-reflective layer in contact with the transparent substrate is complementary to the texture of the textured surface of the one layer of the transparent substrate. The textured surface can be formed on the surface of the one layer of the transparent substrate by the same method. Depending on the material of the one layer of the transparent substrate, the one layer of the transparent substrate can be processed by a corresponding process to form a textured surface on one surface of the one layer of the transparent substrate.

[0323] For example, when one of the layers of the transparent substrate is a glass substrate, the texture can be obtained by processes such as acid etching, sandblasting, laser etching, etc.

[0324] For another example, when one of the layers of the transparent substrate is a polymer layer, a pre-designed texture can be formed on one surface of the polymer layer by, for example, embossing, thereby obtaining a textured surface of the polymer layer. For example, nanoimprinting with advantages such as high efficiency and high resolution can be used to obtain textures. Nanoimprinting techniques applicable herein include, but are not limited to, ultraviolet nanoimprinting, thermal nanoimprinting, molded nanoimprinting, and the like. For another example, a textured surface can also be formed on one surface of a polymer layer by a transfer technique, such as ultraviolet transfer. Furthermore, the use of a texture printer with a roll-to-roll function can effectively improve the preparation efficiency.

[0325] For another example, when one of the layers is a polymer layer, a textured surface is formed on one surface of the polymer layer, a semi-reflective layer is formed on the textured surface, and then another polymer layer (as at least one of the other of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate) in contact with the semi-reflective layer can be prepared by a wet coating method, including but not limited to slit coating, curtain coating, blade coating, roller coating, spray coating, spin coating, screen printing, etc. Specifically, a raw material for forming the other polymer layer (which can be a material with suitable fluidity) can be applied on the semi-reflective layer, and by utilizing its fluidity, the raw material can fully fill the textured surface of the semi-reflective layer, and then the other polymer layer is formed by curing, and a smooth surface of the other polymer layer can be formed.

[0326] There is no particular restriction on the curing method in the present invention, and a curing method commonly used in the art can be selected according to the properties of the specific polymer layer used, such as thermal curing, UV light curing, electron beam curing, etc. Among them, there is almost no quality loss before and after the UV light curing is completed, and the stress generated on, for example, the glass film by forming a polymer layer by UV light curing is relatively small. And the UV light curing can be carried out at room temperature. Based on the above-mentioned characteristics of UV light curing, the formation of a polymer layer by UV light curing will not cause obvious internal stress of, for example, the glass film, so that the glass film is not easily destroyed in the subsequent lamination process, which is also conducive to mass production.

[0327] In a preferred embodiment, the contact surface of the semi-reflective layer in contact with the transparent substrate (i.e., the textured first surface of the semi-reflective layer) is parallel to the textured second surface (textured surfaces are parallel means that the textures are parallel to each other). Further preferably, each textured contact surface in the composite assembly is parallel to each other. In order to ensure the parallelism of each textured contact surface in the composite assembly, the semi-reflective layer can be formed by, for example, physical vapor deposition, preferably by cathode sputtering deposition. Cathode sputtering, in particular magnetic field enhanced cathode sputtering, can ensure that the textured first surface and the textured second surface of the semi-reflective layer are parallel to each other, thereby ensuring the parallelism of each textured contact surface in the semi-reflective layer.

[0328] Window assembly

[0329] In another aspect, the present invention relates to a window assembly comprising the composite component of the present invention.

[0330] In one embodiment, the window assembly includes a door, a window, a curtain wall, a vehicle window glass, an aircraft glass or a ship glass. In a preferred embodiment, the window assembly is a vehicle window glass, and the vehicle window glass includes a rear windshield, a skylight glass, a door glass or a corner window glass. In a more preferred embodiment, the vehicle window glass is a skylight glass.

[0331] In a specific embodiment, the transparent substrate of the window assembly faces the outside of the vehicle, and the light absorbing substrate faces the inside of the vehicle. In a more specific embodiment, the vehicle window glass has a specular transmission for visible light.

