Bay ecological environment protection monitoring method based on geographic information system

Abstract

The invention discloses a bay ecological environment protection monitoring method based on a geographic information system, and relates to the technical field of ecological environment protection monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: extracting geographic information data of a to-be-measured bay from a geographic information system; ecological environment data of the to-be-detected bay is obtained through monitoring, and whether the to-be-detected bay is abnormal or not is judged by combining geographic information data; if the to-be-detected bay is abnormal, extracting biological data, and evaluating the biological influence degree of the organism; environment factors influencing organisms are extracted according to the biological influence degree, historical governance data of the environment factors are obtained, and a governance scheme is generated through matching according to the historical governance data; the biological influence degree and the corresponding treatment scheme are sent to a user terminal, and a user is reminded to protect the gulf ecological environment; and if the to-be-detected bay is not abnormal, continuously monitoring, updating and storing the ecological environment data. The accuracy of bay ecological environment protection monitoring based on the geographic information system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological environment protection monitoring, and in particular to a bay ecological environment protection monitoring method based on a geographic information system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous increase of human activities, the ecological environment of the Gulf is facing tremendous pressure. Industrial emissions, agricultural pollution, overfishing and other behaviors have caused serious damage to the Gulf ecosystem. In order to meet this challenge, the protection and monitoring of the Gulf ecological environment have been strengthened to ensure the health and sustainable development of the Gulf ecosystem. In the monitoring process, how to judge whether the ecological environment of the Gulf is abnormal is still an unresolved problem, because the ecological environment of the Gulf in different regions has significant differences and complexity. If a unified monitoring standard is formulated, it will lead to the monitoring standards for different regions being too strict or too loose, and unable to accurately reflect the actual situation of the local Gulf ecological environment. Therefore, the current monitoring of the ecological environment protection of the Gulf does not take the actual situation into account well, resulting in inaccurate monitoring of the ecological environment protection of the Gulf. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bay ecological environment protection monitoring method based on a geographic information system to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] This application provides a bay ecological environment protection monitoring method based on a geographic information system, which adopts the following technical solutions: Determine the bay to be monitored and record it as the bay to be measured, and extract the geographic information data of the bay to be measured from the geographic information system; The ecological environment data of the bay to be tested is obtained through monitoring, and combined with the geographic information data, it is determined whether the bay to be tested is abnormal; If the bay to be tested is abnormal, biological data is extracted from the geographic information data, and the degree of impact on the organisms is evaluated based on the biological data and recorded as the biological impact degree; Extract environmental factors that affect organisms based on their impact, obtain historical governance data on environmental factors, and generate governance plans based on matching historical governance data; Send the biological impact and corresponding treatment plan to the user terminal to remind the user to protect the bay's ecological environment; If there is no abnormality in the bay to be tested, the ecological environment data will be stored, and the ecological environment data will be continuously monitored and updated.

[0005] Preferably, the step of obtaining the ecological environment data of the bay to be tested by monitoring and judging whether the bay to be tested is abnormal in combination with the geographic information data is specifically as follows: Extract the original ecological environment data of the bay to be tested according to the geographic information data and record it as original ecological data; Compare the similarity between the original ecological data and the ecological environment data to obtain the ecological similarity; Setting an ecological similarity standard to determine whether the ecological similarity reaches the ecological similarity standard, and if the ecological similarity reaches the ecological similarity standard, then it is determined that there is no abnormality in the bay; If the ecological similarity does not meet the ecological similarity standard, the changes in organisms will be statistically analyzed based on geographic information data, and whether the bay is abnormal will be determined based on the changes in organisms.

[0006] Preferably, the step of counting biological changes according to geographic information data and determining whether the bay is abnormal according to the biological changes is specifically: The appearance changes of organisms are obtained based on the geographic information data, and whether the organisms are deformed is determined based on the appearance changes; If the organism is deformed, the probability of the organism being deformed is counted and recorded as the deformation probability, and it is determined whether the deformation probability reaches a preset deformation probability threshold; If the preset distortion probability threshold is reached, the bay is judged to be abnormal; If the preset distortion probability threshold is not reached, the number change of biological species is obtained based on geographic information data, and whether the number of biological species has decreased is determined based on the number change; If the number of species decreases, the bay is judged to be abnormal. If the number of species does not decrease, the geographic information data is used to determine whether there is a decrease in the number of species. If the number of organisms decreases, the bay is judged to be abnormal. If the number of organisms does not decrease, the bay is judged to be normal.

