Yellow risk grade refining method and system suitable for tunnel engineering

Abstract

The invention relates to a yellow risk grade refining method and system suitable for tunnel engineering, and belongs to the technical field of underground engineering. The method comprises the steps of collecting related data of evaluation of a tunnel according to an existing safety risk evaluation method; establishing a yellow risk occurrence possibility questionnaire table, and performing investigation and statistics on the risk occurrence possibility of the yellow risk event by adopting an expert investigation method; establishing a risk level sublevel matrix of tunnel yellow risk events, and refining the yellow risk into three sublevels; determining a risk prevention and control measure making method of each sublevel risk by combining anti-risk plan measures established by design and construction; and carrying out risk level subdivision on the tunnel yellow risk events, refining risk prevention and control measures on the tunnel yellow risk according to sublevels, and applying the risk prevention and control measures to tunnel engineering implementation. Through the method, tunnel engineering implementation can be guided more clearly, tunnel construction safety is guaranteed, and engineering investment can be expected to be saved by more than 30%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering, and in particular relates to a yellow risk level refinement method and system applicable to tunnel engineering. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country's infrastructure construction has rapidly expanded. Underground projects such as tunneling and coal mining have expanded into more challenging mountainous areas, challenging deeper burials and larger structures. These challenges have led to more complex geological conditions and more challenging construction conditions, leading to increasingly prominent operational safety risks. To strengthen the prevention and control of tunnel engineering safety risks and enhance the ability to identify and prevent construction safety risks, safety risk assessments are now required for long and complex tunnels.

[0003] Currently, the "Guidelines for Addressing Both the Symptoms and the Root Causes of Major Accidents" require that safety risks be divided into four levels: red, orange, yellow, and blue, with red being the highest level of safety risk. For risk events in tunnel projects, the characteristics and requirements corresponding to the four color levels are generally as follows:

[0004] (1) Red: represents a major risk with many risk factors and great difficulty in control; effective response measures must be taken to reduce the risk level to orange or below; if the cost of the response measures exceeds the affordability of the project legal person (owner), the plan must be changed or the project execution must be abandoned.

[0005] (2) Orange: represents a greater risk, with more risk factors and greater difficulty in control; risk reduction measures must be implemented and contingency plans need to be prepared.

[0006] (3) Yellow: represents general risk, which is under control; the project needs to implement further preventive measures to improve safety.

[0007] (4) Blue: represents low risk, which is under control; current response measures are effective and no additional technical or management precautions are necessary.

[0008] During tunnel engineering safety risk assessments, response requirements and preventative measures for red, orange, and blue risk levels are clearly defined. However, the situation for yellow risk is more ambiguous. Whether or not to implement measures is unclear, and if so, to what extent, is also difficult to determine. Current tunnel engineering safety risk assessments leave technical personnel and management decision-makers with uncertainties regarding the response requirements and preventative measures for yellow risk, making them difficult to guide project implementation.

[0009] A search revealed no research literature or documentation specifically addressing the specific details of the yellow risk level and the risk control measures adopted after such refinement. Therefore, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies and developing a methodology that can both avoid safety risks caused by insufficient risk control measures and unnecessary investment waste due to excessive and overly stringent risk control measures is a pressing issue in the field of tunnel and underground engineering technology. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a yellow risk level refinement method and system applicable to tunnel engineering.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0012] A yellow risk level refinement system applicable to tunnel projects, including:

[0013] The data collection module is used to collect relevant information about a tunnel that has been evaluated according to existing safety risk assessment methods, as well as the risk prevention measures established in the design and construction process; the relevant information includes basic tunnel information and yellow risk event information;

[0014] The human-computer interaction module has a pre-stored sample table for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced;

[0015] The data processing module is connected to the human-computer interaction module and is used to investigate and count the possibility of yellow risk events and establish a survey form on the possibility of yellow risk events in tunnels;

[0016] The data analysis module is connected to the data processing module and is used to establish the tunnel yellow risk event possibility questionnaire established by the data processing module, establish the tunnel yellow risk event risk level sub-level matrix, and refine the yellow risk into three sub-levels;

