Antenna and radiation unit

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna and a radiation unit. Comprising two radiation arms forming the same polarization; the balun structure comprises a base and two balun arms, the top of each balun arm is correspondingly connected with each radiation arm, the bottom of each balun arm is connected to the base, and the bottom of each balun arm or the base is provided with a grounding part; two feed conductors, wherein each of the feed conductors is correspondingly arranged on each of the balun arms; the tail end conductor sections of the two feed conductors are gathered together and arranged on the grounding part at intervals, and the grounding part is reused as radio frequency ground. Compared with the prior art, the structure has the advantages that the link of welding with a combining component is canceled, and the connection nodes of the feed conductor of the radiation unit and an external feed network are reduced, so that the loss of an antenna radio frequency link is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and a radiation unit. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, people have higher expectations for low-carbon and green development in all walks of life. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China have both put forward clear reduction targets for energy consumption and carbon emissions in the information and communication industry. As an important device for realizing field energy conversion of mobile communication networks and precise coverage of wireless networks, base station antennas play an important role in energy conservation, carbon reduction and network performance improvement. The development of the antenna industry has the following requirements for multi-standard fusion base station antennas for mainstream applications: 1. Realize green and environmentally friendly antennas, which is reflected in the "free" electroplating of antenna components; 2. High radiation efficiency and highly integrated integration; 3. Reduce solder joints and improve intermodulation indicators; 4. Lower costs to obtain higher returns.

[0003] The radiation unit is one of the core components of the multi-standard fusion base station antenna. Since the multi-standard fusion base station antenna integrates radiation units of multiple frequency bands, its design and radiation are complex. In addition, there are many solder joints and assembly processes, which easily lead to unstable intermodulation. In order to feed power through coaxial cables, the conventional bowl-shaped binary array radiation unit often needs to electroplate the metal part of the entire radiation unit and weld the feeding point. However, electroplating and welding will cause environmental pollution and increase costs. The need for electroplating in large areas makes it difficult for the radiation unit to meet the green and low-carbon manufacturing requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an antenna and a radiating unit, which can reduce connection points and welding points, ensure intermodulation performance, reduce costs, and be more environmentally friendly.

[0005] A radiation unit, comprising:

[0006] Two radiating arms forming the same polarization;

[0007] A balun structure, the balun structure comprising a base and two balun arms, the top of each balun arm is correspondingly connected to each radiation arm, the bottom of each balun arm is respectively connected to the base, and the bottom of the balun arm or the base is provided with a grounding portion;

[0008] Two feeding conductors for feeding two of the radiation arms respectively, each of the feeding conductors being correspondingly arranged on each of the balun arms;

[0009] The terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors are used to connect to an external feed network. The two terminal conductor segments are gathered and spaced apart on the grounding portion, and the two terminal conductor segments both reuse the grounding portion as a radio frequency ground.

[0010] In one embodiment, the terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors are directly electrically connected to the terminal segment of the feed core wire of the external feed network to form an intersection, and the grounding portion also serves as a radio frequency ground for the intersection and the terminal segment of the feed core wire;

[0011] The terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors, the terminal segment of the feed core wire and the grounding portion form a power divider.

[0012] In one embodiment, the radiating arm is matched and interconnected with the external feeding network at the intersection through the two feeding conductors and the power divider.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the power of the radio frequency signals on the two radiating arms is adjusted by adjusting the impedance parameters of the end conductor segments of the two feeding conductors in the power divider.

[0014] In one embodiment, the impedance parameter adjustment of the terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors can be achieved by at least one of the cross-sectional dimensions of the two terminal conductor segments, the distances between the two terminal conductor segments and the grounding portion, and the spacing between the two terminal conductor segments.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the power divider further includes a dielectric member, and the dielectric member is disposed between the grounding portion and the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor.

[0016] In one embodiment, the dielectric member is disposed in a gap between the ground portion and the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor; or the dielectric member is integrated between the ground portion and the terminal conductor segment by injection molding.

[0017] In one embodiment, the radiation unit also includes an auxiliary welding part, and the auxiliary welding part and the intersection part are both arranged at one end of the grounding part away from the balun arm; the auxiliary welding part and the grounding part are insulated from each other; the auxiliary welding part includes a mounting wall, and two mounting holes are provided on the mounting wall, and the end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are correspondingly passed through the two mounting holes, and the feed conductor and the feed core wire of the external feeding network are both welded and fixed on the auxiliary welding part; or, the auxiliary welding part is an auxiliary welding layer, and the auxiliary welding layer is arranged at one end of the dielectric component by local electroplating or local spraying process.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, the dielectric component and the auxiliary welding component are integrated by integral injection molding.

[0019] In one embodiment, the auxiliary welding part also includes a positioning wall connected to the mounting wall, the positioning wall is arranged around the circumference of the mounting wall, and the dielectric member is provided between the positioning wall and the grounding portion; and / or at least one positioning recess is formed on the positioning wall, and the positioning recess is used to position the feeding core wire of the external feeding network.

[0020] In one of the embodiments, an insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the feed conductor.

[0021] In one embodiment, the grounding portion is integrally formed with the bottom of the balun arm or the base.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, each of the feed conductors is correspondingly arranged with each of the balun arms and the grounding portion to form a transmission line for feeding, and the head end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are set as open ends.

[0023] In one embodiment, the grounding portion is directly electrically connected to a grounding element of the external feeding network.

[0024] In one of the embodiments, a weldable layer is provided on the surface of the grounding portion, and the weldable layer of the grounding portion is welded and connected to a grounding member of the external power feeding network.

[0025] In one of the embodiments, the feed conductor is arranged on the front side of the balun arm, on the back side of the balun arm, or on the side side of the balun arm.

[0026] In one of the embodiments, the feed conductor includes a main conductor segment and a head end conductor segment connected to the main conductor segment; the balun arm includes two radiating arms, and each of the balun arms includes two balun arms; each of the balun arms is correspondingly connected to each of the radiating arms; for the correspondingly connected balun arms and the radiating arms, the main conductor segment is arranged on one of the balun arms, and the head end conductor segment is coupled and fed with the other balun arm or is coupled and fed with the radiating arm connected to the other balun arm.

[0027] In one of the embodiments, the grounding portion is provided with a through hole, and the end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are both inserted into the same through hole; or, the grounding portion is provided with two through holes, and the end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are inserted into the two through holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0028] In one of the embodiments, the feed conductor is arranged on the back side of the balun structure, the side wall of the grounding portion is configured as a non-closed structure, and the end conductor segment of the feed conductor can penetrate into the grounding portion from the periphery of the grounding portion.

[0029] In one of the embodiments, the radiation unit also includes a first insulating fixing member correspondingly arranged on the balun arm, and the first insulating fixing member is used to fix the feed conductor on the balun arm; the radiation unit also includes a second insulating fixing member arranged on the base, and the second insulating fixing member is used to fix the feed conductor on the base.

[0030] In one embodiment, a hollow hole is provided on the balun arm and / or the base; the balun arm and the base are separately provided or integrally formed.

[0031] In one of the embodiments, each of the balun arms and / or the base is provided with a groove corresponding to the position of each of the feed conductors; the feed conductor is inserted into the groove corresponding to its position and is insulated from the balun structure.

[0032] In one of the embodiments, the radiation unit further includes a fastener, which is disposed on the grounding portion; a mounting surface is provided on a side wall of the grounding portion, and the end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are placed on the mounting surface and fixed to the grounding portion by the fastener.

[0033] In one of the embodiments, the mounting surface is a plane or an arc-shaped surface; the fastener is grounded on the grounding portion; the fastener is made of a dielectric material; and an insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor.

