Collision dummy thoracic structure reflecting human thoracic motion characteristics

Abstract

The invention relates to a collision dummy thoracic structure capable of reflecting thoracic motion characteristics of a human body. Comprising a chest spine module, a costal vertebra joint module, a rib module and a sternum, a neck connecting block is arranged at the upper end of the chest spine module, the costal vertebra joint module is used for connecting a thoracic vertebra of the chest spine module with a rib of the rib module, and the sternum is connected with the rib module; the chest spine module has the freedom degrees of torsion, bending, stretching and lateral bending; ribs and thoracic vertebrae have rotational degrees of freedom through the costal vertebra joint module; the rib module further comprises costal cartilages made of elastic high polymer materials, and the costal cartilages are connected between the ribs and the sternum. According to the method, human anatomy and human kinematics are combined, the influence of thoracic motion response on chest injury in the collision process is fully considered, the biological fidelity of the dummy model is improved, and then the reliability of dummy chest injury parameters in the automobile collision test is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of dummies, and in particular relates to a collision dummy thorax structure which reflects the movement characteristics of a human thorax. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the automobile industry, automobile safety is becoming increasingly important in evaluating automobile performance. As a test tool for automobile collision tests, collision dummies are used to test and evaluate the damage to various parts of the human body under various collision conditions, and then evaluate the vehicle's ability to protect occupants in the event of a collision accident, thereby evaluating the vehicle's safety performance. However, the biological fidelity of existing collision dummies is still insufficient, and it is impossible to reproduce the movement characteristics of various parts of the real human body during a collision, resulting in an inability to truly describe the injuries suffered by the human body in a traffic accident. It often happens that cars with high collision safety performance under existing collision regulations cannot protect the occupants well in real traffic accidents.

[0003] At present, most of the commonly used crash dummies on the market are static human models established from a biomedical perspective, which lack the expression of the human joint movement characteristics during the collision process. In particular, the human thorax has many joints, and the slight movement of the joints will cause a large change in the movement of the entire thorax. However, for the convenience of manufacturing and installation, the existing dummy thorax structure is quite different from the real human body: the real human thoracic spine is composed of multiple thoracic vertebrae and intervertebral discs, and has a relatively high degree of flexibility, while the existing crash dummy thoracic spine is an integrated steel square column structure, which cannot simulate the movement of the thoracic spine; the real human ribs and thoracic vertebrae have costovertebral joints and costotransverse joints at the connection between the ribs and thoracic vertebrae, which can achieve relative rotation between the ribs and thoracic vertebrae, and a slight rotation of the joints can cause a large displacement of the ribs and sternum, while the existing crash dummies are fixed by bolts to ignore the rotation of the joints; the mechanical properties of the ribs and costal cartilages are quite different, and the connection between the two is a gradual transition form, while the existing dummies are simulated with a whole steel rib.

[0004] The above differences result in a large distortion in the movement of the thorax when the collision dummy's chest is impacted. The distortion in the movement of the chest will also cause distortion in the movement of the neck and limbs. The bio-fidelity is poor and cannot truly reflect the movement response of the human body during a collision, resulting in the reliability of the test data of the dummy being unable to be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a collision dummy thorax structure that reflects the movement characteristics of the human thorax, combines human anatomy and human kinematics, fully considers the influence of the thorax movement response on chest injury during the collision process, improves the biofidelity of the dummy model, and further ensures the reliability of the dummy chest injury parameters in the automobile collision test.

[0006] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: a crash dummy thorax structure that reflects the motion characteristics of the human thorax, including a thoracic spine module, a costovertebral joint module, a rib module and a sternum, a neck connection block is provided at the upper end of the thoracic spine module, the costovertebral joint module is used to connect the thoracic vertebrae of the thoracic spine module and the ribs of the rib module, and the sternum is connected to the rib module;

[0007] The thoracic spine module has the freedom of torsion, bending, extension and scoliosis; the ribs and thoracic vertebrae have rotational freedom through the costovertebral joint module; the rib module also includes costal cartilage made of elastic polymer material, which is connected between the ribs and the sternum.

