Building colored masonry construction method based on BIM (Building Information Modeling)

Abstract

The invention discloses a building colored masonry construction method based on BIM, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a picture of a colored masonry plane layout diagram, carrying out the image segmentation of the colored masonry plane layout diagram, segmenting the contour of each block of masonry with different colors and different specifications, extracting the color feature value of the picture, carrying out the clustering processing of the color values in the picture, and obtaining a color feature value of each block of masonry; the method comprises the following steps of: obtaining a picture, distinguishing masonry areas with different colors in the picture, displaying a segmented image, finally obtaining position, specification and color data corresponding to different colors of building blocks, finally forming a masonry data set, and creating a colored masonry BIM model according to the masonry data set and the position information of each building block. Whether the effect of the completed colored masonry BIM model meets the design requirement or not is analyzed, if the requirement is met, the colored masonry BIM model is corrected, a blanking list is formed for the corrected masonry BIM model according to the construction requirement, and the blanking list can be formed through rapid statistics of data of masonry piling of different colors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a BIM-based building colored masonry construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of religion, various religious patterns appeared on the walls, forming colorful art walls to decorate churches and other church buildings. With the development of science and technology, art walls have made qualitative progress. The exterior walls of large opera houses, concert halls, etc. are decorated by stacking colored masonry. At present, colored masonry is manually calculated in advance according to the drawings of the architectural design, and the position, specifications and quantity of masonry stacking of different colors are calculated manually, which makes the construction of colored art masonry slow and the construction progress slow.

[0003] The existing colored masonry construction method is based on the stacking experience of technical workers during the stacking process. Whether there will be surplus or shortage of purchased materials is completely based on the procurement experience of technical workers. Whether the effect after stacking is completed is the same as the provided effect Figure 1 The purchase quantity of Zhihe masonry materials is uncontrollable, the on-site effect is difficult to achieve the expected effect, and the purchase quantity of materials cannot be determined, which affects the construction progress of colored masonry. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a BIM-based building colored masonry construction method, which can quickly count the data such as the position, specification and color of masonry of different colors, and form a material list.

[0005] The present invention provides a BIM-based building colored masonry construction method, comprising:

[0006] Get images of colored masonry floor plans;

[0007] Perform image segmentation on the colored masonry floor plan, segment the outline of each masonry block of different colors and specifications, extract the color feature value of the image, perform clustering on the color values ​​in the image, distinguish the masonry areas of different colors in the image, display the segmented image, and finally obtain the position, specification, and color data of the corresponding masonry blocks of different colors to form a masonry data group;

[0008] According to the masonry data group, a colored masonry BIM model is created according to the position information of each masonry block;

[0009] Analyze whether the completed colored masonry BIM model meets the design requirements. If so, modify the various parameters in the colored masonry BIM model.

[0010] According to the actual construction requirements, a material list is generated for the revised masonry BIM model.

[0011] Optionally, image processing technology is used to extract color feature values ​​of the image.

[0012] Optionally, the color values ​​in the image are clustered using an unsupervised learning K-Means clustering algorithm in machine learning.

[0013] Optionally, the masonry model includes block models of different colors, joint models between blocks, block types, block colors, and block codes.

[0014] Optionally, the code of the building block is composed of multiple fields, each field carries specific information, including: the name of the colored masonry project, the color, and the building block number corresponding to the color.

[0015] Optionally, the various parameters in the colored masonry BIM model are corrected, including: if the requirements are met, only the position and specifications are corrected to make the masonry regular, the block row gap is calculated based on the average gap d set between the blocks, and the height value H of the blocks is corrected, the block column gap is calculated based on the set average gap d of the blocks, and the length value L of the blocks is corrected, so that the gaps between the blocks are equal, and the block row gap and column gap are the same.

[0016] Optionally, the average gap 0≤d<10mm.

