Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy and making method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of food, and discloses a ganoderma lucidum tablet candy and a making method thereof. The ganoderma lucidum tablet candy comprises the following raw materials: 70-80 wt% of a ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract, 16-26 wt% of a filler, 1-2 wt% of magnesium stearate, 0.5-1 wt% of croscarmellose sodium, and the balance of povidone K30. The filling agent comprises xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of (1-3): (1-2): (1-2). The ganoderma lucidum tablet candy is good in taste, the ganoderma lucidum functional component in the product can be effectively reserved, and the raw materials and the auxiliary materials have good flowability and compaction performance, so that the ganoderma lucidum tablet candy is very suitable for being processed into the tablet candy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of food, in particular to a ganoderma lucidum tablet candy and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ganoderma lucidum is a fungus of the family Ganodermaceae and the genus Ganoderma. China is a place where Ganoderma lucidum fungus resources are widely distributed. Making full use of the abundant Ganoderma lucidum resources and actively and effectively developing Ganoderma lucidum derivative products can promote the diversified development of the Ganoderma lucidum industry and the continuous growth of the Ganoderma lucidum market. A large number of modern studies have shown that Ganoderma lucidum has physiological activities such as anti-oxidation, hypoglycemic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and liver function protection (for example, patent CN202411539973.2 discloses a blood sugar-lowering composition containing Ganoderma lucidum and its application, which has the effect of lowering blood sugar). Polysaccharides, polypeptides and free amino acids are the main active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract (GLAE). However, the present invention team found in the early stage that due to the low solubility and bioavailability of Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract, its functional activity is still limited, which is related to the structural deformation or destruction of Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract during extraction and drying. Obviously, the drying method and process have a significant effect on the structure, physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract.

[0003] Compressed candy is a new type of food in the candy product category. It is widely loved by consumers because of its advantages such as stable quality, accurate measurement, good taste and easy to carry. Due to the complex relationship between raw material properties, tableting parameters and product properties, the design and preparation of compressed candy is a challenging process. Compared with traditional tableting processes (such as dry granulation and wet granulation), the preparation process of direct powder tableting has the advantages of simple process, energy saving and high efficiency. The compressed candy products prepared by this method have stable quality and fast disintegration speed. It is an excellent compressed candy preparation process. However, this method has high requirements on the performance of raw and auxiliary materials, such as good fluidity and compaction.

[0004] Ganoderma lucidum water extract has high nutritional value, but tastes bitter when eaten directly, which is difficult for most people to accept. If the drying process is improved and Ganoderma lucidum water extract is used as raw material to make compressed candy, the medicinal properties of the product can be guaranteed, meeting people's demand for the intake of medicinal ingredients, and the taste of medicinal ingredients can be improved, which has high economic and social value.

[0005] In summary, it is of positive significance to develop a compressed candy product with good taste and fully retained functional ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum water extract. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems that the water extract of Ganoderma lucidum tastes bitter, the effective components of the water extract of Ganoderma lucidum are easily lost during processing, and the compressed candy has high requirements on the performance of raw and auxiliary materials, the present invention provides a Ganoderma lucidum compressed candy and a preparation method thereof. The Ganoderma lucidum compressed candy of the present invention has a good taste, the effective components of Ganoderma lucidum in the product can be effectively retained, and the raw and auxiliary materials have good fluidity and compactness, and are very suitable for processing into compressed candy.

[0007] The specific technical scheme of the present invention is: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a ganoderma lucidum tablet candy, which comprises the following raw materials in mass percentage: 70-80wt% of ganoderma lucidum water extract, 16-26wt% of filler, 1-2wt% of magnesium stearate, 0.5-1wt% of cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and the balance of povidone-K30. The filler comprises xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose, and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of 1-3:1-2:1-2.

[0008] The invention prepares a ganoderma lucidum tablet candy with good taste by optimizing the types and contents of auxiliary materials. On the one hand, the problem of bitter taste of ganoderma lucidum water extract can be effectively solved; on the other hand, the optimized formula has good fluidity and compactness as a whole, and is therefore very suitable for being processed into tablet candy.