[0008] Furthermore, the thoracic spine module includes a first thoracic vertebra at the top, a plurality of middle thoracic vertebrae, a twelfth thoracic vertebra at the bottom, a rubber intervertebral disc disposed between adjacent thoracic vertebrae, and a fixing cable passing through each thoracic vertebrae;

[0009] A positioning column is provided on the thoracic vertebra, and a positioning hole is provided on the intervertebral disc. The positioning column and the positioning hole cooperate with each other, and the fitting surfaces of the thoracic vertebra and the intervertebral disc are bonded to realize the up and down transmission of the torsional movement of the entire thoracic spine; the intervertebral disc generates a torsional restraining force, thereby simulating the constraint of the spinal ligament on torsional movement, so that the torsional range of motion of the thoracic spine is 6°±2°.

[0010] Furthermore, a U-shaped neck connection block is welded on the upper side of the front end surface of the first thoracic vertebra to be connected to the lower neck of the Hybrid III dummy, and the lower end of the twelfth thoracic vertebra is connected to the lumbar vertebra of the Hybrid III dummy.

[0011] Furthermore, two positioning columns are provided on the left and right sides of the lower end surface of the first thoracic vertebra, with a height of h1 and a diameter of d1; two positioning columns are provided on the front and rear sides of the upper end surface of the twelfth thoracic vertebra, with a front positioning column height of h2 and a rear positioning column height of h1, and h2 h1.<h1>

[0012] Furthermore, three circular holes with a diameter of d2 are opened on the front end surface of the intervertebral disc, and two circular holes with a diameter of d3 are opened on the left and right sides respectively, and d2>d3, thereby simulating the constraints of spinal ligaments on bending, extension and scoliosis movements, so that the thoracic spine flexion range of motion is 10°±2°, the extension range of motion is 6°±2°, and the scoliosis range of motion is 7°±2°.

[0013] Furthermore, the head of the fixing cable is a spherical cable head clamped on the upper end of the first thoracic vertebra, and the bottom end of the fixing cable is provided with a threaded section that cooperates with a nut.

[0014] Furthermore, the costovertebral joint module includes a transverse process, a T-shaped rotation limiting elastic block and a bolt II. The transverse process includes left and right vertical plates, the vertical plates have through holes, and the bolt I passes through the vertical plates to connect the transverse process and the thoracic vertebra. The transverse process also includes two oblique posterior protrusions, and the two protrusions are connected as a whole through a vertical connecting plate.

[0015] Both protrusions are provided with circular through holes with a hole diameter of d7, and the axis of each protrusion through hole forms an angle of 35°±5° with the connecting line of the left and right vertical plates; the inner wall of the protrusion is provided with two through rectangular grooves arranged opposite to each other; two T-shaped rotation limiting elastic blocks are arranged in the through holes of the protrusions, and the rectangular protrusions of the T-shaped rotation limiting elastic blocks are inserted into the rectangular grooves, so that the circular holes of the protrusions are transformed into drum-shaped holes;

[0016] One end of the rib connected to the transverse process is provided with a rib head with a drum-shaped cross-section and a maximum diameter of d7. The rib head and the drum-shaped hole cooperate to form a revolute pair. A threaded hole is opened on the end face of the rib head, and a groove for placing a bolt II nut is opened on the inner end face of the transverse process. The nut has a diameter of d8, and d8>d7. Bolt II and the rib head threaded hole cooperate to restrict the axial movement of the rib and the T-shaped rotation limit elastic block.

[0017] Furthermore, the rib module includes seven pairs of ribs, the cross-section of the rib body is rectangular, the cross-section of the upper six pairs of ribs is long a1 and wide b1, the cross-section of the seventh pair of ribs is long a2 and wide b2, and a2 = (2.5 ~ 3) a1, b2 = (2.5 ~ 3) b1.

