Thermal management cooperative control system for fuel electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel electric vehicle thermal management cooperative control system, which belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, and comprises a liquid cooling liquid heating unit, a vehicle control unit, a valve controller, a temperature sensor, a condenser and an electronic valve, the vehicle control unit is in communication connection with the valve controller; the valve controller is in communication connection with the electronic valve; the electronic valves comprise a first electronic valve, a second electronic valve, a third electronic valve, a fourth electronic valve, a fifth electronic valve, a sixth electronic valve and a seventh electronic valve; the vehicle control unit is in communication connection with the temperature sensor; the lithium power battery, the hydrogen fuel battery, the condenser and the liquid-cooling liquid-heating unit are connected with one another through transmission pipes; an electronic valve is mounted on the transmission pipe. Opening and closing of the electronic valve are controlled, temperature rising and lowering of the liquid cooling liquid heating unit are controlled, normal operation of the hydrogen fuel hybrid electric vehicle is ensured, the heat management cost is reduced, excessive energy consumption of the unit is avoided, and the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle is increased; the service lives of fuel cells and power cells are prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, and in particular to a thermal management coordinated control system for fuel cell electric vehicles. Background Art

[0002] The development of hydrogen fuel cell technology has driven the rapid development of hydrogen energy vehicles. Due to the power limitation of hydrogen fuel cells, the current mainstream technical direction is the electric-electric hybrid technology route of "fuel cell + lithium battery", that is, the fuel cell alone or together with the lithium battery provides continuous power, and when the vehicle starts, climbs and accelerates, the power battery assists in providing peak power. Hydrogen fuel cells have significant advantages such as environmental protection, high efficiency and sustainability. Hydrogen fuel cells only produce water and heat during operation, and do not emit harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which helps to protect the atmospheric environment. Secondly, its power generation efficiency is as high as 50%-60%, which is more than twice the efficiency of traditional engines, and hydrogen has a large combustion calorific value and high energy storage density. In addition, hydrogen as an energy source is sustainable and can be produced through renewable energy, which meets the requirements of sustainable development. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, buses and hybrid trains have entered actual operation, solving the problems of automobile exhaust pollution and energy security.

[0003] Due to the inconsistency in the operating temperatures of existing lithium-powered batteries and hydrogen fuel cells, their thermal management is more complicated than that of pure fuel cell vehicles and pure electric vehicles. Currently, two sets of liquid cooling and liquid heating devices are often used to manage their thermal performance. This leads to problems such as complex thermal management structure, increased costs, and large space occupied in the vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0004] With regard to the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management collaborative control system, comprising a liquid cooling and liquid heating unit, a vehicle controller, a valve controller, a temperature sensor, a condenser and an electronic valve;

[0007] The vehicle controller is communicatively connected with the valve controller; the valve controller is communicatively connected with the electronic valve; the electronic valve comprises a first electronic valve, a second electronic valve, a third electronic valve, a fourth electronic valve, a fifth electronic valve, a sixth electronic valve and a seventh electronic valve;

[0008] The vehicle controller is communicatively connected with the temperature sensor;

[0009] The output end of the first heating tube on the lithium power battery is connected to the input end of the second heating tube on the hydrogen fuel cell through the first heat transfer tube, and the first electronic valve is installed on the first heat transfer tube; the output end of the second heating tube on the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the heat input port of the liquid cooling and liquid heat unit through the second heat transfer tube, and the sixth electronic valve is installed on the second heat transfer tube; the heat output port of the liquid cooling and liquid heat unit is connected to the input end of the first heating tube on the lithium power battery through the third heat transfer tube, and the third electronic valve is installed on the third heat transfer tube;