[0007] Preferably, if the bay to be tested is abnormal, the biological data is extracted from the geographic information data, and the degree of impact on the organisms is evaluated based on the biological data and recorded as the biological impact degree, specifically, the step of: Based on the biological data, the existing organisms in the bay's ecological environment are extracted to obtain the standard ecological environment of the existing organisms; The real-time ecological environment is obtained based on the ecological environment data, and the degree of environmental interference to existing organisms is obtained based on the standard ecological environment and the real-time ecological environment and recorded as the biological interference degree; The degree of concern for existing organisms is extracted based on geographic information data and recorded as biological concern; Assess the importance of existing organisms in the Bay ecosystem and record their biological importance; The impact degree of existing organisms is obtained by combining the biological disturbance degree, biological attention degree and biological importance degree and recorded as the basic impact degree; Add up the basic impacts of all existing organisms to get the biological impact of the bay's ecological environment.

[0008] Preferably, the step of obtaining the degree of interference of the environment to existing organisms according to the standard ecological environment and the real-time ecological environment and recording it as the biological interference degree is specifically: Calculate the difference between different environmental factors in the standard ecological environment and the real-time ecological environment and record it as the environmental difference; According to the biological habits of existing organisms, the sensitivity of organisms to different environmental factors is obtained; Multiply the environmental difference by the corresponding sensitivity to obtain the factor interference degree; The factor interference degrees of all environmental factors are added together to obtain the biological interference degree of existing organisms.

[0009] Preferably, the step of extracting the degree of concern for existing organisms based on geographic information data and recording it as the degree of concern for the organisms is specifically as follows: Determine whether the existing organism is a protected species. If the existing organism is a protected species, obtain the protection level; According to the preset protection level-biological concern table, the corresponding biological concern is obtained; If the existing species are not protected species, determine whether humans will harvest the existing species; If humans catch existing organisms, obtain the frequency and quantity of fishing, calculate the ratio of the number of fishing to the total number of existing organisms and record it as the fishing ratio; The biological catch of existing organisms is calculated based on the fishing frequency and fishing proportion; Obtain the biological viewing degree of existing organisms, and combine it with the biological catch degree to obtain the biological attention degree of existing organisms; If humans do not fish existing organisms, the biological viewing value of existing organisms will be used as the biological attention value.

[0010] Preferably, the step of obtaining the biological appreciation degree of existing organisms is specifically as follows: Obtain media views of existing creatures and count the frequency of appearance of existing creatures in tourists’ photos; The viewing scale factors of the media browsing volume and the frequency of occurrence are set respectively, and the biological viewing degree of the existing organisms is calculated according to the viewing scale factors.

[0011] Preferably, the step of evaluating the importance of existing organisms in the bay ecosystem and recording the importance of organisms is specifically: Obtain the bay food web corresponding to the bay ecosystem, evaluate the importance of the existing organisms in the bay food web based on the bay food web and record it as the food web importance; Obtain the impact range of existing organisms on the ecological environment, with positive impact ranges as positive numbers and negative impact ranges as negative numbers; The total impact range of the existing organisms is obtained by multiplying the total number of existing organisms and the corresponding impact range and recorded as the biological range; The important proportional factors of food web importance and biological range were set separately, and the biological importance was calculated based on the important proportional factors.

[0012] Preferably, the step of obtaining the bay food web corresponding to the bay ecosystem, evaluating the importance of existing organisms in the bay food web based on the bay food web and recording the importance of the food web is specifically: Obtain the bay food web corresponding to the bay ecosystem, and extract the trophic levels corresponding to the existing organisms based on the bay food web; According to the preset trophic level-biological importance table, the corresponding biological importance is found and recorded as the basic importance; Find organisms that are related to existing organisms based on the Gulf food web and record them as related organisms; Count the number of species of related organisms, and count the number of organisms corresponding to the related organisms, and combine the number of species and the number of organisms to obtain the biological correlation degree; The food web importance of existing organisms is obtained by combining basic importance, biotic relatedness and the total number of existing organisms.

[0013] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The ecological environment data of the bay to be tested is obtained by monitoring, and the geographic information data extracted from the geographic information system of the bay to be tested is combined to determine whether the bay to be tested is abnormal. If the bay to be tested is abnormal, biological data is extracted from the geographic information data to evaluate the degree of impact on the organisms, so as to match the corresponding governance plan and remind users to deal with it in time to protect the ecological environment of the bay. By analyzing the degree of impact of the bay on organisms and evaluating the ecological environment of the bay, it is conducive to obtaining more accurate results, which are more in line with the actual situation, and improve the accuracy of bay ecological environment protection monitoring based on the geographic information system.