[0018] Furthermore, the rib module also includes an outer damping strip and an inner damping strip;

[0019] The connection position between the rib and the costal cartilage is set to L-shape, and the two are combined and spliced. The rib material is 75# steel, and the rib cartilage material is PVC composite material. The inner damping strip is glued on the inner side of the rib module, and the outer damping strip is glued on the outer side of the front end of the rib module. The ribs, costal cartilage, outer damping strip and inner damping strip are fastened and connected by bolts III.

[0020] Furthermore, the sternum and the costal cartilage are fastened and connected by bolt IV, and a square elastic pad is provided between the two;

[0021] The thoracic vertebrae, cervical vertebrae connecting blocks, and transverse processes are made of 45# steel, the sternum is made of 75# steel, the damping strips are made of polymer-based damping material, and the intervertebral discs, T-shaped rotation limit elastic blocks, and square elastic pads are made of polyurethane rubber.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0023] (1) The present invention divides the thoracic spine into twelve thoracic vertebrae and eleven intervertebral discs in an interlaced stacking structure, and the intervertebral disc material is polyurethane rubber, so that the bending, extension and lateral bending of the entire thoracic spine can be simulated by compressing the intervertebral disc by the thoracic vertebrae, and the up and down transmission of the torsional movement of the entire thoracic spine can be achieved by cooperating with the thoracic vertebra positioning column and the intervertebral disc positioning hole and gluing the fitting surface. Three large holes are opened on the front end of the intervertebral disc, and two small holes are opened on the left and right sides respectively, so that the front end of the intervertebral disc can be compressed to the maximum, followed by the left and right ends, and the rear end is the smallest, thereby simulating the maximum bending range of the human thoracic spine, followed by lateral bending, and the smallest extension; the above structure can effectively simulate the intervertebral joint movement of the human thoracic spine, truly reflect the forward bending, lateral rotation and other movement responses of the human chest during the collision, and solve the problem that the existing Hybrid III dummy ignores the movement of the thoracic spine, resulting in the movement distortion of the ribs and sternum, thereby failing to ensure the reliability of the chest injury parameters.

[0024] (2) The present invention simulates the costovertebral joint and the costotransverse joint of the human body through the rotational pair connection between the transverse process and the rib, and arranges T-shaped rotation limiting elastic blocks on both sides of the oblique rear through hole of the transverse process. The rotation gap can be released by squeezing the elastic blocks, so that relative rotation occurs between the ribs and the transverse process, and the resistance generated by the squeezing of the elastic blocks can simulate the ligament constraints at the costovertebral joint and the costotransverse joint. The above structure can highly simulate the joint movement of the human ribs and thoracic vertebrae, effectively reflect the large displacement of the ribs and sternum caused by the costovertebral joint movement, and ensure the reliability of the chest injury data.

[0025] (3) The present invention considers the difference in mechanical properties between ribs and costal cartilages by using two different materials, 75# steel and PVC composite material, and splices the two through an L-shaped interface, thereby considering the gradual transition between ribs and costal cartilages. The above structure can take into account the different mechanical properties of ribs and costal cartilages and the complex response of thorax movement caused by the transition relationship during the collision, further ensuring the reliability of chest injury data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is an axonometric diagram of the thorax structure of the dummy of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the structure of the dummy chest structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the thorax structure of the dummy of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the thoracic spine module of the dummy thorax structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the costovertebral joint module of the thorax structure of the dummy of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the rib module of the thorax structure of the dummy of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the first thoracic vertebra of the thorax structure of the dummy of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the middle thoracic vertebra of the thorax structure of the dummy of the present invention.

