Ultra-low flattened lightning protection method and device for wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling stations

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and device for ultra-low flat lightning protection of a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station. The method includes: determining the area to be protected by the lightning protection system; determining the lightning rod layout parameters in the lightning protection system according to the minimum safety clearance of the hydrogen refueling station and the minimum spacing for lightning counterattack; selecting an initial value for the height of the lightning rod; calculating the protection range of the lightning protection system according to the initial value of the lightning rod height and the lightning rod layout parameters; constructing a variable function of the protection range of the lightning protection system, the lightning rod layout parameters, and the lightning induction frequency, and obtaining the layout parameters of the lightning rod when the annual lightning strike frequency of the lightning protection system is minimized under the constraint that the protection range of the lightning protection system exactly covers the area to be protected. The present invention adopts an ultra-low flat layout method, which greatly reduces the probability of the lightning rod actively attracting lightning on the premise of ensuring a sufficient lightning protection range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of mechatronic engineering and hydrogen energy technology, and specifically to an ultra-low flat lightning protection method and device for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen filling station. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is regarded as a new energy with great potential due to its advantages such as environmental friendliness, high energy density, and renewability. Due to the hazardous chemical properties of hydrogen being flammable and explosive, hydrogen production and hydrogen filling stations attach great importance to safety issues.

[0003] The protection range of a lightning rod is closely related to its height. The higher the lightning rod, the larger the protection range. For a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen filling station, the large area of the hydrogen production and hydrogen filling site makes the lightning protection facilities too high, resulting in the lightning protection facilities being prone to actively attracting lightning, which instead increases the risk of the hydrogen production and hydrogen filling area being struck by lightning, seriously threatening the safety of hydrogen production and hydrogen filling equipment and personnel safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an ultra-low flat lightning protection method for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen filling station. By adopting an ultra-low flat layout method, on the premise of ensuring a sufficient lightning protection range, the probability of the lightning rod actively attracting lightning is greatly reduced, thereby avoiding the serious threats and risks to the operation safety of hydrogen production and hydrogen filling equipment and personnel safety caused by frequent lightning strikes due to active lightning attraction.

[0005] An ultra-low flat lightning protection method for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen filling station includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Determine the area to be protected by the lightning protection system ;

[0007] Step 2: Determine the lightning rod layout parameters X and Y in the lightning protection system according to the minimum safety clearance of the hydrogen filling station and the minimum spacing for lightning counterattack, where X and Y are the abscissa vector and ordinate vector of all lightning rods in the lightning protection system respectively;

[0008] Step 3: Select the initial value of the lightning rod height;

[0009] Step 4: Calculate the protection range of the lightning protection system according to the initial value of the lightning rod height selected in Step 3 and the lightning rod layout parameters X and Y determined in Step 2 ;

[0010] Step 5: Construct a variable function of the protection range of the lightning protection system, the lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, H, and the lightning attraction frequency N, where H is the height vector of all lightning rods in the lightning protection system, and judge whether the protection range of the lightning protection system satisfies the boundary condition "the protection range of the lightning protection system ​ Exactly cover the area to be protected ” constraint;

[0011] Step 6: If the judgment is satisfied, obtain the layout parameters X, Y, and H of the lightning rod when the annual lightning strike frequency N of the lightning protection system is the smallest. If the judgment is not satisfied, reselect the initial value of the lightning rod height and return to execute Step 4.

[0012] Furthermore, Step 1 determines the area to be protected by the lightning protection system , specifically including: setting the set composed of the coordinates of all points in the area to be protected in the three-dimensional space as the area to be protected by the lightning protection system .

[0013] Furthermore, the protection range of the lightning protection system constructed in Step 5 , the variable function of the lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, H, and the lightning induction frequency N is:

[0014] (3);

[0015] (4);

[0016] (7);

[0017] (8);

[0018] Among them, ; k is the terrain influence factor; γ is the ground lightning flash density; T d is the annual average thunderstorm day; R s is the lightning strike distance; point is located on the boundary of the protection range of the lightning protection system.