[0014] 2. Evaluate the biological impact of the Bay ecological environment on organisms based on the degree of interference caused by the ecological environment to organisms, the degree of concern for organisms, and the importance of organisms in the Bay ecosystem. Comprehensively evaluate the biological impact from all aspects of the organisms, so as to achieve biological protection in the Bay ecological environment protection monitoring, which is more in line with the actual geographical conditions and improves the practicality of the Bay ecological environment protection monitoring based on the geographic information system.

[0015] 3. Determine whether the existing organisms are protected species, and give different methods for confirming the biological attention for the two results. If the existing organisms are not protected species, the biological attention of the existing organisms is confirmed based on the fishing degree of the existing organisms, the biological viewing degree obtained by combining the media views of the existing organisms and the frequency of appearance of the existing organisms in tourists' photos. This realizes the specific analysis of specific problems, considers the multi-faceted nature of the problems, and improves the comprehensiveness of the bay ecological environment protection monitoring based on the geographic information system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of specific steps of an embodiment of a bay ecological environment protection monitoring method based on a geographic information system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Below is a combination of the embodiments and Figure 1 The present invention is further described in detail, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0018] The present invention discloses a bay ecological environment protection monitoring method based on a geographic information system, which specifically comprises the following steps: Step S1, determine the bay to be monitored and record it as the bay to be measured, and extract the geographic information data of the bay to be measured from the geographic information system.

[0019] Geographic Information System is a technology for analyzing and processing massive spatial data. It includes various basic and advanced functions for processing spatial or geographic information. Some information in the GIS mainly comes from satellite remote sensing and aerial remote sensing, including multi-platform, multi-level, multi-sensor, multi-temporal, multi-spectral, multi-angle and multi-resolution remote sensing image data, which is one of the most effective data sources for the GIS. The information covered by the GIS is very extensive, including not only the coordinates of the geographic location, but also various attribute information related to the geographic location.

[0020] Step S2, monitoring and obtaining ecological environment data of the bay to be measured, and combining the geographic information data to determine whether the bay to be measured is abnormal.

[0021] Step S3: if the bay to be tested is abnormal, biological data is extracted from the geographic information data, and the degree of impact on the organisms is evaluated based on the biological data and recorded as the biological impact degree.

[0022] Step S4, extracting environmental factors that affect organisms according to the biological impact, obtaining historical governance data of environmental factors, and generating governance plans based on matching of historical governance data.

[0023] There are many environmental factors that affect organisms, such as the pH value in water quality, solid waste, etc., and the biological impact can be used to determine which environmental factors affect the organism, thereby generating a corresponding governance plan. For example, the pH value required for the standard living environment of organism A is 7, while the actual pH value is 3, so the pH value is adjusted according to the historical method of adjusting the pH value of the bay. At the same time, the biological impact can reflect whether the ecological environment of the bay is good. When the biological impact exceeds the preset impact threshold, the ecological environment of the bay needs to be governed. When the biological impact is low, it means that the ecological environment of the bay is good.

[0024] Step S5, sending the biological impact degree and the corresponding treatment plan to the user terminal to remind the user to protect the bay ecological environment.

[0025] Step S6: If there is no abnormality in the bay to be tested, the ecological environment data is stored, and the ecological environment data is continuously monitored and updated.

[0026] In actual use, the standards for judging whether the ecological environment of the bay is good are not consistent in different locations. The purpose of the bay ecological environment protection monitoring is to protect the bay and some organisms in the bay. Different bays have different organisms to protect, so the monitoring results are also different in the bay ecological environment protection monitoring. Preliminary judgment is made whether the bay is abnormal, so as to determine whether to combine the analysis with the organisms in the bay to obtain more specific monitoring results. Preliminary judgment can effectively reduce unnecessary data analysis, reduce the burden of data processing, and give monitoring results more quickly. To judge whether the bay is abnormal, it is judged at intervals of a period of time, and the interval time is set by the user.

[0027] The steps of monitoring and obtaining the ecological environment data of the bay to be tested and combining the geographic information data to determine whether the bay to be tested is abnormal are as follows: Step S21, extracting the original ecological environment data of the bay to be measured according to the geographic information data and recording it as the original ecological data.

