A compound enzyme, liquid pig feed, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of pig feed technology, specifically to a compound enzyme, liquid-feed pig feed, its preparation method, and its application. The compound enzyme comprises the following components: xylanase 10,000–100,000 U / g, β-glucanase 1,000–20,000 U / g, β-mannanase 1,000–20,000 U / g, cellulase 500–10,000 U / g, pectinase 1,000–30,000 U / g, protease 5,000–30,000 U / g, amylase 1,000–20,000 U / g, and phytase 2,000–50,000 U / g. The compound enzyme has a specific and comprehensive enzyme spectrum. After enzymatic hydrolysis of liquid-feed pig feed of the mixed grain and meal type, it can improve the liquid feeding value of the mixed grain and meal diet, increase the utilization rate of nutrients in the feed, and improve the farming profit under the liquid feeding mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pig feed technology, and more specifically, to a compound enzyme, liquid pig feed, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The shortage of feed resources and the low conversion efficiency of animals have led to a bottleneck in the development of animal husbandry. The pig farming industry has entered an era of long cycles and declining profits, placing higher demands on cost control and making the industry more focused on cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Therefore, reducing the use of soybean meal and using diversified, unconventional diets, especially mixed grain and meal diets, is one of the effective measures to alleviate the current situation. The application of diversified raw materials requires a clear understanding of the raw materials, suitable processing methods, and feeding technology to maximize their nutritional value, thereby ensuring animal production performance and achieving the goals of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

[0003] Liquid feeding is a new feeding method that has attracted much attention in the industry in recent years. It can effectively reduce dust in pigpens, lower the incidence of respiratory diseases in pigs, increase feed intake, and is an effective way to use various by-products as feed ingredients. Considering the anti-nutritional factors and other factors that are not conducive to animal digestion in the diet of miscellaneous grains and meals, adding compound enzyme preparations with targeted enzyme profiles and using liquid feeding may be an effective way to maximize the value of this diet.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a compound enzyme, liquid feed for pigs, its preparation method and application. The compound enzyme has a comprehensive enzyme spectrum and can improve the liquid feeding value of mixed grain and meal feeds for pigs after enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0007] One aspect of the present invention relates to a complex enzyme comprising the following components:

[0008] Xylanase 10,000–100,000 U / g, β-glucanase 1,000–20,000 U / g, β-mannanase 1,000–20,000 U / g, cellulase 500–10,000 U / g, pectinase 1,000–30,000 U / g, protease 5,000–30,000 U / g, amylase 1,000–20,000 U / g, and phytase 2,000–50,000 U / g.

[0009] The compound enzyme is designed with a specific enzyme spectrum for liquid-fed pig feed of mixed grains and meals. The enzyme spectrum is comprehensive. After enzymatic hydrolysis of liquid-fed pig feed of mixed grains and meals, it can improve the liquid feeding value of mixed grain and meal diets, improve the utilization rate of nutrients in feed, increase the content of acid-soluble protein and reducing sugar, improve the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber, and improve the breeding profit under the liquid feeding mode.

[0010] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for preparing liquid pig feed, comprising the following steps:

[0011] The mixture containing the mixed grain and meal feed and the aforementioned compound enzyme is enzymatically hydrolyzed.

[0012] The method for preparing liquid pig feed involves adding specific compound enzymes to a mixed grain and meal feed for enzymatic hydrolysis, thereby increasing the content of available nutrients in the mixed grain and meal feed, improving the effectiveness of liquid feeding, providing favorable support for the reduction and substitution of soybean meal, and providing technical support for the rational use of mixed grains and meals.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention relates to liquid pig feed prepared by the aforementioned method for preparing liquid pig feed.

