Processing machine

Abstract

A machining machine is provided with: a tool spindle (121) capable of rotating about a predetermined axis (104) parallel to the horizontal direction; an additional machining head (141) that is attachable / detachable to / from the tool spindle (121) and that performs work on a workpiece; a first connection part (211) which is provided to the tool spindle (121) and the additional machining head (141) and which connects the tool spindle (121) and the additional machining head (141) to each other; and a second connection part (261) which is provided to the tool spindle (121) and the additional machining head (141), is disposed at a position separated from the first connection part (211), and connects the tool spindle (121) and the additional machining head (141) to each other. A first connecting part (211) is disposed on one side of an imaginary plane (310) including the center-of-gravity position (G) of the additional machining head (141) and a predetermined axis line (104), and a second connecting part (261) is disposed on the other side of the imaginary plane (310).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a processing machine. Background Art

[0002] For example, Japanese Patent Gazette No. 2017-1078 (Patent Document 1) discloses a processing machine comprising: a tool spindle that holds a tool for removing a workpiece; and an additional processing head that is detachably mounted on the tool spindle and sprays material powder and irradiates laser during additional processing of the workpiece.

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-1078 Summary of the invention

[0006] Problem that the invention aims to solve

[0007] In the processing machine disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the tool spindle (tool holding part) is arranged to be rotatable around a rotation center axis parallel to the horizontal direction. In such a structure, when additional processing of a workpiece is performed, if an additional processing head (operating head) mounted on the tool spindle rotates integrally with the tool spindle, there is a possibility that the additional processing head will fall off the tool spindle.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a processing machine that solves the above-mentioned problem and prevents a working head attached to a tool holding portion from falling off when a workpiece is operated using the working head attached to the tool holding portion.

[0009] Solutions for solving problems

[0010] The processing machine according to the present invention comprises: a tool holding part, which is arranged in a manner that it can rotate around a predetermined axis parallel to the horizontal direction as the center, and holds a tool for removing a workpiece; a working head, which is arranged to be detachable relative to the tool holding part, and works on the workpiece; a first connecting part, which is arranged on the tool holding part and the working head, so that the tool holding part and the working head are connected to each other; and a second connecting part, which is arranged on the tool holding part and the working head, and is arranged at a position separated from the first connecting part, so that the tool holding part and the working head are connected to each other. The first connecting part is arranged on one side of an imaginary plane including the center of gravity position of the working head and the predetermined axis, and the second connecting part is arranged on the other side of the imaginary plane.

[0011] According to the processing machine thus constructed, when the tool holding part rotates around the predetermined axis, it can be considered that the centrifugal force in the direction parallel to the imaginary plane including the center of gravity of the working head and the predetermined axis acts on the working head mounted on the tool holding part, with the center of gravity of the working head as the mass point. In this case, the first connecting part and the second connecting part that connect the tool holding part and the working head to each other are respectively arranged on one side and the other side of the imaginary plane, so that the centrifugal force generated by the working head during the rotation of the tool holding part can be well-balanced on both sides of the center of gravity of the working head, and the weight of the working head itself can be well-balanced on both sides of the center of gravity of the working head. As a result, when the working head mounted on the tool holding part is used to operate on the workpiece, it is possible to prevent the working head from falling off the tool holding part.

[0012] In addition, it is preferable that the center of gravity of the working head is located on a virtual straight line connecting the first connection part and the second connection part when viewed in the axial direction along the predetermined axis, and is arranged between the first connection part and the second connection part.

[0013] According to the processing machine constructed in this way, the centrifugal force generated when the tool holding portion rotates can be more well-balancedly received on both sides of the center of gravity of the working head, thereby more reliably preventing the working head from falling off the tool holding portion.

[0014] In addition, it is preferred that a pin insertion hole is provided in one of the tool holding portion and the working head. A pin member is provided in the other of the tool holding portion and the working head, and when the working head is mounted relative to the tool holding portion, the pin member is inserted into the pin insertion hole and constitutes the first connection portion together with the pin insertion hole. The insertion direction of the pin member relative to the pin insertion hole is parallel to the predetermined axis.

[0015] According to the processing machine thus constructed, the direction of the centrifugal force generated when the tool holding portion rotates is orthogonal to the insertion direction of the pin member into the pin insertion hole, thereby more reliably preventing the working head from falling off the tool holding portion.

[0016] In addition, it is preferred that a tool insertion hole for inserting a tool is provided in the tool holding portion. The tool holding portion has a tool clamping mechanism portion for clamping the tool inserted into the tool insertion hole. A handle portion is provided in the working head, and when the working head is mounted relative to the tool holding portion, the handle portion is inserted into the tool insertion hole, and is clamped by the tool clamping mechanism portion, and together with the tool insertion hole, constitutes a second connection portion.

[0017] According to the processing machine constructed in this way, the tool clamping mechanism part for clamping the tool is used in the second connection part. Thus, it is possible to more reliably prevent the working head from falling off from the tool holding part.

[0018] In addition, it is preferable that the working head is an additional processing head that ejects material powder onto the workpiece and irradiates the workpiece with laser light.

[0019] According to the processing machine structured in this way, when the additional processing head attached to the tool holding portion is used to perform additional processing on the workpiece, it is possible to prevent the additional processing head from falling off from the tool holding portion.

