Fault detection method, device and equipment for electrolysis system and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault detection method, device and equipment for an electrolysis system and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps that a voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition of the electrolysis system is determined, and the current working condition at least comprises the temperature value of the electrolysis system; determining voltage parameter values of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition according to the voltage-current curve; comparing the reference values of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition with the voltage parameter values; whether the electrolysis system breaks down or not is determined according to the comparison result; and when it is determined that the electrolysis system breaks down, the abnormal voltage type and the fault type corresponding to the abnormal voltage type are determined according to the comparison result. By adopting the scheme provided by the invention, the abnormal voltage type can be determined, the fault type can be directly determined based on the abnormal voltage type, the fault does not need to be manually checked step by step, and the fault detection efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fault detection, and in particular to a fault detection method, device, equipment and storage medium for an electrolysis system. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the fault detection method for the hydrogen production electrolysis system can only determine whether the electrolysis system is faulty or failed as a whole, but cannot locate the specific problem inside the electrolysis system, and cannot accurately locate the system fault location. Manual elimination is required one by one, which leads to low fault detection efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide an electrolysis system fault detection method to improve fault detection efficiency has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a fault detection method, device, equipment and storage medium for an electrolysis system to improve fault detection efficiency.

[0005] The present application provides a fault detection method for an electrolysis system, comprising:

[0006] Determine a voltage-current curve corresponding to a current operating condition of the electrolysis system, wherein the current operating condition at least includes a temperature value of the electrolysis system;

[0007] Determine voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition according to the voltage-current curve;

[0008] Compare the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working conditions with the voltage parameter values;

[0009] Determine whether the electrolysis system fails according to the comparison result;

[0010] When it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system, the abnormal voltage type and the fault type corresponding to the abnormal voltage type are determined according to the comparison result.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the present application is that: according to the voltage-current curve under the current working condition, the voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages are obtained, and by comparing with the reference value, it is determined whether the electrolysis system has a fault and the corresponding fault type is determined. Since the abnormal voltage type can be determined, and the fault type can be directly determined based on the abnormal voltage type, there is no need to manually check the fault step by step, which improves the fault detection efficiency.

[0012] In one embodiment, determining the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current operating condition of the electrolysis system includes:

[0013] Obtain the voltage and current values ​​of the electrolysis system under the current working conditions;

[0014] According to the voltage value and the circuit value, a voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is obtained by fitting.

[0015] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the open-circuit voltage value, and the voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition are determined according to the voltage-current curve, including:

[0016] Determine the second-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition as the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage;

[0017] When the activation voltage is normal, the value after filtering out the first-order derivative of the activation voltage from the first-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is determined as the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage;

[0018] When the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal, the voltage value of the current working condition is determined to be the open circuit voltage value after filtering out the activation voltage value and the ohmic voltage value.

[0019] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, and comparing the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition with the voltage parameter value includes:

[0020] The second-order derivative value of the activation voltage is compared with a second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage;

[0021] Determining whether a fault occurs in the electrolysis system according to the comparison result includes:

[0022] When the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system.

[0023] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a first-order derivative value of an ohmic voltage, and comparing the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition with the voltage parameter includes:

[0024] When the activation voltage is normal, the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage is compared with the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage;

[0025] Determining whether a fault occurs in the electrolysis system according to the comparison result includes:

[0026] When the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to a second threshold, it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system.

[0027] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes an open circuit voltage value of an ohmic voltage, and comparing the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition with the voltage parameter includes:

[0028] When the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are both normal, compare the open circuit voltage value with the open circuit voltage reference value;

[0029] Determining whether a fault occurs in the electrolysis system according to the comparison result includes:

[0030] When the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system.

[0031] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, a first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage, and an open-circuit voltage value, and the determining of the abnormal voltage type and the fault type corresponding to the abnormal voltage type according to the comparison result includes:

[0032] When the comparison result is that the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined that the abnormal voltage type is the activation voltage, and the fault type is a catalyst layer fault;

[0033] When the comparison result is that the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to the second threshold, it is determined that the abnormal voltage type is ohmic voltage and the fault type is electrode fault;

[0034] When the comparison result is that the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that the abnormal voltage type is the open circuit voltage, and the fault type is a hydrogen pressure or oxygen pressure fault.

[0035] The present application also provides a fault detection device for an electrolysis system, comprising:

[0036] A first determination module is used to determine a voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition of the electrolysis system;

[0037] A second determination module is used to determine voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition according to the voltage-current curve;

[0038] A comparison module is used to compare the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working conditions with the voltage parameter values;

[0039] A third determination module is used to determine whether the electrolysis system fails according to the comparison result;

[0040] The fourth determination module is used to determine the abnormal voltage type and the fault type corresponding to the abnormal voltage type according to the comparison result when it is determined that the electrolysis system has a fault.