[0017] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] In order to shorten the construction period of colored masonry and change the existing colored masonry construction process, an embodiment of the present invention provides a BIM-based colored masonry construction method for buildings. By performing image segmentation on the colored masonry plan layout, the position, specification, and color data of blocks of different colors can be obtained, and finally a masonry data group is formed. Then, with the help of BIM software secondary development technology, the data obtained by image segmentation processing is used to quickly generate a colored masonry BIM model, and finally a material list and drawing for guiding construction are formed, providing guidance for colored masonry construction, shortening the construction period, and avoiding waste of construction materials. The generated BIM model is no different from the rendering, so the drawings are basically the same as the rendering, and the effect after the stacking is completed according to the drawings is basically the same as the rendering, with very small errors, greatly improving the quality of the finished product, and the material list generated by the quantity is consistent, and the material is cut on site according to the material list, and there is basically no material left after the stacking is completed, which greatly reduces material waste. The BIM model outputs drawings to guide on-site construction, which is convenient for workers to construct on site and improves the construction quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1A flowchart of a first BIM-based building colored masonry construction method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A flow chart of a second BIM-based building colored masonry construction method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A colored masonry plan layout provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the color 1 of a block after image segmentation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein RGB: 122, 175, 223;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the color 2 of a block after image segmentation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein RGB: 254, 234, 185;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the color 1 of another block after image segmentation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein RGB: 221, 179, 212;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the color 2 of another block after image segmentation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein RGB: 175, 217, 170;

[0026] Figure 8 The BIM model after the color masonry is corrected according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 An image segmentation flow chart provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 A flowchart of the color masonry BIM model correction provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] A specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] The existing colored masonry construction method is based on the stacking experience of technical workers during the stacking process. Whether there will be surplus or shortage of purchased materials is completely based on the procurement experience of technical workers. Whether the effect after stacking is completed is the same as the provided effect Figure 1 The purchase quantity of Zhihe masonry materials is uncontrollable, the on-site effect is difficult to achieve the expected effect, and the purchase quantity of materials cannot be determined, which affects the construction progress of colored masonry.

[0032] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a BIM-based building colored masonry construction method, which can quickly count the data such as the position, specification and color of masonry of different colors, and form a material list.

[0033] At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a BIM-based colored masonry construction method, comprising: obtaining a picture of a colored masonry plan layout; performing image segmentation on the colored masonry plan layout, segmenting the contours of each masonry block of different colors and specifications, extracting color feature values ​​of the picture, performing clustering processing on the color values ​​in the picture, distinguishing different color masonry areas in the picture, displaying the segmented image, and finally obtaining position, specification, and color data corresponding to blocks of different colors to ultimately form a masonry data group; creating a colored masonry BIM model according to the masonry data group and the position information of each block; analyzing whether the effect of the completed colored masonry BIM model meets the design requirements, and if so, correcting the various parameters in the colored masonry BIM model; and forming a material list for the corrected masonry BIM model according to actual construction requirements.

[0034] In the BIM-based colored masonry construction method provided by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, by performing image segmentation on the colored masonry plan layout drawing, the position, specification, and color data of blocks of different colors can be obtained, and finally a masonry data group is formed. Subsequently, with the help of BIM software secondary development technology, the data obtained by image segmentation processing can be used to quickly generate a colored masonry BIM model, and finally a material list and drawings to guide the construction are formed.

[0035] The present invention is described below by several specific embodiments. In order to keep the following description of the embodiments of the present invention clear and concise, the detailed description of known functions and known components may be omitted. When any component of the embodiments of the present invention appears in more than one accompanying drawings, the component may be represented by the same reference numeral in each of the accompanying drawings.

[0036] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The flowchart of the first BIM-based building colored masonry construction method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a BIM-based colored masonry construction method for buildings, including: obtaining a picture of a colored masonry plan layout, performing image segmentation on the colored masonry plan layout, segmenting the contours of each masonry block of different colors and specifications, extracting color feature values ​​of the picture, performing clustering processing on the color values ​​in the picture, distinguishing different color masonry areas in the picture, displaying the segmented image, and finally obtaining the position, specification, and color data corresponding to the blocks of different colors to finally form a masonry data group, creating a colored masonry BIM model according to the masonry data group and the position information of each block, analyzing whether the effect of the completed colored masonry BIM model meets the design requirements, and if so, correcting the various parameters in the colored masonry BIM model, and forming a material list for the corrected masonry BIM model according to the actual construction requirements.