[0020] Effects of the Invention

[0021] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a processing machine in which, when a workpiece is worked on by a working head attached to a tool holding portion, the working head is prevented from falling off from the tool holding portion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front view which shows the processing machine in embodiment of this invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a perspective view showing a tool spindle and an additional machining head mounted on the tool spindle.

[0024] Figure 3 Yes means Figure 2 Front view of the tool spindle and additional machining heads.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram showing the tool spindle.

[0026] Figure 5 Yes means Figure 4 Front view of the tool spindle in .

[0027] Figure 6 It is a perspective view showing an additional processing head.

[0028] Figure 7 Yes means Figure 6 Front view of the additional processing head.

[0029] Figure 8 Yes means Figure 6 Top view of the additional processing head in .

[0030] Fig. 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining the connection structure between the tool spindle and the additional processing head.

[0031] Fig.10 It means along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the tool spindle and additional processing head viewed in the direction of the XX line.

[0032] Fig.11 Yes means Fig. 9A sectional view of the tool spindle and the additional processing head in the range surrounded by the double-dashed line XI.

[0033] Fig.12 Yes means Figure 3 A front view of a modified example of the tool spindle and additional machining head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings referred to below, the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0035] Figure 1 1 is a front view showing a processing machine in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 In the figure, the interior of the processing machine is shown by seeing through a cover constituting the appearance of the processing machine.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The processing machine 100 is an AM / SM hybrid processing machine capable of performing additional processing of a workpiece and removal processing (cutting processing) of the workpiece. The processing machine 100 has a turning function using a fixed tool and a milling function using a rotary tool as SM processing functions.

[0037] The processing machine 100 is an NC (Numerically Controlled) processing machine in which various operations for processing a workpiece are automated by numerical control performed by a computer.

[0038] In addition, in this specification, the axis parallel to the left-right direction (width direction) of the processing machine 100 and extending in the horizontal direction is called the "Z axis", the axis parallel to the front-back direction (depth direction) of the processing machine 100 and extending in the horizontal direction is called the "Y axis", and the axis extending in the vertical direction is called the "X axis". The X axis, Y axis, and Z axis are three axes that are orthogonal to each other. Figure 1 The right direction in is called the "+Z axis direction", and the left direction is called the "-Z axis direction". Figure 1 The front direction of the paper is called the "+Y axis direction", and the back direction is called the "-Y axis direction". Figure 1 The upward direction is referred to as the "+X axis direction", and the downward direction is referred to as the "-X axis direction".

[0039] First, the entire structure of the processing machine 100 will be described. The processing machine 100 includes a cover 166 . The cover 166 forms the processing region 160 and constitutes the appearance of the processing machine 100 .

[0040] The machining area 160 is a space where workpieces are machined, and is sealed so that chips and coolant (mist) generated by workpiece removal and fumes generated by workpiece addition do not leak out of the machining area 160 .

[0041] The processing machine 100 includes a base 136 , a first workpiece spindle 111 , a second workpiece spindle 116 , a tool spindle 121 , and a tool rest 131 .

[0042] The base 136 is a base member for supporting the first workpiece spindle 111 , the second workpiece spindle 116 , the tool spindle 121 , the tool rest 131 , and the like, and is installed on the floor of a factory or the like.

[0043] The first workpiece spindle 111 and the second workpiece spindle 116 are arranged opposite to each other in the Z-axis direction. Each of the first workpiece spindle 111 and the second workpiece spindle 116 can hold a workpiece. A chuck mechanism (not shown) for holding the workpiece in a detachable manner is provided on each of the first workpiece spindle 111 and the second workpiece spindle 116. The first workpiece spindle 111 rotates the held workpiece around a rotation center axis 101 parallel to the Z-axis. The second workpiece spindle 116 rotates the held workpiece around a rotation center axis 102 parallel to the Z-axis.

[0044] The first workpiece spindle 111 is fixed to the base 136 . The second workpiece spindle 116 is provided so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction by various conveying mechanisms, guide mechanisms, servo motors, etc. The second workpiece spindle 116 may be fixed to the base 136 .

[0045] In addition, instead of the second workpiece spindle 116, a tailstock for supporting the rotation center of the workpiece held by the first workpiece spindle 111 may be provided, or a workpiece vibration isolation device for supporting the workpiece held by the first workpiece spindle 111 from the outer periphery to prevent vibration of the workpiece may be provided.

[0046] The tool spindle 121 is disposed in the processing area 160. The tool spindle 121 can hold a tool for removing a workpiece. The tool spindle 121 can hold a rotary tool for milling a workpiece. The tool spindle 121 is provided with a tool clamping mechanism 271 (see the following description) for holding the tool in a detachable manner. Fig.11 ). The tool spindle 121 rotates the held rotary tool about a rotation center axis 105 parallel to the X-axis-Z-axis plane when a workpiece is milled using the rotary tool.

[0047] The tool spindle 121 can also rotate around a predetermined axis 104 parallel to the horizontal direction (B-axis rotation). The predetermined axis 104 is parallel to the Y axis. The rotation range of the tool spindle 121 is preferably relative to the spindle end face 123 of the tool spindle 121 (see the following Figure 5 ) downward-facing baseline posture ( Figure 1 The rotation range of the tool spindle 121 may be within a range of ±90° or more relative to the reference posture, or may be within a range of ±120°.

