Intelligent regulation and control irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent regulation and control irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system. The system comprises a water measuring monitoring module which is responsible for automatic real-time monitoring of water level and flow in the whole process of water diversion, water delivery, water distribution, water diversion points and demarcation points; the soil moisture content monitoring module is responsible for collecting and analyzing soil volumetric water content and soil temperature data; the agricultural meteorological monitoring module is responsible for monitoring meteorological elements of the irrigation area; the irrigation management module is responsible for formulating an irrigation plan and a water distribution scheme, predicting a future irrigation demand and adjusting the irrigation plan in advance according to a prediction result; according to the agricultural meteorological monitoring system, through the soil moisture content monitoring module and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module, the soil moisture content, the soil temperature, the air temperature, the air pressure, the relative humidity and other meteorological elements can be collected and analyzed in real time, appropriate irrigation conditions are provided for crops, and the situation that crop growth is blocked due to excessive irrigation or insufficient irrigation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anti-salinization, and in particular to an intelligent system for controlling the ecological water level of an irrigation area to prevent salinization. Background Art

[0002] Soil salinization is an undesirable phenomenon in which salt accumulates on the surface due to water evaporation, thus affecting soil fertility and crop growth. Excessive salt in salinized soil will destroy the soil aggregate structure, reduce the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, and thus affect the root growth and nutrient absorption of crops. In addition, salinization will also lead to a decrease in the number of microorganisms in the soil, affecting the ecological balance of the soil. In the long run, salinized soil will lead to a decrease in crop yields and even cause land abandonment. By intelligently regulating the water level in the irrigation area, water resources can be managed more effectively and the occurrence of salinization can be reduced.

[0003] In irrigation areas, unreasonable irrigation methods, such as excessive irrigation and poor irrigation water quality, may aggravate the problem of soil salinization. In addition, the soil conditions and topography of irrigation areas vary greatly, which may lead to different soil absorption, retention and conduction capabilities of water. The differences in soil conditions and topography lead to inaccurate irrigation strategies, which in turn affect crop growth and yield. Therefore, an intelligent control system for ecological water level prevention in irrigation areas is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, that is, the differences in soil conditions and terrain lead to inaccurate irrigation strategies, which in turn affect the growth and yield of crops, and to propose an intelligent irrigation area ecological water level prevention and salinization system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system, comprising:

[0007] Water measurement monitoring module: responsible for automatic real-time monitoring of water level and flow in the whole process of water diversion, water transmission, water distribution, water diversion points and demarcation points, providing data support for irrigation management module, water resource scheduling module and engineering management module to achieve optimal allocation of water resources;

[0008] Water and rainfall monitoring module: responsible for remote automatic collection and fixed-point capture of the entire process of water and rainfall conditions, real-time recording of the dynamic changes of rivers, reservoirs, and channels, and providing auxiliary basis for decision-making on water demand and water inflow in the irrigation area;

[0009] Gate monitoring module: responsible for remote control and management of changes in channel inlet gates, regulating gates or head gates of key branch canals and water sources. According to the instructions issued by the irrigation management module and the water resources scheduling module, the gate opening is adjusted to make the channel flow or water level reach the target value;

[0010] Video monitoring module: responsible for transmitting the real-time video and data of the monitored site to the management center. The management center can understand and grasp the actual situation of the monitored site in real time through the video monitoring system, and make responses and processing;

[0011] Soil moisture monitoring module: responsible for collecting and analyzing soil volumetric water content and soil temperature data, providing a scientific basis for the informatization of agricultural irrigation in the irrigation area, ensuring that crops are produced in a good environment, achieving the effect of improving quality and increasing production, and saving water resources;

[0012] Agricultural meteorological monitoring module: responsible for monitoring the temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, rainfall, light, soil temperature and humidity and other meteorological elements in the irrigation area, realizing all-weather monitoring of the microclimate of farmland in the irrigation area, and providing system data support for the irrigation area information platform;

[0013] Irrigation management module: responsible for formulating irrigation plans and water allocation plans, predicting future irrigation needs, and adjusting irrigation plans in advance based on the forecast results;

[0014] Water resource scheduling module: responsible for evaluating the water resource status of the irrigation area and optimizing the scheduling of water resources;

[0015] Project management module: responsible for monitoring the operation status of water conservancy projects;