[0041] In one embodiment, the first determining module includes:

[0042] The acquisition submodule is used to obtain the voltage and current values ​​of the electrolysis system under the current working conditions;

[0043] The fitting submodule is used to fit the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition according to the voltage value and the circuit value.

[0044] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, a first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage, and an open circuit voltage value, and the second determination module includes:

[0045] A first determination submodule is used to determine that the second-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage;

[0046] The second determination submodule is used to determine, when the activation voltage is normal, that the value of the first-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition after filtering out the first-order derivative of the activation voltage is the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage;

[0047] The third determination submodule is used to determine that the voltage value of the current working condition after filtering out the activation voltage value and the ohmic voltage value is the open circuit voltage value when the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal.

[0048] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, and the comparison module includes:

[0049] A first comparison submodule, used for comparing the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage with a second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage;

[0050] The third determining module comprises:

[0051] The fourth determination submodule is used to determine that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system when the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

[0052] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a first-order derivative value of an ohmic voltage, and the comparison module includes:

[0053] A second comparison submodule is used to compare the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage with a first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage when the activation voltage is normal;

[0054] The third determining module comprises:

[0055] The fifth determination submodule is used to determine that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system when the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to a second threshold.

[0056] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes an open circuit voltage value of an ohmic voltage, and the comparison module includes:

[0057] A third comparison submodule is used to compare the open circuit voltage value with the open circuit voltage reference value when the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are both normal;

[0058] The third determining module comprises:

[0059] The sixth determination submodule is used to determine that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system when the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to a third threshold value.

[0060] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, a first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage, and an open circuit voltage value, and the fourth determination module includes:

[0061] a seventh determination submodule, for determining that the abnormal voltage type is the activation voltage and the fault type is a catalyst layer fault when the comparison result is that the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to the first threshold;

[0062] an eighth determination submodule, for determining that the abnormal voltage type is an ohmic voltage and the fault type is an electrode fault when the comparison result is that the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to a second threshold;

[0063] The ninth determination submodule is used to determine that the abnormal voltage type is the open circuit voltage and the fault type is the hydrogen pressure or oxygen pressure fault when the comparison result is that the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to the third threshold.

[0064] The present application also provides a fault detection device for an electrolysis system, comprising:

[0065] at least one processor; and,

[0066] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0067] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to implement the fault detection method of the electrolysis system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0068] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor corresponding to the fault detection device of the electrolysis system, the fault detection device of the electrolysis system can implement the fault detection method of the electrolysis system recorded in any of the above embodiments.

[0069] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by practicing the present application. The purpose and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0070] The technical solution of the present application is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation of the present application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0072] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a fault detection method for an electrolysis system in one embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Figure 2 A flowchart of establishing various voltage reference models in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of electrolysis system fault detection in one embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a fault detection device for an electrolysis system in one embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a fault detection device for an electrolysis system in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0078] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fault detection method for an electrolysis system in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the method can be implemented as the following steps S101-S105:

[0079] In step S101, a voltage-current curve corresponding to a current operating condition of the electrolysis system is determined, wherein the current operating condition at least includes a temperature value of the electrolysis system;

[0080] In step S102, voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition are determined according to the voltage-current curve;

[0081] In step S103, the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition are compared with the voltage parameter values;

[0082] In step S104, determining whether the electrolysis system fails according to the comparison result;

[0083] In step S105, when it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system, the abnormal voltage type and the fault type corresponding to the abnormal voltage type are determined according to the comparison result.

[0084] First, determine the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition of the electrolysis system, wherein the current working condition at least includes the temperature value of the electrolysis system. Specifically, since the standard curves of voltage-current under different working conditions are different, the voltage value and current value of the electrolysis system under the current working condition are obtained, wherein the current working condition at least includes the temperature value of the electrolysis system, and may also include parameters such as atmospheric pressure. Under the current working condition, the voltage value and current value of the electrolysis system are collected according to a preset period; then, according to the voltage value and circuit value, the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is fitted. For different types of water electrolysis hydrogen production systems, the components of the output voltage of the electrolyzer are closely related to the internal parameters of the electrolyzer, and the problem points of the electrolyzer can be locked by analyzing the voltage. The voltage of the electrolysis system consists of open circuit voltage, polarization voltage, concentration overvoltage, and ohmic voltage, wherein the open circuit voltage (Open Circuit Voltage, OCV): refers to the voltage difference when there is no current passing through the electrolysis system. Ohmic voltage (Ohmic Voltage): Ohmic voltage is the voltage drop caused by the resistance of the electrolysis load in the electrolysis system. According to Ohm's law, the voltage generated when current passes through a resistor is proportional to the current. The greater the resistance, the greater the voltage drop. Activation Voltage: The activation voltage is the additional energy required before the electrolytic reaction begins, which is used to overcome the reaction activation process at the electrode interface. The activation voltage usually refers to the voltage that exceeds the open circuit voltage that needs to be applied to the electrolytic system in order to start the electrolytic reaction. Concentration overvoltage refers to the phenomenon that in an electrochemical reaction, the concentration of a certain ion in the electrolyte solution exceeds its maximum solubility at equilibrium, resulting in an abnormal increase in voltage. Since the influence of concentration overvoltage is small, it is not considered for the time being. Therefore, the voltage of the electrolytic system is:

