Coal mining subsidence area disaster early warning device and prediction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal area disaster early warning, in particular to a coal mining subsidence area disaster early warning device and a prediction method.According to the coal mining subsidence area disaster early warning device and prediction method, a rotating disc is rotated to enable a threaded sleeve to rotate, the threaded sleeve is matched with an outer thread on the surface of a lifting column, the lifting column ascends, and extension of a device body is achieved; through cooperation of a first piston, a first pipeline, a second piston and a second pipeline, a telescopic rod is driven to extend towards the outside of a sleeve, meanwhile, under cooperation of a first rotating rod, a second rotating rod, a first gear, a second gear and the like, a rotating column and the sleeve are driven to rotate, and the sleeve rotates in the direction away from an outer barrel; the lifting column is matched with the sleeve to form a telescopic supporting structure, the telescopic supporting structure can be stretched to support the device, meanwhile, the telescopic supporting structure can be shortened to facilitate storage, and the telescopic supporting structure and the lifting column synchronously work and are unfolded, so that the device is more convenient to unfold, and convenience is brought to transportation and installation work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal area disaster early warning, and in particular to a coal mining subsidence area disaster early warning device and a prediction method. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale mining of coal resources, the problem of disasters in coal mining subsidence areas has become increasingly prominent, posing a serious threat to the ecological environment, infrastructure and residents' lives around the mining area. Although there has been some research progress in the monitoring technology of water accumulation in coal mining subsidence areas, traditional monitoring methods have many limitations, such as high cost of monitoring equipment, complex installation and debugging, and small scope of application, which are not conducive to promotion and application in a wide range of coal mining subsidence areas. At the same time, some existing monitoring devices and systems also have deficiencies in data processing and analysis, making it difficult to provide timely and accurate warnings for disasters in coal mining subsidence areas. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a low-cost, easy-to-install, highly stable, widely applicable and high-precision coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device.

[0003] Chinese document patent number "CN118062248A" proposes a drone device for surface subsidence monitoring, but this method of using drones for monitoring is affected by the environment, and it is impossible to monitor data in real time and the monitoring accuracy cannot be guaranteed. At the same time, its endurance is weak and the monitoring cost is high. It needs to be suspended in the air all the time, and it is easily affected by factors such as wind and weather during monitoring; Chinese document patent number "CN114821973B" proposes a ground subsidence monitoring and early warning system for coal mine goaf areas, but its structure is complex, resulting in high manufacturing and maintenance costs. In addition, the system is mainly based on a simple signal disconnection to trigger an alarm, lacks the ability to intelligently analyze and process monitoring data, and cannot predict the development trend of subsidence or judge the severity of subsidence through data analysis. Moreover, the early warning system is more troublesome to install. In order to support the entire system device, the frame span is large, making the entire device inconvenient to carry and install. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device and prediction method, which has the advantages of strong endurance and integrated multiple monitoring functions. At the same time, in the device, the supporting structures in three directions and the main body are in a shortened and stored state, which reduces the volume of the entire device during transportation. The installation and transportation are carried out by staff. During the installation process, the elongation of the main body and the elongation of the supporting structures in three directions are synchronized, which brings convenience to the installation work of the device itself.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device, comprising an outer cylinder and a lifting column, and also comprising:

[0006] A connection base bolted to the top of the lifting column, a rain monitor is fixed on the top of the connection base, a subsidence monitor is fixed on the top of the rain monitor, a solar panel is bolted to one side of the connection base, a power supply box is bolted to the back of the solar panel, a connection frame is bolted to the bottom of the connection base, and a liquid level monitoring radar is bolted to the bottom of the connection frame;

[0007] A horizontal plate bolted to the surface of the outer cylinder in three directions, the surface of the horizontal plate is rotatably connected to a rotating column, the surface of the rotating column is bolted to a first connecting piece, three sides of the outer periphery of the outer cylinder are provided with sleeves, the inner wall of the open end of the sleeve is slidably connected to a telescopic rod, and the end of the telescopic rod away from the sleeve is bolted to a second connecting piece;