[0016] The irrigation management module receives monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module. The real-time data collected by the water quantity monitoring module is the basis for the irrigation management module to formulate irrigation plans and allocate irrigation water. The water and rainfall data provided by the water and rainfall monitoring module are important references for the irrigation management module to formulate irrigation strategies. These data are helpful in predicting future irrigation needs. The soil volume water content and soil temperature data collected by the soil moisture monitoring module are important bases for the irrigation management module to formulate precise irrigation strategies. The water resource scheduling module receives monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module. The real-time data collected by the water quantity monitoring module is used by the water resource scheduling module to evaluate the water resource status of the irrigation area and optimize the scheduling of water resources. The water resource scheduling module uses the water and rainfall data to evaluate the water demand and water inflow of the irrigation area, so as to make more reasonable scheduling decisions. The soil moisture content collected by the soil moisture monitoring module is an important basis for the irrigation management module to formulate precise irrigation strategies. Data such as volumetric moisture content and soil temperature are used to evaluate the growth status and water demand of crops, thereby optimizing the scheduling strategy of the water resource scheduling module. The video monitoring module adjusts the monitoring focus according to the water and rainfall data provided by the water and rainfall monitoring module, especially under extreme weather conditions such as rainstorms or floods. The gate monitoring module adjusts the opening of the gate to control the flow or water level of the channel according to the instructions of the irrigation management module and the water resource scheduling module. The video monitoring module transmits the video and data of the monitored site to the management center in real time. These data provide intuitive on-site information for the irrigation management module, the water resource scheduling module and the engineering management module. The irrigation plan and water allocation plan formulated by the irrigation management module will be transmitted to the water resource scheduling module, and the scheduling strategy formulated by the water resource scheduling module will be transmitted to the irrigation management module so that the latter can adjust the irrigation plan according to the strategy. The engineering management module feeds back the operation status and maintenance needs of the water conservancy project to the irrigation management module and the water resource scheduling module so that the latter can consider these factors when formulating irrigation plans and scheduling strategies.

[0017] The above technical solution further includes:

[0018] Furthermore, the gate monitoring module includes a control center, a gate execution unit, a gate state monitoring unit, a data transmission unit and a power management unit. The control center is responsible for receiving instructions from the irrigation management module and the water resource scheduling module, and sending adjustment instructions to the gate execution unit. The control center receives real-time monitoring data from the gate state monitoring unit. The gate execution unit is responsible for receiving the gate adjustment instructions sent by the control center, controlling the opening of the gate, and realizing the adjustment of the channel flow or water level. The gate execution unit feeds back the gate adjustment state to the control center. The gate state monitoring unit monitors the gate opening, position and other state information in real time, monitors the flow, water level and other parameters of the channel where the gate is located, and the gate state monitoring unit transmits the monitoring data to the control center in real time. The data transmission unit is responsible for data transmission between the control center and each unit. The power management unit provides a stable power supply for the gate monitoring module, monitors the power supply status, and ensures that appropriate measures are taken in the event of a power failure. The engineering management module provides the control center with maintenance records and fault information of the gate. The control center formulates a maintenance plan based on the maintenance records and fault information or sends a fault handling instruction to the engineering management module.

[0019] Furthermore, the video surveillance module includes a front-end acquisition unit, a signal transmission unit and a management center unit. The front-end acquisition unit mainly includes a security monitoring camera and related equipment, which is responsible for acquiring video signals, images, voice, alarms and status information. The signal transmission unit is responsible for transmitting the audio and video signals, control signals and status signals collected by the front end to the management center. The transmission methods include analog transmission (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, microwave) and digital transmission (such as TCP / IP network, twisted pair, wireless network). The management center unit includes a monitoring center server, storage device, display device, etc., which is responsible for receiving, processing, storing and displaying video and data information from the front-end acquisition unit.

[0020] Furthermore, the irrigation management module includes a data receiving unit, a data processing and analysis unit, and an irrigation plan formulation unit. The data receiving unit is responsible for receiving the monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module, and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module in real time. The data receiving unit accepts the scheduling strategy formulated by the water resources scheduling module. The data processing and analysis unit includes a data processing subunit and a data analysis subunit. The data processing subunit is responsible for data cleaning, integration and storage. The data analysis subunit performs analysis and decision support based on the processed data. The irrigation plan formulation unit formulates an irrigation plan according to the data analysis results and controls the irrigation equipment to execute the plan. The irrigation plan formulation unit includes an irrigation plan formulation subunit and an irrigation equipment control subunit. The irrigation equipment control subunit converts the irrigation plan into a control instruction and transmits it to the gate monitoring module. The data receiving unit transmits the real-time received data to the data processing and analysis unit, and the data processing and analysis unit transmits the analysis results to the irrigation plan formulation and execution unit.