[0014] The liquid pig feed described above can increase the daily weight gain of pigs and reduce the feed conversion ratio. Compared with corn and soybean meal diets, it can increase the gross profit per pig.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for liquid feeding of pigs, wherein the liquid feed is fed to pigs.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] (1) The compound enzyme provided by the present invention has a specific enzyme spectrum designed for liquid-fed pig feed of mixed grains and meals. The enzyme spectrum is comprehensive. After enzymatic hydrolysis of liquid-fed pig feed of mixed grains and meals, it can improve the liquid feeding value of mixed grain and meal diet, improve the utilization rate of nutrients in feed, increase the content of acid-soluble protein and reducing sugar, improve the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber, and improve the breeding profit under the liquid feeding mode.

[0018] (2) The method for preparing liquid feed for pigs provided by the present invention is simple and easy to operate. Adding a certain amount of compound enzyme to the mixed grain and meal type feed and performing enzymatic hydrolysis under certain conditions can improve the content of available nutrients in the mixed grain and meal type feed, improve the effect of liquid feeding, provide favorable support for the reduction and substitution of soybean meal, and provide technical support for the rational use of mixed grain and meal.

[0019] (3) The liquid pig feed provided by the present invention is beneficial to improving the intestinal health of pigs, improving the structure of the intestinal flora of pigs, and improving the digestion and absorption efficiency of nutrients by pigs. After feeding piglets with an average weight of 27kg for 28 days, the daily weight gain was significantly improved and the feed conversion ratio was reduced to 2.0. Compared with corn and soybean meal diets, the gross profit per pig under the mixed grain and mixed meal plus enzyme liquid feeding mode can increase by 39.89 yuan. Compared with corn and soybean meal diets, it can increase the gross profit per pig. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 The present invention provides the expression levels of intestinal nutrient transporter mRNA in piglets after feeding different treated diets, wherein CAT1, B0AT1 and EAAC1 are three amino acid transporters, pept1 is a small peptide transporter, SGLT1 and GLUT2 are two glucose transporters, FATP1 is a lipid transporter, and DMT1 is a metal ion transporter.

[0022] Figure 2 The effect of different treated diets on the relative abundance of colonic microorganisms in piglets provided by this invention;

[0023] Figure 3 The effects of solid and liquid feeding methods with added compound enzymes provided by this invention on the microorganisms in the pig colon (comparison between G2 and G4 groups);

[0024] Figure 4 The effect of adding compound enzymes on the microorganisms in the pig colon under the liquid feeding mode provided by the present invention (comparison between G4 and G5 groups);

[0025] Figure 5 The effects of feeding corn and soybean meal-based solid diets and mixed grain and meal diets with added compound enzymes provided by the present invention on the microorganisms in the colon of pigs (comparison between G1 and G4 groups). Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall be followed. Where the manufacturers of reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0027] One aspect of the present invention relates to a complex enzyme comprising the following components:

[0028] Xylanase 10,000–100,000 U / g, β-glucanase 1,000–20,000 U / g, β-mannanase 1,000–20,000 U / g, cellulase 500–10,000 U / g, pectinase 1,000–30,000 U / g, protease 5,000–30,000 U / g, amylase 1,000–20,000 U / g, and phytase 2,000–50,000 U / g.

[0029] In some specific embodiments, the xylanase can be, for example, but not limited to, a point value or a range between any two of the following: 10000 U / g, 15000 U / g, 20000 U / g, 25000 U / g, 30000 U / g, 35000 U / g, 40000 U / g, 45000 U / g, 50000 U / g, 55000 U / g, 60000 U / g, 65000 U / g, 70000 U / g, 75000 U / g, 80000 U / g, 85000 U / g, 90000 U / g, 95000 U / g, or 100000 U / g.

[0030] In some specific embodiments, β-glucanase can be, for example, but not limited to, a point value or a range of any one of 1000 U / g, 3000 U / g, 5000 U / g, 8000 U / g, 10000 U / g, 13000 U / g, 15000 U / g, 18000 U / g, or 20000 U / g.

[0031] In some specific embodiments, β-mannanase can be, for example, but not limited to, a point value or a range of any one of 1000 U / g, 3000 U / g, 5000 U / g, 8000 U / g, 10000 U / g, 13000 U / g, 15000 U / g, 18000 U / g, or 20000 U / g.