[0028] The original ecological environment data refers to the ecological environment data obtained from the last interval monitoring. For example, if the user sets a monthly judgment and analysis, then when judging whether the bay is abnormal on December 5, the ecological environment data on November 5 will be retrieved as the original ecological data. Because the ecological environment data is continuously updated. If the user sets the analysis once a week, the ecological environment data on November 28 will be used as the original ecological data. If the ecological environment needs to be governed, the environmental data after governance will be used as the original ecological data.

[0029] Step S22, comparing the similarity between the original ecological data and the ecological environment data to obtain ecological similarity.

[0030] Ecological and environmental data include data on climate, temperature and humidity, water quality, etc.

[0031] Step S23, setting an ecological similarity standard, and determining whether the ecological similarity reaches the ecological similarity standard. If the ecological similarity reaches the ecological similarity standard, it is determined that there is no abnormality in the bay.

[0032] Step S24: if the ecological similarity does not reach the ecological similarity standard, the biological changes are counted according to the geographic information data, and whether the bay is abnormal is determined according to the biological changes.

[0033] In actual application, if the ecological similarity reaches the ecological similarity standard, it means that the ecological environment of the bay has not changed much and the ecological environment of the bay is healthy, so no further analysis is needed. When the bay is monitored for the first time, since there is no data for comparison, an analysis is needed for the first time to confirm whether the ecological environment of the bay is good. If the ecological environment of the bay is good for the first time and the ecological similarity is high, it means that there is little change and the ecological environment of the bay is still good. If the ecological environment of the bay is not good for the first time, it needs to be governed in time, and the data after governance is used as the original ecological data. If the ecological similarity does not reach the ecosystem similarity standard, it means that the ecological environment of the bay has changed, and whether it is a good change or a bad change, further confirmation is needed.

[0034] The steps to count the changes of organisms based on geographic information data and determine whether the bay is abnormal based on the changes of organisms are as follows: Step S241, extracting the appearance change of the organism based on the geographic information data, and judging whether the organism is deformed based on the appearance change.

[0035] The appearance of organisms is basically fixed, and whether an organism has been deformed can be determined based on the similarity of their appearance.

[0036] Step S242: If the organism is deformed, the probability of the organism being deformed is counted and recorded as the deformation probability, and it is determined whether the deformation probability reaches a preset deformation probability threshold.

[0037] The probability of distortion is the ratio of the number of distortions to the total number of organisms.

[0038] Step S243: If the preset distortion probability threshold is reached, it is determined that the bay is abnormal.

[0039] The deformation of organisms may be caused by environmental pollution or genetic mutation, but if large-scale deformation occurs, it means that the ecological environment of the bay has deteriorated.

[0040] Step S244: If the preset distortion probability threshold is not reached, the change in the number of biological species is obtained according to the geographic information data, and it is determined whether the number of biological species has decreased according to the change in the number.

[0041] Step S245: if the number of species decreases, it is determined that the bay is abnormal; if the number of species does not decrease, it is determined whether the number of species decreases based on the geographic information data.

[0042] Step S246: if the number of organisms decreases, it is determined that the bay is abnormal; if the number of organisms does not decrease, it is determined that the bay is normal.

[0043] In actual application, a poor bay ecological environment is likely to cause biological death. When the number of biological deaths increases and the total number of organisms decreases, it is likely caused by the bay ecological environment. Therefore, it is considered that the bay ecological environment is abnormal. In order to reduce the aggravation of the degree of pollution of the bay ecological environment caused by negligence in monitoring, it is necessary to further analyze the anomalies of the bay, which can not only reduce negligence, but also obtain more accurate and specific bay ecological environment data. When the number of biological species decreases, it means that some organisms cannot adapt to the environment and die or leave. When the number of biological species decreases, it means that the organisms may die or leave due to the influence of the ecological environment.

[0044] If the bay to be tested is abnormal, biological data is extracted from the geographic information data, and the degree of impact on the organisms is evaluated based on the biological data and recorded as the biological impact degree. Specifically, the steps are as follows: Step S31, extracting the existing organisms in the bay ecological environment based on the biological data, and obtaining the standard ecological environment of the existing organisms.

[0045] Different bay organisms have their own adapted ecological environment, in which bay organisms can grow more healthily and safely.

[0046] Step S32, extracting the real-time ecological environment based on the ecological environment data, and obtaining the degree of interference of the environment to the existing organisms based on the standard ecological environment and the real-time ecological environment and recording it as the biological interference degree.

[0047] Step S33, extracting the degree of attention to the existing organisms based on the geographic information data and recording it as the degree of attention to the organisms.

