Pressure sore prevention pressure divider and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a pressure sore prevention pressure divider and a control method, the pressure sore prevention pressure divider comprises a pressure sore prevention air cushion divided into a plurality of sub-areas, and each sub-area is provided with an air bag capable of independently working to be inflated and deflated; each subarea is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a temperature adjusting unit, and the controller controls the air bags of the subareas to be inflated and deflated according to signals of the pressure sensors so as to change the contact portion of the pressure sore prevention air cushion and a patient. The controller controls work of the temperature adjusting unit according to signals of the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and circulation operation of heating and cooling is carried out on the subarea with large pressure to increase blood circulation. The pressure sensors and the temperature sensors are arranged to monitor the temperature of the corresponding part of each sub-area in real time, the local pressure and temperature of a patient are monitored, the part where pressure sores are likely to be generated is determined, the inflation and deflation conditions of the air bag at the part are adjusted in time, pressure distribution is changed, the pressure sores are prevented, and influences of individual differences are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical care equipment, and in particular relates to a pressure divider for preventing pressure sores and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pressure ulcers are ischemic injuries caused by long-term pressure on local tissues, which leads to blood circulation disorders. They are common in patients who are bedridden for a long time (such as those who have undergone surgery, are paralyzed, and are elderly patients). Pressure ulcers not only lead to complications such as infection and sepsis, but also prolong hospitalization and increase medical costs. Statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO) show that the incidence of pressure ulcers in intensive care units (ICUs) is as high as 20%-30%, which is one of the difficulties in clinical care.

[0003] At present, the clinical method mainly reduces the risk of pressure sores through manual care and pressure sore prevention equipment, such as CN201922108744.6-A nursing bed for preventing pressure sores, which has multiple independently working inflatable air bags on the bed board. The inflatable air bags are inflated and deflated to change the contact point between the mattress and the patient's body, thereby changing the stress point of the patient's body to prevent the occurrence of pressure sores. The aforementioned patent changes the contact point between the mattress and the patient by inflating and deflation to prevent pressure sores. This adjustment method is not accurate enough, and it is not known which specific parts are prone to pressure sores and timely adjustments are required; and the pressure distribution is changed by periodically alternating inflation and deflation of the inflatable air bags. The preset fixed cycle cannot adapt to individual differences (such as weight and body position). Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. The first object of the present invention is to provide a pressure divider for preventing pressure sores. The second object of the present invention is to provide a control method for the aforementioned pressure divider for preventing pressure sores.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned first purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a pressure divider for preventing pressure sores, including an anti-pressure sore air cushion that can be installed on a bed board, the anti-pressure sore air cushion is divided into a number of sub-areas, each sub-area has an air bag that can work independently to inflate and deflate, and each air bag is connected to the inflation and deflation device through an air pipe with a valve; each sub-area of ​​the anti-pressure sore air cushion is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a temperature adjustment unit, the signal output ends of the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are respectively connected to the pressure input end and the temperature input end of the controller, and the temperature output control end of the controller is connected to the enable end of the temperature adjustment unit; the controller controls the inflation and deflation of the air bag in the sub-area according to the signal of the pressure sensor to change the contact part between the anti-pressure sore air cushion and the patient; the controller controls the operation of the temperature adjustment unit according to the signals of the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and performs a cyclic operation of heating and cooling the sub-area with high pressure to increase blood circulation.

[0006] The above technical solution monitors the temperature of the corresponding part of each sub-area in real time by setting a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The airbag corresponding to the part with high pressure is deflated to release the pressure, and the airbag corresponding to the part with low pressure is inflated to change the contact part between the anti-pressure sore air cushion and the patient, thereby changing the force-bearing part of the patient's body to prevent the occurrence of pressure sores; at the same time, the sub-area with high pressure is heated and cooled in a cycle to increase blood circulation, which helps to improve local blood circulation and further reduce the occurrence of pressure sores. The present invention monitors the local pressure and temperature of the patient, determines the part that is prone to pressure sores, and timely adjusts the inflation and deflation of the airbag there to change the pressure distribution and prevent the occurrence of pressure sores, without being affected by individual differences.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each sub-area of ​​the anti-pressure sore air cushion is also provided with a blood oxygen sensor for detecting blood oxygen saturation. The signal output end of the blood oxygen sensor is connected to the blood oxygen input end of the controller. The controller controls the inflation and deflation of the air bag of the sub-area according to the signal of the blood oxygen sensor to change the contact part between the anti-pressure sore air cushion and the patient.