[0010] The output end of the second condenser tube on the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the input end of the condenser through the first cold transmission tube, and the second electronic valve is installed on the first cold transmission tube; the output end of the condenser is connected to the input end of the first condenser tube on the lithium power battery through the second cold transmission tube; the output end of the condenser is connected to the cold input port of the liquid-cooling and liquid-heating unit through the third cold transmission tube; the seventh electronic valve is installed on the third cold transmission tube; the output end of the first condenser tube on the lithium power battery is connected to the cold input port of the liquid-cooling and liquid-heating unit through the fourth cold transmission tube; the fourth electronic valve is installed on the fourth cold transmission tube; the cold output port of the liquid-cooling and liquid-heating unit is connected to the input end of the second condenser tube on the hydrogen fuel cell through the fifth cold transmission tube, and the fifth electronic valve is installed on the fifth cold transmission tube.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor; the vehicle controller is communicatively connected to the first temperature sensor; and the vehicle controller is communicatively connected to the second temperature sensor.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the first temperature sensor is installed on the lithium power battery; the first temperature sensor is used to detect the real-time temperature of the lithium power battery.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the second temperature sensor is installed on the hydrogen fuel cell; the second temperature sensor is used to detect the real-time temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the first heating tube is wrapped and wound outside the lithium power battery.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the first condenser is wrapped and wound outside the lithium power battery.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the second condenser is wrapped and wound outside the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the second heating tube is wrapped and wound outside the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the outer walls of the first heating tube and the second heating tube are covered with a graphite insulation layer.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the outer walls of the first condenser tube and the second condenser tube are covered with a thermal insulation layer.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention unifies the thermal management system of hydrogen fuel hybrid vehicles into a system, and designs a collaborative thermal management strategy. The temperature of the fuel cell and the lithium battery is detected by the vehicle controller. According to the temperature and the requirements of the vehicle control strategy, the opening and closing of the electronic valve is controlled, and the temperature rise and fall of the liquid cooling and liquid heating unit are controlled to ensure the normal operation of the hydrogen fuel hybrid vehicle. The difficulty of designing the thermal management structure of hybrid vehicles is reduced, and the thermal management cost is reduced. The working time of the liquid cooling and liquid heating unit of the vehicle can be reduced, and the excessive energy consumption of the unit can be avoided, and the cruising range of the vehicle can be increased; the present invention can keep the fuel cell and the power lithium battery in a suitable working state, and extend the life of the fuel cell and the power battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A system block diagram of a thermal management cooperative control system for a fuel cell electric vehicle disclosed in an embodiment.

[0023] Figure 2 The present invention is a workflow diagram of a thermal management collaborative control system for a fuel cell electric vehicle disclosed in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense; for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a thermal management collaborative control strategy for a hydrogen fuel hybrid vehicle, which realizes the thermal management collaborative control of a fuel cell and a lithium battery through a set of liquid cooling and control systems.

[0027] See also Figure 1-2 , a fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management collaborative control system, including a liquid-cooled liquid-heat unit, a vehicle controller, a valve controller, a temperature sensor, a condenser and an electronic valve;

[0028] The vehicle controller is communicatively connected with the valve controller;

[0029] The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor;

[0030] The vehicle controller is in communication connection with the first temperature sensor, which is mounted on the lithium power battery; the first temperature sensor is used to detect the real-time temperature of the lithium power battery;

[0031] The vehicle controller is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell through a second temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor is installed on the hydrogen fuel cell; the second temperature sensor is used to detect the real-time temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell;

[0032] The valve controller is in communication connection with the electronic valve; the electronic valve comprises a first electronic valve, a second electronic valve, a third electronic valve, a fourth electronic valve, a fifth electronic valve, a sixth electronic valve and a seventh electronic valve;

[0033] The output end of the first heating tube on the lithium power battery is connected to the input end of the second heating tube on the hydrogen fuel cell through the first heat transfer tube, and the first electronic valve is installed on the first heat transfer tube;

[0034] The output end of the second heating tube on the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the heat input port of the liquid cooling and liquid heating unit through the second heat transfer tube, and the sixth electronic valve is installed on the second heat transfer tube;

[0035] The heat output port of the liquid cooling and liquid heating unit is connected to the input end of the first heating tube on the lithium power battery through the third heat transfer tube, and the third electronic valve is installed on the third heat transfer tube;

[0036] The output end of the second condenser tube on the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the input end of the condenser through the first cold transmission tube, and the second electronic valve is installed on the first cold transmission tube;

[0037] The output end of the condenser is connected to the input end of the first condenser tube on the lithium power battery through the second cold transmission tube;

[0038] The output end of the condenser is connected to the cold input port of the liquid-cooled and liquid-heated unit through the third cold transmission pipe; a seventh electronic valve is installed on the third cold transmission pipe;

[0039] The output end of the first condenser tube on the lithium power battery is connected to the cold input port of the liquid cooling and liquid heating unit through the fourth cold transmission tube; the fourth electronic valve is installed on the fourth cold transmission tube;

[0040] The cold output port of the liquid-cooled and liquid-heated unit is connected to the input end of the second condenser on the hydrogen fuel cell through the fifth cold transmission pipe, and a fifth electronic valve is installed on the fifth cold transmission pipe;

[0041] The first heating tube and the first condenser tube are both wrapped around the lithium power battery. The first heating tube and the first condenser tube are respectively used for liquid heating and liquid cooling of the lithium power battery, which facilitates the operation of the device, ensures safety, and facilitates the use of the device.