[0009] Preferably, the ganoderma lucidum tablet candy comprises the following raw materials in mass percentage: ganoderma lucidum water extract 75-80wt%, filler 16-20wt%, magnesium stearate 1-1.5wt%, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.5-1wt%, and povidone-K30 balance. The filler comprises xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of 2.5-3:1-1.5:1.

[0010] Most preferably, the ganoderma lucidum tablet candy comprises the following raw materials in mass percentage: ganoderma lucidum water extract 80wt%, filler 16wt%, magnesium stearate 1wt%, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose sodium 1wt%, povidone-K30 2wt%. The filler comprises xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of 3:1:1.

[0011] Preferably, the Ganoderma lucidum water extract is obtained by spray drying after water extraction.

[0012] As described in the background technology section, the preparation process of compressed candy has high requirements on the fluidity and compactness of raw materials and auxiliary materials. The present invention has found through preliminary research that the drying method of Ganoderma lucidum water extract has an important influence on the fluidity and compactness of the final Ganoderma lucidum water extract. Finally, the present invention found that the Ganoderma lucidum water extract obtained by spray drying has good fluidity and compactness at the same time, and is very suitable for the process of compressed candy. The reason for this is that: during the spray drying process, the liquid is sprayed out under vigorous stirring to form an atomized dispersion, and the drying is completed instantly, so the particle uniformity is good; at the same time, due to the rapid gasification of water, the formed particles appear as spherical fine loose particles, which have excellent fluidity and compactness. . The Ganoderma lucidum water extract obtained by other drying methods (such as freeze drying and air drying) does not have excellent fluidity and compactness, and is difficult to process into compressed candy. In addition, the present invention also found that compared with other drying methods such as freeze drying and air drying, the Ganoderma lucidum water extract obtained by spray drying has a higher content of active ingredients, which can improve the efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum water extract.

[0013] Preferably, the neutral polysaccharide content in the Ganoderma lucidum water extract is 22-28wt%, the protein content is 22-28wt%, the free amino acid content is 45-55g / mg, and the solubility is ≥90%.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for making the above-mentioned Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy, which comprises the following steps: S1. Extract the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body with water, and then obtain the Ganoderma lucidum water extract by spray drying.

[0015] S2. Mix the Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract, filler, magnesium stearate, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and povidone-K30 to obtain a mixture.

[0016] S3. Pass the mixture through a sieve.

[0017] S4, tableting to obtain Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy.

[0018] Preferably, S1 specifically comprises: washing, slicing, drying and crushing fresh Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies, extracting in hot water, filtering, repeatedly extracting the residue in hot water, filtering, combining the filtrate, concentrating, and spray-drying to obtain Ganoderma lucidum water extract.

[0019] Preferably, in S1: the process conditions of the spray drying are: inlet air temperature 160-180°C, feed flow rate 1.3-1.7 L / h, atomizer speed 15000-20000 r / min.

[0020] Preferably, in S1: the solid-liquid ratio of the first extraction is 1:25-35 g / mL; the solid-liquid ratio of the second extraction is 1:15-25 g / mL; the temperature of the hot water is 90-98° C., and the time of each extraction is 1-3 h.

[0021] Preferably, in S1: the concentration temperature is 50-60°C, and the concentration is to 20-30% of the original volume.

[0022] Preferably, in S3, the screening is through a 50-150 mesh sieve.

[0023] Preferably, in S4, the tableting includes evenly pouring the mixture into a hopper of a single-punch tablet press, setting the tablet thickness to 0.3-0.7 cm, and tableting to obtain Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy.

[0024] Preferably, the mass of a single piece of the Ganoderma lucidum pressed candy in S4 is 250-350 mg.

[0025] Preferably, the Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy has a disintegration time of 8-9 minutes, a hardness of 150-170N, a polysaccharide content of 15-20g / 100g, a crude protein content of 20-25g / 100g, and a free amino acid content of 10-15mg / g.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention prepares a Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy with good taste by optimizing the type and content of auxiliary materials. On the one hand, it can effectively solve the problem of bitter taste of Ganoderma lucidum water extract.