[0008] The above technical solution, by setting a blood oxygen sensor to monitor the blood saturation of the corresponding part of each sub-area in real time, deflates the airbag to release the pressure in the part with low blood oxygen saturation, and inflates the airbag in the part with high blood oxygen saturation, so as to change the contact point between the anti-pressure sore air cushion and the patient, and change the stress-bearing part of the patient's body to prevent the occurrence of pressure sores.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blood oxygen sensor is a blood oxygen sensor based on photoelectric characteristics and embedded on the surface of the airbag.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the blood oxygen sensor based on photoelectric characteristics can monitor the blood oxygen saturation without pulse, and can monitor the blood oxygen status of various parts of the patient's body corresponding to the sub-areas.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature sensor is a flexible temperature sensor embedded in the surface of the airbag; and / or the pressure sensor is a flexible pressure sensor embedded in the surface of the airbag; and / or the temperature adjustment unit is a semiconductor refrigeration and heating plate embedded in the surface of the airbag.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the airbag is usually made of soft material, and the temperature sensor, pressure sensor and temperature adjustment unit are all embedded in the surface of the airbag, which is not diaphragmatic and has high humidity.

[0013] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of sub-areas are distributed in a matrix.

[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a control method for a pressure divider for preventing pressure sores, comprising the following steps: detecting the force, blood oxygen and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-area; calculating an adjustment index according to the pressure, blood oxygen and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-area; using the adjustment index to control the inflation and deflation of the airbags in the sub-area to adjust the force-bearing parts; controlling the operation of the temperature adjustment unit according to the force and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-area to adjust the temperature of the sub-area.

[0015] The above technical solution calculates the regulation index according to the pressure, blood oxygen and temperature of the corresponding part of each sub-area, and controls the inflation and deflation of the airbag in the sub-area according to the regulation index, so that the regulation is more precise.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for calculating the regulation index according to the pressure, blood oxygen and temperature of the corresponding part of each sub-region is:

[0017]

[0018] Among them, I i (t) is the adjustment index of the ith sub-region at time t, ω1, ω2, ω3 are weight factors, P i (t) is the force on the ith sub-area at time t, P o is the force reference value, O i (t) is the blood oxygen saturation of the ith sub-region at time t, T i (t) is the temperature of the ith sub-region at time t, T o is the ambient temperature.

[0019] In the above technical solution, for each sub-area, the stress, blood oxygen saturation, and the difference between the temperature and the ambient temperature are multiplied by the corresponding weight factors and then summed to obtain the regulation index. The regulation indexes of each sub-area are independent of each other, do not interfere with each other, and can be adjusted separately.

[0020] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of adjusting the force-bearing part by controlling the inflation and deflation of the airbag in the sub-region by adjusting the index is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, P ic (t) is the adjusted pressure of the ith sub-region, and ki is the proportional coefficient of the pressure adjustment of the airbag in the ith sub-region.

[0023] In the above technical scheme, for the sub-area where the adjustment index is higher than the threshold, the pressure in the corresponding part is high, or the blood oxygen concentration is low, or the temperature is greatly different from the ambient temperature, and the corresponding airbag needs to be deflated to reduce the pressure; for the sub-area where the adjustment index is lower than the threshold, the pressure in the corresponding part is low, or the blood oxygen concentration is high, or the temperature is greatly different from the ambient temperature, then the corresponding airbag is inflated for support to change the contact point between the anti-pressure sore air cushion and the patient, thereby changing the force-bearing part of the patient's body to prevent the occurrence of pressure sores.