[0008] A box body is rotatably connected to the inner side of the second connecting member, and a support foot is bolted to the bottom of the box body. Adjustment mechanisms are arranged inside and outside the outer cylinder body, an extension control mechanism for adjusting the tilt position of the sleeve is arranged between the outer cylinder body and the sleeve, and a reinforcement mechanism is arranged inside and below the sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism comprises a turntable, a handle and a threaded sleeve, the turntable is rotatably connected to the top of the outer cylinder, the handle is bolted to three sides of the turntable surface, the threaded sleeve is penetrated and arranged at the center of the turntable surface, a threaded sleeve is arranged above the surface of the lifting column and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve, the adjustment mechanism also comprises an inner cylinder bolted to the inner side of the outer cylinder, the inner wall of the inner cylinder is slidably connected with a first piston, the lifting column and the first piston are bolted to each other, a first pipeline is connected to the upper side of the inner cylinder surface, the first pipeline is connected to the upper side of the sleeve surface on three sides, a connecting pipe is also connected to the lower side of the sleeve surface, a second pipeline is also connected to the lower side of the inner cylinder surface, the second pipeline and the connecting pipe are connected to each other through a hose, the inner wall of the sleeve is also slidably connected with a second piston, and the second piston and the telescopic rod are bolted to each other.

[0010] Preferably, the first pipeline is composed of a long pipe, a three-way interface and two short pipes, and the structure of the second pipeline is the same as that of the first pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the extension control mechanism includes a vertical groove, a rack, a first rotating rod and a second rotating rod. The vertical grooves are in three groups and are opened in three directions on the surface of the lifting column, and the vertical grooves penetrate the surface of the external thread. The inner wall of the vertical groove is bolted with a rack. The first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are both rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The surface of the cross plate is also rotatably connected to the third rotating rod. The surface of the first rotating rod is bolted with a first gear that meshes with the rack. The surface of the second rotating rod is respectively bolted with a second gear and a third gear. The second gear meshes with the first gear. The surface of the third rotating rod is bolted with a fourth gear. The surface of the rotating column is bolted with a fifth gear. The third gear meshes with the fourth gear, and the fourth gear meshes with the fifth gear.

[0012] Preferably, the vertical length of the vertical groove is smaller than the vertical distribution height of the external thread on the surface of the lifting column.

[0013] Preferably, the reinforcement mechanism includes a connecting cylinder, a piston rod and a third piston, the connecting cylinder is bolted to the bottom of the sleeve, one end of the piston rod located inside the connecting cylinder is bolted to the third piston, the third piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting cylinder, the reinforcement mechanism also includes a movable plate slidably connected to the inside of the box body, one side below the surface of the connecting cylinder is connected to the top of the box body through a hose, a rake nail is bolted to the bottom of the movable plate, a compression spring is fixed inside the box body, the top of the compression spring is in contact with the movable plate, and the bottom end of the rake nail extends to the inside of the support foot.

[0014] Preferably, the interior of the supporting leg is hollow.

[0015] Preferably, the inner wall of the connecting cylinder is designed to be semi-arc-shaped, and the surface of the third piston is designed to be arc-shaped.

[0016] A method for early warning and prediction of disasters in coal mining subsidence areas, the method comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step A: First install the device in the settlement area. During the operation of the device, the solar panel converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the battery in the power supply box to provide power for the entire device.

[0018] Step B, the subsidence monitor, rainfall monitor and liquid level monitoring radar respectively collect the ground subsidence degree, rainfall and water level data of the coal mining subsidence area in real time, and transmit these data to the back-end processing system through the signal generator;

[0019] Step C: The back-end processing system receives the ground subsidence data ,rainfall and water level Three types of key parameters adopt a weighted scoring mechanism and refer to the coupling effects of multiple factors to establish a risk index formula to provide graded early warning support for flood risks. The warning threshold of each parameter is dynamically adjusted based on regional historical data, geographical characteristics and expert experience.

