Mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant components and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, and discloses a mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients, which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19-44 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 2.5-4 parts of soybean meal, 0-2 parts of rapeseed meal, 0.5-1 part of stone powder, 0.5 part of table salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 part of baking soda, 48-69 parts of coarse feed and 1 part of bacillus subtilis, the coarse feed comprises corn straw and alfalfa hay, and the ratio of the corn straw to the alfalfa hay is 1: 2 or 2: 1. According to the mutton sheep feed containing the antioxidant components and the preparation method of the mutton sheep feed, the coarse feed formed by combining the corn straw and the alfalfa hay and the activated bacillus subtilis are added, so that the feed has oxidation resistance, the quality of the feed is improved, the ingestion time of mutton sheep is shortened, the food consumption is increased, the growth of the mutton sheep is promoted, and the immunity of the mutton sheep is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of animal husbandry, and in particular to a mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant components and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Meat sheep are one of the most adaptable livestock to the external environment. They have a wide range of diets, are tolerant to roughage, and have strong resistance to adversity. Raising meat sheep requires little investment, has a fast turnover, stable benefits, and a high rate of return. In recent years, due to changes in the market demand for wool and mutton, the sheep industry has shifted from mainly raising wool to raising both wool and meat, and then to mainly raising meat sheep. Meat sheep production has developed rapidly.

[0003] With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for mutton is increasing, and with the rapid development of breeding industry, feed resources show a trend of relative scarcity. In recent years, with the rapid development of sheep breeding industry, various mutton feeds have also developed rapidly. At present, there are many varieties of mutton feeds in the market. However, in the prior art, mutton is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are very easy to oxidize during storage, causing changes in cell membrane structure and function, affecting the flavor and nutritional value of mutton. At the same time, due to the uneven quality of mutton feed raw materials, the overall daily ration nutritional level is not high, which greatly affects the daily weight gain and breeding economic benefits of mutton. Moreover, uneven mixing causes uneven feeding of raw materials, and the intake of nutrients is seriously unbalanced, resulting in nutritional imbalance of mutton, which cannot fully meet the growth needs of mutton. Therefore, mutton feed and its additives need to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients and a preparation method thereof. Roughage composed of corn stalks and alfalfa hay and activated Bacillus subtilis are added to make the feed have antioxidant properties, improve feed quality, shorten the feeding time of mutton sheep, increase the feed intake, thereby promoting the growth of mutton sheep and enhancing the immunity of mutton sheep.

[0005] The invention provides a mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19-44 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 2.5-4 parts of soybean meal, 0-2 parts of rapeseed meal, 0.5-1 part of stone powder, 0.5 part of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 part of baking soda, 48-69 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, wherein the roughage comprises corn stalks and alfalfa hay, and the ratio of the corn stalks to the alfalfa hay is 1:2 or 2:1.

[0006] Furthermore, the Bacillus subtilis ZM-16 was obtained by chemical mutagenesis and breeding, with a viable bacterial count of 11.5 lgCFU / g, and was inoculated in LB liquid culture medium to activate the strain; wherein the LB culture medium is 10 g / L tryptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, 10 g / L NaCl, pH 7.0, and sterilized at 121°C for 20 min.

[0007] Furthermore, its raw materials include 19 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 4 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of rapeseed meal, 1 part of stone powder, 0.5 parts of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 parts of baking soda, 69 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, among which the ratio of corn straw to alfalfa hay is 2:1, i.e. 46 parts of corn straw and 23 parts of alfalfa hay.

[0008] Furthermore, its raw materials include 28.5 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 4 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of rapeseed meal, 0.5 parts of stone powder, 0.5 parts of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 parts of baking soda, 60 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, wherein the ratio of corn straw to alfalfa hay is 2:1, that is, 40 parts of corn straw and 20 parts of alfalfa hay.

[0009] Furthermore, its raw materials include 44 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 2.5 parts of soybean meal, 0.5 parts of stone powder, 0.5 parts of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 parts of baking soda, 48 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, wherein the ratio of corn straw to alfalfa hay is 1:2, i.e., 16 parts of corn straw and 32 parts of alfalfa hay.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant components, based on the mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant components as described above, comprising:

[0011] S1. Prepare corn, bran, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, stone powder, salt, premix, baking soda, corn stalks, alfalfa hay, and Bacillus subtilis in different weights; filter and screen the corn, and crush it to 2 mm ± 0.5 mm to remove impurities; detoxify the rapeseed meal, including wet heat detoxification or fermentation detoxification; chop the corn stalks to 2-5 cm and then crush them; dry the alfalfa hay in the sun for 48-72 hours and cut it to 3-5 cm;