[0024] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature regulating unit is controlled to work according to the force and temperature of the corresponding part of each sub-region, and the method for regulating the temperature of the sub-region is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, T b is the body's basal temperature, T i (t) is the temperature of the ith sub-region at time t, T i (t+Δt) is the temperature of the ith sub-area at time t+Δt, Δt is the calculation time interval, k1 is the weight factor of force on temperature, k2 is the temperature regulation feedback coefficient, T t is the target adjustment temperature fluctuation range, and P is the adjustment period.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the temperature T of the i-th sub-area at time t+Δt is i (t+Δt) is the adjusted temperature. When adjusting the temperature, not only T b The basic temperature of the human body, the pressure after adjustment of the sub-area, and the temperature of the sub-area at time t are also considered. The target adjustment temperature fluctuation range and the adjustment cycle are also considered, so that the temperature of the sub-area at time t+Δt is more accurate.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure divider for preventing pressure sores in an embodiment.

[0031] Figure 2 1 is another structural schematic diagram of the pressure divider for preventing pressure sores in an embodiment.

[0032] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: anti-pressure sore air cushion 1, sub-area 2, air bag 3, pressure sensor 4, temperature sensor 5, temperature adjustment unit 6, blood oxygen sensor 7, air permeability 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “vertical”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] This embodiment provides a pressure divider for preventing pressure sores, such as Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the pressure divider for preventing pressure sores includes an anti-pressure sore air cushion 1 that can be installed on a bed board, and the anti-pressure sore air cushion 1 is divided into a plurality of sub-areas 2, and the plurality of sub-areas 2 are distributed in a matrix. Each sub-area 2 has an air bag 3 that can work independently to inflate and deflate, and each air bag 3 is connected to an air inflation and deflation device (not shown in the figure) through an air pipe provided with a valve. Among them, the air inflation and deflation device can be installed at the bottom or side of the bed, the surface of the bed board has a groove or the bed board has a gap arranged through its thickness direction, the interface connecting the air bag 3 and the air pipe is arranged at its bottom and facing the groove or the gap, and the air pipe is laid in the groove or laid at the bottom of the bed board through the gap.

[0038] Each sub-area 2 of the anti-pressure sore air cushion 1 is provided with a pressure sensor 4, a temperature sensor 5 and a temperature adjustment unit 6. The signal output ends of the pressure sensor 4 and the temperature sensor 5 are respectively connected to the pressure input end and the temperature input end of the controller (not shown in the figure, which can be placed at the head of the bed and connected to an operation display screen), and the temperature output control end of the controller is connected to the enable end of the temperature adjustment unit 6. Preferably, the pressure sensor 4 is a flexible pressure sensor 4 embedded in the surface of the airbag 3, such as disclosed in CN201610606324.9 or CN202321770349.4; the temperature sensor 5 is a flexible temperature sensor 5 embedded in the surface of the airbag 3, such as disclosed in CN201610606336.1, CN202110442943.X, CN201910107784.0, CN201910125422.4, or CN202110378973.9; the temperature adjustment unit 6 is a semiconductor cooling and heating sheet embedded in the surface of the airbag 3, such as a flexible semiconductor for cooling and heating disclosed in CN201010618288.0.

[0039] The controller controls the inflation and deflation of the airbag 3 in the sub-area 2 according to the signal of the pressure sensor 4. The airbag 3 in the part with high pressure is deflated to release the pressure, and the airbag 3 in the part with low pressure is inflated to change the contact part between the anti-pressure sore air cushion 1 and the patient, thereby changing the force-bearing part of the patient's body, and further preventing the occurrence of pressure sores.

[0040] The controller controls the operation of the temperature adjustment unit 6 according to the signals from the pressure sensor 4 and the temperature sensor 5, and performs a cyclic operation of heating (for example, heating to between 38 and 40 degrees Celsius) and cooling (for example, cooling to between 24 and 28 degrees Celsius) the sub-area 2 with high pressure, thereby increasing blood circulation, helping to improve local blood circulation, and reducing the occurrence of pressure sores.

