A Lightning Protection System Based on Coulomb's Law

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law, belonging to the field of lightning prevention technology. It comprises: a lightning conductor and a discharge ground wire for attracting lightning to a predetermined lightning strike object; an energy storage capacitor for charging the lightning conductor; a high-voltage DC power supply for charging the conductor; an electric voltage regulator for adjusting the voltage according to the intensity of lightning; a power supply for providing power to the high-voltage DC power supply and the overvoltage protection trigger controller; and a spherical gap discharge and protection circuit for ensuring the overvoltage safety of the entire circuit. The lightning protection system of the present invention can effectively avoid damage to humans caused by lightning and ensure the safety of people's lives and property. In addition, the lightning protection system of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has good social and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law, belonging to the technical field of lightning prevention. Background Art

[0002] Lightning brings many hazards to human beings. Over the years, human beings have done a lot of exploration and research on lightning and have taken some lightning protection measures, but lightning accidents still occur. Figure 1 As shown, when a thundercloud moves toward Earth, its discharge leader meets the oncoming leader induced by a lightning rod, generating a strong main discharge. A large amount of charge in the thundercloud is then discharged into the earth through the lightning rod and down conductor, thereby protecting the building. Lightning protection for buildings has traditionally primarily relied on the aforementioned lightning rod method, although lightning arresters have also been used. This method has disadvantages such as a narrow protection range, high installation height, high hazard risk, and the ability to directly strike the protected object. At the end of the 20th century, the Space Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences proposed a method and device for active lightning protection by creating a high-conductivity gas layer. Patent No. 95117424.X describes this method, which creates a high-conductivity gas layer on the top floor of a building to reduce the electric field strength. This patent assumes that the electric field strength between the earth and the metal plate is E2 (an artificial assumption), and the electric field strength on the surface of the metal plate facing the thundercloud is E1. However, a large E2 does not necessarily mean a large E1. Because E1 is not determined by E2, a large number of statistics show that lightning is a unipolar ("+" or "-") high-voltage discharge phenomenon in the air. Since lightning travels very fast, how to judge the polarity of lightning is a difficult point, so the idea of ​​creating a highly conductive air layer envisioned in the existing technology is difficult to achieve. The applicant has also proposed a mine clearance system, with the Chinese patent number: ZL200910081350.4. By judging the polarity of lightning, a high-voltage power supply with the same polarity as lightning is loaded on the spherical pole of the mine clearance system to repel lightning outside the protected object, thereby achieving the purpose of lightning protection. However, the mine clearance system in this patent needs to first judge the polarity of lightning and then load the corresponding polarity power supply. It has a slow response time and the high-voltage power supply needs to be installed inside the protected object, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law, which uses Coulomb's law to locate and attract lightning to a preset lightning strike object far away from the protected building, thereby achieving the purpose of lightning protection and disaster reduction.

[0004] The lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law proposed in the present invention includes a positive high-voltage power supply, two lightning protection systems, and a negative high-voltage power supply. The positive high-voltage power supply and the negative high-voltage power supply are placed on opposite sides of the protected object. The positive high-voltage power supply and the negative high-voltage power supply are respectively used to generate DC high voltage electricity for charging the lightning conductors and energy storage capacitors in the two lightning protection systems, and are used to provide power for the positive polarity high-voltage DC power supply and the negative polarity high-voltage DC power supply in the lightning protection system.

[0005] The lightning protection system consists of a power supply, overvoltage protector, electric voltage regulator, step-up transformer, energy storage capacitor, lightning conductor, grounding switch and discharge spherical gap, among which:

[0006] A power supply for providing power to the positive polarity high voltage DC power supply and the negative polarity high voltage DC power supply, the power supply being first connected to the overvoltage protector;

[0007] The overvoltage protector is used to protect the positive high-voltage power supply or the negative high-voltage power supply from overvoltage damage when a lightning strike occurs. The overvoltage protector is connected to the electric voltage regulator;

[0008] An electric voltage regulator and a step-up transformer are used to step up the input AC power supply to the required high voltage. The electric voltage regulator and the step-up transformer are connected to the positive high-voltage power supply or the negative high-voltage power supply to provide AC high-voltage input for the positive high-voltage power supply or the negative high-voltage power supply;

[0009] Energy storage capacitors are used to store positive or negative polarity electricity to ensure that the charge on the lightning conductor is stable and sufficient. The energy storage capacitors are connected to the lightning conductor.

[0010] The lightning conductor and discharge spherical gap are used to attract lightning to the lightning conductor and discharge it through the discharge spherical gap to ensure the safety of the protected object. The discharge spherical gap is connected to the ground wire. The two lightning conductors are connected to the positive polarity power supply and the negative polarity power supply respectively and are supported by insulating pillars near the protected object.

[0011] The grounding protection switch is used for grounding protection when the power is not turned on daily to ensure the safety of the lightning protection system. The grounding protection switch is connected to the ground wire.