[0032] In some specific embodiments, the cellulase can be, for example, but not limited to, a point value or a range of any one of 500 U / g, 1000 U / g, 2000 U / g, 3000 U / g, 4000 U / g, 5000 U / g, 6000 U / g, 7000 U / g, 8000 U / g, 9000 U / g, or 10000 U / g.

[0033] In some specific embodiments, the pectinase can be, for example, but not limited to, a point value or a range of any one of 1000 U / g, 3000 U / g, 5000 U / g, 8000 U / g, 10000 U / g, 13000 U / g, 15000 U / g, 18000 U / g, 20000 U / g, 23000 U / g, 25000 U / g, 28000 U / g, or 30000 U / g.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the protease can be, for example, but not limited to, a point value or a range of any one of 5000 U / g, 8000 U / g, 10000 U / g, 13000 U / g, 15000 U / g, 18000 U / g, 20000 U / g, 23000 U / g, 25000 U / g, 28000 U / g, or 30000 U / g.

[0035] In some specific embodiments, the amylase can be, for example, a point value or a range of any one of 1000 U / g, 3000 U / g, 5000 U / g, 8000 U / g, 10000 U / g, 13000 U / g, 15000 U / g, 18000 U / g or 20000 U / g, for example, but not limited to.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, phytase can be, for example, but not limited to, a point value or a range of any one of 2000 U / g, 5000 U / g, 8000 U / g, 10000 U / g, 13000 U / g, 15000 U / g, 18000 U / g, 20000 U / g, 23000 U / g, 25000 U / g, 28000 U / g, 30000 U / g, 33000 U / g, 35000 U / g, 38000 U / g, 40000 U / g, 43000 U / g, 45000 U / g, 48000 U / g, or 50000 U / g.

[0037] The aforementioned compound enzyme is designed with a specific enzyme spectrum for liquid-fed pig feed of mixed grains and meals. The enzyme spectrum is comprehensive and the ratio is reasonable. After enzymatic hydrolysis of liquid-fed pig feed of mixed grains and meals, it can improve the liquid feeding value of mixed grain and meal diets, improve the utilization rate of nutrients in feed, increase the content of acid-soluble protein and reducing sugar, improve the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber, and improve the breeding profit under the liquid feeding mode.

[0038] Furthermore, the complex enzyme comprises the following components:

[0039] Xylanase 20,000–80,000 U / g, β-glucanase 5,000–15,000 U / g, β-mannanase 5,000–15,000 U / g, cellulase 2,000–8,000 U / g, pectinase 5,000–25,000 U / g, protease 10,000–25,000 U / g, amylase 5,000–15,000 U / g, and phytase 5,000–45,000 U / g.

[0040] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for preparing liquid pig feed, comprising the following steps:

[0041] The mixture containing the mixed grain and meal feed and the aforementioned compound enzyme is enzymatically hydrolyzed.

[0042] The method for preparing liquid pig feed is simple and easy to operate. It involves adding specific compound enzymes to the mixed grain and meal feed for enzymatic hydrolysis, thereby increasing the content of available nutrients in the mixed grain and meal feed, improving the effect of liquid feeding, providing favorable support for the reduction and substitution of soybean meal, and providing technical support for the rational use of mixed grain and meal feed.

[0043] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the mixed grain and meal feed to the compound enzyme is 20kg:10-100g, including but not limited to 20kg:10g, 20kg:20g, 20kg:25g, 20kg:30g, 20kg:35g, 20kg:45g, 20kg:55g, 20kg:65g, 20kg:75g, 20kg:85g, 20kg:95g, or 20kg:100g. Adding a certain amount of compound enzyme to the mixed grain and meal feed can maximize the enzymatic hydrolysis effect of the compound enzyme and improve the utilization rate of nutrients in the mixed grain and meal feed.