[0042] The second heating tube and the second condenser tube are both wrapped around the outside of the hydrogen fuel cell; the second heating tube and the second condenser tube are respectively used for liquid heating and liquid cooling of the hydrogen fuel cell, which facilitates the operation of the device, ensures safety, and facilitates the use of the device.

[0043] The outer walls of the first heating tube and the second heating tube are covered with a graphite insulation layer. The outer walls of the first condensing tube and the second condensing tube are covered with a heat preservation layer.

[0044] A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control method, the steps of which are as follows:

[0045] S1, the vehicle controller is cold-started, and the lithium power battery starts working first to drive the vehicle;

[0046] S2, the valve controller controls the first electronic valve, the third electronic valve, and the sixth electronic valve to open; the second electronic valve, the fourth electronic valve, the fifth electronic valve, and the seventh electronic valve to close; the liquid cooling and liquid heating unit is started, and the liquid heating heating mode is turned on; the condenser stops working; the first electronic valve, the third electronic valve, and the sixth electronic valve are opened to heat the power lithium battery and the fuel cell, and the second electronic valve, the fourth electronic valve, the fifth electronic valve, and the seventh electronic valve are closed to prevent the condenser from working and causing heat loss.

[0047] S3, the second temperature sensor detects the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell; when the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell is less than 0°C, the lithium power battery continues to work; when the temperature is greater than or equal to 0°C, the lithium power battery stops working and the hydrogen fuel cell starts working;

[0048] S4, the valve controller controls the first electronic valve, the third electronic valve, the sixth electronic valve, and the seventh electronic valve to be closed; the second electronic valve, the fourth electronic valve, and the fifth electronic valve to be opened; the liquid cooling and liquid heating unit stops working, and the condenser is turned on; the internal coolant is kept unobstructed to avoid energy consumption, and the coolant flows through the power lithium battery to keep it at a suitable temperature;

[0049] S5. When the vehicle accelerates to provide peak power, the power lithium battery and the hydrogen fuel cell are both turned on; the condenser is turned on; and the first temperature sensor detects the temperature of the lithium power battery;

[0050] 1) When the temperature of the lithium power battery is greater than or equal to 30°C, the seventh electronic valve is opened and the fourth electronic valve is closed; the cooling circuit does not pass through the power lithium battery to avoid its temperature being too high, which may cause safety risks;

[0051] 2) When the temperature of the lithium power battery is less than or equal to 20°C, the seventh electronic valve is closed and the fourth electronic valve is opened; the cooling circuit passes through the power lithium battery to prevent its temperature from being too low, which may cause safety risks;

[0052] 3) When the temperature of the lithium power battery is greater than 20°C and less than 30°C, the coolant flows through the power lithium battery to keep it at a suitable temperature.

[0053] S6. The second temperature sensor detects the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell. If the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell is greater than or equal to 90°C, the liquid cooling and liquid heating unit starts the liquid cooling mode; the cooling mode is turned on to cool the fuel cell to avoid affecting the operation of the fuel cell;

[0054] According to the technical solution, when the vehicle is cold started, the lithium power battery starts working first, drives the vehicle to run, starts the liquid cooling and liquid heating unit, turns on the heating mode, and opens the first electronic valve, the third electronic valve, and the sixth electronic valve at the same time to heat the power lithium battery and the fuel cell, and closes the second electronic valve, the fourth electronic valve, the fifth electronic valve, and the seventh electronic valve to prevent the condenser from working and causing heat loss. In this process, the second temperature sensor detects the temperature of the fuel cell. When the temperature of the fuel cell reaches the starting temperature, the fuel cell is started to work, and the lithium power battery is turned off.

[0055] When the fuel cell starts working, the heat it generates will cause the temperature of the fuel cell and the coolant to rise rapidly. In order to make it work at an appropriate temperature (60-90°C), maintain its power state, and extend its life, the liquid cooling and heating system needs to be closed at this time, and only the internal coolant is kept unobstructed to avoid energy consumption. The first electronic valve, the third electronic valve, the sixth electronic valve, and the seventh electronic valve are closed, and the second electronic valve, the fourth electronic valve, and the fifth electronic valve are opened. The heat is dissipated through the external condenser, and the coolant flows through the power lithium battery to keep it at an appropriate temperature (20-30°C). When the whole vehicle accelerates and the fuel cell cannot provide peak power, it can be started at any time to prevent the power lithium battery from working at low temperatures for a long time, shortening its life. During this process, the first temperature sensor detects the temperature of the power lithium battery. When its temperature exceeds the upper limit of the suitable temperature (30°C), the fourth electronic valve is closed and the seventh electronic valve is opened. The cooling circuit does not pass through the power lithium battery to avoid its temperature being too high and causing safety risks. When the temperature drops to the lower limit of the suitable temperature (20°C), the fourth valve is opened and the seventh valve is closed to keep the power lithium battery in a suitable working state.