[0041] In another preferred embodiment, each sub-area 2 of the anti-pressure sore air cushion 1 is also provided with a blood oxygen sensor 7 for detecting blood oxygen saturation. The signal output end of the blood oxygen sensor 7 is connected to the blood oxygen input end of the controller. The controller controls the inflation and deflation of the airbag 3 of the sub-area 2 according to the signal of the blood oxygen sensor 7. The airbag 3 at the part with low blood oxygen saturation is deflated to release pressure, and the airbag 3 at the part with high blood oxygen saturation is inflated to change the contact part between the anti-pressure sore air cushion 1 and the patient, and change the force-bearing part of the patient's body to prevent the occurrence of pressure sores. Among them, the blood oxygen sensor 7 is a blood oxygen sensor 7 based on photoelectric characteristics embedded in the surface of the airbag 3, such as a blood oxygen sensor 7 using photoelectric capacitance, or a blood oxygen sensor 7 using infrared spectroscopy, such as disclosed in CN202120499931.6 or CN201710106697.4.

[0042] It should be noted that a sensor integrated with temperature and blood oxygen saturation detection may also be provided, such as the flexible blood oxygen temperature sensor 5 disclosed in CN202110648076.5, which can detect temperature and blood oxygen saturation at the same time.

[0043] In the present invention, the airbags 3 are not arranged closely together, but there is a small gap between the airbags 3, so that air can circulate better, avoid excessive humidity in certain parts, and reduce the occurrence of pressure sores. Figure 2 As shown, preferably, ventilation holes 8 are provided at the intervals between the airbags 3 to improve the air permeability and further avoid the occurrence of pressure sores.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] This embodiment provides a control method for a pressure divider for preventing pressure sores based on the first embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0046] The pressure sensor 4, the blood oxygen sensor 7 and the temperature sensor 5 are used to detect the force, blood oxygen and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-area 2 respectively;

[0047] Calculate the regulation index based on the pressure, blood oxygen and temperature of the corresponding part of each sub-area 2;

[0048] The airbag 3 in the sub-area 2 is controlled to inflate and deflate by using the adjustment index to adjust the force-bearing part;

[0049] The temperature regulating unit 6 is controlled to work according to the force and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-area 2 to regulate the temperature of the sub-area 2.

[0050] Specifically, in the present invention, the method for calculating the regulation index according to the pressure, blood oxygen and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-region is:

[0051]

[0052] Among them, I i (t) is the adjustment index (dimensionless) of the ith sub-region at time t; ω1, ω2, ω3 are weight factors (dimensionless), such as 0.4, 0.4 and 0.2 respectively; P i (t) is the force on the ith sub-area at time t (in Pa); P o is the force reference value (in Pa), determined by experiment; i (t) is the blood oxygen saturation of the ith sub-region at time t (dimensionless); T i (t) is the temperature of the ith sub-region at time t (in °C); T o is the ambient temperature (in °C).

[0053] In the present invention, the method of adjusting the force-bearing part by controlling the inflation and deflation of the airbag in the sub-area by adjusting the adjustment index is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, P ic (t) is the adjusted pressure of the ith sub-region (in Pa), k i is the proportional coefficient of the pressure adjustment of the airbag in the ith sub-region (in Pa), and the adjustment index threshold is determined experimentally. For the sub-regions where the adjustment index is higher than the threshold, the corresponding parts have high pressure, or low blood oxygen concentration, or a large difference between the temperature and the ambient temperature, and the corresponding airbags need to be deflated to relieve the pressure; for the sub-regions where the adjustment index is lower than the threshold, the corresponding parts have low pressure, or high blood oxygen concentration, or a small difference between the temperature and the ambient temperature, and the corresponding airbags are inflated for support to change the contact part between the anti-pressure sore air cushion and the patient, thereby changing the force-bearing part of the patient's body to prevent the occurrence of pressure sores.