[0034] In one of the embodiments, the number of the radiating arms is four and they are arranged diagonally in pairs, and the two radiating arms arranged diagonally are set to the same polarization; the number of the balun arms is four and the four balun arms are connected to the four radiating arms accordingly; the number of the feeding conductors is four and the four feeding conductors are arranged to correspond to the four radiating arms; the number of the grounding parts is at least two and the two grounding parts are arranged to correspond to the two pairs of polarized feeding conductors one by one, respectively.

[0035] An antenna comprises the radiation unit.

[0036] The above antenna and radiation unit, balun arm or balun arm and base, on the one hand, serve as the RF ground of the feed conductor; on the other hand, the RF transmission line formed together with the feed conductor replaces the original coaxial cable to feed the radiation arm, that is, the feed conductor is placed in the feeding area set on the radiation arm to form a RF transmission line for feeding. The end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are gathered and spaced apart, installed on the grounding part, and the reused grounding part is used as the RF ground. Compared with the previous structure, the welding link with the combiner component is eliminated, and the connection nodes between the radiation unit feed conductor and the external feeding network are reduced, thereby reducing the loss of the antenna RF link.

[0037] Furthermore, the end conductor segments of the two feeding conductors are directly electrically connected to the feeding core wires of the external feeding network to form an intersection, thereby realizing the reuse of the end conductor segments of the feeding conductors, which together with the intersection, the end segments of the feeding core wires of the external feeding network and the grounding portion constitute a power divider, thereby realizing the integrated integration of the power divider of the radiating unit with the feeding conductor and the balun base.

[0038] In addition, the radiating unit completes the corresponding impedance transformation in the grounding area through the terminal conductor segments of the two feeding conductors in the power divider, and the two terminal conductor segments intersect and are directly electrically connected to the feeding core wire of the external feeding network with a specific resistance value (for example, 50Ω). Compared with the related art, on the one hand, there is no need to add another impedance transformer, thereby eliminating the special circuit combining component; on the other hand, the integrated power divider not only realizes the broadband impedance matching between the radiating unit and the external feeding network, but also has the function of power distribution for the two radiating arms of the same polarization in the radiating unit. In engineering applications, when used as a transmitting antenna, the external feeding network feeds the first and second radio frequency signals through the two radiating arms of the same polarization described in the power divider; when used as a receiving antenna, the external feeding network receives the first and second radio frequency signals of the external space electromagnetic waves received by the two radiating arms through the power divider; the power of the first and second radio frequency signals is adjusted by adjusting the impedance parameters of the terminal conductor segments of the two feeding conductors in the power divider.

[0039] Furthermore, the impedance parameter adjustment of the end conductor segment of the feed conductor can be achieved through the size of the end conductor segment, the distance between each end conductor segment and the grounding part, the spacing between the two end conductor segments, and the size of the medium around it, and the dielectric constant, and the impedance parameter design is flexible and convenient. In this way, on the one hand, this technical innovation scheme reduces the solder joints and solder joint losses of the radiation unit, and reduces the number of parts, greatly simplifies the manufacturing process, and truly realizes the electroplating-free vibrator. While achieving the green goal, it reduces the types of materials, reduces costs, and improves the problem of poor intermodulation stability of traditional solutions; on the other hand, the radiation unit integrates a power divider with a clustered layout, and the structure realizes the simplest design of the radiation unit as much as possible. Electrically, it realizes broadband impedance matching between the radiation unit and the external feeding network, and also realizes the power adjustment function of the radio frequency signal transmitted / received by the two radiation arms of the same polarization in the radiation unit. In network applications, it can cover more accurately, reduce beam energy loss, thereby improving network communication quality and further saving energy and reducing emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a top view of the radiation unit of the first embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The back structural view of the base of the first embodiment in the shown structure.

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The back structural view of the base of the second embodiment in the shown structure.

[0043] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The back structural view of the base of the third embodiment in the shown structure.

[0044] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A back structural view of the base of the fourth embodiment in the shown structure.

[0045] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A back structural view of the base of the fifth embodiment in the shown structure.

[0046] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of the feed conductors in the structure shown.

[0047] Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the radiation unit according to the second embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Fig. 9 This is a structural diagram of a radiation unit according to the third embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Fig.10 This is a structural diagram of a radiation unit according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Fig.11 This is a structural diagram of a radiation unit according to the fifth embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Fig.12 This is a structural diagram of a radiation unit according to the sixth embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Fig.13 This is a structural diagram of a grounding portion of a radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0053] Fig.14 This is a structural diagram of a grounding portion of a radiation unit according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0054] Fig.15 This is a back structural diagram of the base of the radiation unit of the seventh embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Fig.16 This is a structural diagram of an auxiliary welding component according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Fig.17 This is a structural diagram of a feeding conductor installed on a single arm of a balun according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Fig.18 This is a structural diagram of a feeding conductor installed on a single arm of a balun according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Fig.19 This is a structural diagram of a feed conductor installed on a single arm of a balun according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Fig. 20 This is a simulation diagram of the radiation index of the radiation unit of the first embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Fig.21 It is a simulation diagram of the S parameters of the radiation unit of the first embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Fig. 22 This is a simulation diagram of the radiation index of the radiation unit of the first embodiment of the present application.

[0062] Fig.23 It is a structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0063] Fig.24 This is a structural diagram of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Fig.25 This is a structural diagram of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0065] 10. Radiating arm; 11. Radiating single arm; 12. Coupling slot; 20. Balun structure; 21. Base; 22. Balun arm; 221. Balun single arm; 222. Hollow hole; 23. Grounding part; 231. Mounting surface; 232. Through hole; 233. Gap; 24. Groove; 25. Dielectric member; 251. Mounting slot; 30. Feed conductor; 31. Head conductor segment; 32. Main conductor segment; 33. End conductor segment; 34. Insulating layer; 40. Auxiliary welding part; 41. Mounting wall; 411. Mounting hole; 42. Positioning wall; 421. Positioning recess; 51. First insulating fixture; 53. Third insulating fixture; 60. Coaxial cable; 61. Feed core wire; 70. Fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0067] In the prior art, in order to realize the coaxial cable feeding the radiating arm, it is often necessary to electroplate the metal part of the entire radiating unit and weld the feeding point, which brings environmental pollution and increased costs. Later, the industry proposed a technical solution to solve the problems of environmental pollution and high costs by using a feed conductor, a balun arm and a base to form a transmission line and connect it to a combiner component, and then connect it to an external feeding network through a combiner component. The inventor found that although the above-mentioned new transmission line method can achieve electroplating-free, the bottom end of the feed conductor still needs to be welded to the combiner component, and then it is necessary to set a solderable layer on the inner conductor of the combiner component by electroplating, and adopt welding to achieve the welding connection between the combiner component and the bottom end of the feed conductor. Electroplating a solderable layer on the inner conductor of the combiner component and welding the feed conductor to the inner conductor of the combiner component will both cause environmental pollution and increased costs. At the same time, the feed conductor and the combiner component need to adopt different types of transmission signal lines, which further increases the cost. Furthermore, in order to simplify the structure of the radiation unit in the related art, the impedance of the radiation unit is directly connected to the external feeding network without matching optimization. This direct connection design will cause the problem of narrow impedance bandwidth. Furthermore, in order to optimize the performance of the radiation unit in the related art, the improvement scheme proposed is specifically to load a coupling conductor on the radiation arm of the radiation unit, and the feeding conductor is divided into two parts, one is a separate conductor integrated on the balun, and the other is a feeding transmission line as an independent component, and the two are connected to each other to form the feeding conductor of the radiation unit; the loading conductor and more feeding interconnections make the radiation unit structure complicated, and the interconnection points on the feeding wires are prone to intermodulation risks, and the cost is also high.

[0068] Based on the above reasons, the present application provides an antenna and a radiation unit, which can reduce welding points, thereby reducing the feeding loss of the antenna unit and reducing costs, while ensuring that the performance of the antenna will not decrease, and can improve the antenna's electromagnetic wave precise coverage capability, reduce radiation energy waste, and provide a more green and environmentally friendly technical solution.