[0017] The prevention and control measures generation module is connected to the data acquisition module and the data analysis module respectively, and is used to generate risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk by combining the design and construction risk prevention plan measures;

[0018] The prevention and control measures release module is connected to the data collection module, the data analysis module, and the prevention and control measures generation module respectively. It is used to refine the yellow risk of the tunnel and release corresponding risk prevention and control measures based on the information collected by the data collection module, the risk level sub-level matrix of the tunnel yellow risk events established by the data analysis module, and the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk generated by the prevention and control measures generation module.

[0019] Furthermore, preferably, the specific method of step (1) is:

[0020] Basic information includes tunnel length and surrounding rock geological conditions; yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events, the risk source of each yellow risk event, and the number of risk sources.

[0021] Furthermore, preferably, the risk level sub-level matrix is ​​specifically:

[0022] For yellow risk events in tunnels, a matrix table is established with the number of possible occurrences K as rows and the number of risk sources F as columns. The yellow risk is then divided into three sub-levels: Y1, Y2, and Y3, as shown below.

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] The present invention also provides a yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step (1) collecting relevant information of a tunnel evaluated according to an existing safety risk assessment method; the relevant information includes basic information of the tunnel and yellow risk event information;

[0027] Step (2) is to establish a survey form for the possibility of yellow risk events occurring in tunnels, and to use the expert survey method to investigate and count the possibility of yellow risk events occurring;

[0028] Step (3): Based on the probability of occurrence of yellow risk events and the number of risk sources, a risk level sub-level matrix of tunnel yellow risk events is established, and yellow risks are refined into three sub-levels;

[0029] Step (4), combining the risk prevention and control measures established in the design and construction, determine the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk;

[0030] Step (5) is to divide the yellow risk events of the tunnel into sub-levels according to the risk level sub-matrix established in step (3), and to refine the risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risk of the tunnel by sub-level according to the sub-level risk prevention and control measures formulation method of step (4), and apply them to the implementation of the tunnel project.

[0031] Furthermore, preferably, the specific method of step (1) is:

[0032] Basic information includes tunnel length and surrounding rock geological conditions; yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events, the risk source of each yellow risk event, and the number of risk sources.

[0033] Furthermore, preferably, the specific method of step (2) is:

[0034] The experts selected by the expert survey method are the same as those selected in step (1) when the tunnel is assessed according to the existing safety risk assessment method;

[0035] The questionnaire on the possibility of yellow risk events in tunnels was established based on the sample form. The sample form was used for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event had been experienced.

[0036] Count the number of times each yellow risk event occurs in the tunnel yellow risk event;

[0037] The probability of each yellow risk event occurring is calculated based on the number of times each expert has experienced it, and the average value is calculated;

[0038] If the average value is an integer, the corresponding probability of occurrence of the yellow risk event is the average value;

[0039] If the average value is a decimal, the corresponding probability of occurrence of the yellow risk event is the rounded-up value of the average value.

[0040] Furthermore, preferably, the specific method of step (3) is:

[0041] For yellow risk events in tunnels, a matrix table is established with the number of possible occurrences K as rows and the number of risk sources F as columns. The yellow risk is then divided into three sub-levels: Y1, Y2, and Y3, as shown in Table 1.

[0042] Table 1

[0043]

[0044] Furthermore, it is preferred that each yellow risk sublevel is distinguished by a different color;

[0045] Y1 risk is light blue, and its RGB value is 0,191,255;

[0046] Y2 risk is light yellow, and its RGB is 255,255,127;

[0047] The Y3 risk is light orange, and its RGB is 255,191,0.

[0048] Furthermore, preferably, the specific method of step (4) is:

[0049] Risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk are based on the risk prevention and control measures established in the design and construction plans, and are specifically formulated for the risk sources. These measures include: surface grouting reinforcement, slope protection, ditch water isolation measures, in-tunnel advance support, primary and secondary lining support, grouting water blocking measures, water exploration holes in the fractured zone, and temporary support measures during construction.