[0056] When the fuel cell is working, if the temperature of the fuel cell exceeds the upper temperature limit (90°C), the liquid cooling and liquid heating system is started, and the cooling mode is turned on to cool the fuel cell to avoid affecting the operation of the fuel cell.

[0057] The present invention detects the temperature of the fuel cell and the lithium battery through the vehicle controller, controls the opening and closing of the electronic valve according to the temperature and the vehicle control strategy requirements, and controls the heating and cooling of the liquid-cooled and liquid-heated unit to ensure the normal operation of the hydrogen fuel hybrid vehicle.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0059] The present invention unifies the thermal management system of a hydrogen fuel hybrid vehicle into a system, and designs a collaborative thermal management strategy, thereby reducing the difficulty of designing the thermal management structure of the hybrid vehicle and reducing the thermal management cost.

[0060] The present invention can reduce the working time of the liquid cooling and liquid heating units of the whole vehicle, avoid excessive energy consumption of the units, and increase the cruising range of the whole vehicle; the present invention can keep the fuel cell and the power lithium battery in a suitable working state at all times, and extend the life of the fuel cell and the power battery.

[0061] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention, and any reference numerals in the claims should not be considered as limiting the claims involved.

[0062] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system, characterized in that: Includes liquid cooling and liquid heating unit, vehicle controller, valve controller, temperature sensor, condenser and electronic valve; The vehicle controller is communicatively connected with the valve controller; the valve controller is communicatively connected with the electronic valve; the electronic valve comprises a first electronic valve, a second electronic valve, a third electronic valve, a fourth electronic valve, a fifth electronic valve, a sixth electronic valve and a seventh electronic valve; The vehicle controller is communicatively connected with the temperature sensor; The output end of the first heating tube on the lithium power battery is connected to the input end of the second heating tube on the hydrogen fuel cell through the first heat transfer tube, and the first electronic valve is installed on the first heat transfer tube; the output end of the second heating tube on the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the heat input port of the liquid cooling and liquid heat unit through the second heat transfer tube, and the sixth electronic valve is installed on the second heat transfer tube; the heat output port of the liquid cooling and liquid heat unit is connected to the input end of the first heating tube on the lithium power battery through the third heat transfer tube, and the third electronic valve is installed on the third heat transfer tube; The output end of the second condenser tube on the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the input end of the condenser through the first cold transmission tube, and the second electronic valve is installed on the first cold transmission tube; the output end of the condenser is connected to the input end of the first condenser tube on the lithium power battery through the second cold transmission tube; the output end of the condenser is connected to the cold input port of the liquid-cooling and liquid-heating unit through the third cold transmission tube; the seventh electronic valve is installed on the third cold transmission tube; the output end of the first condenser tube on the lithium power battery is connected to the cold input port of the liquid-cooling and liquid-heating unit through the fourth cold transmission tube; the fourth electronic valve is installed on the fourth cold transmission tube; the cold output port of the liquid-cooling and liquid-heating unit is connected to the input end of the second condenser tube on the hydrogen fuel cell through the fifth cold transmission tube, and the fifth electronic valve is installed on the fifth cold transmission tube.

2. A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor; the vehicle controller is communicatively connected to the first temperature sensor; and the vehicle controller is communicatively connected to the second temperature sensor.

3. A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first temperature sensor is installed on the lithium power battery; the first temperature sensor is used to detect the real-time temperature of the lithium power battery.

4. A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second temperature sensor is installed on the hydrogen fuel cell; the second temperature sensor is used to detect the real-time temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell.

5. A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first heating tube is wrapped and wound outside the lithium power battery.

6. A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first condenser is wrapped and wound outside the lithium power battery.

7. A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second condenser is wrapped and wound outside the hydrogen fuel cell.

8. A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second heating tube is wrapped and wound outside the hydrogen fuel cell.

9. A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer walls of the first heating tube and the second heating tube are covered with a graphite insulation layer.

10. A fuel cell electric vehicle thermal management coordinated control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outer walls of the first condenser tube and the second condenser tube are covered with a thermal insulation layer.

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