[0069] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 An embodiment of the present application provides a radiation unit, which includes: two radiation arms 10 constituting the same polarization, a balun structure 20 and two feeding conductors 30.

[0070] The balun structure 20 includes a base 21 and at least two balun arms 22. The bottom of each balun arm 22 is connected to the base 21, and the top of each balun arm 22 is connected to and supports each radiation arm 10.

[0071] A grounding portion 23 is provided on the bottom or base 21 of the balun arm 22. Optionally, the grounding portion 23 is directly electrically connected to a grounding member of an external feed network.

[0072] Specifically, the balun structure 20 and each radiation arm 10 are an integrated structure. Optionally, the balun structure 20 and the radiation arm 10 include but are not limited to being integrally formed by die casting, forging, sheet metal, etc. In this way, mass production can be achieved, manufacturing costs can be reduced, and manufacturing efficiency can be improved.

[0073] Optionally, each radiation arm 10 includes two radiation arms 11, and each balun arm 22 includes two balun arms 221. Each balun arm 221 is connected to each radiation arm 11 correspondingly.

[0074] Each feeding conductor 30 is correspondingly disposed on each balun arm 22. Two feeding conductors 30 feed two radiating arms 10 respectively.

[0075] The feed conductor 30 includes a head conductor segment 31, a main conductor segment 32 and a terminal conductor segment 33 which are sequentially connected. The two terminal conductor segments 33 are both arranged on the grounding portion 23, so that the metal surface close to the grounding portion 23 can reuse the grounding portion 23 as the radio frequency ground. The terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30 are connected to the external feed network. The two terminal conductor segments 33 are gathered and spaced apart on the grounding portion 23. An insulating layer 34 may be provided on the outer wall of the two terminal conductor segments 33, so that the two terminal conductor segments 33 are gathered together but spaced apart. The terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30 reuse the grounding portion 23 as the radio frequency ground.

[0076] Specifically, the terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30 are directly electrically connected to the terminal segment of the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network to form an intersection, and the grounding portion 23 also serves as the radio frequency ground of the intersection and the terminal segment of the feed core wire 61. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the portion of the terminal segment of the feed core wire 61 that serves as the intersection is a small segment of its terminal, and similarly, the portion of the terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30 that serves as the intersection is also a small segment of its terminal.

[0077] The terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30, the terminal segment of the feed core wire 61 and the grounding portion 23 form a power divider. The radiating arm 10 is matched and interconnected with the external feed network at the intersection through the two feed conductors 30 and the power divider. In other words, the impedances of the two radiating arms 10 are matched and connected to the terminal segment of the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network after impedance transformation by the two terminal conductor segments 33 corresponding to each other.

[0078] The grounding portion 23 of the present embodiment is designed as a conductor portion of a hollow structure, that is, a through hole 232 is formed in the grounding portion 23. The two terminal conductor segments 33 are gathered and penetrated in the grounding portion 23 of the hollow structure, and are respectively extended out of the grounding portion 23 of the hollow structure and are directly electrically connected to the ends of the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network, and the connection forms an intersection. The intersection includes but is not limited to being formed by welding. The grounding portion 23 also serves as the radio frequency ground of the intersection and the terminal segment of the feed core wire 61. The terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30, the terminal segment of the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network and the grounding portion 23 form a power divider. Specifically, the terminal segment of the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network serves as the common end of the power divider, wherein the terminal conductor segment 33 of one feed conductor 30 serves as a branch of the power divider, and the terminal conductor segment 33 of the other feed conductor 30 serves as another branch of the power divider. The grounding portion 23 is the radio frequency ground of the power divider circuit.

[0079] In one embodiment, the end conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30 and their corresponding grounding portions 23 also serve as impedance transformers of the corresponding radiation arms 10 at a radio frequency basis. The impedance transformers of the two corresponding radiation arms 10 are integrated in a power divider, thereby achieving a broadband matching connection between the radiation unit impedance and the external feeding network through the feed conductors 30 and the power divider.

[0080] In order to optimize the radiation performance of the radiation unit and improve the precise coverage energy of the antenna in network applications, the impedance parameters of the terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feeding conductors 30 in the power divider can be adjusted to adjust the power of the radio frequency signals on the two radiation arms 10. In this way, by adjusting the impedance parameters of the two branches, a specific proportion of power is allocated to the radio frequency electromagnetic signals on the two radiation arms 10, thereby adjusting the radiation beam of the antenna in space, optimizing the coverage, and making the electromagnetic wave energy fall into the service area as much as possible, reducing the waste of radiation energy, improving the quality of network communication, and saving energy and reducing emissions.

[0081] The impedance parameters of the terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30 in the power divider can be adjusted by optimizing at least one of the cross-sectional size of the terminal conductor segments 33 of the feed conductor 30, the distance between the terminal conductor segments 33 and the grounding portion 23, and the spacing between the two terminal conductor segments 33.

[0082] In one embodiment, see Fig.23 The array antenna shown, Fig.23 The array antenna in the Figure 2 or Figure 3The radiating unit shown. In order to optimize the radiation beam performance of the antenna and improve the coverage effect, this embodiment is achieved by adjusting the impedance parameters of the two branches of the power divider. In combination with the reflector of this embodiment, the boundary of the column isolation plate and other environments, the specific measures for adjusting the power distribution are: in the two radiating arms 10 of the same polarization, the cross-sectional size of the end conductor segment 33 corresponding to the radiating arm 10 close to the edge of the reflector is set larger, that is, for example, the diameter is set larger, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 Specifically, the electromagnetic signal power ratio of the radiating arm 10 close to the edge of the reflector and the radiating arm 10 close to the inter-column isolation plate is optimized to the target value starting from the cross-sectional dimensions of the two end conductor segments 33 being equal (i.e., 1:1). When the cross-sectional dimensions of the two end conductor segments 33 are adjusted to the target value, the waste of radiation energy can be reduced, the antenna beam coverage efficiency can be improved, and the energy efficiency of the antenna can be improved. For example, the target value is set to 1.3:0.7, as Figure 3 In the two end conductor segments 33 of the same polarization, the cross-sectional size of the end conductor segment 33 at the left position is smaller than the cross-sectional size of the end conductor segment 33 at the right position. Fig. 22 It can be seen that from the performance comparison of the normalized radiation pattern of the antenna before and after adjusting the impedance of the power divider branch, it can be seen that the adjusted antenna radiation direction has a lower level value in the side and rear areas, which reduces the electromagnetic radiation in the side and rear directions, allowing more electromagnetic energy to gather to the service cell, improving the antenna beam efficiency, and thus improving the energy efficiency of the antenna; improving the antenna's precise coverage capability in network applications.

[0083] Each feed conductor 30 is arranged corresponding to each balun arm 22 and the grounding portion 23 to form a transmission line for feeding, and the head end conductor segments 31 of the two feed conductors 30 are preferably set as open ends. Specifically, the feed conductor 30 can be understood as a structure similar to the inner conductor of a coaxial cable, for example, it can be a conductive core wire, a cylindrical metal conductor, or a sheet metal conductor structure. That is: in the transmission line of the present invention, the feed conductor 30 does not have a shielding layer of a traditional coaxial cable compared to a traditional coaxial cable, and does not have a metal ground layer compared to a traditional PCB microstrip line. The transmission line uses a balun arm 22 (or a structure of a balun arm 22 and a portion of the base 21 where the feed conductor 30 is arranged) and a grounding portion 23 as a radio frequency ground (that is, a new outer conductor, or a new metal ground layer).

[0084] In some embodiments, when the grounding portion 23 is disposed on the base 21, the feed conductor 30 is arranged along the balun arm 22 and extends to the base 21, and then extends to the grounding portion 23, and the grounding portion 23 is reused as the radio frequency ground. In this case, the base 21 portion for arranging the feed conductor 30 and the transmission line composed of the feed conductor 30 function to achieve signal conduction between the balun arm 22 and the external feeding network.