[0044] Furthermore, the feed-to-water ratio of the mixture containing the aforementioned grain and meal feed and the compound enzyme is 1:2 to 4, including but not limited to 1:2, 1:3, or 1:4. A suitable feed-to-water ratio facilitates feed delivery within the liquid feeding equipment pipeline and forms the basis for the initial comprehensive selection of enzyme dosage and hydrolysis time, thus maximizing the hydrolysis effect. In addition, it also represents the approximate water intake required by pigs consuming dry feed, meeting their feed and water needs.

[0045] Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 35–45°C, including but not limited to point values ​​or ranges between any one of 35°C, 36°C, 37°C, 38°C, 39°C, 40°C, 41°C, 42°C, 43°C, 44°C, or 45°C. Based on the enzyme profile of the complex enzyme, this invention designs a reasonable enzymatic hydrolysis temperature. Enzymatic hydrolysis of miscellaneous grains and meals at this temperature can fully utilize the function of each enzyme in the complex enzyme, increasing the content of available nutrients in the feed for pigs fed aquaculture.

[0046] Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 4–8 hours, including but not limited to any one of 4 hours, 4.5 hours, 5 hours, 5.5 hours, 6 hours, 6.5 hours, 7 hours, 7.5 hours, or 8 hours, or a range between any two. The hydrolysis time can be adjusted adaptively based on the enzymatic hydrolysis effect of the mixed grain and meal feed.

[0047] The main raw materials of the mixed grain and mixed meal type feed mentioned in this invention include mixed grains (such as rice, wheat, barley, sorghum and other alternative grains) and mixed meals (such as peanut meal, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, sunflower seed meal and other grain processing by-products such as wheat bran, wheat middlings, rice bran, rice bran meal, corn germ meal and other grain processing by-products).

[0048] Furthermore, the coarse grain and meal type feed includes, but is not limited to: coarse grain and meal type complete feed.

[0049] Furthermore, the main raw materials of the complete feed of mixed grains and meals include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: corn, wheat, broken rice, rice bran meal, germ meal, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, cottonseed protein or DDGS.

[0050] Furthermore, the coarse grain and meal type feed includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: coarse grain and meal type, extreme brown rice type, extreme wheat type, or extreme barley type.

[0051] The formulation of complete feed of mixed grains and oilseed meals is shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1. Complete feed formula for piglets weighing 25-50kg (per ton)

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] DDGS stands for Dried Distillers' Grains and Soluble Products. It is a commercial name for distillers' grains protein feed, which is the product obtained after drying the residual liquid and residues left over from the fermentation of certain grains (such as corn, barley, wheat, sorghum, etc.) to produce ethanol (alcohol).

[0056] Another aspect of the present invention relates to liquid pig feed prepared by the aforementioned method for preparing liquid pig feed.

[0057] The liquid feed for pigs, when fed to piglets with an average weight of 27kg for 28 days, significantly improved daily weight gain and reduced the feed conversion ratio to 2.0. Compared to a corn and soybean meal diet, the gross profit per pig increased by 39.89 yuan under the mixed grain, mixed meal and enzyme liquid feeding mode.

[0058] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for liquid feeding of pigs, wherein the liquid feed is fed to pigs.

[0059] Assuming the amount of dry feed required by the pigs is X, feed each pen with 3.5X or 5X of liquid feed. Observe the piglets' feeding behavior and stop feeding when there is little residue left in the feed trough. The amount of 3.5X or 5X is determined based on the feed-to-water ratio.

