Ventilation sound insulation barrier based on acoustic black hole effect

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation sound insulation barrier based on an acoustic black hole effect, the ventilation sound insulation barrier comprises a plurality of sound insulation barrier units, the sound insulation barrier units are arranged in the same plane in an array mode and connected with one another, each sound insulation barrier unit comprises a base body and a sound insulation body, the interior of each base body is provided with a through cavity, and the sound insulation body is arranged in the through cavity. The sound insulation body comprises first sound insulation parts, the multiple first sound insulation parts are arranged at intervals in the through direction of the cavity, the outer edges of the first sound insulation parts are connected with the inner wall of the cavity in a matched mode, and ventilation holes are formed in the first sound insulation parts; the apertures of the multiple ventilation holes are gradually reduced in the sound wave propagation direction to form a sound wave black hole structure, so that the purposes of ventilation and sound insulation are achieved. The technical problem that a traditional sound insulation barrier cannot give consideration to ventilation and sound insulation at the same time is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sound insulation barriers, and in particular to a ventilation sound insulation barrier based on an acoustic black hole effect. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of global urbanization, noise pollution has become an increasingly serious problem, especially in urban areas with heavy traffic. Noise pollution not only affects the quality of life of residents, but also causes a series of health problems. At present, traditional acoustic barriers are mostly made of high-density materials, such as concrete, steel or closed metal plates. Although these materials have strong acoustic isolation performance, they have the defect of being unventilated and face many challenges: for example, in areas with a high degree of urbanization, the use of unventilated acoustic barriers may aggravate the heat island effect. In industrial or busy traffic areas, unventilated acoustic barriers may cause harmful gases and pollutants in the air to be unable to be removed in time. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to design a ventilated sound insulation barrier that can ensure air circulation while reducing noise.

[0003] On the other hand, under ideal conditions, due to the slow sound effect inside the acoustic black hole structure, sound waves need an infinite amount of time to reach the edge of the structure when propagating inside it, showing great application potential. Although the ideal acoustic black hole cannot be realized at present, more and more studies have shown that acoustic black hole structures with certain defects still have high hysteresis performance. Therefore, it is feasible to design an acoustic barrier that takes into account both sound insulation and ventilation effects based on the acoustic black hole theory and combined with the excellent sound absorption performance of porous materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a ventilation sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect, so as to solve the technical problem that the traditional sound insulation barrier cannot take into account both ventilation and sound insulation at the same time.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect, comprising: A plurality of sound insulation barrier units are arranged in an array in the same plane and are interconnected. Each of the sound insulation barrier units comprises a substrate and a sound insulation body. The substrate has a through cavity inside. The sound insulation body comprises a first sound insulation member. The plurality of first sound insulation members are arranged at intervals along the through direction of the cavity. The outer edge of the first sound insulation member is cooperatively connected with the inner wall of the cavity. The first sound insulation member has ventilation holes inside. The apertures of the plurality of ventilation holes gradually decrease along the sound wave propagation direction to form a sound wave black hole structure, so as to achieve the purpose of ventilation and sound insulation.

[0006] In some embodiments, the cavity is a cylindrical cavity, the first sound insulation member is a circular ring structure of a rigid material, the first sound insulation member is coaxially arranged with the cavity, the outer circumference of the first sound insulation member is cooperatively connected with the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity, and the inner circumference of the circular ring structure constitutes the ventilation hole.

[0007] In some embodiments, the radius of the ventilation hole with the smallest aperture is 4-6 mm to ensure ventilation effect.

[0008] In some embodiments, a plurality of the first sound insulation members are arranged at equal intervals, and a resonant subcavity is formed between two adjacent circular ring structures.

[0009] In some embodiments, the plurality of first sound insulation members are arranged at an angle inclined with respect to the axial direction of the cavity, so that the plurality of resonant subcavities are arranged at an angle inclined with respect to the axial direction of the cavity.

[0010] In some embodiments, the sound insulator further includes a second sound insulator, each of the resonant subcavities is provided with a second sound insulator, and the second sound insulator is respectively connected to the inner wall of the cavity and the side surfaces of two adjacent first sound insulators.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second sound insulation member is a circular ring structure of porous material, the outer circumferences of a plurality of the second sound insulation members are respectively connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity, and the inner circumferences of the plurality of the second sound insulation members have the same radius.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first sound insulation member, the second sound insulation member, and the substrate are bonded together.