[0048] The tool spindle 121 is supported on a base 136 by a column (not shown) or the like. The tool spindle 121 can be moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction by various conveying mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors provided on the column or the like. The processing position of the rotary tool attached to the tool spindle 121 moves three-dimensionally.

[0049] In addition, although Figure 1 Although not shown, an automatic tool changer (ATC: Automatic Tool Changer) for automatically replacing a tool held by the tool spindle 121 and a tool magazine for accommodating tools held by the tool spindle 121 for replacement are provided around the first workpiece spindle 111 .

[0050] A plurality of fixed tools for turning are mounted on the tool rest 131. The tool rest 131 is a so-called turret-shaped tool rest, and a plurality of fixed tools are mounted radially and released by rotation.

[0051] More specifically, the tool holder 131 has a rotating portion 132. The rotating portion 132 is provided so as to be rotatable around a rotation center axis 106 parallel to the Z axis. A tool holder for holding a fixed tool is installed at a position spaced apart in the circumferential direction around the rotation center axis 106. The rotating portion 132 rotates around the rotation center axis 106, so that the fixed tool held in the tool holder moves in the circumferential direction, and the fixed tool used for turning is released.

[0052] The tool rest 131 is supported on a base 136 by a saddle (not shown). The tool rest 131 can be moved in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction by various conveying mechanisms, guide mechanisms, and servo motors provided on the saddle. The tool rest 131 may also have a milling function for rotating a rotary tool.

[0053] The processing machine 100 further includes an additional processing head 141 , a powder feeder and a laser oscillator (not shown), and a cable 146 .

[0054] The additional processing head 141 performs an operation on the workpiece. The additional processing head 141 ejects powder (material powder) onto the workpiece and irradiates the workpiece with laser light, thereby performing additional processing (directed energy deposition method). As the powder, metal powders such as stainless steel, nickel-based alloys, cobalt-based alloys, or titanium can be used. In addition, the powder is not limited to metal powders.

[0055] The additional processing head 141 is detachably provided with respect to the tool spindle 121. When performing additional processing on a workpiece, the additional processing head 141 is mounted on the tool spindle 121 and moves integrally with the tool spindle 121 in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, or rotates around the predetermined axis 104. When performing removal processing on a workpiece, the additional processing head 141 is separated from the tool spindle 121 and stored in the headstock 170 discussed later.

[0056] The powder feeder and the laser oscillator are provided outside the processing machine 100. The powder feeder delivers powder used for the additional processing toward the additional processing head 141. The laser oscillator oscillates laser light used for the additional processing.

[0057] The cable 146 extends from the additional processing head 141 and is connected to the powder feeder and the laser oscillator. The cable 146 supplies the powder from the powder feeder to the additional processing head 141 and supplies the laser from the laser oscillator to the additional processing head 141. The cable 146 includes: an optical fiber for guiding the laser; a pipe for guiding the powder; an air pipe that serves as a flow path for air; a gas pipe that serves as a flow path for inert gas; a cooling pipe that serves as a flow path for refrigerant; an electrical wiring; and a flexible pipe that accommodates these. The cable 146 has flexibility.

[0058] The additional processing head 141 includes a head body 151 and a laser tool 142. Laser light and powder are introduced into the head body 151 via a cable 146. The head body 151 has various optical components built therein, such as a reflector for guiding laser light toward the laser tool 142 and a collimator lens for making the laser light parallel.

[0059] The head main body 151 is provided with a cable guide 143. The cable guide 143 has a cylindrical shape, and a cable 146 is inserted into the inside thereof. The cable guide 143 guides the cable 146 into the inside of the head main body 151.

[0060] The laser tool 142 is mounted on the head body 151. The laser tool 142 emits laser light toward the workpiece and determines the irradiation area of ​​the laser light in the workpiece. The laser tool 142 may also have a focusing lens. The optical axis 107 of the laser light emitted from the laser tool 142 toward the workpiece extends parallel to the rotation center axis 105 of the tool spindle 121. The laser tool 142 is provided with a nozzle hole for ejecting powder toward the workpiece. In addition, the additional processing head 141 may also be a structure that ejects powder via a nozzle having a tube shape.

[0061] The processing machine 100 may also have a plurality of laser tools 142 having different shapes and / or sizes of the laser irradiation area determined on the workpiece. In this case, any one of the plurality of laser tools 142 may be selectively mounted on the head body 151 in accordance with the conditions of the additional processing to be performed.

[0062] The cover 166 further forms a storage area 161 . The storage area 161 is provided so as to be aligned with the processing area 160 in the Z-axis direction. The storage area 161 is provided above the second work spindle 116 .

[0063] The cover body 166 further includes an inner cover 167 and an opening and closing cover 169. The inner cover 167 forms the storage area 161. An opening portion 168 is provided in the inner cover 167. The opening portion 168 is composed of an opening that allows the processing area 160 and the storage area 161 to communicate with each other. The opening and closing cover 169 is provided at the opening portion 168. The opening and closing cover 169 is provided in a manner that can move between a closed state that blocks the opening portion 168 and an open state that opens the opening portion 168.

[0064] The processing machine 100 further includes a headstock 170 and a headstock support 181. The headstock 170 is disposed in the storage area 161. The headstock support 181 is vertically disposed on the base 136. The headstock 170 is supported by the headstock support 181 at a position above the second workpiece spindle 116. The headstock 170 stores the additional processing head 141 in the storage area 161 during the removal processing of the workpiece.