[0021] Furthermore, the water resource scheduling module includes a data receiving unit, a data processing and analysis unit, a water resource assessment and optimization scheduling unit, and a gate and pump station control unit. The data receiving unit is responsible for receiving the monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module, and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module in real time, monitoring the water quality, and ensuring the safety of irrigation water. The data receiving unit receives the irrigation plan and water allocation plan formulated by the water irrigation management module. The data processing and analysis unit is responsible for cleaning, integrating and storing the collected data, conducting in-depth analysis of the data, and exploring the utilization rules and potential problems of water resources. The water resource assessment and optimization scheduling unit evaluates the water resource status in the irrigation area based on the results of the data processing and analysis unit, and formulates a reasonable water resource scheduling strategy in combination with the irrigation plan and water allocation plan. The irrigation plan formulation unit includes an irrigation plan formulation subunit and an irrigation equipment control subunit. The gate and pump station control unit is responsible for controlling the opening of the gate and the operation of the pump station, and adjusting the speed and amount of water entering the irrigation area according to the water resource scheduling strategy.

[0022] Furthermore, the engineering management module includes a data receiving unit, a data processing and analysis unit, an early warning and alarm unit, a maintenance and scheduling unit and a user interface unit. The data receiving unit is responsible for receiving the monitoring data provided by the water volume monitoring module, the gate monitoring module and the video monitoring module in real time. The data types include gate opening, pump station operation status, water flow rate, water level, etc. The data processing and analysis unit receives the data transmitted by the data receiving unit, cleans, converts and stores the data, and runs an algorithm to analyze the operation status and performance of the facility. The early warning and alarm unit determines whether it is necessary to trigger an early warning or alarm based on the results of the data analysis unit, and notifies relevant personnel through sound, light, text message, email, etc. The maintenance and scheduling unit generates a maintenance plan and scheduling instructions based on the data analysis results and early warning / alarm information. The user interface unit provides a graphical user interface to display real-time monitoring data, analysis results, early warning / alarm information and maintenance plans, allowing users to input instructions and view historical data and reports.

[0023] Furthermore, the data analysis subunit performs analysis and decision support based on the processed data, specifically in the following steps:

[0024] Data integration: Integrate data from different sources into a unified database or data warehouse for subsequent analysis;

[0025] Crop water requirement model: Select an appropriate crop water requirement model based on factors such as crop type, growth stage, and climatic conditions. The crop water requirement model formula is: daily crop water requirement = crop transpiration + soil evaporation - effective rainfall, where crop transpiration and soil evaporation are estimated based on crop physiological characteristics and environmental conditions, and effective rainfall refers to rainfall absorbed and utilized by crops;

[0026] Soil moisture balance model: Considering soil type, soil structure, rainfall, irrigation, evaporation and other factors, a soil moisture balance model is constructed to predict the change of soil moisture. The soil moisture balance model formula is ΔW=P+IETRD, where ΔW represents the change of soil moisture, P represents rainfall, I represents irrigation, E represents soil evaporation, T represents plant transpiration, R represents surface runoff, and D represents deep soil infiltration;

[0027] Data analysis: Conduct in-depth analysis of the collected data to extract useful information;

[0028] Decision support: Based on the data analysis results, provide decision support for irrigation plan formulation, such as determining the actual water requirement of crops, predicting soil moisture conditions, etc.

[0029] Furthermore, the water resource assessment and optimization scheduling unit assesses the water resource status in the irrigation area based on the results of the data processing and analysis unit, and combines the irrigation plan and the water allocation plan. The specific steps are as follows:

[0030] Data Collection:

[0031] Real-time data: including rainfall, evaporation, irrigation volume, soil moisture, crop growth status, etc. in the irrigation area;

[0032] Historical data: including rainfall, irrigation, crop yields, water resource utilization, etc. in the past few years;

[0033] Data Analysis:

[0034] Use statistical methods to analyze historical data to understand the changing patterns and trends of water resources in irrigation areas;

[0035] Assess the current water resource status in the irrigation area, including water quantity, quality and availability, based on real-time data;

[0036] Irrigation Planning:

[0037] Formulate irrigation plans based on crop growth cycles, growth conditions and water requirements, taking into account water resource conditions and the capacity of irrigation facilities within the irrigation area to ensure the feasibility and effectiveness of the irrigation plans;

[0038] Demand Forecast:

[0039] Use linear regression to predict future irrigation demand based on historical and real-time data, taking into account the impact of climate change, crop type and growth conditions on irrigation demand;

[0040] Strategy Development:

[0041] According to the irrigation plan and demand forecast, formulate a reasonable water resource scheduling strategy, consider the water resource allocation in the irrigation area, the scheduling of irrigation facilities and the arrangement of irrigation time, and use genetic algorithms to optimize the scheduling strategy to ensure the effective use of water resources and the growth needs of crops;

[0042] Dynamic Adjustment:

[0043] Based on real-time data and irrigation effects, the irrigation water volume is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the irrigation water volume can meet the growth needs and water balance of crops.