[0085] The voltage of the electrolysis system (U) = open circuit voltage (V oc )+Ohm voltage (V ohm )+Activation voltage (V act ).

[0086] For electrolysis systems, since there is a highly nonlinear relationship between current and voltage, curve fitting is often used to simulate the output current-voltage relationship of the electrolytic cell.

[0087] Secondly, the voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition are determined according to the voltage-current curve; since the theoretical formulas of each voltage component are as follows:

[0088] (1) Open circuit voltage formula of electrolysis system:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, V oc is the open circuit voltage; E0 is the basic voltage of the electrolysis reaction under thermal equilibrium; R is the gas constant; T represents the working temperature of the alkaline water electrolyzer; F is the Faraday constant; is the activity of water; and are the hydrogen pressure and oxygen pressure respectively.

[0091] (2) Activation voltage formula of electrolysis system:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, V act is the activation voltage; i is the current density; R is the gas constant; T represents the working temperature of the alkaline water electrolyzer; F is the Faraday constant; α an and α cat Respectively represent the charge transfer coefficients of the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell; i an,0 and i cat,0 are the exchange current densities at the anode and cathode, respectively.

[0094] (3) Ohm voltage formula of electrolysis system (taking PEM electrolysis hydrogen production as an example):

[0095] V ohm =(2R BP +2R GDL +2R CL +R in )iA,

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] Where R BP , R GDL , R CL , R in are the equivalent internal resistances of the electrode layer, gas diffusion layer, catalyst layer, and exchange membrane respectively; i is the current current density; A represents the electrode surface area; δ PEM is the exchange membrane thickness; σ PEMis the resistivity of the exchange membrane; λ is the water content of the exchange membrane; T represents the working temperature of the alkaline water electrolyzer.

[0099] From the above theoretical formula, we can see that the open circuit voltage is related to the hydrogen pressure and the oxygen pressure. Therefore, the open circuit voltage can be used to diagnose whether the hydrogen pressure and the oxygen pressure are faulty. Similarly, the activation voltage can be used to diagnose whether the membrane electrode catalyst performance and the catalyst coating are faulty; the ohmic voltage can be used to diagnose whether the electrode surface corrosion, membrane surface humidity and aging are faulty.

[0100] For the above theoretical formula, R and F in the open circuit voltage formula are constants, which are 96485 (J / molK) and 78624 (C / mol), respectively. The value of E0 related to temperature is: is the activity of water, which is usually set to 1, but the specific value depends on the liquid state. Therefore, this application fits this value. an,0 and i cat,0 Represents the exchange current density of the anode and cathode respectively, which is related to the catalyst characteristics. It is difficult to obtain under actual conditions and needs to be fitted. In the ohm voltage formula, the main fitting is R BP , R GDL , R CL , R in , where R BP +R GDL +R CL Can be fitted as a whole.

[0101] Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition through the current voltage-current curve. Specifically, the second-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is determined to be the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage; since the corresponding derivative is 0 after the second-order derivative of the current in the open circuit voltage and ohm voltage formula, and the activation voltage is a non-zero term. Therefore, the function corresponding to the voltage-current curve (U / I curve) can be obtained by calculating the second-order derivative of the current, and the obtained curve is the second-order derivative curve of the activation voltage, and then the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage can be determined. When the activation voltage is normal, the value of the first-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition after filtering the first-order derivative of the activation voltage is determined to be the first-order derivative value of the ohm voltage. Specifically, when the activation voltage is normal, a specific activation voltage formula can be fitted to obtain the first-order derivative of the activation voltage. By filtering the first-order derivative of the activation voltage after calculating the first-order derivative of the U / I curve, the first-order derivative value of the ohm voltage is obtained. It is understandable that, when the activation voltage is normal, it means that the error value between the current activation voltage and the reference value is within the preset range. Therefore, the first-order derivative value of the corresponding activation voltage can also be approximately determined by the reference model of the activation voltage under the current working condition. When the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal, the value after filtering the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage from the voltage value of the current working condition is determined to be the open circuit voltage value. Similarly, when the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal, the activation voltage formula and the ohmic voltage formula can be obtained by fitting, and then the value after filtering the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage from the voltage value of the current working condition is the open circuit voltage value. It is understandable that, when the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are both normal, it means that the error value between the current activation voltage and the ohmic voltage and the corresponding reference value is within the preset range. Therefore, the first-order derivative value of the corresponding activation voltage can also be approximately determined by the reference model of the activation voltage and the reference model of the ohmic voltage under the current working condition.