[0027] (2) The present invention adopts a spray drying method to prepare the Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract, so that the Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract has good fluidity and compactness, and is very suitable for tablet candy processing. In addition, the present invention also found that compared with other drying methods such as freeze drying and forced air drying, the Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract obtained by spray drying has a higher content of active ingredients, which can improve the effect of the Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract.

[0028] (3) The present invention utilizes modern industrial technology to change the Ganoderma lucidum product from powder to tablets, thereby reducing the volume of the product, making it easier to carry and helping to extend the shelf life of the product. In addition, the Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy prepared by the present invention can be chewed or taken with water, and the method of administration is flexible, allowing consumers to freely choose. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The effects of different drying methods on the antioxidant capacity of GLAE in the present invention are as follows: (a) DPPH·free radical scavenging rate; (b) ABTS + ·Free radical scavenging rate; (c) OH·Free radical scavenging rate.

[0030] Figure 2 The effects of different factors on the disintegration time and sensory evaluation of the product of the present invention are: (a) the amount of Ganoderma lucidum water extract added; (b) the proportion of filler; (c) the amount of lubricant added; (d) the amount of disintegrant added, DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0032] Overall embodiment A ganoderma lucidum tablet candy comprises the following raw materials in mass percentage: 70-80wt% ganoderma lucidum water extract, 16-26wt% filler, 1-2wt% magnesium stearate, 0.5-1wt% cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, and the balance of povidone-K30. The filler comprises xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of 1-3:1-2:1-2.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments, the ganoderma lucidum tablet candy comprises the following raw materials in mass percentage: ganoderma lucidum water extract 75-80wt%, filler 16-20wt%, magnesium stearate 1-1.5wt%, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.5-1wt%, and povidone-K30 balance. Wherein, the filler comprises xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of 2.5-3:1-1.5:1; most preferably, the ganoderma lucidum tablet candy comprises the following raw materials in mass percentage: ganoderma lucidum water extract 80wt%, filler 16wt%, magnesium stearate 1wt%, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose sodium 1wt%, and povidone-K30 2wt%. The filler comprises xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of 3:1:1.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, the Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract is obtained by spray drying after water extraction.

[0035] In some preferred embodiments, the neutral polysaccharide content of the Ganoderma lucidum water extract is 22-28wt%, the protein content is 22-28wt%, the free amino acid content is 45-55g / mg, and the solubility is ≥90%.

[0036] A method for making the above-mentioned Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy comprises the following steps: S1. Extract the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body with water, and then obtain the Ganoderma lucidum water extract by spray drying.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, S1 specifically comprises: washing, slicing, drying and crushing fresh Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies, extracting in hot water, filtering, repeatedly extracting the residue in hot water, filtering, combining the filtrate, concentrating, and spray-drying to obtain Ganoderma lucidum water extract.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, in S1: the process conditions of the spray drying are: inlet air temperature 160-180°C, feed flow rate 1.3-1.7 L / h, atomizer speed 15000-20000 r / min.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, in S1: the solid-liquid ratio of the first extraction is 1:25-35 g / mL; the solid-liquid ratio of the second extraction is 1:15-25 g / mL; the temperature of the hot water is 90-98°C, and the time of each extraction is 1-3 hours.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments, in S1: the concentration temperature is 50-60°C, and the concentration is to 20-30% of the original volume.

[0041] S2. Mix the Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract, filler, magnesium stearate, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and povidone-K30 to obtain a mixture.

[0042] S3. Pass the mixture through a sieve.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, in S3, the screening is through a 50-150 mesh sieve.

[0044] S4, tableting to obtain Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy.

[0045] In some preferred embodiments, in S4, the tableting includes evenly pouring the mixture into a hopper of a single punch tablet press, setting the tablet thickness to 0.3-0.7 cm, and tableting to obtain Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy.

[0046] In some preferred embodiments, the mass of a single piece of the Ganoderma lucidum pressed candy in S4 is 250-350 mg.

[0047] In some preferred embodiments, the Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy has a disintegration time of 8-9 min, a hardness of 150-170 N, a polysaccharide content of 15-20 g / 100 g, a crude protein content of 20-25 g / 100 g, and a free amino acid content of 10-15 mg / g.