[0050] The quantification method for risk prevention and control measures is as follows: surface grouting reinforcement measures are calculated based on the number of steel pipes; slope protection measures are calculated based on the number of mortar anchor rods; ditch water isolation measures are calculated based on the surface water isolation area; in-tunnel advance support measures are calculated based on the number of self-propelled anchor rods; primary support measures are calculated based on the number of steel frame brackets; secondary lining measures are calculated based on the thickness of the secondary lining; grouting water blocking measures are calculated based on the length of the longitudinal grouting water blocking section of the tunnel; water exploration hole measures in the broken zone are calculated based on the depth of the advance water exploration hole; and temporary support measures for construction are calculated based on the number of temporary support lines.

[0051] During tunnel construction, safety management personnel will carry out daily safety production management, and risk prevention and control measures will be strengthened by increasing the number of safety management personnel;

[0052] For Y1-level risks: the risk prevention and control measures established in the design and construction for the risk source can be used as risk prevention and control measures, without adding other measures or work content;

[0053] For Y2-level risks: Strengthen risk prevention and control measures by 10% based on the risk prevention and control measures established during design and construction for the risk source; verify and strengthen risk prevention and control measures; re-verify the survey and design data to confirm that there are no errors or omissions; for a single Y2-level risk event during construction, add one additional safety management personnel and strictly implement daily safety production management work;

[0054] For Y3 level risks: Based on the established risk prevention and control measures for risk sources in design and construction, strengthen them by 20% as risk prevention and control measures; supplement and strengthen risk prevention and control measures; strengthen temporary support measures as a supplement to the risk response strategy and reflect them in the design documents; for a single Y3 level risk event during the construction process, add 2 more safety management personnel and strictly carry out daily safety production management work.

[0055] In step (4) of the present invention, if the calculated strengthening ratios of 10% and 20% are not integers, they can be rounded up.

[0056] In the present invention, relevant data of a certain tunnel is evaluated according to an existing safety risk evaluation method, wherein the existing safety risk evaluation method is an expert investigation method.

[0057] In the present invention, the design and construction of the established risk prevention plan measures are existing contents, and the present invention does not limit or elaborate on them.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] Existing tunnel engineering safety risk assessment methods are vague regarding the response requirements and preventive measures for yellow risk events. Whether to implement countermeasures and the specific extent of such measures are unclear. For technical personnel and management decision-makers, yellow risk prevention and control faces an uncertain boundary, with both permissible and inappropriate decisions. Therefore, assessment conclusions are difficult to guide project implementation. The present invention addresses this issue by developing a yellow risk grading method for tunnel engineering. This method establishes a risk grading sub-level matrix for tunnel yellow risk events, breaking down yellow risks into three sub-levels. Risk grading methods for each sub-level are then determined based on established risk prevention and control measures established during design and construction. Yellow risk events are then classified into sub-levels, and risk grading measures are refined by sub-level for each risk. These measures are then applied to tunnel engineering implementation. This method avoids both safety risks caused by insufficient risk grading and unnecessary waste of project investment due to excessive and overly stringent risk grading. It provides clearer guidance for tunnel design and construction, ensures tunnel construction safety, and can save over 30% of project investment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0061] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the yellow risk level refinement system applicable to tunnel engineering according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a sample survey form for the possibility of yellow risk events occurring in tunnels.

[0063] In the figure: 1. A column for collecting and filling in the names of yellow risk events; 2. A column for filling in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced by the corresponding expert; 3. An area for the expert's signature. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the examples, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or in the product specifications were used. Materials or equipment used without manufacturer identification are commercially available conventional products.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] A yellow risk level refinement system suitable for tunnel engineering, such as Figure 1 Shown, including:

[0068] The data collection module is used to collect relevant information about a tunnel that has been evaluated according to existing safety risk assessment methods, as well as the risk prevention measures established in the design and construction process; the relevant information includes basic tunnel information and yellow risk event information;

[0069] The human-computer interaction module has a pre-stored sample table for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced;

