Rice field soil drying degree detection system and detection method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice field soil drying degree detection system and method, and the system comprises an aircraft which is provided with an image collection device; the rice field is provided with a plurality of planting areas, and the electric valves are installed in the planting areas; the controller comprises a control module, an image recognition module, a modeling module, a storage module, a judgment module and a matching module, the control module is connected to the aircraft, the image acquisition device and the electric valve, the image recognition module and the storage module are connected to the control module, the modeling module is connected to the image recognition module, and the judgment module is connected to the modeling module. The matching module is connected to the control module, the storage module and the judgment module; the control module controls the electric valves corresponding to the arid areas to discharge water to the arid areas for irrigation according to the irrigation schemes based on the arid areas and the corresponding irrigation schemes. The invention solves the problem that the current rice irrigation depends on experience and is mainly flood irrigation and is not suitable for developing water-saving agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice cultivation, and in particular to a rice field soil drying degree detection system and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Water shortage is a global problem. Water shortage and drought have become the most important abiotic stress factors limiting crop yields worldwide. Rice is the crop with the largest water consumption, and its irrigation water accounts for about 80% of Asia's agricultural water use. With population growth, urban and industrial development, global climate change, increasing environmental pollution and frequent seasonal droughts, the lack of water resources for rice irrigation and unreasonable irrigation seriously threaten the development of rice production.

[0003] At present, rice irrigation mostly relies on experience and is mainly based on flooding. The irrigation volume and precision irrigation technology have not formed a complete system. In addition, problems such as the flatness of land preparation lead to low efficiency of rice field irrigation water utilization, which in turn affects the normal growth and development of rice, and seriously affects the yield, quality and economic benefits. Therefore, the development of water-saving agriculture, especially the implementation of high-yield water-saving irrigation for rice, is a major strategic need in my country.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, a rice field soil drying degree detection system and a detection method are provided to solve the problem that the current rice irrigation relies on experience and is mainly flooded, which is not suitable for the development of water-saving agriculture.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, a paddy field soil drying degree detection system is provided, comprising:

[0007] An aircraft, wherein an image acquisition device is installed on the aircraft;

[0008] The electric valve is provided in the rice field and has a plurality of planting areas, and the planting areas are provided with electric valves;

[0009] A controller, comprising a control module, an image recognition module for identifying the real-time leaf color values ​​of multiple functional leaves at the top of each rice plant in the planting area image, a modeling module for constructing a leaf color distribution model of the planting area based on the geographical location information of the planting area and the real-time leaf color values, a storage module for storing a leaf color value database of the rice and an irrigation scheme database, a determination module for comparing the real-time leaf color value with a standard leaf color threshold based on the leaf color distribution model to determine a drought area in the leaf color distribution model, and a matching module for matching the real-time leaf color value data in the drought area to a corresponding irrigation scheme in the irrigation scheme database based on the leaf color value database, the control module is connected to the aircraft, the image acquisition device and the electric valve, the image recognition module and the storage module are respectively connected to the control module, the modeling module is connected to the image recognition module, the determination module is connected to the modeling module, and the matching module is connected to the control module, the storage module and the determination module;

[0010] Based on the drought area and its corresponding irrigation scheme, the control module controls the electric valve corresponding to the drought area to release water for irrigation in the drought area according to the irrigation scheme.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a display device, which is connected to the control module.

[0012] Furthermore, the image acquisition device is a high frame rate color camera.

[0013] Furthermore, the leaf color value is a SPAD value or an LCC value.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the functional blades is three.

[0015] Furthermore, the leaf color value is a ratio of the leaf color value of the functional leaves on the top layer to the leaf color value of the functional leaves on the bottom layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the aircraft is a drone.