[0013] In some embodiments, the longitudinal cross-section of the substrate is square.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of the sound insulation barrier units are bonded together.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention mainly include: The present invention provides a ventilated sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect. The first sound insulation member is arranged in a cavity inside a base body. The outside of the first sound insulation member is connected with the inside of the cavity. Ventilation holes are formed inside the first sound insulation member. The apertures of the plurality of ventilation holes gradually decrease along the propagation direction of the sound wave to form a sound wave black hole structure. The sound wave black hole structure has a "slow sound" effect, which can reduce the propagation speed of the sound wave in the cavity and achieve sound insulation. At the same time, the formed ventilation holes can ensure the ventilation effect of the sound insulation barrier, so that the sound insulation barrier provided by the present invention has ventilation performance while ensuring the sound insulation performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ventilation and sound insulation barrier of the present invention; Figure 2 is an internal structure diagram of the sound insulation barrier unit of the present invention; Figure 3 is a side sectional view of the sound insulation barrier unit of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a sound insulation effect diagram of the ventilation sound insulation barrier described in the present invention.

[0017] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals: 100. Sound insulation barrier unit, 110. Base, 111. Cavity, 120. Sound insulation body, 121. First sound insulation member, 1211. Ventilation hole, 122. Second sound insulation member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] In view of the defect that traditional acoustic barriers cannot take into account both ventilation and sound insulation at the same time, and the technical problem that the current ventilated acoustic barriers based on acoustic metamaterials are difficult to achieve ideal effects in ventilation and sound insulation performance at the same time, the present invention is based on the principle of acoustic black holes and combined with porous materials to design a ventilated acoustic barrier with excellent ventilation and sound insulation performance, which can simultaneously demonstrate excellent ventilation and sound insulation performance.

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a ventilation sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect, comprising a plurality of sound insulation barrier units 100, wherein the plurality of sound insulation barrier units 100 are arranged in an array in the same plane and are interconnected, wherein each of the sound insulation barrier units 100 comprises a substrate 110 and a sound insulation body 120, wherein the substrate 110 has a through cavity 111 inside, wherein the sound insulation body 120 comprises a first sound insulation member 121, wherein the plurality of first sound insulation members 121 are arranged at intervals along the through direction of the cavity 111, wherein the outer edge of the first sound insulation member 121 is cooperatively connected with the inner wall of the cavity 111, wherein the first sound insulation member 121 has ventilation holes 1211 inside, wherein the apertures of the plurality of ventilation holes 1211 gradually decrease along the sound wave propagation direction to form a sound wave black hole structure, so as to achieve the purpose of ventilation and sound insulation.

[0021] The present invention arranges a first sound insulating member 121 in a cavity 111 inside a base 110, the outside of the first sound insulating member 121 is connected with the inside of the cavity 111, and ventilation holes 1211 are formed inside the first sound insulating member 121. The apertures of the plurality of ventilation holes 1211 gradually decrease along the propagation direction of the sound wave to form a sound wave black hole structure. The sound wave black hole structure has a "slow sound" effect, which can reduce the propagation speed of the sound wave in the cavity 111 and achieve sound insulation. At the same time, the formed ventilation holes 1211 can ensure the ventilation effect of the sound insulation barrier, so that the sound insulation barrier provided by the present invention has ventilation performance while ensuring the sound insulation performance.

[0022] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the front and rear sides of the base 110 are squares of the same size (with the sides facing the adjacent Figure 1 The side surface is the front side surface), the size of the substrate 110 is L×W×H=70mm×50mm×70mm, that is, the front and rear sides of the substrate 110 are squares with a side length of 70mm, and the thickness w of the substrate 110 is 50mm.

[0023] In one embodiment, the substrate 110 has a cylindrical cavity 111 inside that passes through the front and rear sides. The radius of the cylindrical cavity 111 is 30 mm, and the center of the cylindrical cavity 111 is on the same straight line as the centers of the front and rear sides of the substrate 110.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first sound insulation member 121 is a ring structure of a rigid material, the ring structure is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical cavity 111, and the outer circumference of the ring structure is matched and connected with the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity, that is, the outer diameter of the first sound insulation member 121 is 30 mm, and the inner circumference of the first sound insulation member 121 constitutes the ventilation hole 1211.

[0025] In one embodiment, in combination Figure 3 As shown, the number of the first sound insulation members 121 is 13, and the inner radius of each first sound insulation member 121 is (mm), wherein X represents the coordinate value of the first sound insulation member 121 on the X-axis.

[0026] In one embodiment, the radius of the ventilation hole 1211 with the smallest aperture is 4 to 6 mm to ensure ventilation effect. In this embodiment, the radius of the ventilation hole 1211 is preferably 5 mm.

[0027] In one embodiment, a plurality of the first sound insulating members 121 are arranged at equal intervals of 2 mm, and the wall thickness of the first sound insulating members 121 is 1 mm, and a resonant subcavity is formed between every two adjacent first sound insulating members 121 .

[0028] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the propagation direction of the sound wave is along the negative direction of the X-axis, and the distance between the first sound insulation member 121 close to the outlet direction and the edge of the base 110 is 2 mm.