[0070] The data processing module is connected to the human-computer interaction module and is used to investigate and count the possibility of yellow risk events and establish a survey form on the possibility of yellow risk events in tunnels;

[0071] The data analysis module is connected to the data processing module and is used to establish the tunnel yellow risk event possibility questionnaire established by the data processing module, establish the tunnel yellow risk event risk level sub-level matrix, and refine the yellow risk into three sub-levels;

[0072] The prevention and control measures generation module is connected to the data acquisition module and the data analysis module respectively, and is used to generate risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk by combining the design and construction risk prevention plan measures;

[0073] The prevention and control measures release module is connected to the data collection module, the data analysis module, and the prevention and control measures generation module respectively. It is used to refine the yellow risk of the tunnel and release corresponding risk prevention and control measures based on the information collected by the data collection module, the risk level sub-level matrix of the tunnel yellow risk events established by the data analysis module, and the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk generated by the prevention and control measures generation module.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] A yellow risk level refinement system suitable for tunnel engineering, such as Figure 1 Shown, including:

[0076] The data collection module is used to collect relevant information about a tunnel that has been evaluated according to existing safety risk assessment methods, as well as the risk prevention measures established in the design and construction process; the relevant information includes basic tunnel information and yellow risk event information;

[0077] The human-computer interaction module has a pre-stored sample table for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced;

[0078] The data processing module is connected to the human-computer interaction module and is used to investigate and count the possibility of yellow risk events and establish a survey form on the possibility of yellow risk events in tunnels;

[0079] The data analysis module is connected to the data processing module and is used to establish the tunnel yellow risk event possibility questionnaire established by the data processing module, establish the tunnel yellow risk event risk level sub-level matrix, and refine the yellow risk into three sub-levels;

[0080] The prevention and control measures generation module is connected to the data acquisition module and the data analysis module respectively, and is used to generate risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk by combining the design and construction risk prevention plan measures;

[0081] The prevention and control measures release module is connected to the data collection module, the data analysis module, and the prevention and control measures generation module respectively. It is used to refine the yellow risk of the tunnel and release corresponding risk prevention and control measures based on the information collected by the data collection module, the risk level sub-level matrix of the tunnel yellow risk events established by the data analysis module, and the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk generated by the prevention and control measures generation module.

[0082] Basic information includes tunnel length and surrounding rock geological conditions; yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events, the risk source of each yellow risk event, and the number of risk sources.

[0083] The risk level sub-level matrix is ​​as follows:

[0084] For yellow risk events in tunnels, a matrix table is established with the number of possible occurrences K as rows and the number of risk sources F as columns. The yellow risk is then divided into three sub-levels: Y1, Y2, and Y3, as shown in Table 1.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] A yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering includes the following steps:

[0087] Step (1) collecting relevant information of a tunnel evaluated according to an existing safety risk assessment method; the relevant information includes basic information of the tunnel and yellow risk event information;

[0088] Step (2) is to establish a survey form for the possibility of yellow risk events occurring in tunnels, and to use the expert survey method to investigate and count the possibility of yellow risk events occurring;

[0089] Step (3): Based on the probability of occurrence of yellow risk events and the number of risk sources, a risk level sub-level matrix of tunnel yellow risk events is established, and yellow risks are refined into three sub-levels;

[0090] Step (4), combining the risk prevention and control measures established in the design and construction, determine the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk;

[0091] Step (5) is to divide the yellow risk events of the tunnel into sub-levels according to the risk level sub-matrix established in step (3), and to refine the risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risk of the tunnel by sub-level according to the sub-level risk prevention and control measures formulation method of step (4), and apply them to the implementation of the tunnel project.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] A yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering includes the following steps:

[0094] Step (1) collecting relevant information of a tunnel evaluated according to an existing safety risk assessment method; the relevant information includes basic information of the tunnel and yellow risk event information;

[0095] Step (2) is to establish a survey form for the possibility of yellow risk events occurring in tunnels, and to use the expert survey method to investigate and count the possibility of yellow risk events occurring;

[0096] Step (3): Based on the probability of occurrence of yellow risk events and the number of risk sources, a risk level sub-level matrix of tunnel yellow risk events is established, and yellow risks are refined into three sub-levels;

[0097] Step (4), combining the risk prevention and control measures established in the design and construction, determine the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk;

[0098] Step (5) is to divide the yellow risk events of the tunnel into sub-levels according to the risk level sub-matrix established in step (3), and to refine the risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risk of the tunnel by sub-level according to the sub-level risk prevention and control measures formulation method of step (4), and apply them to the implementation of the tunnel project.