[0060] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] The complex enzyme provided in this embodiment includes the following components:

[0063] Xylanase 10000U / g, β-glucanase 20000U / g, β-mannanase 1000U / g, cellulase 10000U / g, pectinase 1000U / g, protease 30000U / g, amylase 1000U / g, and phytase 50000U / g.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] The complex enzyme provided in this embodiment includes the following components:

[0066] Xylanase 100,000 U / g, β-glucanase 1,000 U / g, β-mannanase 20,000 U / g, cellulase 500 U / g, pectinase 30,000 U / g, protease 5,000 U / g, amylase 20,000 U / g, and phytase 2,000 U / g.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] The complex enzyme provided in this embodiment includes the following components:

[0069] Xylanase 80000 U / g, β-glucanase 5000 U / g, β-mannanase 5000 U / g, cellulase 2000 U / g, pectinase 5000 U / g, protease 25000 U / g, amylase 5000 U / g, and phytase 45000 U / g.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] The complex enzyme provided in this embodiment includes the following components:

[0072] Xylanase 20000 U / g, β-glucanase 15000 U / g, β-mannanase 15000 U / g, cellulase 8000 U / g, pectinase 25000 U / g, protease 10000 U / g, amylase 15000 U / g, and phytase 5000 U / g.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] The complex enzyme provided in this embodiment includes the following components:

[0075] Xylanase 50000 U / g, β-glucanase 10000 U / g, β-mannanase 10000 U / g, cellulase 5000 U / g, pectinase 15000 U / g, protease 15000 U / g, amylase 10000 U / g, and phytase 25000 U / g.

[0076] Example 6

[0077] The method for preparing liquid pig feed provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0078] (1) Before enzymatic hydrolysis, clean the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, paying particular attention to the area above the stirring shaft and inside the lid to prevent dirt and grime from accumulating and causing harmful bacteria to grow.

[0079] (2) Turn on the temperature control switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, set the inner temperature to 40℃ and the outer temperature to 41-42℃, and ensure that the inner temperature is not lower than 40℃. Add 30kg of clean tap water.

[0080] (3) Weigh 10kg of feed (mixed grain and meal type feed), weigh 15g of the compound enzyme from Example 1 and add it to the feed, mix evenly, turn on the stirring function switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, and then gradually add the mixture of feed and enzyme preparation to ensure that no loss occurs during the sample addition process.

[0081] (4) After 6 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, release the sample while stirring to ensure that the liquid feed does not separate into water and feed and to maintain the uniformity of the feed.

[0082] Example 7

[0083] The method for preparing liquid pig feed provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0084] (1) Same as Example 6;

[0085] (2) Turn on the temperature control switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, set the inner temperature to 40℃ and the outer temperature to 41-42℃, and ensure that the inner temperature is not lower than 40℃. Add 25kg of clean tap water.

[0086] (3) Weigh 10 kg of feed (mixed grain and meal type feed), weigh 10 g of the compound enzyme from Example 2 and add it to the feed, mix evenly, turn on the stirring function switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, and then gradually add the mixture of feed and enzyme preparation to ensure that no loss occurs during the sample addition process.

[0087] (4) After 6 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, release the sample while stirring to ensure that the liquid feed does not separate into water and feed and to maintain the uniformity of the feed.

[0088] Example 8

[0089] The method for preparing liquid pig feed provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0090] (1) Same as Example 6;

[0091] (2) Turn on the temperature control switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, set the inner temperature to 40℃ and the outer temperature to 41-42℃, and ensure that the inner temperature is not lower than 40℃. Add 30kg of clean tap water.

[0092] (3) Weigh 10 kg of feed (mixed grain and meal type feed), weigh 20 g of the compound enzyme from Example 3 and add it to the feed, mix evenly, turn on the stirring function switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, and then gradually add the mixture of feed and enzyme preparation to ensure that no loss occurs during the sample addition process.

[0093] (4) After 8 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, release the sample while stirring to ensure that the liquid feed does not separate into water and feed and to maintain the uniformity of the feed.

[0094] Example 9

[0095] The method for preparing liquid pig feed provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0096] (1) Same as Example 6;

[0097] (2) Turn on the temperature control switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, set the inner temperature to 40℃ and the outer temperature to 41-42℃, and ensure that the inner temperature is not lower than 40℃. Add 25kg of clean tap water.

