Coupling bionic anti-drag subsoiler based on rose petal profile curve and mastoid structure

Abstract

A coupling bionic anti-drag subsoiler based on a rose petal profile curve and a mastoid structure is composed of a shovel handle and a bionic shovel tip, and a soil touching working face of the bionic shovel tip is formed by equal-proportion amplification and transverse stretching of a profile curve A; a plurality of rows of protrusions distributed in the generatrix direction of the soil touching working face are arranged on the soil touching working face, and each protrusion is provided with a tip end in the soil penetrating direction of the subsoiler. According to the scheme, through optimization design, the coupling bionic anti-drag subsoiler based on the rose petal profile curve and the mastoid structure is provided, and subsoiling operation resistance and energy consumption can be reduced; experimental research results show that under different tillage speeds (0.5-2.5 m / s), the horizontal tillage resistance of a traditional subsoiler can be reduced by 20.74% and the tillage efficiency can be improved by 15.8% by using the coupling bionic anti-drag subsoiler based on the rose petal profile curve and the mastoid structure; the data can prove that the method has good comprehensive cultivation performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural farming machinery and equipment, in particular to a coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on a rose petal contour curve and a papillary structure. Background Art

[0002] Deep tillage can break the hard plow bottom layer formed by long-term plowing, improve the tillage layer structure, promote water infiltration, increase the soil's ability to store water and retain moisture, and improve the absorption of water and fertilizer by crop roots. The deep tillage shovel is the core working part of the deep tillage and land preparation operation of agricultural machinery, mainly including the shovel handle and shovel tip. The high-performance structure can reduce the resistance of the deep tillage shovel, increase the soil disturbance area, and thus reduce the energy consumption of deep tillage and improve the efficiency of deep tillage.

[0003] At present, the most widely used deep plowing shovels on the market are still the national standard arc-shaped shovel handles and chisel-shaped shovel tips, which have problems such as large working resistance, high fuel consumption, and low tillage efficiency. In recent years, many studies have applied the principles of bionics to deep plowing drag reduction and consumption reduction technology. For example, the patent "A bionic deep plowing shovel with a drag-reducing bionic surface" with authorization announcement number CN110073737B can reduce the resistance of deep plowing operations by 17%. Although the bionic deep plowing shovels proposed by predecessors can reduce the operating resistance of deep plowing shovels to a certain extent, most of them only simplify a single bionic prototype and then perform bionic design, without clarifying the drag reduction effect under different tillage conditions, and the improvement of tillage efficiency is not considered in the bionic drag reduction design of deep plowing shovels. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the papillary structure, so as to reduce the tillage resistance of the deep tillage shovel, reduce the fuel consumption of the deep tillage operation, and improve the tillage efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a coupled bionic drag-reducing deep loosening shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure, which is composed of a shovel handle and a bionic shovel tip. The soil contact working surface of the bionic shovel tip is obtained by proportionally enlarging and transversely stretching the contour curve A. The curve equation of the contour curve A is: y = -0.0168x 2 + 1.0134x + 67.054, the value range of x is 0 mm ≤x≤40mm; a plurality of rows of protrusions distributed along the generatrix direction of the soil contact working surface are provided on the soil contact working surface, and each of the protrusions has a tip in the direction of the deep tillage shovel entering the soil.