[0020] Preferably, in step C, the basic reference value is as follows: ground subsidence threshold , when the ground subsidence exceeds When the surface drainage capacity decreases, there is a high probability that the risk of waterlogging will increase; the rainfall threshold is when the daily rainfall exceeds When it is considered an extreme rainfall event, there is a high probability of directly causing floods. The water level threshold :When the water level exceeds the warning level When the flood emergency response is initiated, the high risk state of flood disaster is triggered by the risk index. The risk index formula is as follows:

[0021] ; in, , and is the weight coefficient, and the initial value will be optimized according to the historical data of regional disasters. , it is judged as high risk and the emergency plan needs to be activated immediately. Otherwise, it is low risk, but the parameter change trend still needs to be continuously monitored.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention rotates the turntable to rotate the threaded sleeve, and cooperates with the external thread on the surface of the lifting column to make the lifting column rise and realize the extension of the device body. At the same time, during the lifting column rising process, the first piston, the first pipeline, the second piston and the second pipeline cooperate to drive the telescopic rod to extend to the outside of the sleeve. At the same time, under the cooperation of the first rotating rod, the second rotating rod, the first gear and the second gear, the rotating column and the sleeve are driven to rotate, so that the sleeve rotates in the direction away from the outer cylinder body, and cooperates with the sleeve to form a telescopic support structure, which can be extended to support the device and shortened for easy storage. It can also operate and unfold synchronously with the lifting column, making the deployment of the device more convenient, which brings convenience to transportation and installation.

[0024] 2. The present invention pushes the piston rod and the third piston downward during the descent of the second piston, thereby reducing the volume of the lower part of the connecting tube and increasing the pressure. Under the action of the air pressure difference, the movable plate overcomes the force from the compression spring, allowing the rake nails to extend to the outside of the supporting foot and insert into the soil, thereby reinforcing the firmness between the device and the ground. In addition, when not installed, the rake nails are located on the inner side of the supporting foot to avoid accidental injury to others.

[0025] 3. The present invention integrates a variety of monitoring sensors, which can monitor key indicators such as the degree of ground subsidence in coal mining subsidence areas, changes in water level in subsidence areas, and rainfall in real time, comprehensively capture the dynamic changes in coal mining subsidence areas, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the present invention is unfolded;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting column and the upper part thereof in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the outer cylinder in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the turntable of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the inner cylinder in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the lifting column in the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second pipeline in the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pipeline in the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting column and the sleeve in the present invention;

[0037] Fig.12 For the present invention Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0038] Fig.13 is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve in the present invention;

[0039] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reinforcement mechanism in the present invention;

[0040] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rake nail in the present invention;