[0044] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. In the present invention, by real-time monitoring and regulation of the water level and flow in the irrigation area, it is possible to ensure that the water level in the channel and farmland is maintained within an appropriate range, thereby effectively preventing salinization caused by excessively high or low water levels, which is of great significance for protecting farmland soil quality, increasing crop yields and ensuring sustainable agricultural development.

[0046] 2. In the present invention, the water resource scheduling module uses the real-time collected water level, flow, water condition, rainfall and other data, as well as the irrigation plan and demand forecast provided by the irrigation management module, to formulate a reasonable water resource scheduling strategy, which aims to ensure that the water resources in the irrigation area are fully utilized while avoiding waste and pollution. The water resource scheduling module can also dynamically adjust the irrigation water volume according to the growth status and water demand of the crops and the actual water resource status of the irrigation area to achieve optimal allocation of water resources.

[0047] 3. In the present invention, through the soil moisture monitoring module and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module, the soil moisture content, soil temperature, air temperature, air pressure, relative humidity and other meteorological elements can be collected and analyzed in real time to provide suitable irrigation conditions for crops. This precise irrigation method not only meets the water needs of crops, but also avoids the growth of crops caused by excessive or insufficient irrigation, thereby improving the yield and quality of crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of an intelligent irrigation area ecological water level prevention and salinization system proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is an intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system, comprising:

[0051] Water measurement monitoring module: responsible for automatic real-time monitoring of water level and flow in the whole process of water diversion, water transmission, water distribution, water diversion points and demarcation points, providing data support for irrigation management module, water resource scheduling module and engineering management module to achieve optimal allocation of water resources;

[0052] Water and rainfall monitoring module: responsible for remote automatic collection and fixed-point capture of the entire process of water and rainfall conditions, real-time recording of the dynamic changes of rivers, reservoirs, and channels, and providing auxiliary basis for decision-making on water demand and water inflow in the irrigation area;

[0053] Gate monitoring module: responsible for remote control and management of changes in channel inlet gates, regulating gates or head gates of key branch canals and water sources. According to the instructions issued by the irrigation management module and the water resources scheduling module, the gate opening is adjusted to make the channel flow or water level reach the target value;

[0054] Video monitoring module: responsible for transmitting the real-time video and data of the monitored site to the management center. The management center can understand and grasp the actual situation of the monitored site in real time through the video monitoring system, and make responses and processing;

[0055] Soil moisture monitoring module: responsible for collecting and analyzing soil volumetric water content and soil temperature data, providing a scientific basis for the informatization of agricultural irrigation in the irrigation area, ensuring that crops are produced in a good environment, achieving the effect of improving quality and increasing production, and saving water resources;

[0056] Agricultural meteorological monitoring module: responsible for monitoring the temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, rainfall, light, soil temperature and humidity and other meteorological elements in the irrigation area, realizing all-weather monitoring of the microclimate of farmland in the irrigation area, and providing system data support for the irrigation area information platform;

[0057] Irrigation management module: responsible for formulating irrigation plans and water allocation plans, predicting future irrigation needs, and adjusting irrigation plans in advance based on the forecast results;

[0058] Water resource scheduling module: responsible for evaluating the water resource status of the irrigation area and optimizing the scheduling of water resources;

[0059] Project management module: responsible for monitoring the operation status of water conservancy projects;

[0060] The irrigation management module receives the monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module. The real-time data collected by the water quantity monitoring module is the basis for the irrigation management module to formulate irrigation plans and allocate irrigation water. The water and rainfall data provided by the water and rainfall monitoring module are important references for the irrigation management module to formulate irrigation strategies. These data help predict future irrigation needs. The soil volume moisture content and soil temperature data collected by the soil moisture monitoring module are important bases for the irrigation management module to formulate precise irrigation strategies. The water resources scheduling module receives the monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module. The real-time data collected by the water quantity monitoring module is used by the water resources scheduling module to evaluate the water resources status of the irrigation area and optimize the water resources scheduling. The water resources scheduling module uses the water and rainfall data to evaluate the water demand and water inflow of the irrigation area, so as to make more reasonable scheduling decisions. The soil volume moisture content and soil temperature data collected by the soil moisture monitoring module are important bases for the irrigation management module to formulate precise irrigation strategies. Data such as moisture content and soil temperature are used to assess crop growth and water demand, thereby optimizing the scheduling strategy of the water resource scheduling module. The video monitoring module adjusts the monitoring focus based on the water and rainfall data provided by the water and rainfall monitoring module, especially under extreme weather conditions such as heavy rain or floods. The gate monitoring module adjusts the gate opening to control the flow or water level of the channel according to the instructions of the irrigation management module and the water resource scheduling module. The video monitoring module transmits the video and data of the monitored site to the management center in real time. These data provide intuitive on-site information for the irrigation management module, the water resource scheduling module and the engineering management module. The irrigation plan and water allocation plan formulated by the irrigation management module will be transmitted to the water resource scheduling module, and the scheduling strategy formulated by the water resource scheduling module will be transmitted to the irrigation management module so that the latter can adjust the irrigation plan according to the strategy. The engineering management module feeds back the operation status and maintenance needs of the water conservancy project to the irrigation management module and the water resource scheduling module so that the latter can consider these factors when formulating irrigation plans and scheduling strategies.