[0037] In order to shorten the construction period of colored masonry and change the existing colored masonry construction process, an embodiment of the present invention provides a BIM-based colored masonry construction method. By performing image segmentation on the colored masonry plan layout, the position, specification, and color data of blocks of different colors can be obtained, and finally a masonry data group is formed. Then, with the help of BIM software secondary development technology, the data obtained by image segmentation processing is used to quickly generate a colored masonry BIM model, and finally a material list and drawing for guiding construction are formed, which provides guidance for colored masonry construction, shortens the construction period, and avoids waste of construction materials. The generated BIM model is no different from the rendering, so the drawing is basically the same as the rendering, and the effect after the stacking is completed according to the drawing is basically the same as the rendering, with a small error, which greatly improves the quality of the finished product, and the material list generated by the quantity is consistent, and the material is cut on site according to the material list. Finally, there is basically no material left after the stacking is completed, which greatly reduces material waste. The BIM model outputs a drawing to guide on-site construction, which is convenient for workers to construct on site, and the construction quality is improved. The material list is generated by a plug-in with one click, which omits complex procedures and greatly improves time efficiency.

[0038] refer to Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 The image segmentation flow chart provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Fig. 9As shown, the color feature values ​​of the image are extracted using image processing technology.

[0039] Optionally, the color values ​​in the image are clustered using the unsupervised learning K-Means clustering algorithm in machine learning. Since the image is composed of a pixel matrix, each pixel in the pixel matrix contains the position information and color (BGR) information of the pixel. Then, the pixel matrix in the image is clustered using the unsupervised learning K-Means clustering algorithm in machine learning. According to the characteristics of the K-Means clustering algorithm, the K value of the cluster must first be input, and then the colors in the masonry image are divided into K types according to the number of K values, and then the value of K is traversed from 0 to (K-1) to generate K pictures of different cluster colors. The K-Means clustering algorithm does not require labeled data, and can quickly and efficiently perform cluster analysis based on color attributes, thereby achieving image segmentation.

[0040] Optionally, the masonry model includes block models of different colors, joint models between blocks, block types, block colors, and block codes. Based on the image-processed masonry data, a color masonry model is created according to the position information of each block. The masonry model includes block models of different colors, joint models between blocks, block types, block colors, and block codes, etc., wherein the code is composed of multiple fields, each of which carries specific information, such as "CQ-01-001", where "CQ" may represent a color masonry project, "01" represents a certain color, and "001" may be the first block number under that color.

[0041] Optionally, the code of the block consists of multiple fields, each field carries specific information, including: the name of the colored masonry project, the color, and the block number corresponding to the color. The Opencv library is used to draw a rectangular wireframe of the masonry area in the masonry pictures of different colors, and the position, length, width, color, and number data of the rectangular wireframe are obtained, that is, the position, specification, color, number and other data corresponding to the blocks of different colors are obtained, and finally an Excel masonry data table is formed.

[0042] refer to Fig.10 , Fig.10 A flowchart of the color masonry BIM model correction provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig.10As shown, the various parameters in the colored masonry BIM model are corrected, including: if the requirements are met, only the position and specification are corrected to make the masonry regular, the position and specification parameters of the colored masonry BIM model are corrected by calling the relevant method of modifying parameters through the BIM software application programming interface, and the block position is further corrected to make the blocks horizontally aligned, and the block specifications are further corrected. According to the average gap d set between the blocks, the block row gap is calculated, and the height value H of the block is corrected. According to the set average gap d of the blocks, the block column gap is calculated, and the length value L of the block is corrected, so that the gaps between the blocks are equal, and the block row gap and column gap are the same.