[0041] Fig.16 This is a flow chart of disaster prediction in the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1, outer cylinder; 2, lifting column; 3, connecting seat; 4, rainfall monitor; 5, subsidence monitor; 6, solar panel; 7, power supply box; 8, connecting frame; 9, liquid level monitoring radar; 10, horizontal plate; 11, rotating column; 12, first connecting piece; 13, sleeve; 14, telescopic rod; 15, second connecting piece; 16, box body; 17, support foot; 18, adjustment mechanism; 181, turntable; 182, handle; 183, threaded sleeve; 184, external thread; 185, inner cylinder; 186, first piston; 187, first pipeline; 188, second pipeline; 189, connecting pipe; 1810, second piston; 19, extension control mechanism; 191, vertical groove; 192, rack; 193, first rotating rod; 194, second rotating rod; 195, third rotating rod; 196, first gear; 197, second gear; 198, third gear; 199, fourth gear; 1910, fifth gear; 20, reinforcement mechanism; 201, connecting tube; 202, piston rod; 203, third piston; 204, movable plate; 205, compression spring; 206, rake nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] See also Figure 1 - Fig.16A disaster warning device for coal mining subsidence area, comprising an outer cylinder 1 and a lifting column 2, the device also includes: a connecting seat 3 is bolted to the top of the lifting column 2, a rain monitor 4 is fixed to the top of the connecting seat 3, a subsidence monitor 5 is fixed to the top of the rain monitor 4, a solar panel 6 is also bolted to one side of the connecting seat 3, a power supply box 7 is bolted to the back of the solar panel 6, a connecting frame 8 is bolted to the bottom of the connecting seat 3, and a liquid level monitoring radar 9 is bolted to the bottom of the connecting frame 8. The subsidence monitor 5 is used to detect the settlement deformation of the surface or building. The core principle is to capture the displacement or deformation through a sensor, calculate the three-dimensional coordinate change of the monitoring point by receiving signals from multiple satellites (such as GPS, Beidou satellite navigation system), and the synthetic aperture radar satellite transmits microwaves to analyze the surface deformation through the phase difference of multiple imaging. It has a wide coverage range and an accuracy of centimeters, which is suitable for regional crustal subsidence monitoring. The liquid level monitoring radar 9 measures the height of the liquid surface through electromagnetic waves and emits high-frequency microwaves (such as 26GHz, 80GHz), receiving reflected echoes, and calculating the liquid level height through a built-in algorithm. The outer cylinder 1 is bolted with horizontal plates 10 in three directions on the surface, and the horizontal plates 10 are in groups of two. The surface of the horizontal plates 10 is rotatably connected with a rotating column 11, and the surface of the rotating column 11 is bolted with a first connecting member 12. Sleeves 13 are arranged on three sides of the outer periphery of the outer cylinder 1. The inner wall of the open end of the sleeve 13 is slidably connected with a telescopic rod 14. In actual use, the sleeve 13 has a seal similar to an oil seal added to its inlet and outlet. The telescopic rod 14 is slidably connected to the sealing member, the end of the telescopic rod 14 away from the sleeve 13 is bolted with a second connecting member 15, the inner side of the second connecting member 15 is rotatably connected to a box body 16, the bottom of the box body 16 is bolted with a support foot 17, the interior of the support foot 17 is hollow, an adjustment mechanism 18 is arranged inside and outside the outer cylinder 1, an extension control mechanism 19 for adjusting the tilt position of the sleeve 13 is arranged between the outer cylinder 1 and the sleeve 13, and a reinforcement mechanism 20 is arranged inside and below the sleeve 13.

[0045] Before installing the device, the sleeves 13 on three sides are in a vertical state, and the telescopic rod 14 is in a state of being retracted inside the sleeve 13. At the same time, most of the lifting column 2 is located inside the outer cylinder 1, thereby reducing the space occupied by the device and making it easy to carry. The adjustment mechanism 18 includes a turntable 181, a handle 182 and a threaded sleeve 183. The turntable 181 is rotatably connected to the top of the outer cylinder 1. The turntable 181 and the outer cylinder 1 are fixed to each other through a bearing to achieve a rotatable connection. The handle 182 is bolted to the turntable. The three sides of the surface of the turntable 181, the threaded sleeve 183 is set through the center of the surface of the turntable 181, the upper surface of the lifting column 2 is provided with a threaded sleeve 183 threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve 183, the adjustment mechanism 18 also includes an inner cylinder 185 bolted to the inner side of the outer cylinder 1, the inner wall of the inner cylinder 185 is slidably connected with a first piston 186, the lifting column 2 and the first piston 186 are bolted to each other, and the inlet and outlet above the inner cylinder 185 are provided with an oil seal as a sealing member during actual use, which increases the inner The sealing of the cylinder 185 is ensured, and the external thread 184 on the surface of the lifting column 2 will not enter the interior of the inner cylinder 185. The upper surface of the inner cylinder 185 is connected with a first pipeline 187, which is composed of a long pipe, a three-way interface and two short pipes. The first pipeline 187 is connected with the upper surface of the three-side sleeve 13, and the lower surface of the sleeve 13 is also connected with a connecting pipe 189. The lower surface of the inner cylinder 185 is also connected with a second pipeline 188. The first pipeline 187 is composed of a long tube, a three-way interface and two short tubes. The second pipeline 188 and the connecting pipe 189 are interconnected through a hose. The inner wall of the sleeve 13 is also slidably connected with a second piston 1810, and the second piston 1810 and the telescopic rod 14 are bolted to each other. Before use, hydraulic oil is injected into the inner cylinder 185 and the sleeve 13, so that hydraulic oil exists inside the inner cylinder 185, the sleeve 13, the first pipeline 187, the second pipeline 188 and the connecting pipe 189, so as to better perform oil transmission.