[0099] The specific method of step (1) is:

[0100] Basic information includes tunnel length and surrounding rock geological conditions; yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events, the risk source of each yellow risk event, and the number of risk sources.

[0101] The specific method of step (2) is:

[0102] The experts selected by the expert survey method are the same as those selected in step (1) when the tunnel is assessed according to the existing safety risk assessment method;

[0103] The questionnaire on the possibility of yellow risk events in tunnels was established based on the sample form. The sample form was used for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event had been experienced.

[0104] Count the number of times each yellow risk event occurs in the tunnel yellow risk event;

[0105] The probability of each yellow risk event occurring is calculated based on the number of times each expert has experienced it, and the average value is calculated;

[0106] If the average value is an integer, the corresponding probability of occurrence of the yellow risk event is the average value;

[0107] If the average value is a decimal, the corresponding probability of occurrence of the yellow risk event is the rounded-up value of the average value.

[0108] The specific method of step (3) is:

[0109] For yellow risk events in tunnels, a matrix table is established with the number of possible occurrences K as rows and the number of risk sources F as columns. The yellow risk is then divided into three sub-levels: Y1, Y2, and Y3, as shown in Table 1.

[0110] Different colors are used to distinguish each yellow risk sub-level;

[0111] Y1 risk is light blue, and its RGB value is 0,191,255;

[0112] Y2 risk is light yellow, and its RGB is 255,255,127;

[0113] The Y3 risk is light orange, and its RGB is 255,191,0.

[0114] The specific method of step (4) is:

[0115] Risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk are based on the risk prevention and control measures established in the design and construction plans, and are specifically formulated for the risk sources. These measures include: surface grouting reinforcement, slope protection, ditch water isolation measures, in-tunnel advance support, primary and secondary lining support, grouting water blocking measures, water exploration holes in the fractured zone, and temporary support measures during construction.

[0116] The quantification method for risk prevention and control measures is as follows: surface grouting reinforcement measures are calculated based on the number of steel pipes; slope protection measures are calculated based on the number of mortar anchor rods; ditch water isolation measures are calculated based on the surface water isolation area; in-tunnel advance support measures are calculated based on the number of self-propelled anchor rods; primary support measures are calculated based on the number of steel frame brackets; secondary lining measures are calculated based on the thickness of the secondary lining; grouting water blocking measures are calculated based on the length of the longitudinal grouting water blocking section of the tunnel; water exploration hole measures in the broken zone are calculated based on the depth of the advance water exploration hole; and temporary support measures for construction are calculated based on the number of temporary support lines.

[0117] During tunnel construction, safety management personnel will carry out daily safety production management, and risk prevention and control measures will be strengthened by increasing the number of safety management personnel;

[0118] For Y1-level risks: the risk prevention and control measures established in the design and construction for the risk source can be used as risk prevention and control measures, without adding other measures or work content;

[0119] For Y2-level risks: Strengthen risk prevention and control measures by 10% based on the risk prevention and control measures established during design and construction for the risk source; verify and strengthen risk prevention and control measures; re-verify the survey and design data to confirm that there are no errors or omissions; for a single Y2-level risk event during construction, add one additional safety management personnel and strictly implement daily safety production management work;

[0120] For Y3 level risks: Based on the established risk prevention and control measures for risk sources in design and construction, strengthen them by 20% as risk prevention and control measures; supplement and strengthen risk prevention and control measures; strengthen temporary support measures as a supplement to the risk response strategy and reflect them in the design documents; for a single Y3 level risk event during the construction process, add 2 more safety management personnel and strictly carry out daily safety production management work.