[0048] Step S34, assessing the importance of existing organisms in the bay ecosystem and recording it as biological importance.

[0049] Step S35, combining the biological interference degree, biological attention degree and biological importance degree to obtain the impact degree of the existing organisms and record it as the basic impact degree.

[0050] The proportional factors of biological disturbance degree, biological attention degree and biological importance degree are set respectively, and the basic impact degree is calculated according to the proportional factors.

[0051] Step S36, superimposing the basic impacts of all existing organisms to obtain the biological impact of the bay ecological environment.

[0052] In actual application, the deterioration of the bay's ecological environment is bound to have a certain degree of impact on organisms, and the degree of impact on organisms needs to be specifically analyzed based on geographic information. Even if the same pollution situation is in different geographical environments, the degree of impact on organisms is different. First, the species of organisms in different bays are different. Secondly, the objects of protection that different bays pay more attention to are also different. Finally, the role of different organisms in the bay is also different, so specific problems need to be analyzed specifically. For example, there are protected animals in Bay A, and there are no protected animals in Bay B. For the same pollution situation, the biological impact on Bay A is obviously higher, so the situation is more urgent and the ecological environment of the bay needs to be adjusted more timely. Because the number of protected animals is small, if it is reduced again due to pollution, it is likely to lead to extinction, and the losses will be greater. And the biological impact can clearly reflect whether the ecological environment of the bay is good. When the biological impact is smaller, it means that the ecological environment of the bay is better, and organisms can grow healthily. When the biological impact is greater, it means that the ecological environment of the bay needs to be governed in time to reduce the death and deformation of organisms.

[0053] The steps of obtaining the degree of environmental interference to existing organisms according to the standard ecological environment and the real-time ecological environment and recording it as the biological interference degree are as follows: Step S321, calculating the difference between different environmental factors in the standard ecological environment and the real-time ecological environment and recording it as the environmental difference.

[0054] Step S322, obtaining the sensitivity of the organisms to different environmental factors according to the biological habits of the existing organisms.

[0055] By controlling the variable method, adjusting the range of different environmental factors, observing the mortality rate of organisms under different environmental factors, and obtaining the sensitivity of environmental factors.

[0056] Step S323: multiply the environmental difference by the corresponding sensitivity to obtain the factor interference degree.

[0057] Step S324, the factor interference degrees of all environmental factors are added together to obtain the biological interference degree of existing organisms.

[0058] In actual application, when the ecological environment of the bay changes, it is bound to cause interference to organisms, and different organisms have different needs for the environment. Some organisms need a better pH value, some need better water quality, etc., so different organisms have different sensitivities to environmental factors. Environmental factors include but are not limited to temperature and humidity, water quality, and garbage. According to the environmental interference to different organisms, the interference of the entire bay ecological environment to all organisms is obtained by summing them up. For example, if the ecological environment of the bay is only a rise in temperature, then the degree of interference caused by the bay to organisms only needs to count the organisms that are sensitive to temperature, and some organisms that are not sensitive to temperature are not affected by temperature.

[0059] The steps of extracting the degree of concern for existing organisms based on geographic information data and recording it as the degree of concern for organisms are as follows: Step S331, determine whether the existing creature is a protected creature, and if the existing creature is a protected creature, obtain the protection level.

[0060] Step S332: Look up the corresponding biological attention level according to the preset protection level-biological attention level table.

[0061] Whether the impact on organisms is serious or not also needs to consider the biological attention. Protected organisms are more precious and receive more attention, so it is necessary to obtain the biological attention in order to judge the degree of impact on the organisms. For example, the Chinese sturgeon is a first-class protected animal, while the wrasse is not a protected animal. So for the same water pollution, the biological impact of the Chinese sturgeon is higher because the damage to the Chinese sturgeon will cause greater losses. The higher the protection level, the higher the biological attention.

[0062] Step S333: if the existing creatures are not protected creatures, determine whether humans will catch the existing creatures.

[0063] Step S334, if humans catch existing organisms, obtain the frequency and quantity of fishing, calculate the ratio of the number of fishing to the total number of existing organisms and record it as the fishing ratio.

[0064] Step S335, calculating the biological catch degree of existing organisms according to the fishing frequency and the fishing proportion.

[0065] The proportional factors of fishing frequency and fishing proportion are set respectively, and the biological catch degree is calculated according to the proportional factors.

[0066] Step S336, obtaining the biological viewing degree of the existing organisms, and combining the biological catch degree to obtain the biological attention degree of the existing organisms.