[0065] The head frame 170 includes a head holding portion 171 , a base 172 , and a cable support portion 176 .

[0066] The head holding portion 171 holds the additional processing head 141 in a detachable manner. The opening and closing cover 169 is moved to an open state when switching between the removal processing and the additional processing of the workpiece. When switching from the removal processing of the workpiece to the additional processing, the additional processing head 141 is transferred from the tool spindle 121 to the cable support portion 176 and is stored in the storage area 161 through the opening portion 168. When switching from the additional processing of the workpiece to the removal processing, the additional processing head 141 enters the processing area 160 through the opening portion 168 and is transferred from the cable support portion 176 to the tool spindle 121.

[0067] The base 172 is composed of a plate member arranged parallel to the Y-axis-Z-axis plane. The head holding portion 171 and the cable support portion 176 are mounted on the base 172 .

[0068] The cable support portion 176 supports the cable 146 extending from the additional processing head 141. The cable support portion 176 has a pulley portion 177. The pulley portion 177 is provided so as to be rotatable about the rotation center axis 108 parallel to the Y-axis direction and slidable in the Z-axis direction. A tension (elastic force) is applied to the pulley portion 177 from the processing area 160 toward the storage area 161 by a spring member (not shown). In the Z-axis direction, a tension is applied to the pulley portion 177 in a direction away from the additional processing head 141 in the processing area 160 (+Z-axis direction).

[0069] The cable 146 extending from the additional processing head 141 extends in the +Z axis direction on the base 172. The cable 146 is hung on the pulley 177, turned 180 degrees, and extends in the -Z axis direction. The top end of the cable 146 extending in the -Z axis direction is supported by the base 172.

[0070] This configuration can suppress bending of the cable 146 in the processing area 160. In addition, by sliding the pulley 177 in the Z-axis direction, the length of the cable 146 in the processing area 160 can be automatically adjusted according to the position of the additional processing head 141.

[0071] Next, a more specific structure of the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 and a connection structure between the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 will be described.

[0072] Figure 2 This is a perspective view showing a tool spindle and an additional machining head mounted on the tool spindle. Figure 3 Yes means Figure 2 Front view of the tool spindle and additional machining heads. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram showing the tool spindle. Figure 5 Yes means Figure 4 Front view of the tool spindle in . Figure 6 It is a perspective view showing an additional processing head. Figure 7 Yes means Figure 6 Front view of the additional processing head. Figure 8 Yes means Figure 6 Top view of the additional processing head in .

[0073] In addition, Figure 2 to Figure 8 and the subsequent Figures 9 to 11, the tool spindle 121 in the reference posture and the additional processing head 141 mounted on the tool spindle 121 are shown corresponding to the three axes of the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis. Hereinafter, the structures of the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 will be described with reference to the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis in the reference posture.

[0074] Reference Figure 2 to Figure 8 The tool spindle 121 has an outer body 122 and a spindle body 124 (refer to the following Fig.11 ).

[0075] The outer casing 122 constitutes the outer appearance of the tool spindle 121. The outer casing 122 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The outer casing 122 has a first side surface 122a and a second side surface 122b.

[0076] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first side surface 122a faces the +Y axis direction. The first side surface 122a is arranged parallel to the Y-axis-Z axis plane. The predetermined axis 104 intersects with the first side surface 122a. The second side surface 122b is arranged at a position away from the predetermined axis 104 in the radial direction outward of the predetermined axis 104. The second side surface 122b is composed of a plane parallel to the rotation center axis 105 and the predetermined axis 104. The second side surface 122b faces the radial direction outward of the predetermined axis 104. The second side surface 122b moves in the circumferential direction of the predetermined axis 104 as the tool spindle 121 rotates around the predetermined axis 104.

[0077] like Figure 5 and the subsequent Fig.11 As shown, the spindle body 124 is incorporated in the outer housing 122. The spindle body 124 is composed of a cylindrical body extending in the axial direction of the rotation center axis 105. The spindle body 124 is supported so as to be rotatable about the rotation center axis 105.

[0078] The spindle body 124 has a spindle end face 123. The spindle end face 123 is arranged at the end in the axial direction of the rotation center axis 105 of the spindle body 124. The spindle end face 123 is set at a position away from the predetermined axis 104 in the radial direction of the predetermined axis 104. The spindle end face 123 is composed of a plane that is orthogonal to the rotation center axis 105 and parallel to the predetermined axis 104. The spindle end face 123 has an annular shape with the rotation center axis 105 as the center. The spindle end face 123 moves in the circumferential direction of the predetermined axis 104 as the tool spindle 121 rotates with the predetermined axis 104 as the center.

[0079] The additional processing head 141 (head main body 151 ) includes a first side portion 152 , a second side portion 153 , and a bottom portion 154 .

[0080] like Figure 8 As shown, when the additional processing head 141 is observed along the X-axis direction, the first side portion 152 is arranged at a position away from the optical axis 107 in the +Y-axis direction. The first side portion 152 is arranged in parallel with the X-axis-Z-axis plane, and has a block shape with the Y-axis direction being the thickness direction. The second side portion 153 is arranged in a position away from the optical axis 107 in the +Z-axis direction and in the +Y-axis direction. The second side portion 153 is arranged in parallel with the X-axis-Y-axis plane, and has a block shape with the Z-axis direction being the thickness direction. The end of the second side portion 153 in the +Y-axis direction is connected to the end of the first side portion 152 in the +Z-axis direction to form a corner.

