Method for rapidly distinguishing Cinnamomum tamala and Cinnamomum chinense in field

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of field rapid distinguishing of camphor trees, in particular to a field rapid distinguishing method of Cinnamomum tamala and Cinnamomum chinense, which comprises the following steps: S1, collecting mature leaves at the top ends of half-year to one-year branches of tree species to be detected; s2, the leaves are continuously pressed to be flat, and a heating bag is used for baking the leaves for 5-30 minutes at the temperature of 150-200 DEG C; s3, if the whole baked leaf is flat and smooth, only the edge of the leaf has a little small-amplitude wavy change, and the interior and side pulse of the leaf surface do not protrude, determining that the to-be-detected tree species are Cinnamomum camphora; if the whole leaf surface of the baked leaf has a large number of bulges and the side vein bulges are obvious, the to-be-detected tree species are determined to be Cinnamomum camphora. The method provided by the invention can quickly distinguish the Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum chinense which are extremely easy to mix in the field, and improves the accuracy and working efficiency of field investigation; materials used in the method are low in price, easy to obtain and reusable, and the method is low in input cost, easy to operate, short in used time and high in operability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rapidly distinguishing camphor trees in the wild, in particular to a method for rapidly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild. Background Art

[0002] Cinnamomum chago BSSun & H.L.Zhao is an evergreen tall tree of the genus Cinnamomum in the Lauraceae family. The species was published as a new species by Chinese botanists Sun Bixing and Zhao Huilan in 1991; Cinnamomum huarum Y.Chai & Yuan Y.Li is also an evergreen tall tree of the genus Cinnamomum in the Lauraceae family. It was published as a new species by Li Yuanyuan et al. in 2024. Cinnamomum chago and Cinnamomum huarum are both distributed in the western part of Yunnan Province, and there is a certain overlap in their origins. From a morphological point of view, the leaf attachment mode, shape, size and smell of the two are highly similar, and it is difficult to distinguish them in the wild. Studies have shown that the main difference between the two lies in the shape of the fruit. The fruit of Cinnamomum chago is ovoid with a pointed tip, while the fruit of Cinnamomum chago is oblate with a flat or slightly concave tip. However, the two rarely bear fruit in the wild, so it is difficult to distinguish them by fruit morphology.

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for quickly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild, which can quickly distinguish Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild, and can provide assistance for field investigation and monitoring of the rare and endangered wild plant Cinnamomum camphora. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a method for quickly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora from Cinnamomum camphora in the wild.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a method for quickly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Collect mature leaves from the top of half-year to one-year-old branches of the tree species to be tested;

[0007] S2, continuously flattening the leaves, and baking them at 150-200° C. for 5-30 minutes, preferably 15-20 minutes, using a heating pack;

[0008] The purpose of flattening is to make both sides of the leaves fully contact with the box body, improve the efficiency of heat treatment, and the changes in the leaf surface of the flattened leaves after baking will be more intuitive.

[0009] S3. If the leaves after baking are flat and smooth as a whole, with only a few small wavy changes on the edges of the leaves, and the inside of the leaf surface and the lateral veins are not raised, then the tree species to be tested is determined to be Cinnamomum camphora; if the leaves after baking have a large number of protrusions on the whole leaf surface and the lateral veins are obviously raised, then the tree species to be tested is determined to be Cinnamomum camphora.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, the leaf blade surface as a whole has a large number of protrusions, specifically: the number of protrusions is greater than 30; the lateral vein protrusions are obvious, specifically: the lateral vein protrusions account for more than 70% of the total protrusions.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the heating pack is a food heating pack.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S2, the blades are continuously flattened and baked at 150-200°C for 15 to 20 minutes using a heating pack. The equipment structure used includes a box body, the top surface of the box body is a detachably connected sealing cover stage, a pressing cover for continuously flattening the blades is provided on the sealing cover stage, the pressing cover is provided with air holes, the heating pack is placed in the box body, and air leakage holes are provided on the side of the box body.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, sealing strips are provided on four sides of the top surface of the sealing cover stage, and the sealing cover stage is placed on the sealing strips.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, one side of the top surface of the box body is hinged to one end of the tablet pressing cover, and a buckle is provided at the opposite end of the tablet pressing cover and the relative position of the box body, and the tablet pressing cover and the sealing cover stage are connected by the buckle to continuously flatten the blades.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the method provided by the present invention can quickly distinguish between Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora, which are very easy to confuse, in the field, thereby improving the accuracy and work efficiency of field investigations; the materials used in the present invention are inexpensive, easy to obtain, and reusable, with low investment costs, simple operation, short time, and strong operability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The blade flattening and drying box provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 The leaves are baked in the leaf flattening drying oven using Example 1 of the present invention;

[0018] In the figure, 1-box; 2-heating pack; 3-blades; 4-sealing cover loading platform; 5-sealing strip; 6-air diffusion hole; 7-pressing cover; 8-buckle; 9-vent hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] See also Figure 1The present invention provides a leaf flattening and drying box, which can be used to dry the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild, so as to facilitate the rapid distinction between Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild. The equipment structure includes a box body 1, the top surface of the box body 1 is a detachably connected sealing cover stage 4, a sheet pressing cover 7 for continuously flattening the leaves is arranged on the sealing cover stage 4, and air dispersion holes 6 are arranged on the sheet pressing cover 7, a heating pack 2 is placed in the box body 1, a steam hole 9 is arranged on the back side of the box body, and a 1mm air leakage hole 9 is arranged on the side of the box body 1 for discharging the hot steam generated by the heating pack 2.