[0085] The grounding portion 23 is directly electrically connected to the grounding member of the external feeding network, including but not limited to welding, so that the bottom of the base 21 / balun arm 22 is electrically connected to the grounding member of the external feeding network to achieve grounding.

[0086] Preferably, the terminal conductor segment 33 of the feed conductor 30 is connected to the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network by welding to form an intersection, so that the terminal conductor segment 33 of the feed conductor 30 is electrically connected to the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network.

[0087] The external feed network is, for example, connected to a coaxial cable 60. Accordingly, the grounding member of the external feed network refers to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 60, and the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network is also the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 60. The bottom end of the feed conductor 30 is electrically connected to the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network by being electrically connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 60, thereby realizing transmission of the feed signal; the grounding portion 23 is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 60, thereby realizing electrical connection with the grounding member of the external feed network, thereby improving the transmission stability of the signal.

[0088] Of course, the coaxial cable 60 may also be omitted. Optionally, the terminal conductor segment 33 of the feed conductor 30 directly extends downward to the location of the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network, and is electrically connected to the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network, and the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network is a signal line of the external feed network. In addition, the base 21 / balun arm 22 is directly electrically connected to the grounding member of the external feed network, and the grounding member of the external feed network is, for example, a grounding cavity.

[0089] Further, in order to realize the welding connection between the base 21 / balun arm 22 and the grounding member of the external feed network, a weldable cladding layer is provided on at least one outer wall of the base 21 / balun arm 22 and the grounding member of the external feed network. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a weldable layer is provided on the surface of the grounding portion 23 to facilitate welding with the grounding member of the external feed network. In addition, in order to realize the welding connection between the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network and the feed conductor 30, a weldable cladding layer may also be provided on at least one outer wall of the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network and the feed conductor 30.

[0090] The above-mentioned radiation unit, balun arm 22 or balun arm 22 and base 21, on the one hand, serve as the radio frequency ground of the feed conductor 30; on the other hand, the radio frequency transmission line formed together with the feed conductor 30 replaces the original coaxial cable 60 to feed the radiation arm 10, that is, the feed conductor 30 is placed in the feeding area set on the radiation arm 10 to form a radio frequency transmission line for feeding. One end of the feed conductor 30 can preferably be replaced by an open circuit to replace the original short-circuit welding to reduce welding points; compared with the previous structure, the other end of the two end conductor segments 33 of the feed conductor 30 are gathered and spaced apart, installed on the grounding part 23, and the grounding part 23 is reused as the radio frequency ground, so that the link of welding with the combiner component is eliminated, and the connection nodes between the radiation unit feed conductor and the external feeding network are reduced, thereby reducing the loss of the antenna radio frequency link.

[0091] The end conductor segments 33 of the two feeding conductors 30 extend and are directly electrically connected to the feeding core wire 61 of the external feeding network to form an intersection, thereby realizing the reuse of the end conductor segments 33 of the feeding conductor 30, and together with the intersection, the end conductor segments 33 of the feeding core wire 61 of the external feeding network and the grounding portion 23, a power divider is formed, realizing the integrated integration of the power divider of the radiation unit with the feeding conductor 30 and the balun base 21; specifically, the radiation unit completes the corresponding impedance transformation in the grounding portion 23 area through the end conductor segments 33 of the two feeding conductors 30 in the power divider, and the two end conductor segments 33 intersect and are directly electrically connected to the feeding core wire 61 of the external feeding network with a specific resistance value (for example, 50Ω) for use. Compared with the related art, on the one hand, there is no need to add an additional impedance transformer, thereby eliminating the special circuit combining component; on the other hand, the integrated power divider not only realizes the broadband impedance matching between the radiating unit and the external feeding network, but also has the function of power distribution to the two radiating arms 10 of the same polarization in the radiating unit. In engineering applications, when used as a transmitting antenna, the external feeding network feeds the first and second radio frequency signals through the two radiating arms 10 of the same polarization described in the power divider; when used as a receiving antenna, the external feeding network receives the first and second radio frequency signals of the external space electromagnetic waves received by the two radiating arms 10 through the power divider; the power of the first and second radio frequency signals is adjusted by adjusting the impedance parameters of the terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feeding conductors 30 in the power divider. The impedance parameter adjustment of the terminal conductor segment 33 of the feeding conductor 30 can be achieved through at least one of the size of the terminal conductor segment 33, the distance between the terminal conductor segment 33 and the grounding portion 23, the spacing between the two terminal conductor segments 33, and the size of the medium around them and the dielectric constant, and the impedance parameter design is flexible and convenient. On the one hand, this technical innovation solution reduces the solder joints and solder joint losses of the radiation unit, and reduces the number of parts, greatly simplifies the production process, truly realizes the electroplating-free vibrator, achieves the green goal, reduces the types of materials, reduces costs and improves the problem of poor intermodulation stability of traditional solutions; on the other hand, the radiation unit integrates a power divider with a clustered layout, structurally realizes the simplest design of the radiation unit as possible, electrically realizes broadband impedance matching between the radiation unit and the external feeding network, and also realizes the power adjustment function of the radio frequency signals transmitted / received by the two radiation arms 10 of the same polarization in the radiation unit. In network applications, it can provide more accurate coverage and reduce beam energy loss, thereby improving network communication quality and further saving energy and reducing emissions.

[0092] Based on the above embodiments, the impedance transformer achieves impedance matching adjustment by adjusting at least one of the coupling spacing between the two end conductor segments 33 , the cross-sectional dimensions of the two end conductor segments 33 , the material and parameters of the dielectric component 25 , and the inner diameter of the grounding portion 23 .

[0093] See also Figure 2 and Fig.16 In some embodiments, the power divider further includes a dielectric member 25. The dielectric member 25 is disposed between the ground portion 23 and the two terminal conductor segments 33. In this way, the dielectric member 25 can better ensure a stable distance between the three. At the same time, the matching performance and power distribution of the power divider can also be optimized by adjusting the structure and dielectric constant of the dielectric member 25.

[0094] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the dielectric member 25 is disposed in the gap between the grounding portion 23 and the terminal conductor segment 33 of the feed conductor 30 ; or the dielectric member 25 is integrated between the grounding portion 23 and the terminal conductor segment 33 by injection molding.

[0095] Of course, for some optional options, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the dielectric member 25 may not be provided. Specifically, an insulating layer 34 is provided on the outer wall of the feed conductor 30. More specifically, an insulating layer 34 is provided on the terminal conductor segment 33, and the insulating layer 34 plays an isolation role, which can prevent the terminal conductor segment 33 from contacting the grounding portion 23 and causing a short circuit.

[0096] It should be noted that the grounding portion 23 is not limited to the conductor portion of the hollow structure in the above embodiment. Optionally, the grounding portion 23 can also be various structural forms such as a plate or a slotted member, as long as it is sufficient to install the terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0097] For more details, please refer to Figure 5 The radiation unit further includes a fastener 70 . The fastener 70 is disposed on the grounding portion 23 . A mounting surface 231 is disposed on the side wall of the grounding portion 23 . The end conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30 are placed on the mounting surface 231 and fixed to the grounding portion 23 by the fastener 70 .

[0098] Based on the above embodiments, the mounting surface 231 can be set as a flat surface or a curved surface (such as Figure 5 As shown), it can also be set to other irregular shapes, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs and are not limited here.

[0099] Optionally, the fastener 70 is disposed on the grounding portion 23 in a clamping manner. In this way, the fastener 70 is easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0100] Optionally, the fastener 70 can be made of either dielectric material or metal material, which is not limited here. In this embodiment, the fastener 70 is specifically made of dielectric material, so as to improve product performance.

[0101] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the grounding portion 23 is integrally formed with the bottom or base 21 of the balun arm 22 .