[0012] S2. Activation of Bacillus subtilis: inoculate Bacillus subtilis ZM-16 into 100 mL of LB liquid medium, culture at 37°C, 120 r / min for 24 h, draw 0.8 mL of live bacterial suspension, inoculate into 100 mL of LB liquid medium, and culture at 37°C, 120 r / min for 24 h;

[0013] S3, premixing stone powder, salt, premix, baking soda, part of corn and bran to form an initial mixture; mixing corn stalks and alfalfa hay in a set ratio to form roughage;

[0014] S4, putting corn, bran, soybean meal and rapeseed meal into a mixer and mixing for 10 to 15 minutes, adding the initial mixture and mixing for 5 minutes, and then adding the roughage and mixing for 10 minutes;

[0015] S5. When the mixing is nearly completed, evenly spray or pour the activated Bacillus subtilis into the mixer, and continue mixing for 1-2 minutes to obtain mutton feed containing antioxidant ingredients.

[0016] Furthermore, after step S5, the method further includes:

[0017] S6. The temperature of the pellet mill is set at 70-90°C, and the mixed mutton feed containing antioxidant ingredients is sent into the pellet mill for pelleting. The diameter of the pellet feed is 3-5 mm.

[0018] S7. The pelletized feed particles are cooled by a cooler to reduce the temperature to near room temperature and the moisture content to 12%-14%. The cooled pelletized feed is screened by a screening device to remove feed particles whose particle size is not within the set range and unformed powder.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention adds activated Bacillus subtilis to make the feed have antioxidant properties. The activated Bacillus subtilis can produce a variety of enzymes and small molecular substances, such as amylase, protease, etc. during metabolism. These enzymes can decompose macromolecular nutrients in the feed into small molecular sugars, amino acids, etc., so that the feed has a richer flavor and better palatability, increases the feed intake of mutton sheep, and shortens the feeding time of mutton sheep. At the same time, Bacillus subtilis produces substances with antibacterial effects, such as subtilisin and polymyxin, during the growth and reproduction process, thereby reducing the mildew and corruption of the feed and extending the shelf life of the feed.

[0021] 2. The roughage composed of corn stalks and alfalfa hay added in the present invention is rich in cellulose, which can stimulate the peristalsis of the rumen of mutton sheep, enable the mutton sheep to chew and digest food better, maintain the normal physiological function of the rumen, shorten the feeding time of mutton sheep, and increase the feed intake; corn stalks are used as roughage to achieve resource recycling and reduce environmental pollution; alfalfa hay is a natural feed raw material, and no chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other chemicals are used in the growth process, thereby reducing the pollution of the breeding industry to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients.

[0023] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] The invention provides a mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19-44 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 2.5-4 parts of soybean meal, 0-2 parts of rapeseed meal, 0.5-1 part of stone powder, 0.5 part of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 part of baking soda, 48-69 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, wherein the roughage comprises corn stalks and alfalfa hay, and the ratio of the corn stalks to the alfalfa hay is 1:2 or 2:1.

[0026] The Bacillus subtilis ZM-16 was selected by chemical mutagenesis, with a viable bacterial count of 11.5 lgCFU / g, and was inoculated in LB liquid culture medium to activate the strain; wherein the LB culture medium contained 10 g / L of tryptone, 5 g / L of yeast extract, 10 g / L of NaCl, a pH value of 7.0, and was sterilized at 121°C for 20 min.

[0027] During its growth and metabolism, Bacillus subtilis can produce a variety of enzymes with antioxidant effects, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), etc. SOD can convert superoxide anion free radicals into hydrogen peroxide, and CAT and GSH-Px can further decompose hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, thereby reducing the damage of free radicals to cells and tissues and playing an antioxidant role. Bacillus subtilis can also produce some non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as carotenoids, vitamin C and vitamin E. Carotenoids can play an antioxidant role by capturing singlet oxygen and scavenging free radicals, while vitamin C and vitamin E can directly react with free radicals and remove them, thereby protecting the nutrients in the feed and the body of mutton from oxidative damage.

[0028] After being activated, Bacillus subtilis is added to the feed, which can quickly colonize and reproduce in the intestines of mutton sheep, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, and maintain the balance of intestinal microecology. When the intestinal microecology is balanced, the integrity of the intestinal mucosa of mutton sheep is maintained, the immune function of the intestine is enhanced, and the occurrence of inflammatory response can be reduced. Inflammatory response is often accompanied by the production of a large number of free radicals, so Bacillus subtilis indirectly reduces the production of free radicals by regulating the balance of intestinal microecology and plays an antioxidant role. A good intestinal microecological environment is conducive to the digestion and absorption of nutrients by mutton sheep, so that mutton sheep can take in enough nutrients with antioxidant effects, such as trace elements such as selenium and zinc, and some antioxidant vitamins, etc. These nutrients can participate in the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes in the body of mutton sheep or directly play an antioxidant role, thereby enhancing the antioxidant capacity of the mutton sheep body.