[0017] The present invention provides a paddy field soil drying degree detection method of a paddy field soil drying degree detection system, comprising the following steps:

[0018] The aircraft collects images of the planting area above the planting area;

[0019] The control module of the controller acquires the planting area image;

[0020] The image recognition module of the controller recognizes the real-time leaf color values ​​of multiple functional leaves on the top of each rice plant in the planting area image;

[0021] The modeling module of the controller constructs a leaf color distribution model of the planting area based on the geographical location information of the planting area and the real-time leaf color value;

[0022] The determination module of the controller compares the real-time leaf color value with a standard leaf color threshold value based on the leaf color distribution model to determine the drought area in the leaf color distribution model;

[0023] The matching module of the controller matches the real-time leaf color value data in the drought area to a corresponding irrigation scheme in the irrigation scheme database based on the leaf color value database in the storage module of the controller;

[0024] Based on the drought area and its corresponding irrigation scheme, the control module controls the electric valve corresponding to the drought area to release water for irrigation in the drought area according to the irrigation scheme.

[0025] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the paddy field soil drying degree detection system of the present invention, during the main growth and development period of rice, including the tillering period, the jointing period, the panicle development period, and the filling period, uses an image acquisition device and an artificial intelligence image processing algorithm to extract the regional distribution model of the SPAD value or LCC value of the functional leaf, and compares it with the leaf color value database to accurately determine whether the paddy field in the planting area needs irrigation. If there are several small areas in the planting area where drought occurs, the device will compare the SPAD value or LCC value of the functional leaf of rice in the drought area with the irrigation scheme database through a machine learning algorithm to obtain the optimal irrigation scheme. Based on the optimal irrigation scheme, the controller controls the electric valve in the planting area to release water for irrigation, thereby improving the utilization rate of water resources for paddy field irrigation, ensuring the normal growth and development of rice, improving rice yield and quality, and being conducive to the development of water-saving agriculture and the implementation of high-yield and water-saving precise irrigation for rice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a paddy field soil drying degree detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant invention, rather than to limit the invention. It is also necessary to explain that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0029] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a rice field soil drying degree detection system, including: an aircraft 1, an image acquisition device 2, an electric valve 3 and a controller 4.

[0031] In this embodiment, the aircraft 1 is a drone.

[0032] An image acquisition device 2 is installed on the aircraft 1. As a preferred embodiment, the image acquisition device 2 is a high frame rate color camera.

[0033] In this embodiment, the rice field has multiple planting areas. The image acquisition device is used to collect images of the planting areas. The target area is patrolled by using a drone equipped with a high frame rate color camera. The high frame rate color camera can also avoid the phenomenon that the functional leaves of the plants cannot be identified due to the wind blowing, and has the advantages of high mobility and high efficiency.

[0034] Each planting area is equipped with an electric valve 3. A circle of ridges is formed at the outer edge of each planting area. Electric valves are installed on the ridges. The irrigation canal connects multiple planting areas together. When the electric valve is opened, the irrigation water in the irrigation canal flows into the planting area for water release and replenishment.

[0035] The controller 4 includes a control module 41 , an image recognition module 42 , a modeling module 43 , a storage module 44 , a determination module 45 and a matching module 46 .

[0036] The control module 41 is connected to the aircraft 1 , the image acquisition device 2 and the electric valve 3 .

[0037] The image recognition module 42 and the storage module are connected to the control module 41 respectively.

[0038] The modeling module 43 is connected to the image recognition module 42 .

[0039] The determination module 45 is connected to the modeling module 43 .

[0040] The matching module 46 is connected to the control module 41 , the storage module and the determination module 45 .

[0041] Specifically, the control module acquires the image of the planting area from the image acquisition device.

[0042] The image recognition module 42 is used to recognize the real-time leaf color values ​​of multiple functional leaves on the top of each rice plant in the planting area image.

[0043] The modeling module 43 is used to construct a leaf color distribution model of the planting area based on the geographical location information and real-time leaf color values ​​of the planting area.

[0044] The storage module 44 is used to store the rice leaf color value database and the irrigation scheme database.

[0045] The determination module 45 is used to compare the real-time leaf color value with the standard leaf color threshold value based on the leaf color distribution model to determine the drought area in the leaf color distribution model.