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the twelfth thoracic vertebra of the thorax structure of the dummy of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the intervertebral disc of the thorax structure of the dummy of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing cables of the thorax structure of the dummy of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse processes of the thorax structure of a dummy of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the T-shaped rotation limiting elastic block of the dummy chest structure of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the ribs of the thorax structure of the dummy of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the costal cartilage of the dummy thorax structure of the present invention.

[0041] Description of reference numerals:

[0042] 1-first thoracic vertebra, 2-cervical connecting block, 3-intervertebral disc, 4-middle thoracic vertebra, 5-twelfth thoracic vertebra, 6-fixing cable, 7-fastening nut, 8-transverse process, 9-bolt I, 10-T-type rotation limiting elastic block, 11-rib, 12-bolt II, 13-costal cartilage, 14-external damping strip, 15-inner damping strip, 16-bolt III, 17-square elastic pad, 18-bolt IV, 19-sternum. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0044] It should be noted that: in the embodiment of the present invention, the six directions of up, down, front, back, left, and right are based on the attached Figure 1 In the coordinate system shown, the "horizontal plane" is the xy plane, and the vertical is the up and down vertical (z-axis) direction.

[0045] The present invention provides a collision dummy thorax structure reflecting the motion characteristics of the human thorax, which is composed of a thoracic spine module, a costovertebral joint module, a rib module and a sternum. Figure 4 The neck connection block 2 at the upper end of the thoracic spine module is connected to the lower neck of the Hybrid III dummy, and the twelfth thoracic vertebra 5 at the lower end is connected to the lumbar vertebra of the Hybrid III dummy. The present invention can be directly replaced with the thorax structure of the existing Hybrid III dummy.

[0046] The thoracic spine module is mainly composed of the first thoracic vertebra 1, the cervical connection block 2, the middle thoracic vertebra 4, the intervertebral disc 3, the twelfth thoracic vertebra 5 and the fixation cable 6. Figure 4 There are two positioning columns on the left and right sides of the lower end surface of the first thoracic vertebra 1. The height of the positioning column is h1 and the diameter is d1. Figure 7 ; Two positioning columns are provided on both sides of the upper end of the twelfth thoracic vertebra 5, the front positioning column height h2, the rear positioning column height h1, and h2 Fig. 9 The remaining middle thoracic vertebra 4 upper and lower end surfaces are provided with two positioning columns, the lower end surface is consistent with the lower end surface of the first thoracic vertebra 1, the upper end surface is consistent with the upper end surface of the twelfth thoracic vertebra 5, reference Figure 8 ; The intervertebral disc 3 has four vertical positioning through holes, with a hole diameter of d1 and a hole depth of h3, and h3>h1, and the positions correspond to the four positioning columns on the upper and lower surfaces of the thoracic vertebrae; reference Fig.10 The neck connection block 2 is welded on the upper side of the front end surface of the first thoracic vertebra 1, with the first thoracic vertebra 1 at the top and the twelfth thoracic vertebra 5 at the bottom. The thoracic vertebrae and intervertebral discs 3 are stacked alternately, and the matching position is determined by the thoracic vertebra positioning column and the intervertebral disc 3 positioning hole, and the fitting surfaces are glued and bonded.