[0098] (3) Weigh 10 kg of feed (extreme brown rice type feed), weigh 10 g of the compound enzyme from Example 4 and add it to the feed. Mix well, turn on the stirring function switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, and then gradually add the mixture of feed and enzyme preparation to ensure that no loss occurs during the sample addition process.

[0099] (4) After 6 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, release the sample while stirring to ensure that the liquid feed does not separate into water and feed and to maintain the uniformity of the feed.

[0100] Example 10

[0101] The method for preparing liquid pig feed provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0102] (1) Same as Example 6;

[0103] (2) Turn on the temperature control switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, set the inner temperature to 40℃ and the outer temperature to 41-42℃, and ensure that the inner temperature is not lower than 40℃. Add 25kg of clean tap water.

[0104] (3) Weigh 10 kg of feed (extreme barley type feed), weigh 10 g of the compound enzyme from Example 5 and add it to the feed. Mix well, turn on the stirring function switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, and then gradually add the mixture of feed and enzyme preparation to ensure that no loss occurs during the sample addition process.

[0105] (4) After 6 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, release the sample while stirring to ensure that the liquid feed does not separate into water and feed and to maintain the uniformity of the feed.

[0106] Example 11

[0107] The method for preparing liquid pig feed provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0108] (1) Same as Example 6;

[0109] (2) Turn on the temperature control switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, set the inner temperature to 40℃ and the outer temperature to 41-42℃, and ensure that the inner temperature is not lower than 40℃. Add 25kg of clean tap water.

[0110] (3) Weigh 10 kg of feed (extreme wheat type feed), weigh 10 g of the compound enzyme from Example 5 and add it to the feed. Mix well, turn on the stirring function switch of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank, and then gradually add the mixture of feed and enzyme preparation to ensure that no loss occurs during the sample addition process.

[0111] (4) After 6 hours of enzymatic hydrolysis, release the sample while stirring to ensure that the liquid feed does not separate into water and feed and to maintain the uniformity of the feed.

[0112] Comparative Example 1

[0113] This comparative complex enzyme includes the following components:

[0114] Xylanase 5000 U / g, β-glucanase 5000 U / g, β-mannanase 1000 U / g, cellulase 100 U / g, pectinase 500 U / g, protease 4000 U / g, amylase 30000 U / g, and phytase 1500 U / g.

[0115] The preparation method of liquid pig feed is the same as in Example 11.

[0116] Comparative Example 2

[0117] The only difference between this comparative example and the complex enzyme in Example 5 is that xylanase and β-mannanase were not added.

[0118] The preparation method of liquid pig feed is the same as in Example 11.

[0119] Comparative Example 3

[0120] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 11 is that the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 30°C.

[0121] Experimental Example 1

[0122] Two kg of each of the feeds prepared in Examples 6-11 were taken and tested together with solid feeds of the corresponding feed types. The viscosity, pH, crude protein, acid-soluble protein, starch, reducing sugar, crude fiber, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber content of the feeds were measured. The digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, acid-soluble protein, and starch was also measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0123] Table 2. Effects of different treatments on nutrient content and digestibility

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] Table 1 shows that, compared with different types of solid feeds, the addition of specialized enzymes to the same type of diet in liquid form can increase the content of crude protein and reducing sugar, reduce the content of crude fiber, and improve the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and acid-soluble protein. Among them, Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 used extreme wheat diets. Wheat contains a relatively high amount of insoluble dietary fiber such as xylan and mannan, which are anti-nutritional factors. Therefore, compared with Example 11, the comparative examples reduced the amount of enzymes suitable for wheat anti-nutritional factors and lowered the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature, resulting in a decrease in the degradation of the corresponding anti-nutritional factors and a lower nutritional value than Example 11.