[0046] The matching module 46 is used to match the real-time leaf color value data in the drought area to a corresponding irrigation plan in the irrigation plan database based on the leaf color value database.

[0047] Based on the drought area and its corresponding irrigation scheme, the control module 41 controls the electric valve 3 corresponding to the drought area to release water to the drought area according to the irrigation scheme.

[0048] The paddy field soil drying degree detection system of the present invention further includes a display device, which is connected to the control module 41 .

[0049] Specifically, the display device is an LED display screen. In actual operation, rice field managers can intuitively understand the real-time conditions such as leaf color distribution model and drought area through the LED display screen.

[0050] As a better real-time method, leaf color value is SPAD value or LCC value. SPAD (soil and plantanalyzer development) value is the relative value of leaf chlorophyll content. LCC (leaf color chart) value is the reading after comparison with leaf color card.

[0051] As a preferred implementation, the number of functional leaves is three. The leaf color value is the ratio of the leaf color value of the functional leaves on the top layer to the leaf color value of the functional leaves on the bottom layer.

[0052] The image recognition template uses a machine learning algorithm to identify and extract the three most recently extended functional leaves at the top of the rice. The leaf color value is obtained by calculating the ratio of the leaf color value of the functional leaves at the top layer to the leaf color value of the functional leaves at the bottom layer, thereby improving the accuracy of the leaf color value of the rice field soil dryness detection system of the present invention and avoiding the external environmental factors from having a greater impact on the image acquisition device. Specifically, the image recognition template uses a machine learning algorithm to identify the YOLO (You Only Look Once) algorithm to identify and extract the three most recently extended functional leaves at the top of the crop.

[0053] YOLO and You Only Look Once is a target detection algorithm. The goal of the target detection task is to find all the regions of interest in the image and determine the location and category probability of these regions. YOLO is a one-stage target detection algorithm.

[0054] In this embodiment, the image recognition module compares the rice functional leaf image captured by the high frame rate color camera with the data in the leaf color value database through a machine learning algorithm, and can make an accurate judgment at the early stage of plant water shortage, avoiding the situation where rice production is reduced or even dies due to drought due to untimely judgment. On the other hand, the rice field soil drying degree detection system of the present invention uses drones to carry out intelligent, accurate, fast and efficient remediation of drought areas, and can provide scientific guidance on the irrigation water volume and irrigation plan in drought areas, and implement accurate, fast and efficient rice field irrigation.

[0055] The drone is equipped with a high-frequency positioning module, and its positioning coordinates will be transmitted back to the controller in real time through the drone's built-in communication module using the 5G network, forming a coherent flight trajectory. When the controller determines that the rice fields in the planting area are dry, the calculation and analysis unit will associate the image confirming the drought with the position coordinates sent back by the drone through time parameters, and use specific time parameters to match the drone's position coordinates with the drought area of ​​the rice field, and draw a coordinate graph of the area that needs irrigation with the controller position as the zero point coordinate, determine the relative position relationship between the irrigation area and the controller, and this information will be transmitted to the display module.

[0056] The present invention provides a paddy field soil drying degree detection method of a paddy field soil drying degree detection system, comprising the following steps:

[0057] S1. Aircraft 1 collects images of the planting area above the planting area.

[0058] S2. The control module 41 of the controller 4 obtains an image of the planting area.

[0059] S3. The image recognition module 42 of the controller 4 recognizes the real-time leaf color values ​​of the multiple functional leaves on the top of each rice plant in the planting area image.

[0060] S4. The modeling module 43 of the controller 4 constructs a leaf color distribution model of the planting area based on the geographical location information and the real-time leaf color value of the planting area.

[0061] S5. The determination module 45 of the controller 4 compares the real-time leaf color value with the standard leaf color threshold value based on the leaf color distribution model to determine the drought area in the leaf color distribution model.

[0062] S6. The matching module 46 of the controller 4 matches the real-time leaf color value data in the drought area to a corresponding irrigation plan in the irrigation plan database based on the leaf color value database in the storage module of the controller 4.