[0048] Specific Examples and Comparative Examples (I) Test method (1) Test of nutrient composition: Water content was determined by direct drying method (refer to GB 5009.3-2016 “National Food Safety Standard - Determination of Water in Foods”), polysaccharide content was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method (refer to NY / T 1676-2008 “Determination of Crude Polysaccharide Content in Edible Fungi”), protein content was determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen method (refer to GB 5009.5-2016 “National Food Safety Standard - Determination of Protein in Foods”), free amino acids were determined by reference to GB 5009.124-2016 “National Food Safety Standard - Determination of Amino Acids in Foods”), and solubility was determined directly by high-speed centrifugation method.

[0049] (2) Determination of DPPH free radical scavenging ability: Weigh 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, and 50.0 mg of SDE, FDE, BDE, and Vc, respectively, and add deionized water to make up to 25 mL to obtain solutions with concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 2.0 mg / mL. Take an appropriate amount of each solution and centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 10 min. Take the supernatant for later use.

[0050] Take 2.0 mL of the test solution of different concentrations (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 2.0 mg / mL) respectively, add 1.0 mL of 0.2 mol / L DPPH-ethanol solution (prepared and used immediately), seal and mix well, react at room temperature in the dark for 1 h, and measure the absorbance value A at 517 nm with an enzyme marker i Vc was used as the positive control, and an equal volume of 95% ethanol was used to replace the DPPH-ethanol solution as the sample control group. The measured absorbance A j , an equal volume of deionized water was used instead of the sample solution as a blank control, and the absorbance value A0 was measured.

[0051] DPPH·scavenging rate / %=1-[(A i -A j ) / A0]×100 (3)ABTS +Determination of scavenging ability: Weigh 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, 50.0 mg of SDE, FDE, BDE, and Vc respectively, add deionized water to 100 mL, and obtain solutions with concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, and 0.50 mg / mL. Take appropriate amount of each solution and centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 10 min, and take the supernatant for use. Take 8.0 mL of 7 mmol / L ABTS solution and 141 μL of 140 mmol / L potassium persulfate solution, mix them, and react at 4°C in the dark for 12 to 16 hours. Take appropriate amount and dilute with 10 mmol / L pH7.4 phosphate buffer to OD value = 0.70 ± 0.02, and set aside.

[0052] Take 1.0 mL of each test solution of different concentrations (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.50 mg / mL) and add ABTS + · 3.0 mL of solution, mixed, reacted for 1 hour in the dark, and the absorbance value A at 734 nm was measured by ELISA i Vc was used as a positive control, and an equal volume of deionized water was used instead of ABTS. + The solution is the sample control group, and the measured absorbance A j , use an equal volume of pure water to replace the sample and Vc solution as a blank control, and measure the absorbance value A0.

[0053] ABTS + · Clearance rate / % = 1-[(A i -A j ) / A0]×100 (4) Determination of OH scavenging ability: Weigh 25.0, 50.0, 75.0, 100.0, 125.0, and 250.0 mg of SDE, FDE, BDE, and Vc, respectively, and add deionized water to make the volume to 25 mL to obtain solutions with concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, and 0.50 mg / mL. Take an appropriate amount of each solution and centrifuge it at 8000 rpm for 10 min. Take the supernatant for later use.

[0054] Take 0.8 mL of each test solution of different concentrations (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.50 mg / mL), add 2.0 mL of 2 mmol / L FeSO4 solution, 1.0 mL of 2 mmol / L salicylic acid solution, and 1.0 mL of 0.1% hydrogen peroxide solution, mix well, and place in a constant temperature water bath at 37°C for 1 h. Cool to room temperature and measure the absorbance value A at 510 nm with an ELISA reader. i Vc was used as the positive control, and an equal volume of 95% ethanol was used to replace salicylic acid solution as the sample control group. The measured absorbance Aj The sample and Vc solution were replaced with an equal volume of deionized water as a blank control, and the absorbance value A0 was measured. The determination was repeated three times.

[0055] OH removal rate / % = 1-[(A i -A j ) / A0]×100 (II) Research on the formula / process of Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy (1) Determination of the drying method of Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract Fresh Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies were washed, sliced, dried and crushed, extracted in 95°C hot water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 (g / mL) for 2 h, filtered, and the residue was extracted in 95°C hot water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 (g / mL) for 2 h, filtered, and the combined filtrate was concentrated by rotary evaporator (55°C) to 1 / 4 of the original volume.