[0056] In the present invention, the temperature regulating unit is controlled to work according to the force and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-region, and the method for regulating the temperature of the sub-region is:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, T b is the human body's basal temperature (in °C), for example, T b The value is 37 degrees Celsius; T i (t) is the temperature of the ith sub-region at time t (in °C); T i (t+Δt) is the temperature of the ith sub-area at time t+Δt (in °C); Δt is the time interval for calculation; k1 is the weight factor of force on temperature (in °C / Pa), k2 is the temperature regulation feedback coefficient (dimensionless), k1 and k2 are determined empirically (e.g.

[0059]

[0060] T t Adjust the temperature fluctuation range (in °C) for the target, for example, T t The value is 2 degrees Celsius or 4 degrees Celsius; P is the adjustment period, for example 20 minutes.

[0061] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "preferred embodiment", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pressure divider for preventing pressure sores, characterized in that: The anti-pressure sore air cushion can be installed on a bed board, the anti-pressure sore air cushion is divided into a plurality of sub-areas, each of which has an air bag that can work independently to inflate and deflate, and each air bag is connected to an inflation and deflation device through an air pipe provided with a valve; Each sub-area of ​​the anti-pressure sore air cushion is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a temperature adjustment unit, the signal output ends of the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are respectively connected to the pressure input end and the temperature input end of the controller, and the temperature output control end of the controller is connected to the enable end of the temperature adjustment unit; The controller controls the inflation and deflation of the airbags in the sub-areas according to the signal of the pressure sensor, so as to change the contact position between the anti-pressure sore air cushion and the patient; The controller controls the operation of the temperature regulating unit according to the signals of the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and performs a cyclic operation of heating and cooling the sub-area with high pressure to increase blood circulation.

2. The pressure divider for preventing pressure sores according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each sub-area of ​​the anti-pressure sore air cushion is also provided with a blood oxygen sensor for detecting blood oxygen saturation. The signal output end of the blood oxygen sensor is connected to the blood oxygen input end of the controller. The controller controls the inflation and deflation of the air bag of the sub-area according to the signal of the blood oxygen sensor to change the contact position between the anti-pressure sore air cushion and the patient.

3. The pressure divider for preventing pressure sores according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blood oxygen sensor is a blood oxygen sensor based on photoelectric characteristics and embedded on the surface of the airbag.

4. The pressure divider for preventing pressure sores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor is a flexible temperature sensor embedded in the surface of the airbag; And / or the pressure sensor is a flexible pressure sensor embedded in the surface of the airbag; And / or the temperature adjustment unit is a semiconductor refrigeration and heating sheet embedded in the surface of the airbag.

5. The pressure divider for preventing pressure sores according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The plurality of sub-areas are distributed in a matrix.

6. A control method for the pressure divider for preventing pressure sores according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Detect the force, blood oxygen and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-area; The regulation index is calculated based on the pressure, blood oxygen and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-area; The adjustment index is used to control the inflation and deflation of the airbags in the sub-areas to adjust the stress-bearing parts; The temperature regulating unit is controlled to work according to the stress and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-area, so as to regulate the temperature of the sub-area.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for calculating the regulation index based on the pressure, blood oxygen and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-area is: Among them, I i (t) is the adjustment index of the ith sub-region at time t, ω1, ω2, ω3 are weight factors, P i (t) is the force on the ith sub-area at time t, P o is the force reference value, O i (t) is the blood oxygen saturation of the ith sub-region at time t, T i (t) is the temperature of the ith sub-region at time t, T o is the ambient temperature.

8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method of adjusting the force-bearing part by controlling the inflation and deflation of the airbag in the sub-area using the adjustment index is as follows: Among them, P ic (t) is the adjusted pressure of the ith sub-area, k i is the proportional coefficient of the pressure adjustment of the airbag in the i-th sub-area.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature regulating unit works according to the force and temperature of the corresponding parts of each sub-area. The method for regulating the temperature of the sub-area is as follows: Among them, T b is the body's basal temperature, T i (t) is the temperature of the ith sub-region at time t, T i (t+Δt) is the temperature of the ith sub-area at time t+Δt, Δt is the calculation time interval, k1 is the weight factor of force on temperature, k2 is the temperature regulation feedback coefficient, T t is the target adjustment temperature fluctuation range, and P is the adjustment period.

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