[0046] When the device is transferred to the position where it needs to be installed, the turntable 181 is first rotated by the handle 182, and the turntable 181 drives the threaded sleeve 183 to rotate. At this time, under the cooperation of the threaded sleeve 183 and the external thread 184 on the surface of the lifting column 2, the lifting column 2 begins to rise, which drives the lifting column 2 and the connecting seat 3 and other structural facilities above to rise together. At the same time, the lifting column 2 drives the first piston 186 to move upward, and squeezes the hydraulic oil above the inner cylinder 185, so that it enters the interior of the first pipeline 187, and pushes the hydraulic oil in the first pipeline 187 to the sleeve The hydraulic oil in the inner cylinder 185 moves upward, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil in the second pipeline 188 flows downward inside the inner cylinder 185, and the hydraulic oil in the lower part of the sleeve 13 flows into the second pipeline 188 through the connecting pipe 189. At this time, under the action of the oil transmission, the lifting column 2 rises, and the telescopic rod 14 extends to the outside of the sleeve 13.

[0047] The hydraulic transmission mechanism in the above process is as follows: the first piston 186 and the lifting column 2 are rigidly connected by bolting, so that the vertical movement of the lifting column 2 directly drives the first piston 186 to slide up and down in the inner cylinder 185. The inner cylinder 185 is filled with hydraulic oil, and the upper part of one side is connected to the first pipeline 187, and the lower part of the surface is connected to the second pipeline 188, forming a closed hydraulic circuit. When the lifting column 2 rises due to the screw transmission, the first piston 186 moves up synchronously, compressing the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber of the inner cylinder 185, forcing the hydraulic oil to enter the upper chamber of the sleeve 13 through the first pipeline 187. The second piston 1810 in the sleeve 13 drives the telescopic rod 14 to extend outward under the push of oil pressure. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the lower chamber of the sleeve 13 flows back to the lower chamber of the inner cylinder 185 through the connecting pipe 189 and the second pipeline 188 to realize the circulation of hydraulic oil. An oil seal is provided at the outlet end of the top of the inner cylinder 185 to ensure the airtightness of the hydraulic system when the lifting column 2 moves. A seal is provided at the outlet end of the sleeve 13 to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil, while allowing the telescopic rod 14 to slide. Through the incompressible characteristics of the hydraulic oil, the mechanical energy of the lifting column 2 is converted into hydraulic energy, thereby realizing synchronous and precise control of the lifting and supporting structure.