[0043] Optionally, the average gap 0≤d<10mm.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] refer to Figures 2 to 8 ,in, Figure 2 A flowchart of a second BIM-based building colored masonry construction method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 A colored masonry plan layout diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the color 1 of a block after image segmentation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the color 2 of a block after image segmentation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the color 1 of another block after image segmentation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the color 2 of another block after image segmentation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 This is a modified BIM model of colored masonry provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Step 1: Take a screenshot or export the image to get the color masonry floor plan designed by the architect, see Figure 3 .

[0047] Step 2: Combine image processing technology and unsupervised learning K-Means clustering algorithm to perform image segmentation and obtain the location, specifications, color and other data of different color blocks. Figures 4 to 7 .

[0048] Step 3: Use BIM software for secondary development, quickly build models based on the data obtained after image segmentation, set parameters, complete the creation of the colored masonry BIM model, and modify the size of the colored masonry BIM model, setting the average gap between blocks to 0, see Figure 8 .

[0049] (4) Step 4: Form a material list to purchase colored artistic masonry and generate construction drawings to guide on-site technical workers in construction. According to the actual construction requirements, a material list is formed for the revised masonry BIM model. The material list includes a detailed list and a summary list. The detailed list mainly contains the information of each masonry block, which is used to guide on-site construction. The summary list mainly contains the summary information of the same type of masonry, which is used for factory colored masonry prefabrication. The material list includes the project name, element ID, code, block type, color, quantity, specification, date, reviewer, etc. of the masonry block, see Table 1.

[0050] Table 1 Detailed list

[0051]

[0052] The BIM-based colored masonry construction method provided by the present invention performs image segmentation processing on the renderings through image processing technology and machine learning technology to obtain masonry data, making masonry modeling more convenient; directly generates a BIM model based on the masonry data, generates a material list with one click, and directly skips the cumbersome process of intermediate modeling; generates a BIM model by identifying the colored masonry renderings through BIM technology, thereby forming a material list and construction drawings, and then guides on-site construction according to the construction drawings and material lists, thereby reducing material loss and waste, increasing on-site masonry speed, and improving construction efficiency. Compared with the traditional artistic masonry construction method, this saves labor costs, saves masonry materials, and significantly improves construction quality.

[0053] The above inventions are only several specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based colored masonry construction method, characterized in that: include: Get images of colored masonry floor plans; Perform image segmentation on the colored masonry plan layout, segment the outline of each masonry block of different colors and specifications, extract the color feature value of the image, perform clustering processing on the color values ​​in the image, distinguish the masonry areas of different colors in the image, display the segmented image, and finally obtain the position, specification, and color data corresponding to the masonry blocks of different colors to finally form a masonry data group; According to the masonry data group, a colored masonry BIM model is created according to the position information of each masonry block; Analyze whether the effect of the colored masonry BIM model meets the design requirements. If so, modify various parameters in the colored masonry BIM model. According to the actual construction requirements, a material list is generated for the revised masonry BIM model.

2. The BIM-based colored masonry construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color feature values ​​of the image are extracted using image processing technology.

3. The BIM-based colored masonry construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color values ​​in the image are clustered using the unsupervised learning K-Means clustering algorithm in machine learning.

4. The BIM-based colored masonry construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The masonry model includes block models of different colors, joint models between blocks, block types, block colors, and block codes.

5. The BIM-based colored masonry construction method of claim 4, characterized in that: The code of the building block is composed of multiple fields, each field carries specific information, and the information includes: the name of the colored masonry project, the color, and the building block number corresponding to the color.

6. The BIM-based colored masonry construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The correction of various parameters in the colored masonry BIM model includes: if the requirements are met, only the position and specification are corrected to make the masonry regular, the block row gap is calculated according to the average gap d set between the blocks, and the height value H of the blocks is corrected, the block column gap is calculated according to the set average gap d of the blocks, and the length value L of the blocks is corrected, so that the gaps between the blocks are equal, and the block row gap and column gap are the same.

7. The BIM-based colored masonry construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The average gap 0≤d<10mm.

Images