[0102] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment, a weldable layer is provided on the outer wall of the grounding portion 23. The weldable layer is welded to the grounding member of the external feeding network. In this way, when the grounding portion 23 is welded to the grounding member of the external feeding network (for example, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 60), the feeding conductor 30 extending outward from the grounding portion 23 can also be directly welded to the feeding core wire 61 of the external feeding network (for example, the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 60).

[0103] In some embodiments, the weldable layer includes but is not limited to being coated or sprayed on the outer wall of the grounding portion 23. In addition, the surface area of ​​the balun structure 20 other than the grounding portion 23 does not need to be designed with a weldable layer. In other words, it is not welded to other components to minimize welding points and reduce manufacturing costs, thereby reducing the cost of the radiation unit by more than 15% and making the product manufacturing process more environmentally friendly.

[0104] The balun arm 22 of the balun structure 20 or the balun arm 22 and the feeding conductor 30 on the base 21 use the same type of signal transmission line, which can omit the combining component welded to the feeding conductor 30 in the related technology, thereby reducing the types of transmission lines and their transition nodes, i.e., solder joints, thereby reducing losses.

[0105] The bottom end of the feed conductor 30 extends downward to the inside of the grounding portion 23 and passes out from the grounding portion 23. The part where the feed conductor 30 passes downward out of the grounding portion 23 is located at the back of the radiation unit, and is directly electrically connected to the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network at the back of the radiation unit. It can be seen that there will no longer be any solder joints on the front of the entire radiation unit, and compared with the solution in the related art where the coupling component is passed through the grounding portion 23, the purpose of eliminating electroplating of the radiation unit and reducing the types of materials is completely achieved.

[0106] In some embodiments, the specific shape of the feed conductor 30 can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, including but not limited to conductors with axial cross-sections of various regular shapes such as circular, elliptical, square, triangular, pentagonal, and other irregular shapes. When the shape of the feed conductor 30 is adjusted, richer impedance values ​​can be obtained to facilitate impedance matching.

[0107] When the axial cross-section of the feed conductor 30 is circular, Fig.17 As shown, the diameter of the feed conductor 30 along its axial direction can be either constant or variable, for example, gradually increasing or decreasing or in other forms, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs; when the feed conductor 30 is configured as a sheet or plate, as shown in FIG. Fig.18and Fig.19 As shown, the thickness of the feed conductor 30 can be constant along its length, that is, a plate with uniform thickness; or it can be variable in size, that is, a plate with non-uniform thickness, such as gradually increasing or decreasing or other forms, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0108] See also Figures 1 to 7 or Figure 8 , Figure 8 Compared to Figure 1 In terms of the balun structure 20, the difference is that the feed conductor 30 is arranged on the back of the balun arm 22, and the same structure is that the feed conductor 30 is maintained on the balun structure 20 as a whole. In one embodiment, the feed conductor 30 is maintained on the balun structure 20 as a whole. Among them, the maintenance in this embodiment is also fixed. Since the entire feed conductor 30 is maintained on the balun structure 20, the entire feed conductor 30 and the balun structure 20 constitute a transmission line to feed the radiation unit without overlapping with the radiation arm 10. That is, the feed conductor 30 is, for example, arranged in a bent shape, the feed conductor 30 is arranged on one of the balun arms 221, specifically, for example, extending along one of the balun arms 221, and the head end conductor segment 31 of the feed conductor 30 is arranged on another balun arm 221, specifically, for example, bent to another balun arm 221, and combined with another balun arm 221 to form a feed transmission line. This can help the overall structure of the radiation unit to be compact, simplify assembly, and improve the overall assembly stability.

[0109] Of course, in some optional solutions, the feed conductor 30 is not limited to being entirely maintained on the balun structure 20 in the above embodiment, but for example, most of the structure is maintained on the balun structure 20, and the remaining structure can also extend to the area outside the balun structure 20, for example, to form an open transmission line with the radiation arm 10 for coupling electrical connection. Fig. 9 or Fig.10 , optionally, each head-end conductor segment 31 is coupled and fed with each radiation arm 10. Each feed conductor 30 is coupled and electrically connected with the balun structure 20, and the head-end conductor segment 31 has the same extension direction as the radiation arm 10 to which it is coupled and fed. Specifically, for the correspondingly connected balun arms 22 and radiation arms 10, the main conductor segment 32 is arranged on one of the balun arms 221, for example, extending along one of the balun arms 221, and is insulated and closely attached to one of the balun arms 221 to form a transmission line, and the head-end conductor segment 31 is coupled and fed with the radiation arm 11 connected to the other balun arm 221.

[0110] See also Figure 2 , Fig.13 and Fig.14In one embodiment, the grounding portion 23 includes a through hole 232, and the terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30, that is, the bottom ends, are both inserted into the same through hole 232; or, the grounding portion 23 includes two through holes 232, and the terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30 are inserted into the two through holes 232 in a one-to-one correspondence. In this way, when the terminal conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30 are respectively inserted into the two through holes 232, it is helpful to realize that the terminal conductor segments 33 of each feed conductor 30 are stably positioned and installed in the corresponding through hole 232, so as to improve the antenna performance.

[0111] See also Figure 2 and Fig.16 In some embodiments, the radiation unit may further include an auxiliary welding member 40. The auxiliary welding member 40 and the intersection are both arranged at one end of the grounding portion 23 away from the balun arm 22. The auxiliary welding member 40 and the grounding portion 23 are insulated from each other. The auxiliary welding member 40 includes a mounting wall 41, and two mounting holes 411 are provided on the mounting wall 41. The end conductor segments 33 of the two feed conductors 30 are correspondingly inserted into the two mounting holes 411. The feed conductors 30 and the feed core wires 61 of the external feed network are both welded and fixed on the auxiliary welding member 40. In this way, the auxiliary welding member 40 can play a role in strengthening welding, so that the welding stability of the feed conductor 30 and the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network is improved, and the two are prevented from loosening.

[0112] See also Figure 2 Optionally, the dielectric member 25 is integrated with the auxiliary welding member 40 by injection molding.

[0113] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the auxiliary welding component 40 further includes a positioning wall 42 connected to the mounting wall 41 . The positioning wall 42 is arranged around the circumference of the mounting wall 41 . A dielectric component 25 is provided between the positioning wall 42 and the grounding portion 23 .

[0114] Optionally, at least one positioning recess 421 is formed on the positioning wall 42 , and the positioning recess 421 is used to position the feed core wire 61 of the external feed network, so that the feed core wire 61 can be welded and fixed to the auxiliary welding member 40 .

[0115] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 In order to more clearly show the structural relationship between the dielectric member 25, the grounding portion 23 and the feed conductor 30, Figure 2The grounding portion 23 at the middle left position shows its axial cross-sectional structure and hides the auxiliary welding part 40 (it should be noted that those skilled in the art can understand that in some embodiments, the radiation unit may not be provided with the auxiliary welding part 40). Based on the above-mentioned embodiment, the positioning wall 42 is arranged around the circumference of the mounting wall 41, and a dielectric member 25 is provided between the positioning wall 42 and the inner wall of the grounding portion 23, so as to realize the mutual insulation connection between the positioning wall 42 and the grounding portion 23.

[0116] See also Figure 2 On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, in order to enable the auxiliary welding component 40 to be fixedly disposed inside the grounding portion 23, the dielectric component 25 is fixedly disposed inside the grounding portion 23, and a mounting groove 251 is provided on the dielectric component 25, and the auxiliary welding component 40 is installed in the mounting groove 251.

[0117] See also Figure 6 In some embodiments, the auxiliary welding member 40 is an auxiliary welding layer, and the auxiliary welding layer is disposed on one end of the dielectric member 25 by a local electroplating or local spraying process.