[0048] The extension control mechanism 19 includes a vertical groove 191, a rack 192, a first rotating rod 193 and a second rotating rod 194. The number of the vertical grooves 191 is three groups and they are opened in three directions on the surface of the lifting column 2. The vertical grooves 191 penetrate the surface of the external thread 184. The vertical length of the vertical groove 191 is less than the vertical distribution height of the external thread 184 on the surface of the lifting column 2. The inner wall of the vertical groove 191 is bolted with a rack 192. The first rotating rod 193 and the second rotating rod 194 are both rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1. The surface of the plate 10 is also rotatably connected to a third rotating rod 195, the surface of the first rotating rod 193 is bolted with a first gear 196 that meshes with the rack 192, the surface of the second rotating rod 194 is bolted with a second gear 197 and a third gear 198, the second gear 197 is meshed with the first gear 196, the size of the first gear 196 is smaller than the size of the second gear 197, the surface of the third rotating rod 195 is bolted with a fourth gear 199, the surface of the rotating column 11 is bolted with a fifth gear 1910, and the third gear 198 is bolted with a fourth gear 199. The third gear 198 is meshed with the fourth gear 199, and the fourth gear 199 is meshed with the fifth gear 1910. The size of the fourth gear 199 is smaller than that of the fifth gear 1910. During the rising process of the lifting column 2, it can drive the rack 192 to rise together, and then drive the first gear 196 and the first rotating rod 193 to rotate clockwise through the rack 192, and then drive the second rotating rod 194 and the third gear 198 to rotate counterclockwise through the second gear 197, and the third gear 198 drives the fourth gear 199 and the third rotating rod 195 to rotate clockwise, and then the fourth gear 199 drives the fifth gear 1910 and the rotating column 11 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the sleeve 13 and the telescopic rod 14 to rotate in the direction away from the outer cylinder 1 to unfold. The cooperation of the telescopic rod 14 and the sleeve 13 constitutes a retractable support structure, which can be extended to support the device and shortened for easy storage. It also operates synchronously with the lifting column 2 and unfolds, making the unfolding of the device more convenient.

[0049] The reinforcement mechanism 20 includes a connecting cylinder 201, a piston rod 202 and a third piston 203. The connecting cylinder 201 is bolted to the bottom of the sleeve 13. The piston rod 202 is located at one end of the connecting cylinder 201 and is bolted to the third piston 203. The third piston 203 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 201. A seal is provided at the inlet and outlet of the connecting cylinder 201 during actual use. The piston rod 202 is slidably connected to the seal to ensure the sealing between the piston rod 202 and the inlet of the connecting cylinder 201. The inner wall of the connecting cylinder 201 is semi-arc-shaped, and the surface of the third piston 203 is arc-shaped. The reinforcement mechanism 20 also includes a movable plate 204 slidably connected to the inside of the box body 16. One side below the surface of the connecting cylinder 201 is connected to the top of the box body 16 through a hose. A rake nail 206 is bolted to the bottom of the movable plate 204. A compression spring 205 is fixed inside the box body 16. The top of 205 contacts with the movable plate 204, the rake nail 206 penetrates the box body 16 and is slidably connected with the inner wall of the penetration point, and the bottom end of the rake nail 206 extends to the inside of the support foot 17. In the process of the second piston 1810 moving to drive the telescopic rod 14 to extend to the outside of the sleeve 13, the second piston 1810 continues to move and touches the piston rod 202 downward, and pushes the third piston 203 to move downward, thereby increasing the volume of the lower part of the connecting tube 201 and the air pressure, which increases the air pressure above the inside of the box body 16 and the internal pressure of the hose connected between the box body 16 and the connecting tube 201. Under the action of the air pressure, the movable plate 204 overcomes the force from the compression spring 205, which makes the movable plate 204 and the rake nail 206 descend and enter the soil, thereby nailing the support foot 17 to the ground, thereby preventing the extended support component from being easily retracted and increasing the firmness of the fixation between the device and the ground.