[0332] In a specific embodiment, the transparent substrate in the window assembly faces the sunlight source, and the light absorbing substrate in the window assembly faces away from the sunlight source.

[0333] vehicle

[0334] On the other hand, the present invention relates to a vehicle, comprising the window assembly of the present invention, and also comprising a projection device, wherein the projection light of the projection device is directed toward the light absorbing substrate of the window assembly, and is used to form a projection image on the side of the semi-reflective layer facing the light absorbing substrate.

[0335] It should be understood here that the embodiments shown in the figures herein only show the optional architecture, shape, size and arrangement of each optional component in the composite component, glass component and window assembly according to the present invention, but they are only for illustration and not limitation, and other shapes, sizes and arrangements may also be adopted without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0336] The technical content and technical features of the present disclosure have been disclosed above. However, it can be understood that under the creative ideas of the present disclosure, technicians in this field can make various changes and improvements to the above disclosed concepts, but they all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure. The description of the above implementation mode is illustrative rather than restrictive, and the protection scope of the present disclosure is determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A composite component comprising: Transparent substrate, semi-reflective layer, and light absorbing substrate; in, The semi-reflective layer is located between the transparent substrate and the light absorbing substrate. The semi-reflective layer has a textured first surface and a textured second surface, The transparent substrate is in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the transparent substrate is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflective layer; and The light absorbing substrate is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the light absorbing substrate is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer; The transparent substrate is closer to an external visible light source than the light absorbing substrate.

2. The composite assembly according to claim 1, wherein The composite assembly is used as a projection screen, and the light absorbing substrate faces the projection light, so as to form a projection image on the side of the semi-reflective layer facing the light absorbing substrate.

3. The composite component according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The composite component consists of a transparent substrate, a semi-reflective layer and a light-absorbing substrate.

4. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The composite assembly has a diffuse reflectivity of about 10% to about 25% for visible light incident from a side of the light absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate; and / or The composite assembly has a diffuse reflectivity of about 40% to about 90% for visible light incident from a side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate; and / or The composite assembly has a total solar energy transmittance of less than about 10% for sunlight incident from a side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate; and / or The composite assembly has a direct solar reflectance (RDS) of about 55% or more for diffuse reflection of sunlight incident from a side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

5. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The composite assembly has a transmittance of about 0.5% to about 10%, preferably about 0.5% to about 2.5%, for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate; and / or The composite assembly has a diffuse reflectivity of about 55% to about 95% for near infrared light incident from a side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate; and / or The haze of the composite assembly is about 10% or less, preferably, about 5% or less.

6. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The diffuse reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate is greater than the diffuse reflectivity of the composite assembly to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate; and / or The semi-reflective layer has a transmittance greater than the transmittance of the composite assembly to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate; and / or The diffuse reflectivity of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate is greater than the diffuse reflectivity of the composite assembly to visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate facing away from the transparent substrate.

7. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The transparent substrate has a reflectivity of about 3.8% to about 4.5%, preferably about 4% to about 4.2%, and more preferably about 4% for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate; and / or The transparent substrate has an absorptivity of about 0.5% to about 1.5%, preferably about 0.8% to about 1.2%, and more preferably about 1% for visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light absorbing substrate.

8. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein The reflection and transmission of visible light by the composite component satisfy the following relationship: Preferably, the reflection and transmission of visible light by the composite component satisfy the following relationship: More preferably, the reflection and transmission of visible light by the composite component satisfy the following relationship: Particularly preferably, the reflection and transmission of visible light by the composite component satisfy the following relationship: in R4 represents the diffuse reflectance of the semi-reflective layer to the visible light incident from the side of the light-absorbing substrate away from the transparent substrate, T2 represents the transmittance of the semi-reflective layer to visible light incident from the side of the transparent substrate facing away from the light-absorbing substrate.

9. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The textured first surface is parallel to the textured second surface.

10. The composite assembly according to claim 9, wherein The textured first surface and / or the textured second surface may have a profile root mean square slope of about 1° to about 20°.

11. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein The light absorbing substrate comprises at least one light absorbing layer, wherein one surface of the light absorbing layer contacts the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, and the contact surface of the light absorbing layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer; or The light absorbing substrate comprises at least one light absorbing layer and at least one transparent layer, wherein one surface of one light absorbing layer or one of the transparent layers is in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer, and the contact surface of one of the light absorbing layers or one of the transparent layers is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the second surface of the semi-reflective layer.

12. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein The transparent substrate comprises at least one transparent layer, wherein one surface of the transparent layer contacts the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, the contact surface of the transparent layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the first surface of the semi-reflective layer, and All layers included in the transparent substrate are transparent layers.

13. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein The light absorbing substrate comprises any one of a glass substrate, an adhesive layer, a dimming film, a polymer layer, and a film substrate layer, or any combination thereof; The transparent substrate comprises any one of a glass substrate, an adhesive layer, a polymer layer, and a film substrate layer, or any combination thereof; Preferably, the glass substrate comprises any one of soda-lime-silica float glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, glass-ceramic glass, polycarbonate glass or any combination thereof, more preferably soda-lime-silica float glass; and / or The adhesive layer comprises any one of optical adhesive, thermoplastic polymer, pressure-sensitive adhesive or any combination thereof, more preferably any one of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, ionic intermediate film or any combination thereof; and / or The dimming film comprises any one of a dyed polymer dispersed liquid crystal dimming film, a suspended particle dimming film, an electrochromic dimming film, a guest-host liquid crystal dimming film or any combination thereof, and a guest-host liquid crystal dimming film is more preferred; and / or The polymer layer comprises any one of polyester, polyacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyamide, polyimide, photo-crosslinked and / or photopolymerized resin and polythiourethane or any combination thereof; and / or The film substrate layer includes any one of a glass film and a thermoplastic polymer film or any combination thereof; More preferably, the thermoplastic polymer film comprises any one of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, polymethyl methacrylate, polyimide, cycloolefin polymer or any combination thereof; Particularly preferably, The glass film has a thickness of about 25 μm to about 200 μm; and / or The thermoplastic polymer film has a thickness of about 0.15 mm to about 0.25 mm.

14. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein The semi-reflective layer is a single layer or a multi-layer stack. The single layer is a metal layer or a metal alloy layer, The multilayer stack comprises at least one metal layer or metal alloy layer, each contact surface of each layer in the multilayer stack with an adjacent layer is textured, and the texture of each contact surface is complementary to the texture of the adjacent contact surface; Preferably, The metal layer includes any one of aluminum, silver, and molybdenum or any combination thereof; the metal alloy layer includes any one of aluminum alloy, silver alloy, and molybdenum alloy or any combination thereof; More preferably, Each textured contact surface of each layer in the multilayer stack with the adjacent layer is parallel to each other.

15. The composite assembly according to claim 14, wherein The semi-reflective layer also includes A blocking layer located on one side of the metal layer or metal alloy layer or on both sides of the metal layer or metal alloy layer, wherein each contact surface between the blocking layer and the adjacent layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the adjacent contact surface; and / or A dielectric layer, each contact surface of the dielectric layer with an adjacent layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the adjacent contact surface; and / or An absorption adjustment layer, wherein each contact surface between the absorption adjustment layer and the adjacent layer is textured, and the texture is complementary to the texture of the adjacent contact surface, and the blocking layer is located on one side of the absorption adjustment layer or on both sides of the absorption adjustment layer; preferably, The blocking layer includes any one of nickel, chromium, titanium, nickel-chromium alloy or any combination thereof; The dielectric layer includes metal or inorganic non-metal oxide, nitride, sulfide, carbide; The absorption adjustment layer includes copper, gold or any combination thereof.