[0118] See also Figure 4 and Fig.17 In a specific embodiment, an insulating layer 34 is provided on the outer wall of the feed conductor 30. Optionally, the insulating layer 34 is arranged around the circumference of the feed conductor 30. The insulating layer 34 extends from one end of the feed conductor 30 to the other end of the feed conductor 30. In this way, the insulating layer 34 plays an insulating isolation role, which can prevent the feed conductor 30 and the balun structure 20 from short-circuiting due to contact; in addition, when the insulating layer 34 and the balun structure 20 abut against each other, the thickness of the insulating layer 34 can determine the gap size between the feed conductor 30 and the balun structure 20, ensure the impedance stability of the feed conductor 30, and achieve stable energy transmission between the feed conductor 30 and the balun structure 20. In addition, the balun structure 20 is provided with a groove 24 for installing the feed conductor 30. When the feed conductor 30 is closely abutted against the groove wall of the groove 24 through the insulating layer 34, it is stably installed in the groove 24, and can avoid electrical contact with the groove wall of the groove 24 to cause a short circuit.

[0119] The grooves 24 can be arranged as a continuous group according to actual conditions (such as Fig. 9 as shown) or multi-stage settings (as shown Fig.11 shown).

[0120] Of course, see Fig.18 and Fig.19, the insulating layer 34 can also be set to multiple layers, and they are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the feed conductor 30. In this way, the insulating layer 34 plays an insulating isolation role, which can prevent the feed conductor 30 and the balun structure 20 from short-circuiting due to contact; in addition, when the insulating layer 34 and the balun structure 20 abut against each other, the thickness of the insulating layer 34 can determine the gap size between the feed conductor 30 and the balun structure 20, ensure the impedance stability of the feed conductor 30, and achieve stable energy transmission between the feed conductor 30 and the balun structure 20. In addition, when the feed conductor 30 is closely abutted against the groove wall of the groove 24 through the insulating layer 34, it can be stably installed in the groove 24, and can avoid electrical contact with the groove wall of the groove 24 to cause a short circuit.

[0121] In some embodiments, the insulating layer 34 includes but is not limited to various insulating materials such as rubber material, resin material, polyurethane material, etc., and the specific material can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.

[0122] In some embodiments, the insulating layer 34 includes but is not limited to being formed by integral injection molding, 3D printing, bonding, or sleeved on the outer wall of the feed conductor 30 .

[0123] See also Figure 7 In one embodiment, the insulating layer 34 is provided with at least one slit 233, thinned area or hollowed area at the bending position corresponding to the feed conductor 30. Thus, since the insulating layer 34 is provided with at least one slit 233, thinned area or hollowed area at the bending position corresponding to the feed conductor 30, it is convenient to follow the bending operation of the feed conductor 30 during the assembly process, thereby improving the assembly efficiency.

[0124] It should be noted that the feed conductor 30 can be arranged on the front side of the balun arm 22 (such as Figure 1 As shown), it can also be arranged on the back side of the balun arm 22 (as shown Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 2 ), it can also be arranged on the side of the balun arm 22. When the feed conductor 30 is arranged on the front of the balun arm 22, it is convenient for assembly operation; when the feed conductor 30 is arranged on the back of the balun arm 22, it can avoid energy leakage, and the RF signal energy of the feed conductor 30 will not be coupled to the radiation units of other frequency bands in the surrounding area, thereby reducing the coupling interference between antennas of different frequency bands in the multi-frequency array (such as Fig.19 and Fig. 20 shown).

[0125] See also Figure 8 and Fig.15In one embodiment, under the premise that the grounding portion 23 is provided with a through hole 232, the feed conductor 30 is arranged on the back side of the balun structure 20, the side wall of the grounding portion 23 is set as a non-enclosed structure, the through hole 232 is connected to the external environment through the non-enclosed structure, and the bottom end of the feed conductor 30 can penetrate from the outer periphery of the grounding portion 23 into the through hole 232 of the grounding portion 23.

[0126] It should be noted that the non-closed structure refers to selecting a certain point in the side wall as the starting point, and moving one circle from the starting point along the circumferential direction around the side wall without being able to return to the starting point.

[0127] Specifically, the side wall of the grounding portion 23 is formed with a slit 233 or a slot connected to the grounding portion 23, so that the side wall of the grounding portion 23 is a non-enclosed structure, so that the bottom end of the feed conductor 30 can pass through the slit 233 or the slot and be installed in the grounding portion 23. In this way, when the feed conductor 30 is installed on the back of the balun structure 20, it is coupled and electrically connected with the balun structure 20. At the same time, since the feed conductor 30 is farther away from the high-frequency / low-frequency unit embedded in the middle area of ​​the bowl-shaped unit, and there is a balun barrier between the two, the weak radiation of the feed conductor 30 can be prevented from interfering with the coupling of the high-frequency / low-frequency unit; in addition, the bottom end of the feed conductor 30 can pass through the slit 233 or the slot and be installed in the grounding portion 23, so that the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor 30 and the grounding portion 23 can be electrically connected to the external feed network respectively, and the impedance is guaranteed to be within a reasonable range.

[0128] Furthermore, to ensure installation stability, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the radiation unit further includes a first insulating fixing member 51 correspondingly arranged on the balun arm 22. The first insulating fixing member 51 can fix the feed conductor 30 on the balun arm 22. In this way, under the action of the first insulating fixing member 51, it can be ensured that the feed conductor 30 and the balun arm 22 form a more stable structure.

[0129] In some embodiments, the first insulating fixing member 51 includes but is not limited to a buckle, specifically a plastic buckle, a rubber buckle, etc. In this way, it is mounted on the balun arm 22 by buckle clamping, and disassembly and assembly are more convenient and quick. Optionally, the number of the first insulating fixing member 51 is, for example, 1, 2, 3 or other numbers, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, and is not limited here.

[0130] See also Figure 1In one embodiment, the radiation unit further includes a second insulating fixture disposed on the base 21. The second insulating fixture is used to fix the feed conductor 30 on the base 21. In this way, the feed conductor 30 can be stably mounted on the base 21, preventing the feed conductor 30 from being loosened from the base 21, and ensuring the antenna performance.

[0131] See also Fig. 9 In some embodiments, when the head conductor segment 31 is arranged on the radiation arm 10, the radiation unit further includes a third insulating fixture 53 correspondingly arranged on the radiation arm 10. The third insulating fixture 53 is used to fix the head conductor segment 31 on the radiation arm 10. In this way, the third insulating fixture 53 can stably install the head conductor segment 31 on the radiation arm 10, improve the installation stability of the feed conductor 30 on the radiation arm 10, and thus ensure the antenna performance.

[0132] Optionally, the second insulating fixing member and the third insulating fixing member 53 are similar to the first insulating fixing member 51 , including but not limited to being buckles.

[0133] See also Fig.12 In one embodiment, a hollow hole 222 is provided on the balun arm 22, and the feed conductor 30 can pass through the hollow hole 222 from the back side of the balun arm 22 to the front side of the balun arm 22. In this way, by providing the hollow hole 222, the feed conductor 30 can be passed from the front side of the balun arm 22 to the back side of the balun arm 22, or from the back side of the balun arm 22 to the front side of the balun arm 22, or not passed through, according to actual conditions, so that the assembly of the feed conductor 30 on the balun arm 22 will be more flexible and reliable; in addition, the hollow hole 222 formed by partially hollowing out the balun arm 22 can adjust the impedance value to obtain better impedance matching.

[0134] In some embodiments, the shape of the hollow hole 222 includes but is not limited to regular shapes such as polygons, circles or ellipses and other special shapes, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs and are not limited here. The polygon can be a triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon, etc.

[0135] In some embodiments, the hollow hole 222 can be an opening with all sides closed or an opening with no closed area. The hollow hole 222 can be arranged on the bottom wall of the groove 24 of the balun arm 22, on the side wall of the groove 24 of the balun arm 22, or on the bottom wall and the side wall of the groove 24 of the balun arm 22 respectively.