[0050] A method for early warning and prediction of disasters in coal mining subsidence areas, the method comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step A: First install the device in the settlement area. During the operation of the device, the solar panel 6 converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the battery in the power supply box 7, providing stable power support for the monitoring equipment and signal generator of the entire device, ensuring that the device can continuously monitor and send data, and ensuring the timeliness of disaster prediction;

[0052] Step B, the subsidence monitor 5, the rainfall monitor 4 and the liquid level monitoring radar 9 respectively collect the ground subsidence degree, rainfall and water level data of the coal mining subsidence area in real time, and transmit these data to the back-end processing system through the signal generator;

[0053] Step C: The back-end processing system receives the ground subsidence data ,rainfall and water level Three types of key parameters are used to comprehensively assess the risk of flood disasters by setting thresholds and multi-conditional logical judgments. A weighted scoring mechanism is adopted to consider the coupling effect of multiple factors to provide graded early warning support for flood risks. The early warning thresholds of each parameter are dynamically adjusted based on regional historical data, geographical characteristics and expert experience. The basic reference values ​​are as follows: Ground subsidence threshold :When the ground subsidence exceeds For example, when the rainfall is 10 cm, the risk of waterlogging may increase due to the decrease in surface drainage capacity. : Single-day rainfall exceeds For example, when the water level reaches 100 mm, it is considered an extreme rainfall event, which may directly cause floods. :When the water level exceeds the warning level , if it is 5 meters, the flood emergency response needs to be initiated. The high risk state of flood disasters is triggered by the risk index. The risk index formula is as follows:

[0054] ; in, , and is the initial value of the weight coefficient: , , , the initial value will be optimized according to the historical data of regional disasters. , it is judged as high risk and the emergency plan needs to be activated immediately; otherwise it is low risk, but the parameter change trend still needs to be continuously monitored.

[0055] The above methods can be used to evaluate the probability of flood disasters in coal mining subsidence areas and their impact range, providing scientific decision-making basis for relevant departments so that preventive measures can be taken in time to reduce disaster losses. Fig.16 shown.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device, comprising an outer cylinder (1) and a lifting column (2), characterized in that: Also includes: A connection base (3) bolted to the top of the lifting column (2), a rainfall monitor (4) being fixed on the top of the connection base (3), a subsidence monitor (5) being fixed on the top of the rainfall monitor (4), a solar panel (6) being bolted to one side of the connection base (3), a power supply box (7) being bolted to the back of the solar panel (6), a connection frame (8) being bolted to the bottom of the connection base (3), and a liquid level monitoring radar (9) being bolted to the bottom of the connection frame (8); A horizontal plate (10) is bolted to the surface of the outer cylinder (1) in three directions, the surface of the horizontal plate (10) is rotatably connected to a rotating column (11), the surface of the rotating column (11) is bolted to a first connecting member (12), sleeves (13) are provided on three sides of the outer periphery of the outer cylinder (1), a telescopic rod (14) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the open end of the sleeve (13), and the end of the telescopic rod (14) away from the sleeve (13) is bolted to a second connecting member (15); A box body (16) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the second connecting member (15), a support foot (17) is bolted to the bottom of the box body (16), an adjustment mechanism (18) is arranged inside and outside the outer cylinder (1), an extension control mechanism (19) for adjusting the tilt position of the sleeve (13) is arranged between the outer cylinder (1) and the sleeve (13), and a reinforcement mechanism (20) is arranged inside and below the sleeve (13).

2. The coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (18) comprises a turntable (181), a handle (182) and a threaded sleeve (183); the turntable (181) is rotatably connected to the top of the outer cylinder (1); the handle (182) is bolted to three sides of the surface of the turntable (181); the threaded sleeve (183) is arranged through the center of the surface of the turntable (181); a threaded sleeve (183) threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve (183) is arranged above the surface of the lifting column (2); the adjustment mechanism (18) further comprises an inner cylinder (185) bolted to the inner side of the outer cylinder (1); the inner wall of the inner cylinder (185) is slidably connected to a first piston (186) ), the lifting column (2) and the first piston (186) are bolted to each other, a first pipeline (187) is provided above the surface of the inner cylinder (185), the first pipeline (187) is connected to the upper surface of the sleeve (13) on three sides, a connecting pipe (189) is provided below the surface of the sleeve (13), a second pipeline (188) is provided below the surface of the inner cylinder (185), the second pipeline (188) and the connecting pipe (189) are connected to each other through a hose, a second piston (1810) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (13), and the second piston (1810) and the telescopic rod (14) are bolted to each other.