[0121] Application Examples

[0122] For a highway tunnel in a certain embodiment, according to relevant requirements, a safety risk assessment was carried out and completed using existing safety risk assessment methods. Among them, some risk events were yellow risks. The yellow risk requirement of "further implementation of preventive measures to improve safety" was difficult to guide the implementation of the project. In order to clarify risk prevention and control measures, guide tunnel design and construction, ensure tunnel construction safety, and save project investment, the method of the present invention is proposed to refine the yellow risk level of the tunnel in this embodiment, and the specific steps are as follows.

[0123] (1) Collect relevant information for tunnel assessment based on existing safety risk assessment methods.

[0124] The tunnel is 3,260 meters long, with poor surrounding rock geological conditions and two fault crossings. According to the existing safety risk assessment method, the risk levels of the three risk events of portal instability, landslide, and mud and water inrush are all yellow. The risk sources corresponding to the three risk events are summarized in Table 2 below.

[0125] Table 2

[0126]

[0127] (2) Survey and statistics on the probability of yellow risk events occurring.

[0128] The experts selected by the expert survey method are the 11 experts selected in the previous assessment process based on the existing safety risk assessment method;

[0129] The tunnel yellow risk event possibility questionnaire is established based on the sample form and is used to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced by experts. The sample form is shown in Table 3 below;

[0130] Table 3

[0131] Yellow risk event Number of times the expert has experienced Instability of the cave entrance collapse sudden mud and water surge

[0132] Expert Signature:

[0133] Send the questionnaire to each expert and collect it back after filling it out;

[0134] Then the number of times each expert had experienced was counted and the average value was calculated. The number of times the cave entrance was unstable was 4.6 times, the number of times it collapsed was 7.3 times, and the number of times it caused mud and water to burst was 2 times.

[0135] The probability of occurrence of each yellow risk event is calculated from the average number of times the experts have experienced it using the following method:

[0136] If the average value is an integer, the corresponding probability of occurrence of the yellow risk event is the average value;

[0137] If the average value is a decimal, the corresponding probability of occurrence of the yellow risk event is the rounded-up value of the average value.

[0138] The probability of occurrence of each risk event is shown in Table 4 below.

[0139] Table 4

[0140] Risk Events Probability of occurrence K Instability of the cave entrance 5 collapse 8 sudden mud and water surge 2

[0141] (3) Based on the probability of occurrence of yellow risk events and the number of risk sources, a risk level sub-level matrix of tunnel yellow risk events is established, and the yellow risk is refined into three sub-levels, which are distinguished by different colors.

[0142] For yellow risk events in tunnels, a matrix table is established with the number of possible occurrences K as rows and the number of risk sources F as columns to refine the yellow risk into three sub-levels: Y1, Y2, and Y3, as shown in Table 1.

[0143] Different colors are used to distinguish different risk sublevels, specifically:

[0144] Y1 risk is light blue, and its RGB value is 0,191,255;

[0145] Y2 risk is light yellow, and its RGB is 255,255,127;

[0146] The Y3 risk is light orange, and its RGB is 255,191,0.

[0147] (4) Determine the method for formulating risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk in combination with the established risk prevention and control measures in design and construction.

[0148] Risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk are specifically formulated for the risk source, including: surface grouting reinforcement, slope protection, ditch water isolation measures, tunnel advance support, primary support and secondary lining support, grouting water blocking measures, water exploration holes in the fracture zone, and temporary support measures for construction;

[0149] For Y1-level risks: the risk prevention and control measures established in the design and construction for the risk source can be used as risk prevention and control measures, without adding other measures or work content;

[0150] For Y2-level risks: Strengthen risk prevention and control measures by 10% based on the risk prevention and control measures established during design and construction for the risk source; verify and strengthen risk prevention and control measures; re-verify the survey and design data to confirm that there are no errors or omissions; for a single Y2-level risk event during construction, add one additional safety management personnel and strictly implement daily safety production management work;

[0151] For Y3 level risks: Based on the established risk prevention and control measures for risk sources in design and construction, strengthen them by 20% as risk prevention and control measures; supplement and strengthen risk prevention and control measures; design supplementary risk response strategies and reflect them in the design documents; for a single Y3 level risk event during the construction process, add 2 more safety management personnel and strictly carry out daily safety production management work.