[0047] ​The thoracic spine module can effectively simulate the motion characteristics of the real human thoracic spine. In the collision test, the dummy's upper body is twisted sideways due to the collision. The thoracic spine module can achieve the up and down transmission of the torsional motion of the entire thoracic spine through the cooperation of the positioning column and the positioning hole and the bonding effect of the fitting surface. The intervertebral disc 3 made of polyurethane rubber will produce torsional restraint due to its own elasticity, thereby simulating the constraint of the spinal ligament on the torsional motion, so that the torsional motion of the thoracic spine is 6°±2°. There are three circular holes on the front face of the intervertebral disc 3, with an aperture of d2, and two circular holes on the left and right sides, with an aperture of d3, d2>d3. The edges with circular holes are more easily compressed, so that when the intervertebral disc 3 is compressed by bending, extension and lateral bending, it can effectively simulate the motion range of the human thoracic spine with a large bending range, followed by left and right lateral bending, and the smallest extension range. Because h3>h1>h2, the positioning column does not affect the bending, extension and scoliosis of the thoracic spine. When the above-mentioned movements occur, one end of the intervertebral disc 3 is pulled and the other end is compressed. Due to the adhesiveness, the pulled part will always fit the adjacent thoracic vertebrae and produce an adduction constraint force, thereby simulating the constraint of the spinal ligament on bending, extension and scoliosis, so that the thoracic spine bending range of motion is 10°±2°, the extension range of motion is 6°±2°, and the scoliosis range of motion is 7°±2°. The thoracic spine module can effectively simulate the movement response of the human thoracic spine under collision conditions. Even if the thoracic spine module is damaged in the collision test, since the thoracic spine module is a segmented structure, it only needs to be disassembled and replaced, and there is no need to replace the entire structure. The fixing cable 6 passes through the entire thoracic spine, and the spherical cable head is clamped at the upper end of the first thoracic vertebra 1. The lower end of the fixing cable 6 cooperates with the nut 7 to be tightened through threads, thereby fastening the entire thoracic spine, and the range of motion of the thoracic spine can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the fixing cable 6. Loosening the fixing cable 6 can increase the range of motion, and tightening the fixing cable 6 can reduce the range of motion, thereby making adjustments according to different needs.

[0048] The costovertebral joint module is composed of a transverse process 8, a T-shaped rotation limit elastic block 10 and a bolt II 12. Figure 5 There are threaded holes on both sides of the thoracic vertebrae, and through holes are opened on the vertical plates on both sides of the transverse process 8. The seven transverse processes 8 are sequentially fitted with the rear ends of the first seven thoracic vertebrae and fastened by bolts Ⅰ9 on the left and right sides. Figure 1 The two protrusions on the oblique rear side of the transverse process 8 are both provided with through holes with a hole diameter of d7, and through rectangular grooves are provided on both sides of the through holes. Fig.12 , T-shaped rotation limit elastic block 10 (refer to Fig.13 ) can be inserted into it, so that the round holes of the two protrusions on the rear side of the transverse process 8 are transformed into drum-shaped holes. Fig.14 ) The cross section is drum-shaped with a maximum diameter of d7, which cooperates with the drum-shaped hole to form a revolute pair. The rotation axis and the center line of the vertical plates on both sides of the transverse protrusion form an angle of about 35°±5°. The end face of the rib head of rib 11 is provided with a threaded hole, which is fastened with bolt Ⅱ12.

[0049] The costovertebral joint module allows the ribs and thoracic vertebrae to obtain a rotational clearance by rotating and squeezing the T-shaped rotation limit elastic block 10, producing a rotation similar to a bucket handle, and the range of motion of the rotation pair is limited by the rotation limit of the T-shaped elastic block 10, thereby effectively simulating the range of joint motion and the constraints of nearby ligaments. A vertical groove is provided on the rear side of the through holes of the two protrusions on the rear side of the transverse process 8, that is, on the inner side of the transverse process 8, for placing the nut of the bolt II 12, with a nut diameter of d8, and d8>d7, to constrain the axial movement of the rib 11 and the T-shaped rotation limit elastic block 10.

[0050] During the collision test, the dummy's chest is impacted, the thoracic spine moves, and the ribs and thoracic vertebrae rotate relative to each other. This relative rotation will cause a large deflection change in the connection between the ribs 11 and the sternum 19. The costovertebral joint can reflect this movement, thereby further improving the biofidelity of the thorax movement and ensuring the reliability of the chest test data.