[0061] The working principle of the intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system proposed in the present invention is that the sensor of the perception layer collects the water level, flow, soil moisture and other data of the irrigation area in real time, and the data layer organizes, stores and analyzes these data to form a comprehensive understanding of the water resource status of the irrigation area;

[0062] The irrigation management module formulates an irrigation plan based on the data analysis results, combined with the water demand of crops and soil conditions. The plan includes irrigation time, water volume, irrigation method, etc. to ensure that crops get the right amount of water;

[0063] The water resource scheduling module optimizes the scheduling of water resources according to the water resource status of the irrigation area and the irrigation plan. It realizes the rational allocation and utilization of water resources by adjusting the gate opening and pump station operation. The automatic control technology uses automatic control equipment and intelligent algorithms to realize accurate control and optimized operation of the irrigation system. According to real-time data and analysis results, it automatically adjusts parameters such as irrigation water volume and gate opening to meet the water needs of different crops and growth stages.

[0064] Precisely control the amount of irrigation water and irrigation time to avoid soil salinization caused by excessive irrigation. At the same time, combine soil moisture monitoring and agricultural meteorological monitoring data to adjust irrigation strategies in a timely manner to ensure that soil moisture is appropriate and prevent salinization.

[0065] According to changes in crop growth and soil conditions, irrigation parameters and modes are continuously adjusted to adapt to different environments and crop needs.

[0066] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned gate monitoring module, the gate monitoring module includes a control center, a gate execution unit, a gate state monitoring unit, a data transmission unit and a power management unit. The control center is responsible for receiving instructions from the irrigation management module and the water resource scheduling module, and sending adjustment instructions to the gate execution unit. The control center receives real-time monitoring data from the gate state monitoring unit. The gate execution unit is responsible for receiving the gate adjustment instructions sent by the control center, controlling the opening of the gate, and realizing the adjustment of the channel flow or water level. The gate execution unit feeds back the gate adjustment state to the control center. The gate state monitoring unit monitors the gate opening, position and other state information in real time, monitors the flow, water level and other parameters of the channel where the gate is located, and the gate state monitoring unit transmits the monitoring data to the control center in real time. The data transmission unit is responsible for data transmission between the control center and each unit. The power management unit provides a stable power supply for the gate monitoring module, monitors the power supply status, and ensures that appropriate measures are taken in case of power failure. The engineering management module provides the control center with the maintenance records and fault information of the gate. The control center formulates a maintenance plan based on the maintenance records and fault information or sends a fault handling instruction to the engineering management module.

[0067] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned video surveillance module, the video surveillance module includes a front-end acquisition unit, a signal transmission unit and a management center unit. The front-end acquisition unit mainly includes a security monitoring camera and related equipment, which is responsible for acquiring video signals, images, voice, alarms and status information. The signal transmission unit is responsible for transmitting the audio and video signals, control signals and status signals collected by the front end to the management center. The transmission methods include analog transmission (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, microwave) and digital transmission (such as TCP / IP network, twisted pair, wireless network). The management center unit includes a monitoring center server, storage device, display device, etc., which is responsible for receiving, processing, storing and displaying video and data information from the front-end acquisition unit.

[0068] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned irrigation management module, the irrigation management module includes a data receiving unit, a data processing and analysis unit, and an irrigation plan formulation unit. The data receiving unit is responsible for receiving the monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module, and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module in real time. The data receiving unit accepts the scheduling strategy formulated by the water resources scheduling module. The data processing and analysis unit includes a data processing subunit and a data analysis subunit. The data processing subunit is responsible for data cleaning, integration and storage. The data analysis subunit performs analysis and decision support based on the processed data. The irrigation plan formulation unit formulates an irrigation plan according to the data analysis results and controls the irrigation equipment to execute the plan. The irrigation plan formulation unit includes an irrigation plan formulation subunit and an irrigation equipment control subunit. The irrigation equipment control subunit converts the irrigation plan into a control instruction and transmits it to the gate monitoring module. The data receiving unit transmits the real-time received data to the data processing and analysis unit. The data processing and analysis unit transmits the analysis results to the irrigation plan formulation and execution unit.