[0056] Spray drying (setting the inlet air temperature at 170°C, the feed flow rate at 1.5 L / h, and the atomizer speed at 18000 rmin), vacuum freeze drying (pre-freezing at -80°C for 12 h, setting the cold trap temperature at -49°C, the vacuum degree at about 0.37 mbar, and the time for 2 days) and forced air drying (setting the temperature at 50°C and drying to a moisture content of about 10%) were performed respectively to obtain different Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extracts.

[0057] (2) Determination of the formula of Ganoderma lucidum water extract and Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy The following ganoderma lucidum tablet candies of each formula are prepared according to the following method: (a) Fresh Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies were washed, sliced, dried and crushed, and then extracted in 95°C hot water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 (g / mL) for 2 h, filtered, and the residue was extracted in 95°C hot water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 (g / mL) for 2 h, filtered, and the combined filtrate was concentrated on a rotary evaporator (55°C) to 1 / 4 of the original volume, and spray-dried (inlet air temperature 170°C, feed flow rate 1.5 L / h, atomizer speed 18000 rmin) to obtain Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract.

[0058] (b) The ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract, filler, magnesium stearate (MgSt), cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CCNa), and polyvidone-K30 (PVP-K30) are mixed uniformly to obtain a ganoderma lucidum mixture.

[0059] (c) Pass the mixture through a 100 mesh sieve.

[0060] (d) The ganoderma mixture was evenly poured into the hopper of a single punch tablet press, and the tablet thickness was set to 0.5 cm. Tableting was performed to obtain a ganoderma tablet candy with a single tablet mass of 300 mg.

[0061] (2.1) Determination of the amount of Ganoderma lucidum water extract added: as shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1: Experimental formula of GLTC with different addition amounts of Ganoderma lucidum water extract (2.2) Determination of different proportions of fillers (xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose, maltodextrin): as shown in Table 2.

[0063] Table 2: Experimental formulations of GLTC with different proportions of fillers added (2.3) Determination of lubricant addition amount: as shown in Table 3.

[0064] Table 3: GLTC test formula with different lubricant addition amounts (2.4) Determination of the amount of disintegrant added: as shown in Table 4.

[0065] Table 4: GLTC test formulations with different disintegrant additions (III) Evaluation methods (1) Sensory evaluation of Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy A tasting panel of 20 food professionals conducted a comprehensive evaluation and scoring of the flavor and quality of the Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy. The sensory scoring table is shown in Table 5: Table 5: Sensory Rating Table for Lingzhi Tablet Candies (2) Disintegration time Take 6 pieces of GLTC and place them in the glass tubes of the disintegration instrument basket. Fix the basket in a 1 L beaker. Adjust the basket to the appropriate position according to the specific conditions of the experiment and control the temperature of the running water in the equipment at 37±1℃. The beaker contains 37±1℃ distilled water. Adjust the water level so that the screen is about 15mm away from the water surface in the beaker when the basket rises to the highest point. Turn on the disintegration instrument to observe the disintegration and record the disintegration time. The disintegration time within 15min is qualified.

[0066] (3) Results analysis (3.1) Effect of drying method on the composition and solubility of GLAE Table 6: Content and solubility of each component in SDE (spray drying), FDE (vacuum freeze drying) and BDE (blast drying) Ganoderma lucidum water extract SDE FDE BDE Moisture content / % <![CDATA[10.84±0.06 b ]]> <![CDATA[12.52±0.07 a ]]> <![CDATA[12.31±0.06 a ]]> Neutral polysaccharide content / % <![CDATA[24.92±0.46 a ]]> <![CDATA[23.98±0.79 a ]]> <![CDATA[21.00±0.16 b ]]> Protein content / % <![CDATA[25.35±0.53 a ]]> <![CDATA[26.93±0.27 a ]]> <![CDATA[14.52±0.68 b ]]> Free amino acid content / (mg / g) <![CDATA[49.62±0.86 b ]]> <![CDATA[113.98±0.07 a ]]> <![CDATA[28.73±0.11 c ]]> Solubility / % <![CDATA[96.04±0.10 a ]]> <![CDATA[83.30±1.29 b ]]> <![CDATA[72.48±0.11 c ]]> Note: ac in Table 6 indicates the significance level.