[0067] The proportional factors of biological viewing degree and biological catch degree are set respectively, and the biological attention degree of existing organisms is calculated according to the proportional factors.

[0068] Step S337: If humans do not catch existing organisms, the biological viewing degree of the existing organisms is used as the biological attention degree.

[0069] In actual application, the biological attention of non-protected organisms is evaluated from the perspective of consumption and appreciation. If humans catch the organism, it means that the organism will be eaten. If the organism is disturbed, it will further disturb humans and cause greater losses. For example, fish A is not eaten by humans, but fish B is caught and eaten by humans. In the case of water pollution, fish B will be eaten by humans, which will affect human health. Therefore, the impact is greater and the biological impact of fish B is greater. In the case of water pollution, if the toxins can be eliminated by itself, then the bay of fish A can be left alone and let fish A eliminate them by itself. However, the bay of fish B needs to be dealt with in a timely manner to reduce the harm to human health. The biological impact is not only affected by the actual ecological environment interference, but also by the attention of the organism.

[0070] The steps to obtain the biological appreciation of existing organisms are as follows: Step S3361, obtaining the media views of existing creatures, and counting the appearance frequency of existing creatures in tourists' photos.

[0071] Step S3362, respectively setting viewing ratio factors of media browsing volume and appearance frequency, and calculating the biological viewing degree of the existing biological organism according to the viewing ratio factors.

[0072] In actual use, although some organisms are not protected or eaten, they are used for viewing and will also receive great attention and bring some economic benefits. For example, the "blue tears" phenomenon will appear in some bays. The blue tears phenomenon is the fluorescence emitted by plankton such as Noctiluca or fireflies when they are disturbed. These organisms will reproduce in large numbers under specific environmental conditions to form a blue tears landscape. Blue tears also have formation conditions, which require a specific temperature and nutrients. So when temperature changes do not affect other organisms, but affect blue tears, it does not mean that the biological impact is low, because blue tears are ornamental and will attract many tourists to drive the local economy. Therefore, it is very important for the local area to protect blue tears. Even if the biological impact of other organisms is not great, the biological impact of plankton such as Noctiluca or fireflies in the blue tears phenomenon is greater. The greater the media views and the higher the frequency of appearance in tourists' photos, it means that the organism has received more attention and needs more protection.

[0073] The steps to assess the importance of existing organisms in the Bay ecosystem and record their biological importance are: Step S341, obtaining the bay food web corresponding to the bay ecosystem, evaluating the importance of existing organisms in the bay food web based on the bay food web and recording it as the food web importance.

[0074] Step S342, obtaining the impact range of existing organisms on the ecological environment, where the positive impact range is a positive number and the negative impact range is a negative number.

[0075] The organisms in the bay play different roles in the bay's ecological environment. Some bay organisms can have a positive impact on the bay's ecological environment, while some bay organisms have a negative impact. For example, seagrass beds are extremely productive ecosystems in the bay, which can fix sediments, reduce eutrophication of water bodies, and provide food and shelter for fish, shellfish, etc. Improve water quality, enhance the bay's self-purification capacity, and support the sustainable development of fishery resources. In some bays, due to excess nutrients, some algae will over-reproduce and form algal blooms. This will block sunlight from entering the water and affect the photosynthesis of underwater plants. At the same time, it consumes oxygen in the water, causing fish and other aquatic organisms to suffocate and die. It also produces toxic substances, posing a threat to human health and the ecological environment. ‌ Step S343, the total influence range of the existing organisms is obtained by multiplying the total number of existing organisms and the corresponding influence range and recorded as the organism range.

[0076] But the impact range of different organisms is different. For example, each square meter of seagrass bed may have a positive impact on the water quality within 5 square meters around it. So if there are 100 square meters of seagrass beds, the impact range is 500 square meters.

[0077] Step S344, respectively set the importance scale factors of the food web importance and the biological range, and calculate the biological importance based on the important scale factors.

[0078] In actual application, when the organisms are more important in the bay, the consequences of interference with the organisms will be more serious, and therefore the biological impact will be greater. Of course, if the organisms have a negative impact on the bay, the biological range will be negative and the biological importance will be lower. The interference and subsequent death of such organisms is actually a good thing for the ecological environment of the bay. Therefore, the impact of such organisms after being disturbed is very low and no management is required.

[0079] The steps to obtain the bay food web corresponding to the bay ecosystem, evaluate the importance of existing organisms in the bay food web based on the bay food web and record it as the food web importance are as follows: Step S3411, obtaining the bay food web corresponding to the bay ecosystem, and extracting the trophic levels corresponding to the existing organisms according to the bay food web.