[0063] S7. Based on the drought area and its corresponding irrigation scheme, the control module 41 controls the electric valve 3 corresponding to the drought area to release water to the drought area according to the irrigation scheme.

[0064] The paddy field soil drying degree detection system of the present invention captures the surface color of the functional leaves in the target paddy field area (pixels not more than 4.2 million pixels) during the main growth and development period of rice, including the tillering period, the jointing period, the panicle development period, and the filling period, through an image acquisition device (such as a high frame rate color camera (minimum pixel 5 million)), and uses an artificial intelligence image processing algorithm to extract the regional distribution model of the SPAD value or LCC value of the functional leaves, and compares it with the leaf color value database to accurately determine whether the paddy field in the planting area needs irrigation. If there are several small areas in the planting area where drought occurs, the device will compare the SPAD value or LCC value of the functional leaves of rice in the drought area with the irrigation scheme database through a machine learning algorithm to obtain the optimal irrigation scheme. Based on the optimal irrigation scheme, the controller controls the electric valve in the planting area to release water for irrigation, thereby improving the utilization rate of water resources for paddy field irrigation, ensuring the normal growth and development of rice, improving rice yield and quality, and being conducive to the development of water-saving agriculture and the implementation of high-yield and water-saving precise irrigation of rice.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solution formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A rice field soil drying degree detection system, characterized in that: include: An aircraft, wherein an image acquisition device is installed on the aircraft; The electric valve is provided in the rice field and has a plurality of planting areas, and the planting areas are provided with electric valves; A controller, comprising a control module, an image recognition module for identifying the real-time leaf color values ​​of multiple functional leaves at the top of each rice plant in the planting area image, a modeling module for constructing a leaf color distribution model of the planting area based on the geographical location information of the planting area and the real-time leaf color values, a storage module for storing a leaf color value database of the rice and an irrigation scheme database, a determination module for comparing the real-time leaf color value with a standard leaf color threshold based on the leaf color distribution model to determine a drought area in the leaf color distribution model, and a matching module for matching the real-time leaf color value data in the drought area to a corresponding irrigation scheme in the irrigation scheme database based on the leaf color value database, the control module is connected to the aircraft, the image acquisition device and the electric valve, the image recognition module and the storage module are respectively connected to the control module, the modeling module is connected to the image recognition module, the determination module is connected to the modeling module, and the matching module is connected to the control module, the storage module and the determination module; Based on the drought area and its corresponding irrigation scheme, the control module controls the electric valve corresponding to the drought area to release water for irrigation in the drought area according to the irrigation scheme.

2. The paddy field soil drying degree detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a display device, which is connected to the control module.

3. The paddy field soil drying degree detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image acquisition device is a high frame rate color camera.

4. The paddy field soil drying degree detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaf color value is a SPAD value or an LCC value.

5. The paddy field soil drying degree detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the functional blades is three.

6. The paddy field soil drying degree detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaf color value is a ratio of the leaf color value of the functional leaves on the top layer to the leaf color value of the functional leaves on the bottom layer.

7. The paddy field soil drying degree detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aircraft is a drone.

8. A method for detecting the dryness of paddy field soil of the paddy field soil dryness detection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The aircraft collects images of the planting area above the planting area; The control module of the controller acquires the planting area image; The image recognition module of the controller recognizes the real-time leaf color values ​​of multiple functional leaves on the top of each rice plant in the planting area image; The modeling module of the controller constructs a leaf color distribution model of the planting area based on the geographical location information of the planting area and the real-time leaf color value; The determination module of the controller compares the real-time leaf color value with a standard leaf color threshold value based on the leaf color distribution model to determine the drought area in the leaf color distribution model; The matching module of the controller matches the real-time leaf color value data in the drought area to a corresponding irrigation scheme in the irrigation scheme database based on the leaf color value database in the storage module of the controller; Based on the drought area and its corresponding irrigation scheme, the control module controls the electric valve corresponding to the drought area to release water for irrigation in the drought area according to the irrigation scheme.

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