[0006] As a preferred solution, the spacing between any two rows of protrusions is equal, and the spacing between any two adjacent protrusions in each row is equal.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the protrusions are diamond-shaped protrusion pairs, each of which is composed of two diamond-shaped protrusions with connected tips, and the tips of the two diamond-shaped protrusions are distributed along the generatrix direction of the soil-contacting working surface.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the bionic shovel tip is formed by connecting the shovel handle surface, the soil contact working surface, the left side surface of the shovel tip, the right side surface of the shovel tip, the first wear-resistant surface and the second wear-resistant surface, wherein the first wear-resistant surface is located at the tip of the bionic shovel tip, and the first wear-resistant surface is connected with the left side surface and the right side surface of the shovel tip respectively through the second wear-resistant surface.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the soil-contacting working surface is obtained based on the rose petal contour curve by proportional enlargement and transverse stretching. The distance between the two end points of the curve is L0. The obtained curve is proportionally enlarged, and the enlargement ratio is L / L0; the enlarged contour curve is transversely stretched, and the stretching distance is B to obtain the soil-contacting working surface of the bionic shovel tip.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the shovel handle is an arc-shaped shovel handle, including a shovel handle straight handle section, a shovel handle arc section and a connecting shovel tip section.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the arc section of the shovel handle is provided with a triangular protrusion structure along the circumferential direction, and the tip of the triangular protrusion structure faces the center of the arc section of the shovel handle.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the angle α between the connecting shovel tip section and the horizontal plane is 20-25°.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the angle α between the connecting shovel tip section and the horizontal plane is 23°.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the inner side surface of the arc section of the shovel handle is provided with an inner cutting edge and an outer cutting edge.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Through optimized design, this scheme proposes a coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure, which can reduce the resistance and energy consumption of deep tillage operations; the experimental research results show that at different tillage speeds (0.5-2.5m / s), the use of the coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure of the present invention can reduce the horizontal tillage resistance of a traditional deep tillage shovel by 20.74%, and the tillage efficiency can be improved by 15.8%; the above data can prove that the present invention has good comprehensive tillage performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a front view of a coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on a rose petal contour curve and a mastoid structure according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is an axonometric view of the bionic shovel tip in the present invention; Figure 3 A top view of the bionic shovel tip of the present invention; Figure 4 Draw a dotted outline for the side of the rose petal; Figure 5 Fitting curve graph for the lateral profile of rose petals; Figure 6 This is a microscopic papillary structure of a rose petal; Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of the horizontal tillage resistance of a coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on a rose petal contour curve and a papillary structure of the present invention and a national standard chisel-shaped deep tillage shovel under different tillage speed conditions.

[0018] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bionic shovel handle of a coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on a rose petal contour curve and a mastoid structure according to the present invention.

[0019] Fig. 9 It is an axonometric view of the tip of the subsoiler described in Comparative Examples 1-5.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. Arc-shaped shovel handle, 1-1, subsoiler fixing hole, 1-2, shovel handle straight handle section, 1-3, shovel handle arc section, 1-4, connecting shovel tip section, 1-5, shovel handle connecting hole I, 1-6, shovel handle connecting hole II; 2. Bionic shovel tip, 2-1. Surface for connecting the shovel handle, 2-2. Soil contact working surface, 2-3. Shovel tip connection hole I, 2-4. Shovel tip connection hole II, 2-5. Left side of the shovel tip, 2-6. Right side of the shovel tip, 2-7. First wear-resistant surface, 2-8. Second wear-resistant surface, 2-9. Diamond protrusion, 2-10. Busbar; 3. Bolt I; 4. Bolt II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures and features in one embodiment may also be beneficially combined in other embodiments.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the invention belongs. The words "one", "an" or "the" and the like used in the patent application specification and claims of the present invention do not express quantitative limitations, but indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" indicate that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprises" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprises" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects with the same function.

[0023] Before describing the structure of this embodiment, it is necessary to point out that the inventors have found through their research that the curved surface of rose petals and the microscopic papillary structure on their surface have a "self-cleaning property", which can prevent silt, dust, etc. from staying on the surface of the petals. Applying this property to the structural design of the deep plowing shovel can reduce the adhesion of soil to the deep plowing shovel, which can significantly reduce the resistance and energy consumption of deep plowing and has a strong theoretical basis. Based on the above idea, it is applied to the structure of the deep plowing shovel.

[0024] Embodiment 1, The following is combined with Figure 1-7 The structure and working process of this embodiment are described in detail: like Figure 1-3 As shown, a coupled bionic drag-reducing deep loosening shovel based on a rose petal contour curve and a mastoid structure is mainly composed of an arc-shaped shovel handle 1 and a bionic shovel tip 2, which are fixedly connected by screws; Among them, the arc-shaped shovel handle 1 belongs to the national standard heavy-duty arc-shaped shovel handle, including a deep plowing shovel fixing hole 1-1, a shovel handle straight handle section 1-2, a shovel handle arc section 1-3, a connecting shovel tip section 1-4, a shovel handle connecting hole 1-5 and a shovel handle connecting hole II 1-6. Two connecting holes are provided on the bionic shovel tip 2, and the bionic shovel tip 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting shovel tip section 1-4 by bolts I3 and II4. The arc-shaped shovel handle 1 is connected to the tillage equipment through the deep plowing shovel fixing hole 1-1 thereon.