[0022] Preferably, four sides of the top surface of the sealing cover stage 4 are provided with sealing strips 5 , and the sealing cover stage 4 is placed on the sealing strips 5 , so that the sealing cover stage 4 is detachable.

[0023] Preferably, one side of the top surface of the box body 1 is hinged to one end of the tablet pressing cover 7, and a buckle 8 is provided at the opposite end of the tablet pressing cover 7 and the relative position of the box body 1, and the tablet pressing cover 7 and the sealing cover stage 4 are connected by connecting the buckle 8 to continuously flatten the blades.

[0024] Preferably, the box body 1 is made of metal, with dimensions of 25×20×15 cm in length, width and height, and 2-3 food-grade heating packs are placed in the box body to provide heat.

[0025] The specific operating steps for flattening and drying leaves using a leaf flattening and drying box are as follows: open the box lid (loading platform and pressing cover), put 2-3 food-grade heating packs into the bottom of the box, add cold water according to the requirements of the heating packs, cover the loading cover, and place 3-5 leaves collected from the field flat on the sealed cover loading platform 4, fasten the buckle 8 on the pressing cover 7 with the buckle 8 on the box 1, and bake for 15-20 minutes after the heating pack releases heat, then take out the leaves for use.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] The present invention provides a method for quickly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Leaf collection: Collect 3-5 mature leaves from the top of six-month to one-year-old branches of the tree species you need to distinguish in the wild, store them in a ziplock bag, and mark the collection location for later use.

[0029] Step 2: Blade pressing and baking treatment: Use a blade flattening and drying oven provided in Example 1 to press and bake the blades to be tested.

[0030] Step 3: Determine the shape of the roasted leaves. Figure 2If the leaves are flat and smooth as a whole after baking, with only a few small wavy changes on the edges of the leaves, and the inside of the leaf surface and the veins are not raised, then the tree species to be tested is determined to be Cinnamomum camphora; if the leaves have a large number of protrusions on the whole surface after baking, and the lateral veins are obviously protruded locally, then the tree species to be tested is determined to be Cinnamomum camphora.

[0031] The leaf blade surface as a whole has a large number of protrusions, specifically: the number of protrusions is greater than 30; the lateral vein protrusions are obvious, specifically: the lateral vein protrusions account for more than 70% of the total protrusions.

[0032] Experimental example

[0033] A total of 64 plants of the two species were collected in the wild, including 35 plants of Cinnamomum camphora with 350 leaves (including 175 old leaves) and 29 plants of Cinnamomum camphora with 290 leaves (including 145 old leaves). The leaves were roasted by the equipment and method provided in Example 1 and Example 2, and the experimental results are as follows:

[0034] Table 1 Statistical table of the number of leaf surface protrusions on the top leaves of the half-year to one-year-old branches of Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora after baking

[0035]

[0036] Table 2 Statistical table of the number of leaf surface protrusions on the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora that have matured for more than one year after baking

[0037]

[0038] As can be seen from the table above, using leaves from the top of branches that are half a year to one year old, after being baked by this method, the number of protrusions on the leaf surface of Cinnamomum camphora exceeds 30, especially the number of lateral vein protrusions accounts for 77.8% of the total number of protrusions, which can accurately distinguish between Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora. However, using mature leaves that are more than one year old, the number of protrusions on the leaf surface of Cinnamomum camphora is significantly reduced, with an average of only 1.6 protrusions per leaf, of which 0 protrusions account for 53.1%, and the number of lateral vein protrusions accounts for 21.6%, and the number of protrusions is far less than 30, making it impossible to distinguish the two tree species.

[0039] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quickly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Collect mature leaves from the top of half-year to one-year-old branches of the tree species to be tested; S2, continuously flattening the leaves, and baking them at 150-200° C. for 5-30 minutes using a heating pack; S3. If the leaves after baking are flat and smooth as a whole, with only a few small wavy changes on the edges of the leaves, and the inside of the leaf surface and the lateral veins are not raised, then the tree species to be tested is determined to be Cinnamomum camphora; if the leaves after baking have a large number of protrusions on the whole leaf surface and the lateral veins are obviously raised, then the tree species to be tested is determined to be Cinnamomum camphora.

2. A method for quickly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the leaf blade surface as a whole has a large number of protrusions, specifically: the number of protrusions is greater than 30; the lateral vein protrusions are obvious, specifically: the lateral vein protrusions account for more than 70% of the total protrusions.

3. A method for quickly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the heating pack is a food heating pack.

4. A method for quickly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora from Cinnamomum camphora in the wild according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the blades are continuously flattened and baked at a temperature of 150-200°C for 15 to 20 minutes using a heating pack. The equipment structure used includes a box (1), the top surface of the box (1) is a detachably connected sealing cover stage (4), the sealing cover stage (4) is provided with a tablet pressing cover (7) for continuously flattening the blades, the tablet pressing cover (7) is provided with air dispersion holes (6), the heating pack (2) is placed in the box (1), and the side of the box (1) is provided with air leakage holes (9).

5. A method for quickly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, sealing strips (5) are arranged on four sides of the top surface of the sealing cover stage (4), and the sealing cover stage (4) is placed on the sealing strips (5).

6. A method for quickly distinguishing Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum camphora in the wild according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, one side of the top surface of the box body (1) is hinged to one end of the tablet pressing cover (7), and a buckle (8) is provided at the opposite end of the tablet pressing cover (7) and the relative position of the box body (1). By connecting the buckle (8), the tablet pressing cover (7) and the sealing cover stage (4) can continuously flatten the blades.

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