[0069] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned water resource scheduling module, the water resource scheduling module includes a data receiving unit, a data processing and analysis unit, a water resource assessment and optimization scheduling unit, and a gate and pump station control unit. The data receiving unit is responsible for receiving the monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module, and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module in real time, monitoring the water quality, and ensuring the safety of irrigation water. The data receiving unit receives the irrigation plan and water allocation plan formulated by the water irrigation management module. The data processing and analysis unit is responsible for cleaning, integrating and storing the collected data, conducting in-depth analysis of the data, and mining the utilization rules and potential problems of water resources. The water resource assessment and optimization scheduling unit evaluates the water resource status in the irrigation area based on the results of the data processing and analysis unit, and formulates a reasonable water resource scheduling strategy in combination with the irrigation plan and water allocation plan. The irrigation plan formulation unit includes an irrigation plan formulation subunit and an irrigation equipment control subunit. The gate and pump station control unit is responsible for controlling the opening of the gate and the operation of the pump station, and adjusting the speed and amount of water entering the irrigation area according to the water resource scheduling strategy.

[0070] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned engineering management module, the engineering management module includes a data receiving unit, a data processing and analysis unit, an early warning and alarm unit, a maintenance and scheduling unit and a user interface unit. The data receiving unit is responsible for receiving the monitoring data provided by the water volume monitoring module, the gate monitoring module and the video monitoring module in real time. The data types include gate opening, pump station operation status, water flow rate, water level, etc. The data processing and analysis unit receives the data transmitted by the data receiving unit, cleans, converts and stores the data, and runs the algorithm to analyze the operation status and performance of the facility. The early warning and alarm unit determines whether it is necessary to trigger an early warning or alarm based on the results of the data analysis unit, and notifies relevant personnel through sound, light, text message, email, etc. The maintenance and scheduling unit generates a maintenance plan and scheduling instructions based on the data analysis results and early warning / alarm information. The user interface unit provides a graphical user interface to display real-time monitoring data, analysis results, early warning / alarm information and maintenance plans, allowing users to enter instructions and view historical data and reports.

[0071] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned data analysis subunit, the data analysis subunit performs analysis and decision support based on the processed data, specifically in the following steps:

[0072] Data integration: Integrate data from different sources into a unified database or data warehouse for subsequent analysis;

[0073] Crop water requirement model: Select an appropriate crop water requirement model based on factors such as crop type, growth stage, and climatic conditions. The formula for the crop water requirement model is: daily crop water requirement = crop transpiration + soil evaporation - effective rainfall. Crop transpiration and soil evaporation are estimated based on crop physiological characteristics and environmental conditions, and effective rainfall refers to rainfall absorbed and utilized by crops.

[0074] Soil moisture balance model: Considering soil type, soil structure, rainfall, irrigation, evaporation and other factors, a soil moisture balance model is constructed to predict the change of soil moisture. The soil moisture balance model formula is ΔW = P + IETRD, where ΔW represents the change of soil moisture, P represents rainfall, I represents irrigation, E represents soil evaporation, T represents plant transpiration, R represents surface runoff, and D represents deep soil infiltration;

[0075] Assuming that the rainfall on a certain day is 0 mm, the crop water requirement is 4 mm / day, the irrigation amount is unknown, and the surface runoff and deep soil infiltration can be ignored, the soil water balance equation is:

[0076] ΔS=0+I-4

[0077] If soil moisture balance is to be maintained (i.e. ΔS = 0), the irrigation rate I should be 4 mm / day;

[0078] Data analysis: Conduct in-depth analysis of the collected data to extract useful information;

[0079] Decision support: Based on the data analysis results, provide decision support for irrigation plan formulation, such as determining the actual water requirement of crops, predicting soil moisture conditions, etc.;

[0080] For example, if the crop water requirement is 4mm / day and the current soil moisture is low and supplementary irrigation is needed, the irrigation plan can be set to irrigate 4mm of water per day, and the irrigation method can be drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation.

[0081] In one embodiment, for the water resource assessment and optimization scheduling unit, the water resource assessment and optimization scheduling unit assesses the water resource status in the irrigation area based on the results of the data processing and analysis unit, and combines the irrigation plan and the water allocation plan, and the specific steps are:

[0082] Data Collection:

[0083] Real-time data: including rainfall, evaporation, irrigation volume, soil moisture, crop growth status, etc. in the irrigation area;

[0084] Historical data: including rainfall, irrigation, crop yields, water resource utilization, etc. in the past few years;

[0085] Data Analysis:

[0086] Use statistical methods to analyze historical data to understand the changing patterns and trends of water resources in irrigation areas;

[0087] Assess the current water resource status in the irrigation area, including water quantity, quality and availability, based on real-time data;

[0088] Irrigation Planning:

[0089] Formulate irrigation plans based on crop growth cycles, growth conditions and water requirements, taking into account water resource conditions and the capacity of irrigation facilities within the irrigation area to ensure the feasibility and effectiveness of the irrigation plans;