[0102] Then, the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working conditions are compared with the voltage parameter values. Among them, the reference values ​​of various voltages can be determined by preliminary experiments or calculated according to the reference model. In the present application, it is calculated by the reference model, wherein the reference model is fitted in the following manner: collecting multiple working condition parameters of the electrolysis system under different working conditions, wherein the working condition parameters include temperature, flow rate, pressure, etc.; under different working conditions, by collecting the corresponding voltage and current, the corresponding voltage-current curve, i.e., the U / I curve, is obtained; the first-order derivative and the second-order derivative of the U / I curve are calculated; since the corresponding derivative of the open circuit voltage and ohmic voltage formula after the second-order derivative of the current is 0, and the activation voltage is a non-zero term, therefore, the curve obtained after determining the second-order derivative of the voltage-current curve to the current is the second-order derivative curve of the activation voltage; the coefficients of the activation voltage formula are obtained by fitting the U / I curve and the second-order derivative curve of the activation voltage, and then the activation voltage reference model is established. Further, the first-order derivative of the activation voltage is calculated; after calculating the first-order derivative of the U / I curve, the first-order derivative of the activation voltage is filtered out to obtain the first-order derivative curve of the ohmic voltage; the ohmic voltage formula coefficient is calculated by fitting the U / I curve and the first-order derivative curve of the ohmic voltage, and an ohmic voltage reference model is established. Finally, after filtering the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage through the U / I curve, the open circuit voltage curve is obtained, and the open circuit voltage formula coefficient is obtained by fitting the open circuit voltage curve to obtain the reference model of the open circuit voltage. Specifically, the open circuit voltage reference model, the activation voltage reference model and the ohmic voltage reference model under different working conditions can be obtained through experiments and data fitting.

[0103] When fault detection is performed, the voltage and current under the current working condition are collected, and the U / I curve under the current working condition and the corresponding first-order derivative and second-order derivative are obtained, so that the real-time collection values ​​of each voltage component and the corresponding derivative can be obtained, wherein the collection values ​​include the open circuit voltage value, the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage, and the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage. Then, according to the current current and the corresponding working condition, the reference value of each voltage component is extracted through the reference model, wherein the reference value includes the open circuit voltage reference value, the reference value of the first-order derivative of the ohmic voltage, and the reference value of the second-order derivative of the activation voltage. The above reference values ​​are compared with the corresponding collection values ​​respectively. When it is detected that the difference between the collection value of each voltage component and the reference value exceeds the set threshold, the corresponding fault direction of the system can be determined.

[0104] Determine whether the electrolysis system has a fault based on the comparison result. Specifically, compare the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage with the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage; when the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to the first threshold, determine that the electrolysis system has a fault; when the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is less than the first threshold, determine that the activation voltage is normal. When the activation voltage is normal, compare the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage with the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage; when the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to the second threshold, determine that the electrolysis system has a fault; when the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is less than the second threshold, determine that the ohmic system is normal. When both the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal, the open circuit voltage value is compared with the open circuit voltage reference value; when the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to the third threshold value, it is determined that a fault has occurred in the electrolysis system; when the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is less than the third threshold value, it is determined that no fault has occurred in the electrolysis system.

[0105] Further, when it is determined that the electrolysis system has a fault, the type of abnormal voltage and the type of fault corresponding to the abnormal voltage type are determined according to the comparison result. When the comparison result is that the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the abnormal voltage type is determined to be the activation voltage, and the fault type is a catalyst layer fault; when the comparison result is that the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the abnormal voltage type is determined to be the ohmic voltage, and the fault type is an electrode fault; when the comparison result is that the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to the third threshold, the abnormal voltage type is determined to be the open circuit voltage, and the fault type is a hydrogen pressure or oxygen pressure fault.

[0106] Finally, when a fault occurs in the electrolysis system, the corresponding faulty equipment information and the fault type are sent to the preset terminal.