16. The composite assembly according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein The first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a glass substrate, and the first transparent layer or the light-absorbing layer of the light-absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or an adhesive layer; or The first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer, and the first transparent layer or the light-absorbing layer of the light-absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or an adhesive layer or a glass substrate; or The first transparent layer of the transparent substrate in contact with the first surface of the semi-reflective layer is an adhesive layer, and the first transparent layer or light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate in contact with the second surface of the semi-reflective layer is a polymer layer or a glass substrate.

17. The composite assembly according to claim 16, wherein The light absorbing substrate further comprises a second light absorbing layer or a transparent layer, which is in contact with the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate on a side of the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate away from the semi-reflective layer. When the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate is a polymer layer, the second light absorbing layer or the transparent layer is an adhesive layer, and optionally, the light absorbing substrate further comprises a glass substrate or a dimming film in contact with the adhesive layer on a side of the adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer; or the second light absorbing layer or the transparent layer is a film substrate layer, and optionally, the light absorbing substrate further comprises an adhesive layer in contact with the film substrate layer on a side of the film substrate layer facing away from the polymer layer, and further optionally, the light absorbing substrate further comprises a glass substrate or a dimming film in contact with the adhesive layer on a side of the adhesive layer facing away from the film substrate layer; When the first transparent layer or the light absorbing layer of the light absorbing substrate is an adhesive layer, the second light absorbing layer or the transparent layer is a glass substrate or a dimming film.

18. A composite assembly according to claim 16 or 17, wherein The transparent substrate further comprises a second transparent layer which contacts the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate on a side of the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate facing away from the semi-reflective layer. When the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate is a polymer layer, the second transparent layer is an adhesive layer, and optionally, the transparent substrate further comprises a glass substrate in contact with the adhesive layer on a side of the adhesive layer facing away from the polymer layer; or the second transparent layer is a film substrate layer, and optionally, the transparent substrate further comprises an adhesive layer in contact with the film substrate layer on a side of the film substrate layer facing away from the polymer layer, and further optionally, the transparent substrate further comprises a glass substrate in contact with the adhesive layer on a side of the adhesive layer facing away from the film substrate layer; When the first transparent layer of the transparent substrate is an adhesive layer, the second transparent layer is a glass substrate.

19. A method for preparing a composite component according to any one of claims 1 to 18, comprising providing at least one layer of one of a light absorbing substrate and a transparent substrate, forming a textured surface on one surface of at least one layer of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate, and forming a semi-reflective layer on the textured surface, forming at least one layer of the other of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate on a surface of the semi-reflective layer facing away from the one of the at least one layer of the one of the light absorbing substrate and the transparent substrate, to obtain at least a portion of the composite assembly; Optionally, further providing additional layers of a light absorbing substrate and a transparent substrate to obtain the composite assembly; Optionally, the one layer is a polymer layer or a glass substrate.

20. A window assembly comprising the composite component according to any one of claims 1-18.

21. The window assembly according to claim 20, wherein The window assembly includes doors, windows, curtain walls, vehicle window glass, aircraft glass or ship glass.

22. The window assembly according to claim 21, wherein: The window assembly is a vehicle window glass, and the vehicle window glass includes a rear windshield, a sunroof glass, a door glass or a corner window glass, preferably a sunroof glass.

23. The window assembly according to claim 22, wherein: The transparent substrate faces the outside of the vehicle, and the light absorbing substrate faces the inside of the vehicle.

24. The window assembly according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein The transparent substrate in the window assembly faces the sunlight source, and the light absorbing substrate in the window assembly faces away from the sunlight source.

25. A vehicle comprising a window assembly according to any one of claims 22-24, and further comprising a projection device, wherein the projection light of the projection device is directed toward a light absorbing substrate of the window assembly to form a projection image on a side of the semi-reflective layer facing the light absorbing substrate.

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