[0051] The rib module is mainly composed of ribs 11, costal cartilage 13, outer damping strips 14 and inner damping strips 15. Figure 6 The cross section of the rib body is rectangular. The cross section of the upper six pairs of ribs is a1 long and b1 wide. The cross section of the seventh pair of ribs is a2 long and b2 wide, and a2 = (2.5-3) a1, b2 = (2.5-3) b1. The first seven pairs of rib modules are used to simulate the upper seven pairs of ribs directly connected to the sternum. Since the eighth to tenth ribs are directly connected to the seventh rib, the size of the seventh rib is increased to make them equivalent.

[0052] The connection position of the rib 11 and the costal cartilage 13 is set to be L-shaped, and the two are combined and spliced ​​to simulate the gradual transition of the rib 11 to the costal cartilage 13. The material of the rib 11 is 75# steel, and the material of the costal cartilage 13 is PVC composite material, which is used to reflect the difference in mechanical properties between the rib 11 and the costal cartilage 13. The inner damping strip 15 is glued on the inner side of the rib module to simulate the impedance of the internal tissue of the human chest to the rib module during the chest collision compression process. Since the resistance to the front ribs is greater than the resistance to the chest ribs, the outer damping strip 14 is glued on the outer side of the front end of the rib module to increase the front damping. The rib 11, the costal cartilage 13, the outer damping strip 14 and the inner damping strip 15 are fastened and connected by bolts III 16. The rib module can effectively simulate the different motion responses of the ribs and costal cartilages of the human body under collision conditions, as well as the special mechanical properties of the transition area.

[0053] The sternum 19 and the costal cartilage 13 are fastened together by bolts IV 18, and a square elastic pad 17 is arranged between the two, so as to simulate the allowable range of motion of the sternocostal joint.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crash dummy thorax structure that reflects the motion characteristics of the human thorax, characterized in that: It includes a thoracic spine module, a costovertebral joint module, a rib module and a sternum (19). A neck connection block (2) is provided at the upper end of the thoracic spine module. The costovertebral joint module is used to connect the thoracic vertebra of the thoracic spine module and the rib (11) of the rib module, and the sternum (19) is connected to the rib module; The thoracic spine module has degrees of freedom of torsion, flexion, extension and lateral bending; through the costovertebral joint module, the rib and the thoracic vertebra have degrees of freedom of rotation; the rib module also includes costal cartilage (13) made of an elastic polymer material, and the costal cartilage (13) is connected between the rib (11) and the sternum (19).

2. The crash dummy chest structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thoracic spine module includes the uppermost first thoracic vertebra (1), multiple middle thoracic vertebrae (4), the lowermost twelfth thoracic vertebra (5), an intervertebral disc (3) made of rubber material provided between adjacent thoracic vertebrae, and a fixing cable (6) passing through each thoracic vertebra; Positioning columns are provided on the thoracic vertebra, positioning holes are provided on the intervertebral disc, the positioning columns and the positioning holes cooperate, and the joint surfaces of the thoracic vertebra and the intervertebral disc are cemented to realize the up-and-down transmission of the torsional movement of the entire thoracic spine; the intervertebral disc (3) generates torsional restraint force, thereby simulating the restraint of the spinal ligament on the torsional movement, so that the torsional mobility of the thoracic vertebra is 6°±2°.

3. The crash dummy chest structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the upper side of the front end face of the first thoracic vertebra (1), a U-shaped neck connection block (2) is welded to connect with the lower neck of the Hybrid III dummy, and the lower end twelfth thoracic vertebra (5) is connected to the lumbar vertebra of the Hybrid III dummy.

4. The crash dummy chest structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: On the left and right sides of the lower end face of the first thoracic vertebra (1), two positioning columns are provided, with a height h1 and a diameter d1; on the front and rear sides of the upper end face of the twelfth thoracic vertebra (5), two positioning columns are provided, the front positioning column has a height h2, the rear positioning column has a height h1, and h2 < h1, and the diameters are both d1; on the upper and lower end faces of the remaining middle thoracic vertebrae (4), two positioning columns are respectively provided, the lower end face is the same as the lower end face of the first thoracic vertebra (1), and the upper end face is the same as the upper end face of the twelfth thoracic vertebra (5); the intervertebral disc (3) is provided with four vertically distributed positioning through holes that cooperate with the positioning columns, with a hole diameter d1 and a hole depth h3, and h3 > h1.