[0107] The following is a specific example to illustrate this application scheme:

[0108] Figure 2A flowchart for establishing various voltage reference models in an embodiment of the present application. Taking the PEM electrolysis system as an example, first, by screening and classifying the detection data, the U / I curve of the electrolysis system under different working conditions is obtained; secondly, the first-order derivative and the second-order derivative of the U / I curve are calculated respectively, and based on the calculated first-order and second-order derivatives, the coefficients of the activation voltage formula are fitted and calculated to establish an activation voltage model; based on the calculated first-order derivative, the coefficients of the ohmic voltage formula are fitted and calculated after filtering the activation voltage, and an ohmic voltage model is established; the open circuit voltage model is obtained by filtering the activation voltage and fitting the ohmic voltage component. Furthermore, the open circuit voltage reference model Voc_base(i), the ohmic voltage reference model Vohm_base(i), and the activation voltage reference model Vact_base(i) under different working conditions are obtained through experiments and data fitting.

[0109] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of electrolysis system fault detection in one embodiment of the present application. By collecting data such as voltage, current, temperature, etc., the U / I curve under the current working conditions and the corresponding first-order derivatives and second-order derivatives are obtained. The deviations between the voltage parameters of various voltages are calculated and compared based on the various-order derivatives of the benchmark model and the actual sampling curve. By setting the open circuit voltage, the first-order derivative of the ohmic voltage, and the second-order derivative of the activation voltage thresholds, when it is detected that each voltage component exceeds the set threshold, the failure or fault direction can be preliminarily determined, wherein the activation voltage diagnoses the membrane electrode catalyst performance and catalyst coating, the open circuit voltage diagnoses the hydrogen and oxygen pressures, and the ohmic voltage diagnoses the electrode surface corrosion, membrane surface humidity and aging.

[0110] Taking the PEM electrolysis system as an example, the actual electrolysis system U / I curve Vcell(i) is recorded. When the system runs to the current density I condition, the current voltage value Vcell(I), the first-order derivative Vcell′(I) and the second-order derivative Vcell″(I) are extracted. At the same time, the reference values ​​Voc_base(I), Vohm_base′(I) and Vact_base″(I) of each voltage component are calculated. The thresholds are set in advance, and the second-order derivative threshold of the activation voltage Δact_lim is used as the first threshold, the first-order derivative threshold of the ohmic voltage Δohm_lim is used as the second threshold, and the open circuit voltage threshold Δoc_lim is used as the third threshold.

[0111] First, the activation voltage is detected. Specifically, since the second-order derivative of the actual voltage is the second-order derivative corresponding to the activation voltage, the second-order derivative value of the actual voltage is subtracted from the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage reference model to obtain a first difference Vcell″(I)-Vact_base″(I). Check whether the first difference exceeds the first threshold Δact_lim. When the first difference is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it means that the activation voltage detection has failed, and the corresponding fault direction can be determined as a failure of the membrane electrode catalyst performance and the catalyst coating. When the first difference is less than the first threshold, the ohmic voltage continues to be detected.

[0112] When the ohmic voltage is detected, the first-order derivative of the activation voltage is subtracted from the first-order derivative of the actual voltage to obtain the first-order derivative of the ohmic voltage, and then the first-order derivative of the ohmic voltage is subtracted from the first-order derivative of the ohmic voltage reference model to obtain the second difference Vcell′(I)-Vact base ′(I)-Vohm_base′(I). Detect whether the second difference exceeds the second threshold Δohm_lim. When the second difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold, it means that the ohmic voltage detection has not passed, and it is judged that the electrode system has failed. It is concluded that it is recommended to check the electrode plate and exchange membrane corrosion of the hydrogen production system and the humidity of the exchange membrane to provide a reference for quickly locating the failure site. When the second difference is less than the second threshold, continue to detect the open circuit voltage.

[0113] When the ohmic voltage is detected, the open circuit voltage is obtained by subtracting the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage from the actual voltage. Then, the open circuit voltage value is subtracted from the reference value obtained by the open circuit voltage reference model to obtain the third difference Vcell(I)-Vohm base(I) -Vact_base(I). Detect whether the third difference exceeds the third threshold value Δoc_lim. When the third difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold value, it indicates that the open circuit voltage detection fails, and it is determined that the hydrogen pressure and the oxygen pressure are faulty.

[0114] The beneficial effect of the present application is that: according to the voltage-current curve under the current working condition, the voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages are obtained, and by comparing with the reference value, it is determined whether the electrolysis system has a fault and the corresponding fault type is determined. Since the abnormal voltage type can be determined, and the fault type can be directly determined based on the abnormal voltage type, there is no need to manually check the fault step by step, which improves the fault detection efficiency.

[0115] In one embodiment, the above step S101 may be implemented as the following steps A1-A2:

[0116] In step A1, the voltage value and current value of the electrolysis system under the current working condition are obtained;

[0117] In step A2, a voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is obtained by fitting according to the voltage value and the circuit value.