[0081] The cable guide portion 143 is connected to a corner portion formed by the first side portion 152 and the second side portion 153. The cable guide portion 143 is open toward the +Z axis direction.

[0082] The bottom 154 is arranged parallel to the Y-axis-Z-axis plane and has a block shape with the X-axis direction being the thickness direction. The end of the bottom 154 in the +Y-axis direction is connected to the end of the first side portion 152 in the -X-axis direction to form a corner. The end of the bottom 154 in the +Z-axis direction is connected to the end of the second side portion 153 in the -X-axis direction to form a corner. The ends of the bottom 154 in the +Z-axis direction and the +Y-axis direction are connected to the ends of the first side portion 152 in the +Z-axis direction and the -X-axis direction and the ends of the second side portion 153 in the +Y-axis direction and the -X-axis direction to form a top.

[0083] The laser tool 142 is attached to the bottom portion 154. The laser tool 142 is provided so as to protrude from the bottom portion 154 in the -X axis direction.

[0084] When the additional processing head 141 is installed on the tool spindle 121, the first side surface 122a and the first side portion 152 are opposite to each other in the Y-axis direction, the second side surface 122b and the second side portion 153 are opposite to each other in the Z-axis direction, and the spindle end face 123 and the bottom 154 are opposite to each other in the X-axis direction.

[0085] When the additional processing head 141 is mounted on the tool spindle 121, the predetermined axis 104 of the tool spindle 121 extending in the Y-axis direction intersects with the first side portion 152 of the additional processing head 141. The rotation center axis 105 of the tool spindle 121 extending in the X-axis direction intersects with the bottom 154 of the additional processing head 141. The optical axis 107 extending in the X-axis direction in the additional processing head 141 intersects with the outer casing 122.

[0086] like Figure 6 to Figure 8As shown, the additional processing head 141 further includes a cylinder cover 157. The cylinder cover 157 is attached to the end portion in the +X axis direction of the second side portion 153. The cylinder cover 157 is provided so as to cover the piston cylinder 231 to be described later.

[0087] In addition, Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the figure, the internal structure of the cylinder head 157 is shown by omitting the cylinder head 157. Fig. 9 In the figure, the cylinder head 157 and its internal structure are omitted.

[0088] Fig. 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining the connection structure between the tool spindle and the additional processing head. Fig.10 It means along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the tool spindle and additional processing head viewed in the direction of the XX line. Fig.11 Yes means Fig. 9 A sectional view of the tool spindle and the additional processing head in the range surrounded by the double-dashed line XI.

[0089] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The processing machine 100 further includes a first connection portion 211. The first connection portion 211 is provided on the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141. The first connection portion 211 is configured to connect the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 to each other.

[0090] like Fig.10 As shown, the tool spindle 121 further includes a block 221. The block 221 is attached to the outer body 122. The block 221 is provided so as to protrude from the second side surface 122b of the outer body 122. The block 221 is provided above the second side portion 153 of the additional processing head 141.

[0091] The block 221 is provided with a pin insertion hole 222. The pin insertion hole 222 is in a concave shape that is recessed in the Y-axis direction. The pin insertion hole 222 is open toward the +Y-axis direction in the block 221. The pin insertion hole 222 is provided on the axis of the central axis 206 that is parallel to the Y-axis direction. When the block 221 is cut by a plane orthogonal to the central axis 206, the pin insertion hole 222 is in a circular opening shape.

[0092] The additional processing head 141 further includes a piston cylinder 231. The piston cylinder 231 is attached to the end portion in the +X axis direction of the second side portion 153. The piston cylinder 231 is provided at a position facing the block body 221 in the Y axis direction.

[0093] The piston cylinder 231 includes a cylinder body 242, a piston 243, a pin member 233, and a guide block 232. The cylinder body 242 supports the piston 243 so that it can slide in the Y-axis direction. By supplying fluid pressure such as hydraulic pressure or air pressure to the cylinder body 242, the piston 243 slides in either the +Y-axis direction or the -Y-axis direction.

[0094] The guide block 232 is arranged in parallel with the cylinder 242 in the Y-axis direction. The guide block 232 is arranged between the cylinder 242 and the block 221 in the Y-axis direction. The guide block 232 supports the pin member 233 so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction.

[0095] The pin member 233 has a pin shape extending in the Y-axis direction. The pin member 233 extends on the axis of the central axis 207. When the additional processing head 141 is attached to the tool spindle 121, the central axis 207 and the central axis 206 are arranged on a straight line.

[0096] The pin member 233 is disposed opposite to the pin insertion hole 222 in the Y-axis direction. The pin member 233 has a convex shape protruding toward the -Y-axis direction. The pin member 233 has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the pin insertion hole 222 when cut by a plane orthogonal to the central axis 207. The pin member 233 has a circular cross-sectional shape.

[0097] The pin member 233 is connected to the piston 243. The end of the pin member 233 in the +Y axis direction is connected to the end of the piston 243 in the -Y axis direction. The pin member 233 and the piston 243 slide in the Y axis direction integrally.