[0019] A super-low flattened lightning protection device for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station, comprising:

[0020] A protection area determination module for determining the area to be protected by the lightning protection system ;

[0021] A first lightning rod parameter determination module for determining the lightning rod layout parameters X and Y in the lightning protection system according to the minimum safety clearance of the hydrogen refueling station and the minimum spacing for lightning counterattack, where X and Y are the abscissa vector and ordinate vector of all lightning rods in the lightning protection system respectively;

[0022] A lightning rod height initial value selection module for selecting the initial value of the lightning rod height;

[0023] Lightning protection system protection range determination module, which is used to select the initial value of the lightning rod height and the determined lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, and calculate the protection range of the lightning protection system ;

[0024] Boundary condition judgment module, which is used to construct the protection range of the lightning protection system , a variable function of the lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, H, and the lightning induction frequency N, where H is the height vector of all lightning rods in the lightning protection system, and the protection range of the lightning protection system is judged according to the variable function Whether it meets the boundary condition that "the protection range of the lightning protection system exactly covers the area to be protected ";

[0025] Lightning rod parameter second determination module, which is used to obtain the lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, H when the annual lightning strike times N of the lightning protection system is the smallest if the boundary condition judgment module judges that it is satisfied

[0026] , if the judgment is not satisfied, re-select the initial value of the lightning rod height and return to execute the function of the lightning protection system protection range determination module

[0027] Furthermore, the protection area determination module determines the area to be protected by the lightning protection system , specifically including: setting the set composed of the coordinates of all points in the area to be protected in the three-dimensional space as the area to be protected by the lightning protection system .

[0028] Furthermore, the variable function of the protection range of the lightning protection system constructed in the boundary condition judgment module , the lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, H, and the lightning induction frequency N is:

[0029] (3);

[0030] (4);

[0031] (7);

[0032] (8);

[0033] Among them, ; k is the terrain influence factor; γ is the ground lightning flash density; T d is the annual average thunderstorm day; R s is the lightning strike distance; point is located on the boundary of the protection range of the lightning protection system

[0034] The present invention aims to minimize the height value of lightning rods and adopts an ultra-low flattened layout method. On the premise of ensuring sufficient lightning protection range, it greatly reduces the probability of the lightning rods actively attracting lightning, thereby preventing the threat to the safety of hydrogen production and hydrogenation equipment and personnel caused by excessive lightning attraction in the open area of the wharf-type hydrogenation station. It changes the current situation of the lightning protection facilities of similar wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogenation stations being too high and having a high frequency of actively attracting lightning, and improves the safety and reliability of the operation of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the ultra-low flattened lightning protection method for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogenation station in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the ultra-low flattened lightning protection system for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogenation station of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the ultra-low flattened lightning protection system for a certain wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogenation station in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] The embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-low flattened lightning protection method for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogenation station. The frequency of the lightning protection system actively attracting lightning is positively correlated with the height of the lightning rod. The higher the height of the lightning rod, the greater the lightning attraction frequency. A dot matrix lightning protection system composed of multiple low-height lightning rods can replace a single high lightning rod to completely cover the area to be protected, as shown in (a) of Figure 2 . At the same time, the height of the lightning rod is greatly reduced in the longitudinal space, as shown in (b) of Figure 2 , that is, the frequency of the lightning protection system actively attracting lightning is greatly reduced. This lightning protection method greatly reduces the height of the lightning rods in the lightning protection system. The lightning protection system is more flattened in the longitudinal space compared with a single high lightning rod, so it is called an ultra-low flattened lightning protection method.

[0040] Suppose the lightning protection system is composed of n lightning rods, and the position of the i-th lightning rod on the ground is , and the height is , then in the plane at height , all the points on the boundary of the protection range of the i-th lightning rod Expressed as:

[0041] (1);

[0042] Then the points within the protection range of the lightning protection system can be expressed as:

[0043] (2);

[0044] Where , are respectively the abscissa vector, ordinate vector, and height vector of all lightning rods within the lightning protection system.

[0045] All the points within the protection range of the lightning protection system, that is, all the points satisfying equation (2), constitute the protection range of the lightning protection system :

[0046] (3);

[0047] Let the set of the coordinates of all the points in the area to be protected in the three-dimensional space be . If the protection range of the lightning protection system is to completely cover the area to be protected, then there is:

[0048] (4);

[0049] The lightning attracting frequency of the lightning protection system can be measured by the annual lightning strike times N:

[0050] (5);

[0051] Where k is the terrain influence factor; γ is the ground lightning flash density; T d is the average annual thunderstorm days; A e is the equivalent exposure area of the lightning protection system.