[0118] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage, and the open circuit voltage value. The above step S102 can be implemented as the following steps B1-B3:

[0119] In step B1, the second-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is determined as the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage;

[0120] In step B2, when the activation voltage is normal, the value obtained by filtering out the first-order derivative of the activation voltage from the first-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is determined to be the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage;

[0121] In step B3, when the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal, the voltage value of the current working condition after filtering out the activation voltage value and the ohmic voltage value is determined as the open circuit voltage value.

[0122] In this embodiment, the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the open-circuit voltage value under the current working condition are determined according to the collected voltage-current curve.

[0123] First, the second-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is determined as the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage; since the corresponding derivative of the second-order derivative of the current in the open circuit voltage and ohmic voltage formula is 0, and the activation voltage is a non-zero term. Therefore, the function corresponding to the voltage-current curve (U / I curve) can be calculated by taking the second-order derivative of the current, and the resulting curve is the second-order derivative curve of the activation voltage, and then the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage can be determined.

[0124] Then, when the activation voltage is normal, the value of the first-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition after filtering out the first-order derivative of the activation voltage is determined to be the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage. Specifically, when the activation voltage is normal, a specific activation voltage formula can be fitted to obtain the first-order derivative of the activation voltage. After calculating the first-order derivative of the U / I curve, the first-order derivative of the activation voltage is filtered out to obtain the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage. It can be understood that when the activation voltage is normal, it means that the error value between the current activation voltage and the reference value is within the preset range. Therefore, the corresponding first-order derivative value of the activation voltage can also be approximately determined by the reference model of the activation voltage under the current working condition.

[0125] Finally, when the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal, the value after filtering out the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage from the voltage value of the current working condition is determined as the open circuit voltage value. Similarly, when the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal, the activation voltage formula and the ohmic voltage formula can be obtained by fitting, and then the value after filtering out the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage from the voltage value of the current working condition is the open circuit voltage value. It can be understood that when both the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal, it means that the error values ​​of the current activation voltage and the ohmic voltage and the corresponding reference values ​​are within the preset range. Therefore, the first-order derivative value of the corresponding activation voltage can also be approximately determined by the reference model of the activation voltage and the reference model of the ohmic voltage under the current working condition.

[0126] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, and the above step S103 can be implemented as the following step C1:

[0127] In step C1, the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage is compared with a second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage;

[0128] The above step S104 can be implemented as the following step C2:

[0129] In step C2, when the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to a first threshold, it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system.

[0130] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a first-order derivative value of an ohmic voltage, and the above step S103 can be implemented as the following step D1:

[0131] In step D1, when the activation voltage is normal, the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage is compared with the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage;

[0132] The above step S104 can be implemented as the following step D2:

[0133] In step D2, when the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to a second threshold, it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system.

[0134] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes an open circuit voltage value of an ohmic voltage, and the above step S103 can be implemented as the following step E1:

[0135] In step E1, when the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are both normal, the open circuit voltage value is compared with the open circuit voltage reference value;

[0136] The above step S104 can be implemented as the following step E2:

[0137] In step E2, when the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to a third threshold, it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system.

[0138] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage, and the open circuit voltage value. The above step S103 can be implemented as the following steps F1-F3:

[0139] In step F1, when the comparison result is that the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined that the abnormal voltage type is the activation voltage, and the fault type is a catalyst layer fault;

[0140] In step F2, when the comparison result is that the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to the second threshold, it is determined that the abnormal voltage type is the ohmic voltage and the fault type is the electrode fault;

[0141] In step F3, when the comparison result is that the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that the abnormal voltage type is the open circuit voltage, and the fault type is a hydrogen pressure or oxygen pressure fault.

[0142] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fault detection device for an electrolysis system in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the device comprises:

[0143] The first determination module 401 is used to determine the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition of the electrolysis system;

[0144] A second determination module 402 is used to determine voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition according to the voltage-current curve;

[0145] The comparison module 403 is used to compare the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition with the voltage parameter values;

[0146] A third determination module 404 is used to determine whether the electrolysis system fails according to the comparison result;

[0147] The fourth determination module 405 is used to determine the abnormal voltage type and the fault type corresponding to the abnormal voltage type according to the comparison result when it is determined that the electrolysis system has a fault.

[0148] In one embodiment, the first determining module includes:

[0149] The acquisition submodule is used to obtain the voltage and current values ​​of the electrolysis system under the current working conditions;

[0150] The fitting submodule is used to fit the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition according to the voltage value and the circuit value.

[0151] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, a first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage, and an open circuit voltage value, and the second determination module includes:

[0152] A first determination submodule is used to determine that the second-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage;

[0153] The second determination submodule is used to determine, when the activation voltage is normal, that the value of the first-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition after filtering out the first-order derivative of the activation voltage is the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage;

[0154] The third determination submodule is used to determine that the voltage value of the current working condition after filtering out the activation voltage value and the ohmic voltage value is the open circuit voltage value when the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal.