[0136] In some embodiments, the number of the hollow holes 222 includes but is not limited to one, two, three or other numbers. When the number of the hollow holes 222 is set to multiple, the multiple hollow holes 222 are arranged on the bottom wall or side wall of the groove 24 at equal intervals or unequal intervals, and the shapes of the hollow holes 222 can be the same or different, which is not limited here.

[0137] In one embodiment, a second hollow opening is provided on the base 21, and the feed conductor 30 can pass through the second hollow opening from the back side of the base 21 to the front side of the base 21. Of course, the feed conductor 30 can also pass through the second hollow opening from the front side of the base 21 to the back side of the base 21.

[0138] In one embodiment, four radiating arms 10 are provided and arranged diagonally in pairs, and the two radiating arms 10 arranged diagonally are provided with the same polarization. Four balun arms 22 are provided, and the four balun arms 22 are connected to the four radiating arms 10 accordingly; four feeding conductors 30 are provided, and the four feeding conductors 30 are provided correspondingly to the four radiating arms 10. At least two grounding portions 23 are provided, and the two grounding portions 23 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the two pairs of polarized feeding conductors 30, respectively.

[0139] In some embodiments, the radiation unit in this embodiment can be either a single-polarization radiation unit or a dual-polarization radiation unit, which can be selected according to actual needs. In this embodiment and the accompanying drawings, the radiation unit is specifically set as a dual-polarization radiation unit for example, but it is not limited to this. Each polarization direction has two radiation arms 10 and two feeding conductors 30 that feed the two radiation arms 10 of the same polarization, one end of each feeding conductor 30 is set as an open end, one end of each feeding conductor 30 is coupled with its corresponding radiation arm 10 for feeding, and the other end of each feeding conductor 30 extends from the grounding portion 23 and is directly electrically connected to the feeding core wire 61 of the external feeding network.

[0140] See also Figure 1 , Fig.11 , Fig.17 and Fig.18 In one embodiment, each balun arm 22 and / or base 21 is provided with a groove 24 corresponding to the position of each feed conductor 30. The feed conductor 30 is inserted into the groove 24 corresponding to its position and is insulated from the groove 24. In this way, each feed conductor 30 is constrained in the groove 24 and forms a transmission line for feeding the radiation unit with each balun arm 22 and / or base 21, which can reduce welding points while reducing surface wave radiation, realize transmission, and thus improve the performance of the radiation unit. In addition, the groove 24 fixes the feed conductor 30, and the overall structure is compact. In addition, since the feed conductor 30 and the groove 24 are insulated from each other, it can prevent the feed conductor 30 from electrically contacting the balun arm 22 and / or base 21 to cause a short circuit.

[0141] As some optional solutions, each balun arm 22 is provided with a groove 24 corresponding to the position of each feed conductor 30, and the base 21 does not need to be provided with a groove 24. Alternatively, the base 21 is provided with a groove 24 corresponding to the position of each feed conductor 30, and the balun arm 22 does not need to be provided with a groove 24 (such as Fig.19 As shown). Alternatively, the base 21 and each balun arm 22 do not need to be provided with a groove 24, and the feed conductor 30 is arranged on the surface of the base 21 and the surface of the balun arm 22, so as to realize a structure similar to an air microstrip line. Among them, the advantages of the air microstrip line: the air microstrip line itself has a lower loss than the feeding loss of the coaxial cable 60, and the use of this form will obtain a higher radiation efficiency. In addition, compared with the RF transmission line structure formed by the feed conductor 30 being arranged in the groove 24, this microstrip line form has a more flexible size setting, making the impedance matching more convenient and controllable.

[0142] See also Figure 1 and Fig.13 In one embodiment, when the balun arm 22 and the base 21 are each provided with a groove 24 corresponding to the position of the same feed conductor 30, the groove 24 on the balun arm 22 and the groove 24 on the base 21 are connected to each other. In this way, the same feed conductor 30 can be respectively inserted into the groove 24 of the balun arm 22 and the groove 24 of the base 21 without switching, which not only facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the feed conductor 30, but also because after the feed conductor 30 is installed in place in the groove 24, each part of the feed conductor 30 along its length direction is inserted into the groove 24, and will not protrude from the area outside the surface of the balun arm 22 and the outer area of ​​the base 21, so that the surface wave radiation interference is greatly reduced, thereby improving the performance of the radiation unit.

[0143] Specifically, for two feeding conductors 30 of the same polarization, grooves 24 are provided on the two balun arms 22 corresponding to the positions of the two feeding conductors 30 of the same polarization, and two grooves 24 corresponding to the positions of the two feeding conductors 30 of the same polarization are provided on the base 21, and the grooves 24 on the two balun arms 22 are connected with the two grooves 24 on the base 21 to form a through groove.

[0144] See also Figure 1In a specific embodiment, the number of the radiation arms 10 is four and they are arranged diagonally in pairs, and the two radiation arms 10 arranged diagonally are set to the same polarization, that is, the two radiation arms 10 arranged on one of the diagonals work in a polarization direction of +45°, for example, and the two radiation arms 10 arranged on the other diagonal work in a polarization direction of -45°, for example. In addition, the number of the balun arms 22 is four, and the four balun arms 22 are connected to the four radiation arms 10 accordingly. In addition, the number of the feed conductors 30 is four, and the four feed conductors 30 are arranged corresponding to the four radiation arms 10. The base 21 is provided with four grooves 24 respectively arranged corresponding to the four feed conductors 30. The grooves 24 in one polarization direction and the grooves 24 in another polarization direction are arranged crosswise with each other and have different depths. In this way, for the dual-polarization radiation unit, when the feed conductors 30 in two different polarization directions are installed in two grooves 24 that are arranged crosswise with each other and have different depths, they can be arranged crosswise at different heights, so as to avoid mutual interference during installation due to the same height.

[0145] In addition, each radiating arm 10 includes two radiating arms 11, and the radiating arms 11 are straight, so that the four radiating arms 10 together form a quadrilateral. In another embodiment, the radiating arms 11 are arc-shaped, so that the four radiating arms 10 together form a circle or ring.

[0146] See also Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In one embodiment, when the head-end conductor segment 31 is arranged on the radiation arm 10, the extension direction of the head-end conductor segment 31 is the same as the extension direction of the corresponding coupled-fed radiation arm 10. Specifically, the extension direction of the head-end conductor segment 31 is the same as the extension direction of the corresponding coupled-fed radiation single arm 11. In addition, when the head-end conductor segment 31 is configured in a sheet shape, the shape of the head-end conductor segment 31 is adapted to the shape of the corresponding coupled-fed radiation single arm 11.

[0147] Please continue reading Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In one embodiment, each radiating arm 10 is provided with a coupling slot 12, and each head-end conductor segment 31 is correspondingly arranged in each coupling slot 12 and coupled with the slot wall of the coupling slot 12 for power feeding. In this way, by adding coupling slots 12 to the radiating arm 10, each head-end conductor segment 31 is correspondingly coupled with each coupling slot 12 to achieve power feeding with each radiating arm 10. In addition, the head-end conductor segment 31 is arranged in the coupling slot 12 through the second insulating medium, and can be stably arranged in the coupling slot 12.

[0148] Specifically, the coupling slot 12 includes but is not limited to being a card slot, and the head end conductor segment 31 is carded in the coupling slot 12. Of course, the coupling slot 12 is not limited to being a card slot, and the head end conductor segment 31 can also be fixedly set in the coupling slot 12 in other ways, such as being pressed in the coupling slot 12 by its own pressing force, and being fixed in the coupling slot 12 by adhesive bonding, etc.

[0149] In some embodiments, the main conductor segment 32 is integrally formed with the corresponding head conductor segment 31 and the terminal conductor segment 33, specifically, including but not limited to sheet metal integral forming, die casting integral forming, or bending forming, etc. Of course, the main conductor segment 32 can also be connected to the head conductor segment 31 and the terminal conductor segment 33 by welding.