[0029] In one embodiment, the resonant subcavity is tilted relative to the axial direction of the first sound insulation member 121 , that is, the second sound insulation member 122 disposed in the resonant subcavity is also tilted relative to the axial direction of the first sound insulation member 121 .

[0030] In one embodiment, the first sound insulation member 121 and the second sound insulation member 122 respectively form an angle of 80° with the axis of the cavity 111 .

[0031] In one embodiment, the sound insulator 120 further includes a second sound insulator 122 , each of the resonant subcavities is provided with a second sound insulator 122 , and the second sound insulator 122 is respectively connected to the inner wall of the cavity 111 and the side of the first sound insulator 121 .

[0032] In one embodiment, the second sound insulation member 122 is a circular ring structure of porous material, the outer circumferences of the plurality of second sound insulation members 122 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity 111, and the inner circumferences of the plurality of second sound insulation members 122 have the same radius.

[0033] In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the second sound insulating member 122 is 30 mm, and the inner diameter of the second sound insulating member 122 is 22 mm.

[0034] In one embodiment, the base 110 and the first sound insulation member 121 are made of butyl rubber material, and the base 110 and the first sound insulation member 121 are bonded by cold bonding; the second sound insulation member 122 is made of porous material, and the second sound insulation member 122 is bonded to the first sound insulation member 121 and the base 110 .

[0035] See also Figure 4 As shown, when calculating the sound insulation effect, a periodic boundary condition is applied to the boundary of a single sound insulation barrier unit 100 to simulate an infinite array of ventilated acoustic barriers. The sound insulation effect is evaluated by transmission loss, and the transmission loss calculation expression is as follows:

[0036] Where STL is the sound pressure transmission loss; It can be found that the ventilated acoustic barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect proposed in this paper has a significant sound insulation effect in the range of 0-3000Hz, and with the increase of frequency, the sound insulation effect shows a gradually increasing trend.

[0037] In summary, when the ventilated sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect provided by the present invention is in use, the sound wave enters the ventilated acoustic barrier along the negative direction of the x-axis, and the cavity 111 contains a sound wave black hole structure composed of a first sound insulation member 121 whose inner radius decreases according to a power law along the sound wave propagation direction. Due to the "slow sound" effect of the sound wave black hole structure, the wave velocity of the sound wave in the cavity 111 is reduced. At the same time, the cavity 111 is divided into a plurality of sub-cavities with volume gradient changes by the first sound insulation member 121, and the sub-cavity contains a second sound insulation member 122 of porous material. Combined with the resonance of the sub-cavity and the sound absorption effect of the porous material, the energy of the sound wave is finally dissipated in the cavity 111, thereby achieving a better sound absorption effect, and the ventilation effect can be achieved through the ventilation holes 1211 of the first sound insulation member 121.

[0038] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on acoustic black hole effect, characterized in that: include: A plurality of sound insulation barrier units are arranged in an array in the same plane and are interconnected, each of the sound insulation barrier units comprises a substrate and a sound insulation body, the substrate has a through cavity inside, the sound insulation body comprises a first sound insulation member, a plurality of the first sound insulation members are arranged at intervals along the through direction of the cavity, the outer edge of the first sound insulation member is cooperatively connected with the inner wall of the cavity, the first sound insulation member has ventilation holes inside, the apertures of the plurality of ventilation holes gradually decrease along the sound wave propagation direction to form a sound wave black hole structure, so as to achieve the purpose of ventilation and sound insulation.

2. The ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cavity is a cylindrical cavity, the first sound insulation member is a ring structure of a rigid material, the first sound insulation member is coaxially arranged with the cavity, the outer circumference of the first sound insulation member is cooperatively connected with the inner wall of the cavity, and the inner circumference of the ring structure constitutes the ventilation hole.

3. The ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The radius of the ventilation hole with the smallest aperture is 4 to 6 mm to ensure the ventilation effect.

4. The ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The plurality of first sound insulation members are arranged at equal intervals, and a resonant subcavity is formed between two adjacent circular ring structures.

5. The ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The plurality of first sound insulation members are arranged to be inclined at the same angle to the axial direction of the cavity, so that the plurality of resonant subcavities are arranged to be inclined relative to the axial direction of the cavity.

6. The ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sound insulator further includes a second sound insulator. Each of the resonant subcavities is provided with a second sound insulator, and the second sound insulator is respectively connected to the inner wall of the cavity and the side surfaces of two adjacent first sound insulators.

7. The ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second sound insulation member is a circular ring structure made of porous material. The outer circumferences of the plurality of second sound insulation members are respectively connected to the inner wall of the cavity, and the inner circumferences of the plurality of second sound insulation members have the same radius.

8. The ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first sound insulation member, the second sound insulation member and the base are bonded to each other.

9. The ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal cross-section of the base body is in the shape of a square.

10. The ventilation and sound insulation barrier based on the acoustic black hole effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple sound insulation barrier units are bonded together.

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