[0155] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, and the comparison module includes:

[0156] A first comparison submodule, used for comparing the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage with a second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage;

[0157] The third determining module comprises:

[0158] The fourth determination submodule is used to determine that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system when the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

[0159] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a first-order derivative value of an ohmic voltage, and the comparison module includes:

[0160] A second comparison submodule is used to compare the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage with a first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage when the activation voltage is normal;

[0161] The third determining module comprises:

[0162] The fifth determination submodule is used to determine that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system when the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to a second threshold.

[0163] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes an open circuit voltage value of an ohmic voltage, and the comparison module includes:

[0164] A third comparison submodule is used to compare the open circuit voltage value with the open circuit voltage reference value when the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are both normal;

[0165] The third determining module comprises:

[0166] The sixth determination submodule is used to determine that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system when the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to a third threshold value.

[0167] In one embodiment, the voltage parameter value includes a second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, a first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage, and an open circuit voltage value, and the fourth determination module includes:

[0168] a seventh determination submodule, for determining that the abnormal voltage type is the activation voltage and the fault type is a catalyst layer fault when the comparison result is that the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to the first threshold;

[0169] an eighth determination submodule, for determining that the abnormal voltage type is an ohmic voltage and the fault type is an electrode fault when the comparison result is that the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to a second threshold;

[0170] The ninth determination submodule is used to determine that the abnormal voltage type is the open circuit voltage and the fault type is the hydrogen pressure or oxygen pressure fault when the comparison result is that the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to the third threshold.

[0171] The present application also provides a fault detection device for an electrolysis system, comprising:

[0172] at least one processor; and,

[0173] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0174] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to implement the fault detection method of the electrolysis system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0175] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a fault detection device for an electrolysis system in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the fault detection device of the electrolysis system comprises:

[0176] at least one processor 520; and,

[0177] A memory 504 in communication with the at least one processor 520; wherein,

[0178] The memory 504 stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor 520, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor 520 to implement the fault detection method of the electrolysis system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0179] Reference Figure 5 The electrolysis system fault detection device 500 may include one or more of the following components: a processing component 502, a memory 504, a power component 506, a multimedia component 508, an audio component 510, an input / output (I / O) interface 512, a sensor component 514, and a communication component 516.

[0180] The processing component 502 generally controls the overall operation of the electrolysis system fault detection device 500. The processing component 502 may include one or more processors 520 to execute instructions to complete all or part of the steps of the above method. In addition, the processing component 502 may include one or more modules to facilitate the interaction between the processing component 502 and other components. For example, the processing component 502 may include a multimedia module to facilitate the interaction between the multimedia component 508 and the processing component 502.

[0181] The memory 504 is configured to store various types of data to support the operation of the electrolysis system fault detection device 500. Examples of such data include instructions for any application or method operating on the electrolysis system fault detection device 500, such as text, pictures, videos, etc. The memory 504 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0182] The power supply assembly 506 provides power to various components of the electrolysis system fault detection device 500. The power supply assembly 506 may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to the onboard control system 500.

[0183] The multimedia component 508 includes a screen providing an output interface between the fault detection device 500 of the electrolysis system and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touch, slide, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may not only sense the boundaries of the touch or slide action, but also detect the duration and pressure associated with the touch or slide operation. In some embodiments, the multimedia component 508 may also include a front camera and / or a rear camera. When the fault detection device 500 of the electrolysis system is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front camera and / or the rear camera may receive external multimedia data. Each front camera and the rear camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have a focal length and optical zoom capability.

[0184] The audio component 510 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component 510 includes a microphone (MIC), and when the fault detection device 500 of the electrolysis system is in an operation mode, such as an alarm mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, and a voice output mode, the microphone is configured to receive an external audio signal. The received audio signal can be further stored in the memory 504 or sent via the communication component 516. In some embodiments, the audio component 510 also includes a speaker for outputting an audio signal.

[0185] I / O interface 512 provides an interface between processing component 502 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include but are not limited to: a home button, a volume button, a start button, and a lock button.