[0029] In one embodiment, the raw materials of mutton feed specifically include 19 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 4 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of rapeseed meal, 1 part of stone powder, 0.5 parts of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 parts of baking soda, 69 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, wherein the ratio of corn stalks to alfalfa hay is 2:1, i.e., 46 parts of corn stalks and 23 parts of alfalfa hay.

[0030] In one embodiment, the raw materials of mutton feed specifically include 28.5 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 4 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of rapeseed meal, 0.5 parts of stone powder, 0.5 parts of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 parts of baking soda, 60 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, wherein the ratio of corn stalks to alfalfa hay is 2:1, that is, 40 parts of corn stalks and 20 parts of alfalfa hay.

[0031] In one embodiment, the raw materials of mutton feed specifically include 44 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 2.5 parts of soybean meal, 0.5 parts of stone powder, 0.5 parts of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 parts of baking soda, 48 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, wherein the ratio of corn stalks to alfalfa hay is 1:2, i.e., 16 parts of corn stalks and 32 parts of alfalfa hay.

[0032] Different proportions of roughage and different amounts of roughage have different effects on the feed intake, drinking frequency and drinking time of mutton sheep. Among them, when the ratio of corn straw to alfalfa hay in the roughage is 2:1 and the total amount accounts for 60%, the effect on feed intake is the lowest; when the ratio of corn straw to alfalfa hay in the roughage is 2:1 and the total amount accounts for 69%, the effect on drinking frequency and drinking time is the smallest; when the ratio of corn straw to alfalfa hay in the roughage is 1:2 and the total amount accounts for 48%, the feed intake is the highest, the feeding time is short, the feeding speed is high, and the feeding effect is good.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients, based on the mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients as described above, comprising:

[0034] S1. Prepare corn, bran, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, stone powder, salt, premix, baking soda, corn stalks, alfalfa hay, and Bacillus subtilis in various weight proportions; conduct quality inspection on raw materials such as corn, bran, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, stone powder, salt, premix, baking soda, etc. to ensure that they are free of mold, deterioration, odor, etc., and meet the quality standards for feed raw materials.

[0035] The corn is filtered and screened, and crushed to 2mm±0.5mm to remove impurities; the rapeseed meal is detoxified, including wet heat detoxification (100℃ steam treatment for 20 minutes) or fermentation detoxification (mixed with bran and fermented for 48 hours); the corn stalks are chopped to 2-5cm and then crushed, and the alfalfa hay is sun-dried for 48 to 72 hours and cut to 3-5cm.

[0036] S2. Activation of Bacillus subtilis: inoculate Bacillus subtilis ZM-16 into 100 mL of LB liquid culture medium, culture at 37°C, 120 r / min for 24 h, draw 0.8 mL of a live bacterial suspension, inoculate into 100 mL of LB liquid culture medium, culture at 37°C, 120 r / min for 24 h; LB culture medium: tryptone 10 g / L, yeast extract 5 g / L, NaCl 10 g / L, pH 7.0, sterilize at 121°C for 20 min.

[0037] S3. Premix stone powder, salt, premix, baking soda with part of corn and bran to form an initial mixture; ensure that small doses of raw materials can be evenly dispersed to avoid local concentrations that are too high or too low during subsequent mixing. Mix corn stalks and alfalfa hay in a set ratio (2:1 or 1:2) to form roughage.

[0038] S4. Put corn, bran, soybean meal and rapeseed meal into a mixer and mix for 10 to 15 minutes, add the initial mixture and mix for 5 minutes, then add the roughage and mix for 10 minutes. The specific steps can be adjusted according to the type and performance of the mixer to achieve a uniform mixing effect.

[0039] S5. When the mixing is nearly completed, evenly spray or pour the activated Bacillus subtilis into the mixer, and continue mixing for 1-2 minutes to allow the Bacillus subtilis to fully contact with other raw materials to obtain mutton feed containing antioxidant ingredients.

[0040] S6. The temperature of the pellet mill is set to 70-90°C, and the pressure is adjusted according to the characteristics of the raw materials and the hardness requirements of the pellets. The mixed mutton feed containing antioxidant ingredients is sent to the pellet mill for pelleting. The diameter of the pellet feed is 3-5 mm.

[0041] S7. The pelletized feed particles are cooled by a cooler to reduce the temperature to near room temperature and the moisture content to 12%-14%. The cooled pelletized feed is screened by a screening device to remove feed particles whose particle sizes are not within the set range and unformed powder, so that the size of the feed particles is uniform.