[0098] In such a structure, the first connection portion 211 is composed of a pin insertion hole 222 and a pin member 233. When the additional processing head 141 is mounted relative to the tool spindle 121, the piston 243 is slid in the -Y axis direction by supplying fluid pressure to the cylinder 242. The pin member 233 is inserted into the pin insertion hole 222 by sliding in the -Y axis direction together with the piston 243. Thus, the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 are connected to each other by the first connection portion 211.

[0099] The insertion direction of the pin member 233 with respect to the pin insertion hole 222 is the Y-axis direction (−Y-axis direction) parallel to the predetermined axis 104 .

[0100] On the other hand, when the additional processing head 141 is separated from the tool spindle 121, the piston 243 is slid in the +Y axis direction by supplying fluid pressure to the cylinder 242. The pin 233 is pulled out from the pin insertion hole 222 by sliding in the +Y axis direction together with the piston 243. Thus, the connection between the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 by the first connection portion 211 is released.

[0101] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.11 The processing machine 100 further includes a second connection portion 261. The second connection portion 261 is provided on the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141. The second connection portion 261 is disposed at a position separated from the first connection portion 211. The second connection portion 261 is configured so as to connect the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 to each other.

[0102] like Fig.11 As shown, a tool insertion hole 125 is provided in the tool spindle 121 (spindle body 124). The tool insertion hole 125 is concave in the axial direction of the rotation center axis 105. The tool insertion hole 125 opens at the spindle end face 123. When the tool is mounted on the tool spindle 121 during the removal process of the workpiece, the tool (shank) is inserted into the tool insertion hole 125.

[0103] The tool insertion hole 125 defines a tapered surface 125c. The tapered surface 125c is formed by the inner peripheral surface of the spindle body 124 centered on the rotation center axis 105. The diameter of the tapered surface 125c decreases as it is farther from the spindle end surface 123 in the axial direction of the rotation center axis 105.

[0104] The tool spindle 121 also has a tool clamping mechanism 271. The tool clamping mechanism 271 is provided on the spindle body 124. The tool clamping mechanism 271 is a mechanism for holding a tool on the tool spindle 121 during the removal process of a workpiece. The tool clamping mechanism 271 can move between a clamped state in which the tool is clamped and an unclamped state in which the tool is not clamped. In this embodiment, the standard tool shank of the tool that can be held by the tool clamping mechanism 271 is a polygonal tapered shank.

[0105] like Figure 8 and Fig.11 As shown, the additional processing head 141 also has a handle 156 .

[0106] The handle 156 is provided at the bottom 154. The handle 156 is provided so as to protrude from the bottom 154 in the +X axis direction. The handle 156 is provided on the axis of the center axis 201. When the additional processing head 141 is mounted on the tool spindle 121, the center axis 201 and the rotation center axis 105 are arranged on a straight line. The center axis 201 is arranged at a position away from the optical axis 107 in the -Z axis direction. The center axis 201 and the optical axis 107 are arranged at a position aligned in the Y axis direction. In addition, the center axis 201 and the optical axis 107 may also be arranged at a position deviated in the Y axis direction.

[0107] The shank portion 156 has a shank shape corresponding to the tool shank standard (polygonal tapered shank) of a tool that can be held by the tool clamping mechanism portion 271 .

[0108] More specifically, the shank 156 has a cylindrical shape centered on the central axis 201, and a recess 281 is provided on the inner circumference thereof, which is recessed toward the outer side in the radial direction of the rotation center axis 105. The shank 156 has a tapered surface 156d and a shank end surface 156e. The tapered surface 156d is formed by the outer circumferential surface of the shank 156 centered on the rotation center axis 105. The tapered surface 156d has a tapered shape corresponding to the tapered surface 125c. The shank end surface 156e is formed by a plane orthogonal to the central axis 201. The shank end surface 156e has a ring shape centered on the central axis 201.

[0109] The shank 156 is inserted into the tool insertion hole 125. The insertion direction of the shank 156 relative to the tool insertion hole 125 is the radial direction of the predetermined axis 104 (the axial direction of the rotation center axis 105). When the tool clamping mechanism 271 clamps the shank 156, the tapered surface 156d abuts against the tapered surface 125c, and the shank end surface 156e abuts against the spindle end surface 123.

[0110] The tool clamping mechanism 271 includes a pull rod 272 , a collet 273 , a spring member 274 , and an unclamping cylinder (not shown).

[0111] The pull rod 272 is disposed on the axis of the rotation center axis 105. The pull rod 272 is disposed in a manner that allows sliding movement in the axial direction of the rotation center axis 105 (in the axial direction of the rotation center axis 105, the side where the spindle end face 123 is located is referred to as the "front side", and the side opposite to the "front side" is referred to as the "rear side").

[0112] The collet 273 is mounted on the front end of the tie rod 272. The collet 273 is arranged on the inner side of the handle 156 having a cylindrical shape. The collet 273 is deformed in a manner of shrinking or expanding the diameter around the rotation center axis 105 as the tie rod 272 slides in the axial direction of the rotation center axis 105. The spring member 274 is provided on the outer periphery of the tie rod 272. The spring member 274 causes the elastic force toward the axial rear side of the rotation center axis 105 to act on the tie rod 272. The unclamping cylinder is provided at the rear end of the tie rod 272. The unclamping cylinder operates in a manner of sliding the tie rod 272 toward the axial front side of the rotation center axis 105 by being supplied with hydraulic pressure.