[0090] Demand Forecast:

[0091] Use linear regression to predict future irrigation demand based on historical and real-time data, taking into account the impact of climate change, crop type and growth conditions on irrigation demand;

[0092] Strategy Development:

[0093] According to the irrigation plan and demand forecast, formulate a reasonable water resource scheduling strategy, consider the water resource allocation in the irrigation area, the scheduling of irrigation facilities and the arrangement of irrigation time, and use genetic algorithms to optimize the scheduling strategy to ensure the effective use of water resources and the growth needs of crops;

[0094] Dynamic Adjustment:

[0095] Dynamically adjust the irrigation water volume based on real-time data and irrigation effects to ensure that the irrigation water volume can meet the growth needs of crops and the water balance;

[0096] Linear regression was used to predict future irrigation needs based on historical and real-time data. The forecast results showed that both wheat and corn had high irrigation needs and needed to be increased.

[0097] Based on the irrigation demand and water balance, a water resource scheduling strategy is formulated, with priority given to wheat irrigation because it is in the filling period and has a higher demand for water. Corn is irrigated in an appropriate amount to meet its growth needs. The scheduling strategy is optimized using genetic algorithms to ensure the effective use of water resources and the growth needs of crops.

[0098] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system, characterized in that: include: Water measurement monitoring module: responsible for automatic real-time monitoring of water level and flow in the whole process of water diversion, water transmission, water distribution, water diversion points and demarcation points; Water and rainfall monitoring module: responsible for remote automatic collection and fixed-point capture of the entire process of water and rainfall conditions, and real-time recording of the dynamic changes of rivers, reservoirs, and channels; Gate monitoring module: responsible for remote control and management of changes in channel inlet gates, regulating gates or head gates of key branch canals and water sources; Video monitoring module: responsible for transmitting real-time video and data of the monitored site to the management center; Soil moisture monitoring module: responsible for collecting and analyzing soil volume moisture content and soil temperature data; Agricultural meteorological monitoring module: responsible for monitoring meteorological elements in irrigation areas; Irrigation management module: responsible for formulating irrigation plans and water allocation plans, predicting future irrigation needs, and adjusting irrigation plans in advance based on the forecast results; Water resource scheduling module: responsible for evaluating the water resource status of the irrigation area and optimizing the scheduling of water resources; Project management module: responsible for monitoring the operation status of water conservancy projects; The irrigation management module receives monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module; the water resources scheduling module receives monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module; the video monitoring module adjusts the monitoring focus according to the water and rainfall data provided by the water and rainfall monitoring module; the gate monitoring module adjusts the opening of the gate to control the flow or water level of the channel according to the instructions of the irrigation management module and the water resources scheduling module; the irrigation plan and water allocation plan formulated by the irrigation management module will be transmitted to the water resources scheduling module; the scheduling strategy formulated by the water resources scheduling module will be transmitted to the irrigation management module; the project management module will feedback the operation status and maintenance requirements of the water conservancy project to the irrigation management module and the water resources scheduling module.

2. The intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gate monitoring module includes a control center, a gate execution unit, a gate state monitoring unit, a data transmission unit and a power management unit. The control center is responsible for receiving instructions from the irrigation management module and the water resource scheduling module, and sending adjustment instructions to the gate execution unit. The control center receives real-time monitoring data from the gate state monitoring unit. The gate execution unit is responsible for receiving the gate adjustment instructions sent by the control center, controlling the opening of the gate, and realizing the adjustment of the channel flow or water level. The gate execution unit feeds back the gate adjustment state to the control center. The gate state monitoring unit monitors the state information of the gate in real time and monitors the parameters of the channel where the gate is located. The gate state monitoring unit transmits the monitoring data to the control center in real time. The data transmission unit is responsible for data transmission between the control center and each unit. The power management unit provides a stable power supply for the gate monitoring module and monitors the power supply state. The engineering management module provides the control center with the maintenance records and fault information of the gate. The control center formulates a maintenance plan based on the maintenance records and fault information or sends a fault handling instruction to the engineering management module.

3. The intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The video surveillance module includes a front-end acquisition unit, a signal transmission unit and a management center unit. The front-end acquisition unit is responsible for acquiring video signals, images, voice, alarms and status information. The signal transmission unit is responsible for transmitting the audio and video signals, control signals and status signals collected by the front end to the management center. The management center unit is responsible for receiving, processing, storing and displaying video and data information from the front-end acquisition unit.