[0042] The invention adds activated Bacillus subtilis to make the feed have antioxidant properties. The activated Bacillus subtilis can produce a variety of enzymes and small molecular substances, such as amylase, protease, etc. in the metabolic process. These enzymes can decompose macromolecular nutrients in the feed into small molecular sugars, amino acids, etc., so that the feed has a richer flavor and better palatability, increases the feed intake of mutton sheep, and shortens the feeding time of mutton sheep. At the same time, the Bacillus subtilis produces substances with antibacterial effects, such as subtilisin and polymyxin, in the process of growth and reproduction, thereby reducing the mildew and corruption of the feed and extending the shelf life of the feed.

[0043] The roughage prepared by adding corn stalks and alfalfa hay in the present invention is rich in cellulose, can stimulate the peristalsis of the rumen of mutton sheep, enable the mutton sheep to chew and digest food better, maintain the normal physiological function of the rumen, shorten the feeding time of the mutton sheep, and increase the feed intake; the corn stalks are used as roughage to realize resource recycling and reduce environmental pollution; the alfalfa hay is a natural feed raw material, and no chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other chemicals are used in the growth process, thereby reducing the pollution of the breeding industry to the environment.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, device, article or method including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, device, article or method. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, device, article or method including the element.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19-44 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 2.5-4 parts of soybean meal, 0-2 parts of rapeseed meal, 0.5-1 part of stone powder, 0.5 part of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 part of baking soda, 48-69 parts of roughage and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, wherein the roughage comprises corn stalks and alfalfa hay, and the ratio of corn stalks to alfalfa hay is 1:2 or 2:

1.

2. The mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Bacillus subtilis ZM-16 was obtained by biochemical mutagenesis, with a viable bacterial count of 11.5 lgCFU / g, and was inoculated in LB liquid culture medium to activate the strain; wherein the LB culture medium contained 10 g / L tryptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, 10 g / L NaCl, a pH value of 7.0, and was sterilized at 121°C for 20 min.

3. The mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients according to claim 2, characterized in that: Its raw materials include 19 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 4 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of rapeseed meal, 1 part of stone powder, 0.5 parts of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 parts of baking soda, 69 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis. Among them, the ratio of corn straw to alfalfa hay is 2:1, that is, 46 parts of corn straw and 23 parts of alfalfa hay.

4. The mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients according to claim 2, characterized in that: Its raw materials include 28.5 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 4 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of rapeseed meal, 0.5 parts of stone powder, 0.5 parts of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 parts of baking soda, 60 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis. Among them, the ratio of corn straw to alfalfa hay is 2:1, that is, 40 parts of corn straw and 20 parts of alfalfa hay.

5. The mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients according to claim 2, characterized in that: The raw materials include 44 parts of corn, 2 parts of bran, 2.5 parts of soybean meal, 0.5 parts of stone powder, 0.5 parts of salt, 1 part of premix, 0.5 parts of baking soda, 48 parts of roughage, and 1 part of Bacillus subtilis. Among them, the ratio of corn straw to alfalfa hay is 1:2, that is, 16 parts of corn straw and 32 parts of alfalfa hay.

6. A method for preparing a mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients, characterized in that: The mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises: S1. Prepare corn, bran, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, stone powder, salt, premix, baking soda, corn stalks, alfalfa hay, and Bacillus subtilis in different weights; filter and screen the corn, and crush it to 2 mm ± 0.5 mm to remove impurities; detoxify the rapeseed meal, including wet heat detoxification or fermentation detoxification; chop the corn stalks to 2-5 cm and then crush them; dry the alfalfa hay in the sun for 48-72 hours and cut it to 3-5 cm; S2. Activation of Bacillus subtilis: inoculate Bacillus subtilis ZM-16 into 100 mL of LB liquid medium, culture at 37°C, 120 r / min for 24 h, draw 0.8 mL of live bacterial suspension, inoculate into 100 mL of LB liquid medium, and culture at 37°C, 120 r / min for 24 h; S3, premixing stone powder, salt, premix, baking soda, part of corn and bran to form an initial mixture; mixing corn stalks and alfalfa hay in a set ratio to form roughage; S4, putting corn, bran, soybean meal and rapeseed meal into a mixer and mixing for 10 to 15 minutes, adding the initial mixture and mixing for 5 minutes, and then adding the roughage and mixing for 10 minutes; S5. When the mixing is nearly completed, evenly spray or pour the activated Bacillus subtilis into the mixer, and continue mixing for 1-2 minutes to obtain mutton feed containing antioxidant ingredients.

7. The method for preparing mutton sheep feed containing antioxidant ingredients according to claim 6, characterized in that: After step S5, the method further includes: S6. The temperature of the pellet mill is set at 70-90°C, and the mixed mutton feed containing antioxidant ingredients is sent into the pellet mill for pelleting. The diameter of the pellet feed is 3-5 mm. S7. The pelletized feed particles are cooled by a cooler to reduce the temperature to near room temperature and the moisture content to 12%-14%. The cooled pelletized feed is screened by a screening device to remove feed particles whose particle size is not within the set range and unformed powder.

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