[0052] The equivalent exposure area A of the lightning protection system e is determined by the spatial layout X, Y, H of each lightning rod in the system and the lightning strike distance R s , that is:

[0053] (6);

[0054] Substituting equation (6) into equation (5) gives:

[0055] (7);

[0056] According to the constraint of the boundary condition "the protection range of the lightning protection system exactly covers the area to be protected ", at least one point in the protected area Exactly located on the boundary of the lightning protection range of the lightning protection system, that is:

[0057] (8);

[0058] Therefore, by combining equations (3), (4), (7), and (8), the protection range of the lightning protection system is constructed as a variable function of the three variables: the layout parameters X, Y, H of the lightning rod and the lightning induction frequency N. According to the above variable function, for a determined area to be protected , by reasonably selecting the positions X and Y of each lightning rod in the space and the height H of each lightning arrester within the lightning protection system, the protection range of the lightning protection system can completely cover the area to be protected while the lightning induction frequency N of the lightning protection system takes the minimum value.

[0059] In summary, the ultra-low flattened lightning protection method realizes the significant reduction of the probability of the lightning rod actively inducing lightning on the premise of ensuring a sufficient lightning protection range, improving the safety and reliability of the operation of the hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station.

[0060] The above solution for the minimum lightning rod height target takes the safety clearance (m) and the counterattack potential safety (m) of the lightning rod in the hydrogen production and refueling station as the spatial layout fitting conditions, and limits the minimum range of the lightning rod height value. The specific solution and implementation process are as Figure 1 shown.

[0061] Taking a certain wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station as an example, in this example, the area to be protected is 80m long, 36m wide, and 3m high, as Figure 3 shown.

[0062] If a single lightning rod is used to protect this area, the height of the lightning rod h1 = 40m, the protection radius R1 = 47m at a height of 3m, and the annual lightning strike frequency of this lightning protection system is 0.324 times / year.

[0063] Using the ultra-low flattened lightning protection method for the wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station, 8 lightning rods with h8 = 12m are arranged in the form of 2 rows and 4 columns. The protection radius R8 = 19m of this lightning rod at a height of 3m, the lateral spacing d8 = 20m and the longitudinal spacing l8 = 18m between adjacent lightning rods, and the annual lightning strike frequency of this lightning protection system is 0.029 times / year.

[0064] On the plane at a height of 3m, the ultra-low flattened lightning protection system composed of 8 12m lightning rods also completely covers the area to be protected. Moreover, the height of the lightning rod is greatly reduced from 40m to 12m, and the annual lightning strike frequency of the lightning protection system is reduced from 0.324 times / year to 0.029 times / year, reduced to less than one-tenth of the original.

[0065] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an ultra-low flat lightning protection device for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station, including:

[0066] A protection area determination module for determining the area to be protected by the lightning protection system ;

[0067] A first lightning rod parameter determination module for determining the lightning rod layout parameters X and Y in the lightning protection system according to the minimum safety clearance of the hydrogen refueling station and the minimum spacing of lightning protection counterattack, where X and Y are the abscissa vectors and ordinate vectors of all lightning rods in the lightning protection system respectively;

[0068] A lightning rod height initial value selection module for selecting the initial value of the lightning rod height;

[0069] A lightning protection system protection range determination module for calculating the protection range of the lightning protection system based on the selected initial value of the lightning rod height and the determined lightning rod layout parameters X and Y ;

[0070] A boundary condition judgment module for constructing a variable function of the protection range of the lightning protection system The lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, H and the lightning induction frequency N, where H is the height vector of all lightning rods in the lightning protection system, and judging whether the protection range of the lightning protection system Meets the constraint of the boundary condition "the protection range of the lightning protection system Exactly covers the area to be protected ";

[0071] A second lightning rod parameter determination module for, if the boundary condition judgment module judges to be satisfied,

[0072] Obtaining the layout parameters X, Y, H of the lightning rod when the annual lightning strike times N of the lightning protection system is the smallest. If the judgment is not satisfied, re-select the initial value of the lightning rod height and return to execute the function of the lightning protection system protection range determination module.

[0073] The present invention has the following characteristics:

[0074] 1. The present invention aims to minimize the height of the lightning rod, adopts an ultra-low flat layout method, and uses multiple lightning rods with small height values to replace a single high lightning rod to achieve complete coverage of the lightning protection range for the area to be protected;

[0075] 2. The present invention adopts an ultra-low flat layout method of small height lightning rods, uses multiple lightning rods with small height values to replace a single high lightning rod, and greatly reduces the probability of the lightning rod actively inducing lightning.