[0152] (5) The yellow risk events of the tunnel are divided into sub-levels according to the risk level sub-matrix established in step (3). The risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risk of the tunnel are refined by sub-level according to the sub-level risk prevention and control measures formulation method in step (4), and applied to the implementation of the tunnel project.

[0153] Substitute the number of risk sources F and the probability of occurrence K of each yellow risk event into step (3) to divide the yellow risk events of the tunnel into sub-level risk levels:

[0154] Instability of the opening: From F=2, K=5, the risk sub-level is Y2;

[0155] Landslide: From F=4, K=8, the risk sub-level is Y3;

[0156] Sudden mud and water gushing: Since F=3, K=2, the risk sub-level is Y2.

[0157] According to step (4), the risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risk of the tunnel are refined by sub-level:

[0158] Tunnel entrance instability and mud and water inrush: Both are Y2-level risks. Risk prevention and control measures are shown in Table 5 below. Risk prevention and control measures will be verified and strengthened. The design team will re-verify the survey and design data to confirm that there are no errors or omissions. During construction, one additional safety manager will be required for each risk event, and daily safety production management will be strictly implemented.

[0159] Table 5

[0160]

[0161] Landslide: It is a Y3 level risk. The risk prevention and control measures are shown in Table 6 below. Risk prevention and control measures shall be supplemented and strengthened, and supplementary risk response strategies shall be designed and reflected in the design documents. In the process of construction, 2 more safety management personnel shall be added to deal with landslide risk events, and daily safety production management work shall be strictly carried out.

[0162] Table 6

[0163]

[0164] Risk prevention and control measures are included as verification items in design review and construction organization approval, and applied to the entire process of tunnel project implementation.

[0165] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A yellow risk level refinement system suitable for tunnel engineering, characterized in that: include: The data collection module is used to collect relevant information of a tunnel that has been evaluated according to the existing safety risk assessment method, as well as the risk prevention measures established in the design and construction; the relevant information includes basic information of the tunnel and information on yellow risk events; A human-computer interaction module, which has a sample table pre-stored therein, for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced; The data processing module is connected to the human-computer interaction module and is used to investigate and count the possibility of yellow risk events and establish a survey form for the possibility of yellow risk events in tunnels; The data analysis module is connected to the data processing module and is used to establish a tunnel yellow risk event occurrence possibility questionnaire established by the data processing module, establish a risk level sub-level matrix for tunnel yellow risk events, and refine the yellow risk into three sub-levels; The prevention and control measures generation module is connected to the data collection module and the data analysis module respectively, and is used to generate risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk in combination with the established risk prevention plan measures of design and construction; The prevention and control measures release module is connected to the data collection module, the data analysis module, and the prevention and control measures generation module respectively. It is used to refine the yellow risk of the tunnel and release corresponding risk prevention and control measures based on the information collected by the data collection module, the risk level sub-level matrix of the tunnel yellow risk events established by the data analysis module, and the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk generated by the prevention and control measures generation module.

2. The yellow risk level refinement system applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific method of step (1) is: Basic information includes tunnel length and surrounding rock geological conditions; yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events and the risk source and number of risk sources for each yellow risk event.