[0127] Experiment Example 2

[0128] One hundred and eighty healthy piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) with an average weight of 27 kg were selected for the experiment. The piglets were divided into five treatments according to weight and sex: corn and soybean meal solid diet group (Group 1), mixed grain and meal solid diet + enzyme preparation group (Group 2), mixed grain and meal solid diet group (Group 3), mixed grain and meal liquid diet + enzyme preparation group (Group 4), and mixed grain and meal liquid diet group (Group 5). Each treatment had six replicates, with six piglets per replicate, and all replicates had the same sex ratio. Group 4 used the diet prepared in Example 7. Groups 2, 3, and 5 used the same feed formulation as Group 4. Group 2 used the compound enzyme from Example 2, with the same dosage as in Example 7. A three-day pre-feeding period was established to allow the piglets to acclimatize to the environment and diet. After the formal experiment began, each treatment piglet was fed its corresponding diet for 28 days. After the experiment, the growth performance, apparent digestibility of feed nutrients, and intestinal health indicators of the piglets were statistically analyzed. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0129] Table 3. Effects of different treatments on piglet growth, apparent digestibility of nutrients, and feed pH.

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] Table 3 shows that adding compound enzymes to a mixed grain and meal diet in liquid feeding mode significantly increases piglets' daily feed intake and daily weight gain, while reducing the feed conversion ratio. The combination of liquid feeding and compound enzymes makes the mixed grain and meal diet more effective than solid corn and soybean meal diets. Furthermore, the use of liquid feeding of mixed grains and meals with compound enzymes significantly improves the apparent digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and organic matter. The liquid feeding mode lowers the pH of the mixed grain and meal diet; the pH of the feed after liquid feeding with enzymes is 4.56, which is beneficial for the growth and development of piglets.

[0133] Figure 1The table shows the expression levels of nutrient transporter mRNAs in the pig intestine after feeding different diets. It can be seen that liquid feeding combined with compound enzymes can significantly increase the mRNA levels of EAAC1 (involved in amino acid transport), SGLT1 (involved in glucose transport), and FATP1 (involved in lipid transport). The increased expression of nutrient transporters may be one of the reasons for the improved apparent digestibility of nutrients.

[0134] Table 4. Villus height, crypt depth, and villus-crypt ratio in the jejunum and ileum of piglets after feeding different dietary treatments.

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] As shown in Table 4, compared to the treatment group without enzymes, the addition of compound enzymes, especially in liquid form, significantly increased the villus height and villus-to-cryptotropic ratio in the jejunum of piglets, and increased the villus-to-cryptotropic ratio in the ileum. This suggests that the use of liquid form of mixed grains and meals combined with compound enzymes is beneficial to the intestinal health of piglets, helps to increase the intestinal surface area, and improves the digestion and absorption of nutrients.

[0138] In each replicate of each group, one pig with a weight close to the average weight of that replicate was selected, and colonic digesta was collected for 16S sequencing. Figure 2 This is a categorical view of the colonic microbial structure of each group after treatment. Overall, the liquid feeding group had a higher content of lactic acid bacteria and a lower content of strictly anaerobic Clostridium perfringens.

[0139] Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The study compared the effects of liquid form on gut microbiota under the same enzyme addition conditions, the effects of enzyme addition or non-addition on gut microbiota under the same liquid form, and compared the gut microbiota of the liquid enzyme-added group with the corn and soybean meal diet group. Figure 3 It can be seen that, under the same enzyme addition conditions, the liquid form can increase the content of beneficial bacteria such as Weissella ilex, lactic acid bacteria, Barnesella spp. and Trichophyton spp., while decreasing the content of harmful bacteria such as Micrococcus occulta. Figure 4The results show that, under the same liquid form, the addition of compound enzymes can increase the content of Bacteroides and Vibrio butyricum, two beneficial bacteria involved in the digestion of dietary fiber, as well as polyacetic acid bacteria. Furthermore, the addition of compound enzymes reduces the content of harmful bacteria such as aminococci and Campylobacter, which may cause maldevelopment and diarrhea. Compared with the traditional high-quality corn-soybean meal group, the liquid-enzyme-treated group showed increased content of Bifidobacterium, Weissella, Vibrio butyricum, and Trichophyton, suggesting that this treatment is beneficial to the growth of probiotics. In addition, this treatment reduced the growth of harmful bacteria such as Streptococcus, Campylobacter, and Micrococcus. From the perspective of gut microbiota structure analysis, the liquid-enzyme-treated group of miscellaneous grains and meals is more conducive to the growth of probiotics, reduces harmful bacteria, and improves the structure of the intestinal microbiota.