[0067] According to the results in Table 6, the relative content of polysaccharides in the three kinds of Ganoderma lucidum water extracts is SDE>FDE>BDE from large to small, and the relative content of proteins is FDE>SDE>BDE from large to small, but there is no significant difference in the polysaccharide content and protein content between SDE and FDE, that is, there is no significant difference in the relative polysaccharide content and protein content between the Ganoderma lucidum water extracts obtained by spray drying and freeze drying, indicating that vacuum freeze drying protects the structure of Ganoderma lucidum water extract to the greatest extent due to its low temperature and vacuum, while the spray drying process effectively retains the effective ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum water extract with its advantages of short time and low oxygen. The solubility of SDE is 96.04±0.10%, which is significantly higher than the solubility of FDE and BDE, while the solubility of BDE is the lowest, indicating that the forced air drying method will reduce the swelling ability and solubility of GLAE, because a long drying time at high temperature will cause thermal degradation of the material.

[0068] In vitro antioxidant activity analysis: DPPH scavenging rate of GLAE and Vc Figure 1 As shown in (a), within the sample concentration range of 0.2 to 2.0 mg / mL, the DPPH· scavenging ability of each sample increases with the increase of concentration. Within the concentration range of 0.2 to 2.0 mg / mL, SDE has a stronger scavenging ability for DPPH· than FDE and BDE. ABTS + ·Clearance ability results such as Figure 1 As shown in (b), as the concentration increased to 0.25 mg / mL, the ABTS+· scavenging abilities of SDE, FDE, and BDE (99.48%, 99.14%, and 98.90%, respectively) were close to that of Vc (100.10%), reaching a relatively high level of activity. + The scavenging ability of · tends to be stable, without significant enhancement. Figure 1 (c) shows that there is no significant difference in the scavenging ability of SDE and FDE for ·OH, and both are significantly higher than BDE. When the concentration reaches 10.0 mg / mL, the ·OH scavenging ability of SDE and FDE is similar to that of the positive control Vc, while the ·OH scavenging ability of BDE is still significantly lower than that of SDE and FDE, indicating that the forced air drying method reduces the ·OH scavenging ability of Ganoderma lucidum water extract. Based on the antioxidant activity, the content of each component and the solubility, spray drying was selected as the drying method.

[0069] (3.2) Determination of the formula of Lingzhi tablet candy (3.2.1) Determination of the amount of Lingzhi water extract added Figure 2(a) shows that with the increase of the amount of Ganoderma lucidum water extract added, the disintegration time of GLTC is significantly reduced. When the addition amount increases from 40% to 80%, the disintegration time is significantly reduced from 12.57min to 7.69min. When the addition amount is 80%, GLTC has the highest sensory score. The product has a pure Ganoderma lucidum fragrance, delicate taste, complete shape, tight cross section, and no spots. Therefore, the addition amount of 80% Ganoderma lucidum extract is the best addition amount within the test range.

[0070] (3.2.2) Determination of different proportions of fillers (xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose, maltodextrin) In the early experiments, xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin were selected as fillers for GLTC based on taste and texture, and then the optimal formula was determined by screening different proportions. Figure 2 As shown in (b), when the ratio of xylitol: microcrystalline cellulose: maltodextrin is 3:1:1, the disintegration time is the shortest, only 7.69 minutes, and the sensory score is the highest (86.83 points). In addition, when the proportion of maltodextrin increases, the disintegration time of GLTC increases. After analysis, it may be because maltodextrin has strong viscosity, and the surface layer is easy to form a water-proof layer after contacting water, blocking the entry of water, thereby prolonging the disintegration time of the compressed candy.