3. The yellow risk level refinement system applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The risk level sub-level matrix is ​​as follows: For yellow risk events in tunnels, a matrix table is established with the number of possible occurrences K as rows and the number of risk sources F as columns, and the yellow risk is refined into three sub-levels: Y1, Y2, and Y3, as shown below; 。 4. A yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering, characterized in that: The steps include: Step (1), collecting relevant information of a tunnel evaluated according to an existing safety risk assessment method; the relevant information includes basic information of the tunnel and yellow risk event information; Step (2), establish a survey form for the possibility of yellow risk events in tunnels, and use expert survey method to investigate and count the possibility of yellow risk events; Step (3), based on the possibility of occurrence of yellow risk events and the number of risk sources, a risk level sub-level matrix of tunnel yellow risk events is established, and the yellow risk is refined into three sub-levels; Step (4), combining the risk prevention and control measures established in the design and construction, determine the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk; Step (5), divide the yellow risk events of the tunnel into sub-levels according to the risk level sub-matrix established in step (3), refine the risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risk of the tunnel by sub-level according to the sub-level risk prevention and control measures formulation method of step (4), and apply them to the implementation of the tunnel project.

5. The yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific method of step (1) is: Basic information includes tunnel length and surrounding rock geological conditions; yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events and the risk source and number of risk sources for each yellow risk event.

6. The yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific method of step (2) is: The experts selected by the expert survey method are the same as those selected in step (1) when the tunnel is assessed using the existing safety risk assessment method; The questionnaire on the possibility of occurrence of yellow risk events in tunnels was established based on the sample form, which was used by each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event had been experienced; Count the number of times each yellow risk event occurs in the tunnel yellow risk event; The probability of occurrence of each yellow risk event is calculated based on the number of times each expert has experienced it, and the average value is calculated; If the average value is an integer, the corresponding probability of occurrence of the yellow risk event is the average value; If the average value is a decimal, the corresponding probability of occurrence of the yellow risk event is the rounded-up value of the average value.

7. The yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific method of step (3) is: For yellow risk events in tunnels, a matrix table is established with the number of possible occurrences K as rows and the number of risk sources F as columns, and the yellow risk is refined into three sub-levels: Y1, Y2, and Y3, as shown below; 。 8. The yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Different colors are used to distinguish each yellow risk sub-level; The Y1 risk is light blue, and its RGB is 0,191,255; The Y2 risk is light yellow, and its RGB is 255,255,127; The Y3 risk is light orange and its RGB is 255,191,0.

9. The yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific method of step (4) is: The risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk are based on the risk prevention plan measures established in the design and construction, and are specifically formulated for the risk sources, including: surface grouting reinforcement, slope protection, ditch water isolation measures, tunnel advance support, primary support and secondary lining support, grouting water blocking measures, broken zone water exploration hole measures, and temporary construction support measures; The quantification method of risk prevention and control measures is as follows: surface grouting reinforcement measures are counted by the number of steel pipes, slope protection measures are counted by the number of mortar anchors, ditch water isolation measures are counted by the surface water isolation area, in-tunnel advance support measures are counted by the number of self-propelled anchors, primary support measures are counted by the number of steel frame brackets, secondary lining measures are counted by the thickness of the secondary lining, grouting water blocking measures are counted by the length of the longitudinal grouting water blocking section of the tunnel, broken zone water exploration hole measures are counted by the depth of the advance water exploration hole, and construction temporary support measures are counted by the number of temporary support channels; During the tunnel construction process, safety management personnel will carry out daily safety production management, and risk prevention and control measures will be strengthened by increasing the number of safety management personnel; For Y1-level risks: the risk prevention measures established in the design and construction for the risk source can be used as risk prevention and control measures, without adding other measures and work content; For Y2-level risks: Based on the risk prevention plan measures established for risk sources in design and construction, strengthen them by 10% as risk prevention and control measures; and verify and strengthen risk prevention and control measures; the designer shall re-verify the survey and design data and confirm that there are no errors and omissions; for a single Y2-level risk event during construction, one more safety manager shall be added, and daily safety production management work shall be strictly carried out; For Y3 level risks: based on the design and construction of the risk prevention plan measures for the risk source, strengthen them by 20% as risk prevention and control measures; supplement and strengthen risk prevention and control measures; strengthen the temporary support measures as a supplement to the risk response strategy and reflect them in the design documents; for a single Y3 level risk event during the construction process, 2 more safety management personnel are required, and daily production safety management work is strictly carried out.

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