[0186] The sensor assembly 514 includes one or more sensors for providing various aspects of status assessment for the electrolysis system fault detection device 500. For example, the sensor assembly 514 may include a sound sensor. In addition, the sensor assembly 514 may detect the open / closed state of the electrolysis system fault detection device 500, the relative positioning of components, such as the display and keypad of the electrolysis system fault detection device 500, and the sensor assembly 514 may also detect the operating state of the electrolysis system fault detection device 500 or a component of the electrolysis system fault detection device 500, such as the operating state of the air distribution plate, the structural state, the operating state of the discharge scraper, etc., the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of the electrolysis system fault detection device 500 and the temperature change of the electrolysis system fault detection device 500. The sensor assembly 514 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of a nearby object without any physical contact. The sensor assembly 514 may also include an optical sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, the sensor assembly 514 may also include an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor, a material stack thickness sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0187] The communication component 516 is configured to enable the fault detection device 500 of the electrolysis system to provide the ability to communicate with other devices and cloud platforms in a wired or wireless manner. The fault detection device 500 of the electrolysis system can access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as WiFi, 2G or 3G, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 516 receives a broadcast signal or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 516 also includes a near field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module can be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology and other technologies.

[0188] In an exemplary embodiment, the fault detection device 500 of the electrolysis system can be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components to execute the fault detection method of the electrolysis system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0189] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor corresponding to the fault detection device of the electrolysis system, the fault detection device of the electrolysis system can implement the fault detection method of the electrolysis system recorded in any of the above embodiments.

[0190] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0191] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0192] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0193] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0194] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A fault detection method for an electrolysis system, characterized in that: include: Determine a voltage-current curve corresponding to a current operating condition of the electrolysis system, wherein the current operating condition at least includes a temperature value of the electrolysis system; Determine voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition according to the voltage-current curve; Compare the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working conditions with the voltage parameter values; Determine whether the electrolysis system fails according to the comparison result; When it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system, the abnormal voltage type and the fault type corresponding to the abnormal voltage type are determined according to the comparison result.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining a voltage-current curve corresponding to the current operating condition of the electrolysis system includes: Obtain the voltage and current values ​​of the electrolysis system under the current working conditions; According to the voltage value and the circuit value, a voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is obtained by fitting.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The voltage parameter values ​​include the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the open-circuit voltage value. The voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition are determined according to the voltage-current curve, including: Determine the second-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition as the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage; When the activation voltage is normal, the value after filtering out the first-order derivative of the activation voltage from the first-order derivative of the voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition is determined as the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage; When the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are normal, the voltage value of the current working condition is determined to be the open circuit voltage value after filtering out the activation voltage value and the ohmic voltage value.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The voltage parameter value includes a second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, and the comparison of the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition with the voltage parameter value includes: The second-order derivative value of the activation voltage is compared with a second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage; Determining whether a fault occurs in the electrolysis system according to the comparison result includes: When the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The voltage parameter value includes a first-order derivative value of an ohmic voltage, and comparing the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition with the voltage parameter includes: When the activation voltage is normal, the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage is compared with the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage; Determining whether a fault occurs in the electrolysis system according to the comparison result includes: When the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to a second threshold, it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The voltage parameter value includes the open circuit voltage value of the ohmic voltage, and the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition are compared with the voltage parameters, including: When the activation voltage and the ohmic voltage are both normal, compare the open circuit voltage value with the open circuit voltage reference value; Determining whether a fault occurs in the electrolysis system according to the comparison result includes: When the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that a fault occurs in the electrolysis system.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The voltage parameter value includes the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage, the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the open-circuit voltage value. The abnormal voltage type and the fault type corresponding to the abnormal voltage type are determined according to the comparison result, including: When the comparison result is that the difference between the second-order derivative value of the activation voltage and the second-order derivative reference value of the activation voltage is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined that the abnormal voltage type is the activation voltage, and the fault type is a catalyst layer fault; When the comparison result is that the difference between the first-order derivative value of the ohmic voltage and the first-order derivative reference value of the ohmic voltage is greater than or equal to the second threshold, it is determined that the abnormal voltage type is ohmic voltage and the fault type is electrode fault; When the comparison result is that the difference between the open circuit voltage value and the open circuit voltage reference value is greater than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that the abnormal voltage type is the open circuit voltage, and the fault type is a hydrogen pressure or oxygen pressure fault.

8. A fault detection device for an electrolysis system, characterized in that: include: A first determination module is used to determine a voltage-current curve corresponding to the current working condition of the electrolysis system; A second determination module is used to determine voltage parameter values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working condition according to the voltage-current curve; A comparison module is used to compare the reference values ​​of various voltages corresponding to the current working conditions with the voltage parameter values; A third determination module is used to determine whether the electrolysis system fails according to the comparison result; The fourth determination module is used to determine the abnormal voltage type and the fault type corresponding to the abnormal voltage type according to the comparison result when it is determined that the electrolysis system has a fault.

9. A fault detection device for an electrolysis system, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; as well as, a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to implement the fault detection method for the electrolysis system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor corresponding to the fault detection device of the electrolysis system, the fault detection device of the electrolysis system can implement the fault detection method of the electrolysis system as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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