[0080] The position of organisms in a food chain or food web reflects their role in energy flow and material circulation. Some species are at the top of a food chain or food web. They have a high status in the food chain and play an important role in regulating energy flow and material circulation. These species usually occupy important ecological niches. When such organisms disappear or their number changes, it will lead to instability in the food web and affect the ecology of the bay.

[0081] Step S3412, according to the preset trophic level-biological importance table, the corresponding biological importance is searched and recorded as the basic importance.

[0082] Different trophic levels have different regulatory functions and play different roles in energy flow and material circulation. Therefore, their effects on the stability of the food web are different, and their importance to the food web is different.

[0083] Step S3413, searching for organisms that are associated with existing organisms based on the bay food web and recording them as associated organisms.

[0084] Step S3414, counting the number of species of associated organisms, and counting the number of organisms corresponding to the associated organisms, and combining the number of species and the number of organisms to obtain the biological association degree.

[0085] There are complex interactions between organisms in a food web. The importance of an organism depends not only on its trophic level, but also on its position in the food web and its interactions with other species. The proportional factors of the number of species and the number of organisms are set respectively, and the degree of biological association is calculated based on the proportional factors.

[0086] Step S3415, combining the basic importance, biological association and the total number of existing organisms to obtain the food web importance of existing organisms.

[0087] In actual application, the basic importance, biological correlation and proportional factors of the total number of existing organisms are set respectively, and the importance of the food web is calculated according to the proportional factors. The higher the correlation between organisms and other organisms, the greater the indirect impact when the organisms are disturbed. The larger the original total number of a certain organism, the more significant the impact of the organism on the food web is usually. Because the number is huge, once it changes, a large number of organisms will change, which will cause more instability in the food web. The importance of organisms also plays an important role in the biological impact. The more important the role of organisms in the bay's ecological environment, the more serious the consequences of the interference caused by the bay's ecological environment, and the greater the loss. Therefore, by evaluating the biological impact from multiple aspects, it can be judged whether the bay's ecological environment needs to be adjusted, so as to better protect the bay's organisms and improve the effect of the bay's ecological environment protection monitoring.

[0088] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bay ecological environment protection monitoring method based on geographic information system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the bay to be monitored and record it as the bay to be measured, and extract the geographic information data of the bay to be measured from the geographic information system; The ecological environment data of the bay to be tested is obtained through monitoring, and combined with the geographic information data, it is determined whether the bay to be tested is abnormal; If the bay to be tested is abnormal, biological data is extracted from the geographic information data, and the degree of impact on the organisms is evaluated based on the biological data and recorded as the biological impact degree; Extract environmental factors that affect organisms based on their impact, obtain historical governance data on environmental factors, and generate governance plans based on matching historical governance data; Send the biological impact and corresponding treatment plan to the user terminal to remind the user to protect the bay's ecological environment; If there is no abnormality in the bay to be tested, the ecological environment data will be stored and continuously monitored and updated; The steps of obtaining the ecological environment data of the bay to be tested by monitoring and judging whether the bay to be tested is abnormal in combination with the geographic information data are specifically as follows: Extract the original ecological environment data of the bay to be tested according to the geographic information data and record it as original ecological data; Compare the similarity between the original ecological data and the ecological environment data to obtain the ecological similarity; Setting an ecological similarity standard to determine whether the ecological similarity reaches the ecological similarity standard, and if the ecological similarity reaches the ecological similarity standard, then it is determined that there is no abnormality in the bay; If the ecological similarity does not meet the ecological similarity standard, the changes in organisms will be counted based on geographic information data, and whether the bay is abnormal will be determined based on the changes in organisms; The steps of counting biological changes according to geographic information data and determining whether the bay is abnormal according to the biological changes are specifically as follows: The appearance changes of organisms are obtained based on the geographic information data, and whether the organisms are deformed is determined based on the appearance changes; If the organism is deformed, the probability of the organism being deformed is counted and recorded as the deformation probability, and it is determined whether the deformation probability reaches a preset deformation probability threshold; If the preset distortion probability threshold is reached, the bay is judged to be abnormal; If the preset distortion probability threshold is not reached, the number change of biological species is obtained based on geographic information data, and whether the number of biological species has decreased is determined based on the number change; If the number of species decreases, the bay is judged to be abnormal. If the number of species does not decrease, the geographic information data is used to determine whether there is a decrease in the number of species. If the number of organisms decreases, the bay is judged to be abnormal. If the number of organisms does not decrease, the bay is judged to be normal.