[0076] 3. According to the relationship between "lightning rod height - lightning protection range" and the relationship between "number (distribution) of lightning rods - lightning induction frequency", the present invention constructs a variable function of the three variables of "lightning protection range - height and number (distribution) of lightning rods - lightning induction frequency". According to the variable function, through the fitting of the protection range by lightning rods with a certain number and height, under the constraint condition that the protection range of the lightning protection system exactly covers the area to be protected, by reasonably selecting the layout of the lightning rods, the annual lightning strike times of the lightning protection system are minimized.

[0077] In summary, adopting the ultra-low flat layout method, on the premise of ensuring sufficient lightning protection range, the probability of the lightning rod actively attracting lightning is greatly reduced, ensuring the safety of the equipment and personnel in the hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station.

[0078] The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0079] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An ultra-low flattened lightning protection method for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1. Determine the area to be protected by the lightning protection system ; Step 2: Determine the lightning rod layout parameters X and Y in the lightning protection system according to the minimum safe clearance of the hydrogen refueling station and the minimum spacing for lightning counterattack, where X and Y are the abscissa vector and ordinate vector of all lightning rods in the lightning protection system respectively; Step 3: Select the initial value of the lightning rod height; Step 4: Calculate the protection range of the lightning protection system based on the initial value of the lightning rod height selected in Step 3 and the lightning rod layout parameters X and Y determined in Step 2 ; Step 5. Construct the protection range of the lightning protection system A variable function of the lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, H and the lightning induction frequency N, where H is the height vector of all lightning rods in the lightning protection system, and judge the protection range of the lightning protection system according to the variable function Whether it meets the boundary condition "the protection range of the lightning protection system exactly covers the area to be protected " constraint; Step 6: If the judgment is satisfied, obtain the layout parameters X, Y, and H of the lightning rod when the annual lightning strike frequency N of the lightning protection system is the smallest. If the judgment is not satisfied, re-select the initial value of the lightning rod height and return to execute Step 4; The protection range of the lightning protection system constructed in step five The variable function of the lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, H and the lightning induction frequency N is as follows: (3)； (4)； (7)； (8)； Among them, ; k is the terrain influence factor; γ is the ground lightning flash density; T d is the annual average thunderstorm days; R s is the lightning strike distance; the point is located on the boundary of the protection range of the lightning protection system.

2. The ultra-low flat lightning protection method for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1: Determine the area to be protected by the lightning protection system , specifically including: setting the set of coordinates of all points in the area to be protected within the three-dimensional space as the area to be protected by the lightning protection system .

3. An ultra-low flattened lightning protection device for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station, characterized in that, It includes: A protection area determination module, which is used to determine the area to be protected by the lightning protection system ; The first lightning rod parameter determination module is used to determine the lightning rod layout parameters X and Y in the lightning protection system according to the minimum safe clearance of the hydrogen refueling station and the minimum spacing for lightning counterattack, where X and Y are the abscissa vector and ordinate vector of all lightning rods in the lightning protection system respectively; The initial lightning rod height selection module is used to select the initial value of the lightning rod height; Lightning protection system protection range determination module, which is used to calculate the protection range of the lightning protection system based on the initial value of the selected lightning rod height and the determined lightning rod layout parameters X and Y ; Boundary condition judgment module, used to construct the protection range of the lightning protection system A variable function of the lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, H and the lightning induction frequency N, where H is the height vector of all lightning rods in the lightning protection system, and the protection range of the lightning protection system is judged according to the variable function Whether it meets the boundary condition that "the protection range of the lightning protection system exactly covers the area to be protected ” constraint; The second lightning rod parameter determination module is used to, if the boundary condition judgment module judges to be satisfied, then obtain the layout parameters X, Y, and H of the lightning rod when the annual lightning strike frequency N of the lightning protection system is the smallest. If the judgment is not satisfied, re-select the initial value of the lightning rod height and return to execute the function of the lightning protection system protection range determination module; The protection range of the lightning protection system constructed in the boundary condition judgment module The variable function of the lightning rod layout parameters X, Y, H and the lightning induction frequency N is as follows: (3)； (4)； (7)； (8)； Among them, ; k is the terrain influence factor; γ is the ground lightning strike density; T d is the annual average thunderstorm days; R s is the lightning strike distance; point is located on the boundary of the protection range of the lightning protection system.

4. The ultra-low flat lightning protection device for a wharf-type open hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protection area determination module determines the area to be protected by the lightning protection system , specifically including: setting the set composed of the coordinates of all points in the three-dimensional space that need to be protected as the area to be protected by the lightning protection system .

Images