[0012] The lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law proposed in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0013] 1. Compared with traditional lightning rod protection devices, the lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law proposed in this invention can accurately locate the lightning strike location, enhancing protection. It also greatly expands the protection range, even providing lightning protection when the lightning protection system and the protected facilities are at the same height. Moreover, the lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law can be installed outside the house and away from the protected objects, making it safer.

[0014] 2. The lightning protection system of the present invention based on Coulomb's law does not need to consider the problem of polarity conversion. When lightning occurs, the radar will automatically hit the lightning terminal it attracts. This is the biggest advantage of the lightning protection system of the present invention.

[0015] 3. The lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law of the present invention can also greatly reduce the damage caused by induced lightning to low-voltage equipment. Due to the unique mountain and terrain structure of the vast mountainous and rural areas in southern my country, the rainy season and summer are the seasons with frequent lightning. The damage and loss of life and property caused by lightning are frequently reported. The use of the high-efficiency lightning protection system proposed by the present invention can effectively prevent the damage caused by lightning to humans, especially for important departments and units such as oil depots, wind power plants, electrified railways, and historical sites, and can better ensure the safety of people's lives and property.

[0016] 4. The lightning protection system of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has good social and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is an application scenario diagram of traditional lightning rods.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an application scenario diagram of the lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law proposed in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positive main circuit of the lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law proposed by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the negative main circuit of the lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law proposed by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the protection range using the existing lightning rod method.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the protection range of the lightning protection system proposed in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 - Figure 4 In the figure, 1 is the positive high-voltage power supply, 2 is the lightning protection system, 3 is the protected object, and 4 is the negative high-voltage power supply; 201 is the overvoltage protector, 202 is the electric voltage regulator, 203 is the step-up transformer, 204 is the energy storage capacitor, 205 is the lightning conductor, 206 is the grounding switch, and 207 is the discharge spherical gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law proposed by the present invention has the following structure: Figure 2As shown, the lightning protection system includes a positive high-voltage power supply 1, two lightning protection systems 2, and a negative high-voltage power supply 4. The positive high-voltage power supply 1 and the negative high-voltage power supply 4 are placed on opposite sides of the protected object. The positive high-voltage power supply 1 and the negative high-voltage power supply 4 are used to generate the DC high voltage required to charge the lightning conductor 205 and the energy storage capacitor 204 in the two lightning protection systems 2. The circuit schematics of the two lightning protection systems are shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0025] The lightning protection system 2 consists of a power supply, an overvoltage protector 201, an electric voltage regulator 202, a step-up transformer 203, an energy storage capacitor 204, a lightning conductor 205, a grounding switch 206, and a discharge spherical gap 207, wherein:

[0026] A power supply, used to provide power to the positive polarity high voltage DC power supply 1 and the negative polarity high voltage DC power supply 4, the power supply first being connected to the overvoltage protector 201;

[0027] The overvoltage protector 201 is used to protect the positive high-voltage power supply 1 or the negative high-voltage power supply 4 from overvoltage damage when a lightning strike occurs. The overvoltage protector 201 is connected to the electric voltage regulator 202;

[0028] The electric voltage regulator 202 and the step-up transformer 203 are used to step up the input AC power supply to the required high voltage. The electric voltage regulator 202 and the step-up transformer 203 are connected to the positive high-voltage power supply 1 or the negative high-voltage power supply 4 to provide AC high-voltage input to the positive high-voltage power supply 1 or the negative high-voltage power supply 4. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in , b is directly connected to the ground.

[0029] The energy storage capacitor 204 is used to store positive or negative polarity electricity to ensure that the charge on the lightning conductor 205 is stable and sufficient. The energy storage capacitor 204 is connected to the lightning conductor 205;

[0030] The lightning conductor 205 and the discharge spherical gap 207 are used to attract lightning to the lightning conductor and discharge it through the discharge spherical gap 207 to ensure the safety of the protected object. The discharge spherical gap 207 is connected to the ground wire. The two lightning conductors 205 are respectively connected to the positive polarity power supply or the negative polarity power supply. The two lightning conductors are respectively supported by insulating pillars at the same height H near the protected building and are grounded through the lightning protection lead.

[0031] The grounding protection switch 206 is used for grounding protection when the power is not turned on to ensure the safety of the lightning protection system. The grounding protection switch 206 is connected to the ground wire.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the overvoltage protector 201 has a product model of GBQ, produced by Beijing Shanqingshuimu Electrical Technology Co., Ltd., and the patent number of the product is ZL01229764X. The electric voltage regulator 202 used has a voltage regulation range of 0 to 250V, the boost range of the boost transformer 203 is 220V / 20KV, and the product model of the energy storage capacitor 204 is CH82, produced by Changchun Weihong Dongguang Electronic Equipment Co., Ltd.