[0025] The angle α between the connecting shovel tip sections 1-4 and the horizontal plane (i.e., the soil penetration angle) is 20-25°, and 23° is preferably used in this embodiment. The shovel handle width a is 80 mm, the total height H is 706.5 mm, and the outer arc radius R0 is 320 mm. The inner side surface of the shovel handle arc section is provided with an inner cutting edge and an outer cutting edge, wherein the radius of the outer cutting edge is 318-322 mm, and the radius of the inner cutting edge is 303-308 mm. In this embodiment, the outer diameter R1 of the cutting edge is preferably 305 mm, and the inner diameter R2 of the cutting edge is preferably 279 mm.

[0026] The bionic shovel tip 2 includes a shovel handle connecting surface 2-1, a soil contacting working surface 2-2, a shovel tip connecting hole Ⅰ2-3, a shovel tip connecting hole Ⅱ2-4, a shovel tip left side 2-5, a shovel tip right side 2-6, a first wear-resistant surface 2-7, a second wear-resistant surface 2-8 and a diamond-shaped protrusion 2-9, wherein the bionic shovel tip 2 is surrounded by the shovel handle connecting surface 2-1, the soil contacting working surface 2-2, the shovel tip left side 2-5, the shovel tip right side 2-6, the first wear-resistant surface 2-7 and the second wear-resistant surface 2-8, wherein the first wear-resistant surface 2-7 is located at the tip of the bionic shovel tip 2, and the first wear-resistant surface 2-7 is connected with the shovel tip left side 2-5 and the shovel tip right side 2-6 respectively through the second wear-resistant surface 2-8; in this embodiment, the length L of the bionic shovel tip 2 is 165 mm, the width B is 40 mm, and the bionic shovel tip 2 and the arc-shaped shovel handle 1 are connected through the shovel handle connecting hole 1-5, Shovel handle connection hole Ⅱ 1-6, Shovel tip connection hole 2-3 and the shovel tip connecting hole II2-4 are connected by bolts; in the top view of the bionic shovel tip 2, the first wear-resistant surface 2-7 and the second wear-resistant surface 2-8 are connected by 7mm fillets at both ends.

[0027] In this embodiment, Figure 4-6 As shown, the soil contact working surface 2-2 is obtained based on the rose petal contour curve by proportional enlargement and stretching. The specific process is: make two marking dots on the rose petals, record the actual distance between the two points, take a photo of the cross section of the rose petals, import the picture into AutoCAD software, mark the size between the two marking points, and scale the entire picture in proportion. The scaling ratio is the ratio of the actual size between the two marking points to the marked size. The scaled rose petal contour is traced, and the rose petal contour curve obtained by tracing the dots is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown; then use Excel software to perform curve fitting, and the curve equation obtained by fitting is: y = -0.0168x 2 + 1.0134x + 67.054 Wherein, the value range of x is 0 mm ≤x ≤ 40 mm; the determination index R² of the fitting equation is 0.9978. The rose petal contour curve obtained by fitting is shown in FIG5. The distance between the two end points of the curve is L0. The obtained curve is proportionally enlarged, and the enlargement ratio is L / L0, so that the enlarged curve is consistent with the length L of the national standard chisel-shaped shovel tip. The enlarged curve is defined as the generatrix 2-10 of the soil-contacting working surface 2-2 in the bionic shovel tip; the generatrix 2-10 is transversely stretched, and the stretching distance is B, so that the bionic shovel tip 2 is consistent with the national standard chisel-shaped deep loosening shovel tip width B, and then the soil-contacting working surface 2-2 of the bionic shovel tip 2 is obtained.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the microscopic papillary structure of rose petals. According to statistics, the protrusions on rose petals account for 28.22%. There are 243 papillary structures in the statistical area, and 168 of them appear in pairs. Therefore, double diamond protrusions are used to simulate the papillary structure of rose petals, and the size and arrangement of the bionic protrusions are calculated by coverage.