4. The intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The irrigation management module includes a data receiving unit, a data processing and analysis unit, and an irrigation plan formulation unit. The data receiving unit is responsible for receiving the monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module, and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module in real time. The data receiving unit accepts the scheduling strategy formulated by the water resource scheduling module. The data processing and analysis unit includes a data processing subunit and a data analysis subunit. The data processing subunit is responsible for data cleaning, integration and storage. The data analysis subunit performs analysis and decision support based on the processed data. The irrigation plan formulation unit formulates an irrigation plan according to the data analysis results and controls the irrigation equipment to execute the plan. The irrigation plan formulation unit includes an irrigation plan formulation subunit and an irrigation equipment control subunit. The irrigation equipment control subunit converts the irrigation plan into a control instruction and transmits it to the gate monitoring module. The data receiving unit transmits the real-time received data to the data processing and analysis unit, and the data processing and analysis unit transmits the analysis results to the irrigation plan formulation and execution unit.

5. The intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water resource scheduling module includes a data receiving unit, a data processing and analysis unit, a water resource assessment and optimization scheduling unit, and a gate and pump station control unit. The data receiving unit is responsible for receiving the monitoring data provided by the water quantity monitoring module, the water and rainfall monitoring module, the soil moisture monitoring module, and the agricultural meteorological monitoring module in real time. The data receiving unit receives the irrigation plan and water allocation plan formulated by the water irrigation management module. The data processing and analysis unit is responsible for cleaning, integrating and storing the collected data, conducting in-depth analysis of the data, and exploring the utilization rules and potential problems of water resources. The water resource assessment and optimization scheduling unit evaluates the water resource status in the irrigation area based on the results of the data processing and analysis unit, and formulates a reasonable water resource scheduling strategy in combination with the irrigation plan and water allocation plan. The irrigation plan formulation unit includes an irrigation plan formulation subunit and an irrigation equipment control subunit. The gate and pump station control unit is responsible for controlling the opening of the gate and the operation of the pump station, and adjusting the speed and amount of water entering the irrigation area according to the water resource scheduling strategy.

6. The intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The engineering management module includes a data receiving unit, a data processing and analysis unit, an early warning and alarm unit, a maintenance and scheduling unit and a user interface unit. The data receiving unit is responsible for receiving the monitoring data provided by the water volume monitoring module, the gate monitoring module and the video monitoring module in real time. The data processing and analysis unit receives the data transmitted by the data receiving unit, cleans, converts and stores the data, and analyzes the operating status and performance of the facilities. The early warning and alarm unit determines whether it is necessary to trigger an early warning or alarm based on the results of the data analysis unit. The maintenance and scheduling unit generates a maintenance plan and scheduling instructions based on the data analysis results and the early warning / alarm information. The user interface unit provides a graphical user interface to display real-time monitoring data, analysis results, early warning / alarm information and maintenance plans, allowing users to input instructions and view historical data and reports.

7. The intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The data analysis subunit performs analysis and decision support based on the processed data, specifically in the following steps: Data integration: Integrate data from different sources into a unified database or data warehouse for subsequent analysis; Crop water requirement model: Select an appropriate crop water requirement model based on factors such as crop type, growth stage, and climatic conditions. The crop water requirement model formula is: daily crop water requirement = crop transpiration + soil evaporation - effective rainfall, where crop transpiration and soil evaporation are estimated based on crop physiological characteristics and environmental conditions, and effective rainfall refers to rainfall absorbed and utilized by crops; Soil moisture balance model: Considering soil type, soil structure, rainfall, irrigation, evaporation and other factors, a soil moisture balance model is constructed to predict the change of soil moisture. The soil moisture balance model formula is ΔW=P+IETRD, where ΔW represents the change of soil moisture, P represents rainfall, I represents irrigation, E represents soil evaporation, T represents plant transpiration, R represents surface runoff, and D represents deep soil infiltration; Data analysis: Conduct in-depth analysis of the collected data to extract useful information; Decision support: Provide decision support for irrigation plan formulation based on data analysis results.

8. The intelligent irrigation area ecological water level anti-salinization system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water resource assessment and optimization scheduling unit assesses the water resource status in the irrigation area based on the results of the data processing and analysis unit, and combines the irrigation plan and water allocation plan. The specific steps are as follows: Irrigation Planning: Formulate irrigation plans based on crop growth cycles, growth conditions and water requirements, taking into account water resource conditions within the irrigation area and the capacity of irrigation facilities; Demand Forecast: Use linear regression to predict future irrigation demand based on historical and real-time data, taking into account the impact of climate change, crop type and growth conditions on irrigation demand; Strategy Development: According to the irrigation plan and demand forecast, formulate a reasonable water resource scheduling strategy, consider the water resource allocation in the irrigation area, the scheduling of irrigation facilities and the arrangement of irrigation time, and use genetic algorithms to optimize the scheduling strategy; Dynamic Adjustment: The irrigation water volume is dynamically adjusted based on real-time data and irrigation effects.

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