[0033] The lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law proposed in this invention uses Coulomb's law to generate Coulomb force between the charge of the thundercloud and the opposite charge of the lightning protection device. (Where Q1 refers to the charge carried by the lightning, Q2 refers to the charge carried by the lightning protection system's lightning conductor, r refers to the distance between the lightning and the lightning conductor, and ε refers to the vacuum permittivity.) This system achieves lightning location and lightning discharge protection. It provides 100% lightning protection, especially when the lightning voltage is below 1MV.

[0034] The following combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 The working principle of the lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law is introduced in detail:

[0035] When weather changes and lightning strikes are likely, the relevant lightning warning equipment can automatically or manually reclose the power supply. First, the 220V AC power supply and the step-up transformer boost the voltage, then supply power to the positive high-voltage power supply 1 and the negative high-voltage power supply 4. The positive high-voltage power supply 1 and the negative high-voltage power supply 4 directly charge the energy storage capacitor 204 and the lightning conductor 205, charging the positive and negative lightning conductors simultaneously. When lightning approaches the protected object, the lightning conductor 205 on top of the protected object and the thundercloud have opposite charges. According to Coulomb's law, the oppositely polarized lightning is attracted to the lightning conductor 205. Through the protection of the lightning conductor 205 and the discharge of the discharge sphere gap 207, the electric shock energy is conducted to the earth, thus achieving the purpose of lightning protection and disaster reduction.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the protection range using the existing lightning rod method. Figure 5 In the protection range of a single traditional lightning rod, when r x ≥h / 2, r x =(hh x )P;r x When <h / 2, r x =(1.5h-2h x )P; when h≤30m, P=1; when 30m<h≤120m, Among them, r x h is the protection radius of the lightning rod on the horizontal plane; xis the height of the protected object; h is the effective height of the lightning rod, and P is the height influence coefficient.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the protection range of the lightning protection system proposed by the present invention. Figure 6 It can be seen that the protection radius rx of the lightning protection system is greater than or equal to the effective height h of the lightning conductor of the lightning protection system, and the effective protection range and protection height are far superior to those of traditional lightning rods.

Claims

1. A lightning protection system based on Coulomb's law, characterized in that The lightning protection system includes a positive high-voltage power supply, two lightning protection systems, and a negative high-voltage power supply. The positive high-voltage power supply and the negative high-voltage power supply are placed on opposite sides of the protected object. The positive high-voltage power supply and the negative high-voltage power supply are used to generate the DC high voltage required for charging the lightning conductors and energy storage capacitors in the two lightning protection systems respectively. The lightning protection system consists of a power supply, overvoltage protector, electric voltage regulator, step-up transformer, energy storage capacitor, lightning conductor, grounding switch and discharge spherical gap, among which: A power supply for providing power to the positive polarity high voltage DC power supply and the negative polarity high voltage DC power supply, the power supply being first connected to the overvoltage protector; The overvoltage protector is used to protect the positive high-voltage power supply or the negative high-voltage power supply from overvoltage damage when a lightning strike occurs. The overvoltage protector is connected to the electric voltage regulator; An electric voltage regulator and a step-up transformer are used to step up the input AC power supply to the required high voltage. The electric voltage regulator and the step-up transformer are connected to the positive high-voltage power supply or the negative high-voltage power supply to provide AC high-voltage input for the positive high-voltage power supply or the negative high-voltage power supply; Energy storage capacitors are used to store positive or negative polarity electricity to ensure that the charge on the lightning conductor is stable and sufficient. The energy storage capacitors are connected to the lightning conductor. The lightning conductor and discharge spherical gap are used to attract lightning to the lightning conductor and discharge it through the discharge spherical gap to ensure the safety of the protected object. The discharge spherical gap is connected to the ground wire. The two lightning conductors are connected to the positive polarity power supply and the negative polarity power supply respectively and are supported by insulating pillars near the protected object. The grounding protection switch is used for grounding protection when the power is not turned on to ensure the safety of the lightning protection system. The grounding protection switch is connected to the ground wire; Also used for: Using Coulomb's law, a Coulomb force is generated between the charge of the thundercloud and the opposite charge of the lightning protection device. Among them, Q1 refers to the charge carried by lightning, Q2 refers to the charge carried by the lightning conductor of the lightning protection system, r refers to the distance between lightning and the lightning conductor, and ε refers to the vacuum permittivity, which realizes lightning location and lightning discharge protection; When lightning occurs, the power supply is automatically or manually closed through the relevant lightning warning equipment, and the voltage is boosted by the 220V AC power supply and the step-up transformer to supply power to the positive high-voltage power supply and the negative high-voltage power supply. The positive high-voltage power supply and the negative high-voltage power supply directly charge the energy storage capacitor and the lightning-termination conductor, and the positive and negative lightning-termination conductors are charged at the same time; when lightning approaches the protected object, and the charge carried by the lightning-termination conductor on the top of the protected object and the thundercloud is of opposite polarity, according to Coulomb's law, the lightning of opposite polarity is attracted to the lightning-termination conductor, and the electric shock energy is conducted to the earth through the protection of the lightning-termination conductor and the discharge of the discharge ball gap.

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