[0029] Based on the above description, several rows of protrusions distributed along the direction of the main line of the soil contact working surface are designed on the soil contact working surface 2-2, and each of the protrusions has a tip in the direction of the deep loosening shovel into the soil; more specifically: the spacing between any two rows of protrusions is equal, and the spacing between any two adjacent protrusions in each row is equal; in this embodiment, the protrusions are diamond protrusion pairs, and each diamond protrusion pair consists of two diamond protrusions with connected tips, and the tips of the two diamond protrusions are distributed along the direction of the main line of the soil contact working surface; Figure 2-3 As shown, pairs of rhombus protrusions 2-9 are arranged in an array on the soil contact working surface 2-2, with a height of 2 mm. A single protrusion is a rhombus with a length of 8 mm and a width of 3 mm. Two rhombus protrusions 2-9 are connected to form a rhombus protrusion pair; the tips of the rhombus protrusions 2-9 are along the generatrix direction of the bionic shovel tip soil contact working surface, and the arrangement spacing between each pair of rhombus protrusions 2-9 along the generatrix 2-10 of the soil contact working surface 2-2 of the bionic shovel tip is 21 mm, with a total of 8 groups; the arrangement spacing in the direction perpendicular to the generatrix 2-10 of the soil contact working surface 2-2 of the bionic shovel tip is 8 mm, with a total of 7 groups.

[0030] In order to verify the effect of the present invention, the test is as follows: Figure 7 The figure is a comparison diagram of the horizontal tillage resistance of the present invention and the national standard chisel-shaped deep tillage shovel under different tillage speed conditions. The experimental research results show that compared with the national standard chisel-shaped deep tillage shovel, under different tillage speeds (0.5-2.5 m / s), the use of the coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the papillary structure of the present invention can reduce the horizontal tillage resistance by 20.74%, and the tillage efficiency can be improved by 15.8%.

[0031] Embodiment 2, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is another example of a coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on a rose petal contour curve and a mastoid structure of the present invention. This embodiment adds the following structure on the basis of the embodiment 1: A triangular protrusion structure is installed along the circumferential direction of the shovel handle arc segment 1-3, with a length, width and height of 5 mm, 3 mm and 2 mm respectively. The tip of the triangular protrusion structure faces the center of the shovel handle arc segment, and the radial direction is 8 mm apart, with a total of 5 groups; the circumferential direction is 2.2° apart, with a total of 22 groups. Experimental verification shows that installing a triangular protrusion structure on the shovel handle can reduce the adhesion effect between the soil and the shovel handle, thereby reducing the forward resistance of the deep plowing shovel.

[0032] In order to more clearly describe the effect of this solution, the following five comparative analysis are conducted: Comparative Example 1 like Fig. 9 As can be seen from (a), the comparative example adopts a triangular protrusion shape added to the conventional flat shovel tip. The protrusions are arranged as follows: pairs of tips are opposite each other, and the protrusion height is 2 mm. The test research results show that at a tillage speed of 1 m / s and a tillage depth of 30 cm, the horizontal tillage resistance of the product described in the comparative example is reduced by an average of 7.09% compared with the national standard chisel-shaped deep loosening shovel.

[0033] Comparative Example 2 like Fig. 9 As can be seen from (b), the comparative example adopts the method of adding diamond-shaped protrusions on the conventional flat shovel tip. The protrusions are arranged as follows: the diamond tips are distributed along the generatrix direction, and the protrusion height is 2 mm. The test research results show that at a tillage speed of 1 m / s and a tillage depth of 30 cm, the horizontal tillage resistance of the product described in the comparative example is reduced by an average of 7.45% compared with the national standard chisel-shaped deep loosening shovel.

[0034] Comparative Example 3 like Fig. 9 As can be seen from (c), the comparative example adopts the method of adding diamond-shaped protrusions on the conventional flat shovel tip. The protrusions are arranged as follows: the diamond tips are distributed perpendicular to the generatrix direction, and the protrusion height is 2 mm. The test research results show that at a tillage speed of 1 m / s and a tillage depth of 30 cm, the horizontal tillage resistance of the product described in the comparative example is reduced by an average of 5.30% compared with the national standard chisel-shaped deep loosening shovel.

[0035] Comparative Example 4 like Fig. 9As can be seen from (d), the comparative example adds a triangular protrusion shape to the conventional flat shovel tip. The protrusions are arranged in a plum blossom shape with a protrusion height of 2 mm. The test results show that at a tillage speed of 1 m / s and a tillage depth of 30 cm, the horizontal tillage resistance of the product described in the comparative example is reduced by an average of 6.07% compared with the national standard chisel-shaped deep loosening shovel.