3. A coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pipeline (187) is composed of a long pipe, a three-way interface and two short pipes, and the structure of the second pipeline (188) is the same as that of the first pipeline (187).

4. The coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extension control mechanism (19) comprises a vertical groove (191), a rack (192), a first rotating rod (193) and a second rotating rod (194). The number of the vertical grooves (191) is three and they are opened in three directions on the surface of the lifting column (2). The vertical grooves (191) penetrate the surface of the external thread (184). The inner wall of the vertical groove (191) is bolted with the rack (192). The first rotating rod (193) and the second rotating rod (194) are both rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1). The surface of the horizontal plate (10) is also rotatably connected to a third rotating rod (195). The first rotating rod ( The surface of the rotating column (193) is bolted with a first gear (196) which meshes with the rack (192), the surface of the second rotating rod (194) is bolted with a second gear (197) and a third gear (198), the second gear (197) and the first gear (196) are respectively bolted, the third gear (198) and the fourth gear (199) are meshed with each other, the fourth gear (199) and the fifth gear (1910) are bolted with each other.

5. A coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical length of the vertical groove (191) is smaller than the vertical distribution height of the external thread (184) on the surface of the lifting column (2).

6. The coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement mechanism (20) comprises a connecting cylinder (201), a piston rod (202) and a third piston (203); the connecting cylinder (201) is bolted to the lower part of the sleeve (13); one end of the piston rod (202) located inside the connecting cylinder (201) is bolted to the third piston (203); the third piston (203) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting cylinder (201); the reinforcement mechanism (20) further comprises a movable plate (204) slidably connected to the inside of the box body (16); one side below the surface of the connecting cylinder (201) is connected to the top of the box body (16) via a hose; a rake nail (206) is bolted to the bottom of the movable plate (204); a compression spring (205) is fixed inside the box body (16); the top end of the compression spring (205) is in contact with the movable plate (204); and the bottom end of the rake nail (206) extends to the inside of the support foot (17).

7. The coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the support foot (17) is hollow in design.

8. The coal mining subsidence area disaster warning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the connecting cylinder (201) is designed to be semi-arc-shaped, and the surface of the third piston (203) is designed to be arc-shaped.

9. A method for early warning and prediction of disasters in coal mining subsidence areas, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step A: first install the device in the settlement area. During the operation of the device, the solar panel (6) converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the battery in the power supply box (7) to provide power for the entire device. Step B, the subsidence monitor (5), the rainfall monitor (4) and the liquid level monitoring radar (9) respectively collect the ground subsidence degree, rainfall and water level data of the coal mining subsidence area in real time, and transmit these data to the back-end processing system through the signal generator; Step C: The back-end processing system receives the ground subsidence data ,rainfall and water level Three types of key parameters adopt a weighted scoring mechanism and refer to the coupling effects of multiple factors to establish a risk index formula to provide graded early warning support for flood risks. The warning threshold of each parameter is dynamically adjusted based on regional historical data, geographical characteristics and expert experience.

10. A method for early warning and prediction of coal mining subsidence area disasters according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step C, the basic reference value is as follows: ground subsidence threshold , when the ground subsidence exceeds When the surface drainage capacity decreases, there is a high probability that the risk of waterlogging will increase; the rainfall threshold is when the daily rainfall exceeds When it is considered an extreme rainfall event, there is a high probability of directly causing floods. The water level threshold :When the water level exceeds the warning level When the flood emergency response is initiated, the high risk state of flood disaster is triggered by the risk index. The risk index formula is as follows: ； in, , and is the weight coefficient, and the initial value will be optimized according to the historical data of regional disasters. , it is judged as high risk and the emergency plan needs to be activated immediately. Otherwise, it is low risk, but the parameter change trend still needs to be continuously monitored.

Images