[0071] (3.2.3) The amount of lubricant added is determined by Figure 2 (c) shows that when the amount of magnesium stearate added is in the range of 0.5-2.5%, the disintegration time of GLTC increases with the increase in the amount of addition. This is because the high amount of magnesium stearate added makes the compressed candy more compact, the gap between molecules in the compressed candy is smaller, and the water penetration rate is slower, resulting in a slower disintegration time. In addition, most lubricants are extremely hydrophobic, especially magnesium stearate, which may lead to long-term disintegration. Based on the comprehensive sensory evaluation, it is determined that the optimal amount of magnesium stearate added is 1.0%.

[0072] (3.2.4) The amount of disintegrant added is determined by Figure 2 (d) shows that with the increase of CCNa addition, the disintegration time of GLTC first shortens and then increases. At 1.5% CCNa, gel may form between the raw materials inside the product, thus forming a barrier to prevent further penetration of the liquid. The sensory score first increases and then decreases, showing consistent evaluation results with the disintegration time. When the addition amount is 1.0%, the disintegration time of GLTC is the shortest and the sensory evaluation score is the highest. In summary, the optimal disintegrant addition amount of GLTC is 1.0%.

[0073] (3.3) Final parameter analysis of Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy According to the GLTC process research results, the optimal GLTC formula is determined to be 80wt% of Ganoderma lucidum water extract, 16wt% of filler, 1wt% of magnesium stearate, 1wt% of cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 2wt% of povidone-K30. The filler includes xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose, and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of 3:1:1. The parameters of the obtained Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy are shown in Table 7.

[0074] Table 7: Parameters of Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy The raw materials and equipment used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all commonly used raw materials and equipment in the art; the methods used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods in the art.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent transformation made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ganoderma lucidum tablet candy, characterized in that The following raw materials are included in the following mass percentages: Ganoderma lucidum water extract 70-80wt%, Filler 16-26wt%, Magnesium stearate 1-2wt%, Cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5-1wt%, Povidone-K30 balance; The filler comprises xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of 1-3:1-2:1-2.

2. The ganoderma lucidum tablet candy according to claim 1, characterized in that The following raw materials are included in the following mass percentages: Ganoderma lucidum water extract 75-80wt%, Filler 16-20wt%, Magnesium stearate 1-1.5wt%, Cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5-1wt%, Povidone-K30 balance; The filler comprises xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of 2.5-3:1-1.5:

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3. The ganoderma lucidum tablet candy according to claim 2, characterized in that The following raw materials are included in the following mass percentages: Ganoderma lucidum water extract 80wt%, Filler 16wt%, Magnesium stearate 1wt%, Cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1wt%, Povidone-K30 2wt%; The filler comprises xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose and maltodextrin in a mass ratio of 3:1:

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4. The ganoderma lucidum tablet candy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The ganoderma lucidum water extract is obtained by water extraction and then spray drying.

5. The ganoderma lucidum tablet candy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ganoderma lucidum water extract has a neutral polysaccharide content of 22-28wt%, a protein content of 22-28wt%, a free amino acid content of 45-55g / mg, and a solubility of ≥90%.

6. A method for making the Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that include: S1, extracting the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body with water, and then spray drying to obtain a ganoderma lucidum water extract; S2, mixing the Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract, the filler, magnesium stearate, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and povidone-K30 to obtain a mixture; S3, passing the mixture through a sieve; S4, tableting to obtain Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: S1 specifically comprises: washing, slicing, drying and crushing fresh Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies, extracting in hot water, filtering, repeatedly extracting the residue in hot water, filtering, combining the filtrate, concentrating, and spray-drying to obtain Ganoderma lucidum water extract.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1: the process conditions of the spray drying are: inlet air temperature 160-180°C, feed flow rate 1.3-1.7 L / h, atomizer speed 15000-20000 r / min.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1: The solid-liquid ratio of the first extraction is 1:25-35 g / mL; The solid-liquid ratio of the second extraction is 1:15-25 g / mL; The temperature of the hot water is 90-98°C, and the extraction time is 1-3h each time; The concentration temperature is 50-60° C., and the concentration is performed to 20-30% of the original volume.

10. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S3, the sieving is through a 50-150 mesh sieve; In S4, the tableting includes evenly pouring the mixture into a hopper of a single punch tablet press, setting the tablet thickness to 0.3-0.7 cm, and tableting to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum tablet candy; The mass of a single piece of the Ganoderma lucidum compressed candy is 250-350 mg.

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