[0036] Comparative Example 5 like Fig. 9 As shown in (e), the comparative example adopts a bionic deep tillage shovel tip based on the rose petal contour curve, and its soil contact working surface is a smooth curved surface, and no protrusion structure of any shape is set. The experimental research results show that at a tillage speed of 1 m / s and a tillage depth of 30 cm, the horizontal tillage resistance of the product described in the comparative example is reduced by an average of 9.371% compared with the national standard chisel-shaped deep tillage shovel.

[0037] From the above content, it can be known that: compared with the national standard chisel-shaped deep tillage shovel, the coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure of the present invention can reduce the horizontal tillage resistance by 20.74%, and improve the tillage efficiency by 15.8%. The technical effect is much higher than the above 5 comparative examples; at the same time, the conventional shovel tip with diamond tips distributed along the generatrix direction in comparative example 2 is better than comparative example 1 and comparative examples 3-4 in tillage resistance; the bionic deep tillage shovel tip using the rose petal contour curve alone in comparative example 5 is better than comparative examples 1-4. It can also be seen that the protrusion structure shape, arrangement method and curve of the soil contact working surface adopted by the coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure of the present invention are more reasonable; From the above analysis, it can be seen that the coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure of the present invention uses the rose petal contour curve to optimize the design of the soil-contacting working surface 2-2 of the shovel tip, and installs a diamond-shaped protrusion structure on the soil-contacting working surface 2-2, and performs coupled bionic design on the deep tillage shovel, so that it has the "self-cleaning characteristics" of rose petals, reduces the poor adhesion of soil to the deep tillage shovel, and reduces the resistance and energy consumption of deep tillage operations. The results of discrete element simulation test show that at different tillage speeds (0.5-2.5 m / s), the use of the coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure of the present invention can reduce the horizontal tillage resistance of the traditional deep tillage shovel by 20.74%, and the tillage efficiency can be improved by 15.8%.

[0038] Parts of the present invention not described in detail are prior art.

[0039] It should be noted that although the present invention is described by the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it is obvious that those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and deformations to the present invention, but these changes and deformations should all fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coupled bionic drag-reducing deep loosening shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure, consisting of a shovel handle and a bionic shovel tip, characterized by: The soil contact working surface of the bionic shovel tip is obtained by proportionally enlarging and transversely stretching the contour curve A. The curve equation of the contour curve A is: y = -0.0168x 2 + 1.0134x + 67.054, the value range of x is 0 mm ≤x≤40mm; a plurality of rows of protrusions distributed along the generatrix direction of the soil contact working surface are provided on the soil contact working surface, and each of the protrusions has a tip in the direction of the deep tillage shovel entering the soil.

2. The coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spacing between any two rows of protrusions is equal, and the spacing between any two adjacent protrusions in each row is equal.

3. The coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The protrusions are a pair of rhombus-shaped protrusions, each of which is composed of two rhombus-shaped protrusions with connected tips, and the tips of the two rhombus-shaped protrusions are distributed along the generatrix direction of the soil-contacting working surface.

4. The coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The bionic shovel tip is formed by connecting the shovel handle surface, the soil contact working surface, the left side surface of the shovel tip, the right side surface of the shovel tip, the first wear-resistant surface and the second wear-resistant surface, wherein the first wear-resistant surface is located at the tip of the bionic shovel tip, and the first wear-resistant surface is connected with the left side surface and the right side surface of the shovel tip respectively through the second wear-resistant surface.

5. The coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil contact working surface is based on the rose petal contour curve which is enlarged in proportion and stretched horizontally. The distance between the two end points of the curve is L 0, the obtained curve is enlarged in proportion, the enlargement ratio is L / L 0; the enlarged contour curve is stretched horizontally, and the stretching distance is B to obtain the soil contact working surface of the bionic shovel tip.

6. The coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the papillary structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The shovel handle is an arc-shaped shovel handle, comprising a shovel handle straight handle section, a shovel handle arc section and a shovel tip connecting section.

7. The coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The arc section of the shovel handle is provided with a triangular protrusion structure along the circumferential direction, and the tip of the triangular protrusion structure faces the center of the arc section of the shovel handle.

8. The coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: An inner cutting edge and an outer cutting edge are arranged on the inner side surface of the arc section of the shovel handle.

9. The coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle α between the connecting shovel tip section and the horizontal plane is 20-25°.

10. The coupled bionic drag-reducing deep tillage shovel based on the rose petal contour curve and the mastoid structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The included angle α between the connecting shovel tip section and the horizontal plane is 23°.

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