[0113] In such a structure, the second connection part 261 is composed of the tool insertion hole 125 and the shank part 156. When the additional processing head 141 is mounted relative to the tool spindle 121, the pull rod 272 is slid and moved toward the axial rear side of the rotation center axis 105 by the elastic force of the spring member 274. The collet 273 is deformed in a manner of expanding the diameter around the rotation center axis 105 as the pull rod 272 slides and moves, and engages with the recess 281. The collet 273 pulls the shank part 156 toward the axial rear side of the rotation center axis 105, thereby obtaining a clamping state of the tool clamping mechanism part 271 on the shank part 156. As a result, the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 are connected to each other by the second connection part 261.

[0114] On the other hand, when the additional processing head 141 is separated from the tool spindle 121, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the unclamping cylinder to slide the tie rod 272 toward the front side in the axial direction of the rotation center axis 105. The collet 273 is deformed in a manner of reducing its diameter with the rotation center axis 105 as the tie rod 272 slides, and the engagement of the collet 273 with the recessed portion 281 is released. The tie rod 272 pushes the shank 156 toward the front side in the axial direction of the rotation center axis 105, thereby obtaining an unclamping state of the shank 156 by the tool clamping mechanism 271. As a result, the connection between the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 by the second connecting portion 261 is released.

[0115] Furthermore, the tool shank that can be held by the tool clamping mechanism of the present invention is not limited to a polygonal tapered shank, and may be, for example, a hollow tapered shank.

[0116] Reference Fig. 9 The first connection portion 211 is arranged on one side of a virtual plane 310 including the center of gravity position G of the additional processing head 141 and the predetermined axis 104, and the second connection portion 261 is arranged on the other side of the virtual plane 310. The predetermined axis 104 extends within the plane of the virtual plane 310. When viewed along the axial direction of the predetermined axis 104, the center of gravity position G of the additional processing head 141 overlaps with the virtual plane 310.

[0117] The center-of-gravity position G is the center-of-gravity position of the additional processing head 141 alone in a state of being separated from the tool spindle 121 .

[0118] When the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 are viewed along the axial direction of the predetermined axis 104, the center of gravity position G of the additional processing head 141 is arranged at a position deviated from the predetermined axis 104 in the +Z axis direction and the -X axis direction. The center of gravity position G is arranged at a position overlapping with the first side portion 152. The center of gravity position G is arranged at a position deviated from the second side portion 153 in the -Z axis direction and deviated from the bottom portion 154 in the +X axis direction. The center of gravity position G is arranged between the first connection portion 211 and the second connection portion 261 in the X axis direction (vertical direction). The center of gravity position G is arranged between the first connection portion 211 and the second connection portion 261 in the Z axis direction (horizontal direction).

[0119] The center of gravity position G can also be determined by inputting the shape of the additional processing head 141 and the weights of the components of the additional processing head 141 into a computer and performing FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis. The determination of the center of gravity position G is not limited to the analysis performed by a computer. For example, the following method can be used: the intersection of the extension line of the rope when the additional processing head 141 is suspended at an arbitrary point by the rope and the extension line of the rope when the additional processing head 141 is suspended at another point by the rope is set as the center of gravity position of the additional processing head 141.

[0120] The shortest distance between the first connection portion 211 and the imaginary plane 310 is greater than the shortest distance between the second connection portion 261 and the imaginary plane 310. The shortest distance between the first connection portion 211 and the imaginary plane 310 may be less than the shortest distance between the second connection portion 261 and the imaginary plane 310.

[0121] When the tool spindle 121 rotates around the predetermined axis 104, it can be considered that the centrifugal force in a direction parallel to the imaginary plane 310 including the center of gravity position G of the additional processing head 141 and the predetermined axis 104 acts on the additional processing head 141 installed on the tool spindle 121, with the center of gravity position G of the additional processing head 141 as the mass point.

[0122] In this case, the first connection portion 211 and the second connection portion 261 that connect the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 to each other are respectively arranged on one side and the other side across the imaginary plane 310, so that the centrifugal force generated when the tool spindle 121 rotates can be well-balanced on both sides across the center of gravity position G of the additional processing head 141. In addition, the weight of the additional processing head 141 can be well-balanced on both sides across the center of gravity position G of the additional processing head 141. As a result, the additional processing head 141 can be prevented from falling off the tool spindle 121 during additional processing of the workpiece.

[0123] The insertion direction of the pin member 233 with respect to the pin insertion hole 222 is the Y-axis direction parallel to the predetermined axis 104. According to such a structure, the direction of the centrifugal force generated when the tool spindle 121 rotates is orthogonal to the insertion direction of the pin member 233 with respect to the pin insertion hole 222. As a result, the additional processing head 141 can be more reliably prevented from falling off from the tool spindle 121 during additional processing of the workpiece.

[0124] Fig.12 Yes means Figure 3 Front view of a modified example of the tool spindle and additional machining head in FIG. Fig.12 In this variation, when observing the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 along the axial direction of the predetermined axis 104, the center of gravity position G of the additional processing head 141 is located on the imaginary straight line 320 connecting the first connecting part 211 and the second connecting part 261, and is arranged between the first connecting part 211 and the second connecting part 261.

[0125] The imaginary straight line 320 passes through the central axis 207 of the pin member 233 (the central axis 206 of the pin insertion hole 222) in the first connection portion 211. The imaginary straight line 320 is located on the axis of the rotation central axis 105 corresponding to the central axis of the tool insertion hole 125 in the second connection portion 261 and passes through an arbitrary point 208 on the inner circumferential side of the contact portion between the tapered surface 125c and the tapered surface 156d.