[0140] Table 5. Short-chain fatty acid content in cecal and colonic digesta of piglets after feeding with different diet treatments.

[0141] project Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Cecal chyme acetic acid % 0.47±0.07 0.51±0.05 0.44±0.05 0.51±0.04 0.46±0.05 propionic acid % 0.22±0.03 0.23±0.05 0.20±0.04 0.21±0.03 0.24±0.03 butyric acid % <![CDATA[1.09±0.07 c ]]> <![CDATA[1.19±0.11 b ]]> <![CDATA[1.06±0.05 c ]]> <![CDATA[1.38±0.03 a ]]> <![CDATA[1.20±0.03 b ]]> Colonic chyme acetic acid % <![CDATA[0.47±0.05 bc ]]> <![CDATA[0.55±0.05 ab ]]> <![CDATA[0.45±0.06 c ]]> <![CDATA[0.57±0.03 a ]]> <![CDATA[0.53±0.11 ab ]]> Propionic acid % 0.22±0.04 0.21±0.04 0.22±0.06 0.20±0.05 0.24±0.03 butyric acid % <![CDATA[0.27±0.07 bc ]]> <![CDATA[0.35±0.06 a ]]> <![CDATA[0.23±0.02 c ]]> <![CDATA[0.38±0.03 a ]]> <![CDATA[0.33±0.03 ab ]]>

[0142] As shown in Table 5, the liquid feeding method of mixed grains and meals with the addition of compound enzymes can significantly increase the content of butyric acid in the cecal and colonic digesta and the content of acetic acid in the colonic digesta, indicating that this feeding method is beneficial to intestinal health.

[0143] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with specific embodiments, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; therefore, this means that all such substitutions and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention are included in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing liquid pig feed, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The mixture containing coarse grain and meal feed and compound enzymes is enzymatically hydrolyzed; The enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 35~45℃; The enzymatic hydrolysis time is 4-8 hours; The aforementioned complex enzyme is composed of the following components: Xylanase 10,000~100,000 U / g, β-glucanase 1,000~20,000 U / g, β-mannanase 1,000~20,000 U / g, cellulase 500~10,000 U / g, pectinase 1,000~30,000 U / g, protease 5,000~30,000 U / g, amylase 1,000~20,000 U / g, and phytase 2,000~50,000 U / g.

2. The method for preparing liquid pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The complex enzyme is composed of the following components: Xylanase 20,000~80,000 U / g, β-glucanase 5,000~15,000 U / g, β-mannanase 5,000~15,000 U / g, cellulase 2,000~8,000 U / g, pectinase 5,000~25,000 U / g, protease 10,000~25,000 U / g, amylase 5,000~15,000 U / g, and phytase 5,000~45,000 U / g.

3. The method for preparing liquid pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the mixed grain and meal feed to the compound enzyme is 20kg:10~100g.

4. The method for preparing liquid pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed-to-water ratio of the mixture containing the aforementioned miscellaneous grain and meal feed and the aforementioned compound enzyme is 1:2~4.

5. The method for preparing liquid pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse grain and meal type feed includes: coarse grain and meal type complete feed.

6. The method for preparing liquid pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main raw materials of the mixed grain and meal type feed include at least one of the following: corn, wheat, broken rice, rice bran meal, germ meal, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, cottonseed protein or DDGS.

7. Liquid pig feed prepared by the method for preparing liquid pig feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A method for liquid feeding of pigs, characterized in that, Feeding pigs the liquid pig feed as described in claim 7.

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