2. The method for monitoring the protection of the bay ecological environment based on a geographic information system according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the bay to be tested is abnormal, biological data is extracted from the geographic information data, and the degree of impact on the organisms is evaluated based on the biological data and recorded as the biological impact degree, specifically, the steps are: Based on the biological data, the existing organisms in the bay's ecological environment are extracted to obtain the standard ecological environment of the existing organisms; The real-time ecological environment is obtained based on the ecological environment data, and the degree of environmental interference to existing organisms is obtained based on the standard ecological environment and the real-time ecological environment and recorded as the biological interference degree; The degree of concern for existing organisms is extracted based on geographic information data and recorded as biological concern; Assess the importance of existing organisms in the Bay ecosystem and record their biological importance; The impact degree of existing organisms is obtained by combining the biological disturbance degree, biological attention degree and biological importance degree and recorded as the basic impact degree; Add up the basic impacts of all existing organisms to get the biological impact of the bay's ecological environment.

3. The method for monitoring the protection of the bay ecological environment based on a geographic information system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining the degree of interference of the environment to the existing organisms according to the standard ecological environment and the real-time ecological environment and recording it as the biological interference degree is specifically as follows: Calculate the difference between different environmental factors in the standard ecological environment and the real-time ecological environment and record it as the environmental difference; According to the biological habits of existing organisms, the sensitivity of organisms to different environmental factors is obtained; Multiply the environmental difference by the corresponding sensitivity to obtain the factor interference degree; The factor interference degrees of all environmental factors are added together to obtain the biological interference degree of existing organisms.

4. The method for monitoring the protection of the bay ecological environment based on a geographic information system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step of extracting the degree of concern for existing organisms based on geographic information data and recording it as the degree of concern for organisms is specifically as follows: Determine whether the existing organism is a protected species. If the existing organism is a protected species, obtain the protection level; According to the preset protection level-biological concern table, the corresponding biological concern is obtained; If the existing species are not protected species, determine whether humans will harvest the existing species; If humans catch existing organisms, obtain the frequency and quantity of fishing, calculate the ratio of the number of fishing to the total number of existing organisms and record it as the fishing ratio; The biological catch of existing organisms is calculated based on the fishing frequency and fishing proportion; Obtain the biological viewing degree of existing organisms, and combine it with the biological catch degree to obtain the biological attention degree of existing organisms; If humans do not fish existing organisms, the biological viewing value of existing organisms will be used as the biological attention value.

5. The method for monitoring the protection of the bay ecological environment based on a geographic information system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining the biological appreciation degree of the existing biological organisms is specifically as follows: Obtain media views of existing creatures and count the frequency of appearance of existing creatures in tourists’ photos; The viewing scale factors of the media browsing volume and the frequency of occurrence are set respectively, and the biological viewing degree of the existing organisms is calculated according to the viewing scale factors.

6. The method for monitoring the protection of the bay ecological environment based on a geographic information system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The steps for assessing the importance of existing organisms in the bay ecosystem and recording them as biological importance are as follows: Obtain the bay food web corresponding to the bay ecosystem, evaluate the importance of the existing organisms in the bay food web based on the bay food web and record it as the food web importance; Obtain the impact range of existing organisms on the ecological environment, with positive impact ranges as positive numbers and negative impact ranges as negative numbers; The total impact range of the existing organisms is obtained by multiplying the total number of existing organisms and the corresponding impact range and recorded as the biological range; The important proportional factors of food web importance and biological range were set separately, and the biological importance was calculated based on the important proportional factors.

7. The method for monitoring the protection of the bay ecological environment based on a geographic information system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The steps of obtaining the bay food web corresponding to the bay ecosystem, evaluating the importance of existing organisms in the bay food web based on the bay food web and recording the importance of the food web are specifically as follows: Obtain the bay food web corresponding to the bay ecosystem, and extract the trophic levels corresponding to the existing organisms based on the bay food web; According to the preset trophic level-biological importance table, the corresponding biological importance is found and recorded as the basic importance; Find organisms that are related to existing organisms based on the Gulf food web and record them as related organisms; Count the number of species of related organisms, and count the number of organisms corresponding to the related organisms, and combine the number of species and the number of organisms to obtain the biological correlation degree; The food web importance of existing organisms is obtained by combining basic importance, biotic relatedness and the total number of existing organisms.

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