5. The crash dummy chest structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front end face of the intervertebral disc (3) is provided with 3 round holes with a hole diameter d2, and the left and right side faces are respectively provided with 2 round holes with a hole diameter d3, d2 > d3, so as to simulate the restraint of the spinal ligament on the bending, extension and lateral bending movements, so that the bending mobility of the thoracic vertebra is 10°±2°, the extension mobility is 6°±2°, and the lateral bending mobility is 7°±2°.

6. The crash dummy chest structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The head of the fixing cable (6) is a spherical cable head stuck on the upper end of the first thoracic vertebra (1), and the bottom end of the fixing cable (6) is provided with a threaded section that cooperates with the nut (7).

7. The crash dummy chest structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The costovertebral joint module includes a transverse process (8), a T-shaped rotation limit elastic block (10) and a bolt II (12), The transverse process (8) includes vertical plates on the left and right sides. The vertical plates are provided with through holes, and a bolt I (9) passes through the vertical plates to connect the transverse process and the thoracic vertebra. The transverse process also includes two obliquely rearward protruding blocks, and the two protruding blocks are connected into one body through a vertical connecting plate; Both protruding blocks are provided with circular through holes with a hole diameter of d7, and the axis of each protruding block through hole forms an angle of 35°±5° with the connecting line of the left and right vertical plates; the inner side wall of the protruding block is provided with two oppositely arranged through rectangular grooves; two T-shaped rotation limiting elastic blocks (10) are arranged in the through holes of the protruding blocks, and the rectangular protrusions of the T-shaped rotation limiting elastic blocks (10) are inserted into the rectangular grooves, so that the circular holes of the protruding blocks are converted into drum-shaped holes; The end of the rib (11) connected to the transverse projection is provided with a rib head with a drum-shaped cross section and a maximum diameter of d7. The rib head cooperates with the drum-shaped hole to form a rotation pair. The end face of the rib head is provided with a threaded hole. The inner end face of the transverse projection (8) is provided with a groove for accommodating a nut of a bolt II (12). The diameter of the nut is d8, and d8>d7. The bolt II (12) and the rib head threaded hole cooperate to restrict the axial movement of the rib (11) and the T-shaped rotation limiting elastic block (10).

8. The crash dummy chest structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rib module includes seven pairs of ribs, the cross section of the rib body is rectangular, the cross section of the upper six pairs of ribs is long a1 and wide b1, the cross section of the seventh pair of ribs is long a2 and wide b2, and a2 = (2.5 ~ 3) a1, b2 = (2.5 ~ 3) b1.

9. The crash dummy chest structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rib module also includes an outer damping strip (14) and an inner damping strip (15); The connection position between the rib (11) and the costal cartilage (13) is set to be L-shaped, and the two are combined and spliced. The material of the rib (11) is 75# steel, and the material of the costal cartilage (13) is PVC composite material. The inner damping strip (15) is glued on the inner side of the rib module, and the outer damping strip (14) is glued on the outer side of the front end of the rib module. The rib (11), the costal cartilage (13), the outer damping strip (14) and the inner damping strip (15) are fastened and connected by bolts III (16).

10. The crash dummy chest structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sternum (19) and the costal cartilage (13) are fastened together by bolts IV (18), and a square elastic pad (17) is provided between the two. The thoracic vertebrae, cervical vertebrae connecting blocks, and transverse processes are made of 45# steel, the sternum is made of 75# steel, the damping strips are made of polymer-based damping material, and the intervertebral discs, T-shaped rotation limit elastic blocks, and square elastic pads are made of polyurethane rubber.

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