[0150] See also Figure 1 Another embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, which includes the radiating unit of any of the above embodiments, and also includes an external feeding network, the grounding portion 23 is directly electrically connected to the grounding piece of the external feeding network, and the end conductor segments 33 of the two feeding conductors 30 are directly electrically connected to the feeding core wire 61 of the external feeding network.

[0151] The above-mentioned antenna, since it includes the above-mentioned radiation unit, its technical effects include those brought by the radiation unit, and the beneficial effects include the beneficial effects of the radiation unit, which will not be repeated here.

[0152] See also Fig. 20 and Fig.21 , Fig. 20 This is a simulation diagram of the radiation index of the radiation unit in the frequency band of 690MHz to 960MHz. Fig. 20 It can be seen that the radiation unit exhibits good radiation performance. In addition, the standing wave S parameters simulated for the two polarizations on the radiation unit can be referred to Fig.21 The solid and dashed curves in Fig.21 It can be seen that the radiation unit exhibits good transmission performance.

[0153] See also Figure 23 to Figure 25 In some embodiments, the antenna includes a low-frequency radiation unit for radiating a low-frequency signal and / or a high-frequency radiation unit for radiating a high-frequency signal. Fig.23As shown, at least one low-frequency radiation unit can be arrayed, and at least one low-frequency radiation unit adopts the radiation unit of this embodiment; at least one high-frequency radiation unit can be arrayed, and at least one high-frequency radiation unit adopts the radiation unit structure of this innovation; further, at least one low-frequency array and at least one high-frequency array can be arrayed adjacently, and a high-frequency radiation unit can be arrayed between two adjacent low-frequency radiation units, and a high-frequency radiation unit can be nested in a low-frequency radiation unit. The low-frequency radiation unit, for example, adopts the radiation unit of this embodiment, such as Fig.24 As shown; further, any low-frequency radiation array can be arranged in a plurality of different and / or the same high-frequency arrays, and at least one high-frequency radiation unit adopts the radiation unit of this embodiment, such as Fig.25 As shown; it can be specifically set by technicians according to system performance requirements, such as gain requirements.

[0154] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0155] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0156] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0157] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0158] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0159] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0160] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, characterized in that: include: Two radiating arms forming the same polarization; A balun structure, the balun structure comprising a base and two balun arms, the top of each balun arm is correspondingly connected to each radiation arm, the bottom of each balun arm is respectively connected to the base, and the bottom of the balun arm or the base is provided with a grounding portion; Two feeding conductors for feeding two of the radiation arms respectively, each of the feeding conductors being correspondingly arranged on each of the balun arms; The terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors are used to connect to an external feed network. The two terminal conductor segments are gathered and spaced apart on the grounding portion, and the two terminal conductor segments both reuse the grounding portion as a radio frequency ground.

2. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors are directly electrically connected to the terminal segment of the feed core wire of the external feed network to form an intersection, and the grounding portion also serves as a radio frequency ground for the intersection and the terminal segment of the feed core wire; The terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors, the terminal segment of the feed core wire and the grounding portion form a power divider.

3. The radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radiating arm is matched and interconnected with the external feeding network at the intersection through the two feeding conductors and the power divider.

4. The radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: By adjusting the impedance parameters of the end conductor segments of the two feeding conductors in the power divider, the power of the radio frequency signals on the two radiating arms can be adjusted.

5. The radiation unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impedance parameter adjustment of the terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors may be achieved by at least one of the cross-sectional dimensions of the two terminal conductor segments, the distances between the two terminal conductor segments and the grounding portion, and the spacing between the two terminal conductor segments.

6. The radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power divider further comprises a dielectric member, and the dielectric member is arranged between the grounding portion and the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor.

7. The radiation unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dielectric member is disposed in the gap between the grounding portion and the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor; or the dielectric member is integrated between the grounding portion and the terminal conductor segment by injection molding.

8. The radiation unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radiation unit further comprises an auxiliary welding piece, wherein the auxiliary welding piece and the intersection portion are both arranged at an end of the grounding portion away from the balun arm; the auxiliary welding piece and the grounding portion are insulated from each other; The auxiliary welding part includes a mounting wall, which is provided with two mounting holes, and the end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are respectively inserted into the two mounting holes, and the feed conductors and the feed core wires of the external feed network are both welded and fixed on the auxiliary welding part; or, the auxiliary welding part is an auxiliary welding layer, and the auxiliary welding layer is arranged at one end of the dielectric part by a local electroplating or local spraying process.

9. The radiation unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dielectric component and the auxiliary welding component are integrated by integral injection molding.

10. The radiation unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The auxiliary welding part also includes a positioning wall connected to the mounting wall, the positioning wall is arranged around the circumference of the mounting wall, and the dielectric member is arranged between the positioning wall and the grounding portion; and / or at least one positioning recess is formed on the positioning wall, and the positioning recess is used to position the feeding core wire of the external feeding network.

11. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating layer is arranged on the outer wall of the feed conductor.

12. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding portion is integrally formed with the bottom of the balun arm or the base.

13. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the feed conductors is correspondingly arranged with each of the balun arms and the grounding portion to form a transmission line for feeding, and the head end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are set as open ends.

14. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding portion is directly electrically connected to a grounding member of the external power feeding network.

15. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A weldable layer is provided on the surface of the grounding portion, and the weldable layer of the grounding portion is welded and connected to the grounding member of the external power feeding network.

16. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed conductor is arranged on the front side of the balun arm, on the back side of the balun arm, or on the side side of the balun arm.

17. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed conductor includes a main conductor segment and a head end conductor segment connected to the main conductor segment; the balun arm includes two radiating arms, and each of the balun arms includes two balun arms; each of the balun arms is correspondingly connected to each of the radiating arms; for the correspondingly connected balun arms and the radiating arms, the main conductor segment is arranged on one of the balun arms, and the head end conductor segment is coupled and fed with the other balun arm or is coupled and fed with the radiating arm connected to the other balun arm.

18. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding portion is provided with a through hole, and the terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors are both inserted into the same through hole; or, the grounding portion is provided with two through holes, and the terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors are inserted into the two through holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

19. The radiation unit according to claim 18, characterized in that: The feed conductor is arranged on the back side of the balun structure, the side wall of the grounding portion is configured as a non-enclosed structure, and the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor can penetrate into the grounding portion from the outer periphery of the grounding portion.

20. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The radiation unit also includes a first insulating fixing member correspondingly arranged on the balun arm, and the first insulating fixing member is used to fix the feed conductor on the balun arm; the radiation unit also includes a second insulating fixing member arranged on the base, and the second insulating fixing member is used to fix the feed conductor on the base.

21. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balun arm and / or the base are provided with hollow holes; the balun arm and the base are separately arranged or integrally formed.

22. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the balun arms and / or the base is provided with a groove corresponding to the position of each of the feed conductors; the feed conductors are inserted into the grooves corresponding to their positions and are insulated from the balun structure.

23. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation unit also includes a fastener, which is arranged on the grounding portion; a mounting surface is provided on the side wall of the grounding portion, and the end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are placed on the mounting surface and fixed to the grounding portion by the fastener.

24. The radiation unit according to claim 23, characterized in that The mounting surface is a plane or an arc-shaped surface; the fastener is grounded on the grounding portion; the fastener is made of a dielectric material; an insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor.

25. The radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that: The number of the radiating arms is four and they are arranged diagonally in pairs, and the two radiating arms arranged diagonally are set to the same polarization; the number of the balun arms is four and the four balun arms are connected to the four radiating arms accordingly; the number of the feeding conductors is four and the four feeding conductors are arranged to correspond to the four radiating arms; the number of the grounding parts is at least two and the two grounding parts are arranged to correspond to the two pairs of polarized feeding conductors one by one respectively.

26. An antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises the radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 25.

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