[0126] According to such a structure, the centrifugal force generated when the tool spindle 121 rotates can be more well-balanced on both sides of the center of gravity G of the additional processing head 141. Thus, the additional processing head 141 can be more reliably prevented from falling off the tool spindle 121 during additional processing of the workpiece.

[0127] If the structure of the processing machine 100 in the embodiment of the present invention described above is summarized, the processing machine 100 in this embodiment comprises: a tool spindle 121 as a tool holding portion, which is arranged in a manner that it can rotate around a predetermined axis 104 parallel to the horizontal direction, and holds a tool for removing processing of a workpiece; an additional processing head 141 as a working head, which is detachably arranged relative to the tool spindle 121, and performs processing on the workpiece; a first connecting portion 211, which is arranged on the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141, so that the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 are connected to each other; and a second connecting portion 261, which is arranged on the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141, and is configured at a position separated from the first connecting portion 211, so that the tool spindle 121 and the additional processing head 141 are connected to each other. The first connection portion 211 is disposed on one side of a virtual plane 310 including the center of gravity position G of the additional processing head 141 and the predetermined axis line 104 , and the second connection portion 261 is disposed on the other side of the virtual plane 310 .

[0128] According to the processing machine 100 in the embodiment of the present invention configured in this manner, when the additional processing head 141 attached to the tool spindle 121 performs additional processing on a workpiece, the additional processing head 141 can be prevented from falling off from the tool spindle 121 .

[0129] In addition, the working head in the present invention is not limited to the additional processing head 141, and for example, it can be a laser processing head for laser processing of a workpiece, or a measuring head having a probe for measuring the workpiece. In addition, the tool holding part in the present invention is not limited to the tool spindle, and for example, it can also be a tool holder for holding a fixed tool.

[0130] The embodiments disclosed this time should be considered in all points as illustrative and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims rather than the above description, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims.

[0131] Industrial Applicability

[0132] The present invention is suitable for use in, for example, a processing machine capable of performing removal processing and additional processing of a workpiece.

[0133] Description of Reference Numerals

[0134] 100, processing machinery; 101, 102, 105, 108, rotation center axis; 104, predetermined axis; 106, rotation center axis; 107, optical axis; 111, first workpiece spindle; 116, second workpiece spindle; 121, tool spindle; 122, outer body; 122a, first side; 122b, second side; 123, spindle end face; 124, spindle body; 125, tool insertion hole; 125c, 156d, tapered surface; 131, tool holder; 132, rotating part; 136, base; 141, additional processing head; 142, laser tool; 143, cable guide; 146, cable; 151, head body; 152, first side; 153, second side; 154, bottom; 156, handle; 156e, handle end surface; 157, cylinder head; 160, processing area; 161, storage area; 166, cover body; 167, inner cover; 168, opening; 169, opening and closing cover; 170, head frame; 171, head holding part; 172, base; 176, cable support part; 177, pulley part; 181, head frame support platform; 201, 206, 207, central axis; 211, first connecting part; 221, block; 222, pin insertion hole; 231, piston cylinder; 232, guide block; 233, pin member; 242, cylinder body; 243, piston; 261, second connecting part; 271, tool clamping mechanism; 272, pull rod; 273, collet; 274, spring member; 281, recess; 310, imaginary plane; 320, imaginary straight line; G, center of gravity position.

Claims

1. A processing machine comprising: A tool holding portion, which is arranged to be rotatable around a predetermined axis parallel to the horizontal direction, and holds a tool for removing a workpiece; a working head, which is detachably mounted relative to the tool holding portion and performs work on the workpiece; a first connection portion provided at the tool holding portion and the working head to connect the tool holding portion and the working head to each other; as well as a second connection portion, which is provided on the tool holding portion and the working head and is arranged at a position separated from the first connection portion so as to connect the tool holding portion and the working head to each other; The first connection portion is disposed on one side sandwiching a virtual plane including the center of gravity of the working head and the predetermined axis, and the second connection portion is disposed on the other side sandwiching the virtual plane.

2. The processing machine according to claim 1, wherein: When viewed in the axial direction of the predetermined axis, the center of gravity of the working head is located on a virtual straight line connecting the first connection portion and the second connection portion, and is disposed between the first connection portion and the second connection portion.

3. The processing machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: A pin insertion hole is provided in either the tool holding portion or the working head. The other of the tool holding portion and the working head is provided with a pin member, and when the working head is mounted relative to the tool holding portion, the pin member is inserted into the pin insertion hole and constitutes the first connecting portion together with the pin insertion hole. An insertion direction of the pin member with respect to the pin insertion hole is parallel to the predetermined axis.

4. The processing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The tool holding portion is provided with a tool insertion hole for inserting a tool. The tool holding portion includes a tool clamping mechanism portion for clamping the tool inserted into the tool insertion hole. The working head is provided with a shank portion, and when the working head is mounted relative to the tool holding portion, the shank portion is inserted into the tool insertion hole and clamped by the tool clamping mechanism portion, thereby constituting the second connection portion together with the tool insertion hole.

5. The processing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The working head is an additional processing head that ejects material powder onto a workpiece and irradiates a laser beam.

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