A distortion prevention device for steel alloy plate surfacing and method of use thereof

Abstract

A kind of anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing and its use method, the device includes pressing plate, tool base plate, several locking bolts, several locking nuts, the pressing plate, tool base plate are all provided with several waist-shaped holes, the locking bolt is sequentially passed through the waist-shaped hole on pressing plate, waist-shaped hole on tool base plate and is fixedly connected with locking nut;The use method is: first, four pressing plates are respectively attached with the four around steel alloy flat plate, and the relative position is adjusted, then the locking bolt is sequentially passed through the waist-shaped hole on pressing plate, waist-shaped hole on tool base plate and is fixedly connected with locking nut, then the upper surface of steel alloy flat plate is surfacing, after surfacing, steel alloy surfacing flat plate is annealed with anti-deformation device together and is stress-relieved, then the anti-deformation device is disassembled, and the steel alloy surfacing flat plate finished product is obtained.Therefore, the anti-deformation effect of the design is uniform, and local deformation does not occur due to heat concentration, and the anti-deformation effect is better.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a deformation prevention device and its use method, belonging to the field of alloy material processing, in particular to a deformation prevention device for steel alloy plate surfacing and its use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Surfacing on the steel alloy plate as the base material can deposit one or more layers of metal on its surface, so that the steel alloy plate surfacing product has high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, etc. The steel alloy plate surfacing product is mainly used to make wear-resistant lining plate, corrosion-resistant container, high-temperature components and corrosion-resistant structural parts, etc., and has a wide application in the fields of mining machinery, chemical equipment, power industry, ocean engineering, engineering machinery, etc. However, in the current plate surfacing process, the steel alloy plate usually needs to be fixed on the tooling bottom plate through continuous welding around, and then it is detached after the surfacing is completed. Because the welding height of the fixing weld is small, and the welding stress generated during the surfacing process is large, it is easy to cause the fixing weld to crack, which needs to be re-welded, thereby causing the deformation of the steel alloy plate. In addition, during the detachment process, if the carbon arc gouging is used to remove the fixing weld, the alloy steel plate is easy to be cut, which reduces the material utilization rate. If the manual polishing method is used, the efficiency is low. Therefore, a new device needs to be designed to effectively prevent the deformation of the steel alloy plate during the surfacing process.

[0003] The patent application No. 202010092476.8, application date February 14, 2020, discloses a tube plate surfacing machine and its deformation prevention device, and a surfacing method. The deformation prevention device includes a tray, a support and multiple sets of latches. The tray includes a bottom plate and a side plate. The bottom plate and the side plate form a cooling tank with an upper opening for placing cooling water. The support is detachably clamped in the cooling tank for supporting and fixing the tube plate to be surfaced. Multiple sets of insertion holes are arranged on the support, and multiple insertion holes of each set are distributed on the same circumference. Each insertion hole is vertically arranged and penetrates the upper surface of the support. The lower part of the tube plate can be in the cooling water, so that the surfacing of the tube plate is carried out in the cooling water to avoid deformation of the tube plate during the surfacing process. Although this patent has a certain deformation prevention effect, it still has the following defects:

[0004] The cooling effect of this design is not uniform, which causes the deformation of the local area due to the concentration of heat, thereby reducing the deformation prevention effect.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to increase an understanding of the general background of the patent application and should not be construed as recognizing or admitting that this information constitutes prior art that would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the uneven cooling effect in the prior art, which leads to local deformation due to heat concentration, thereby reducing the anti-deformation effect, and to provide an anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing and its use method, which has uniform anti-deformation effect, does not deform locally due to heat concentration, and has better anti-deformation effect.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present application is: an anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing and its use method, the anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing comprises a pressing plate, a tool base plate, a plurality of locking bolts, and a plurality of locking nuts.

[0008] The pressing plate comprises two longitudinal pressing plates and two transverse pressing plates; the longitudinal pressing plates and the transverse pressing plates are uniform in width and thickness, one side of the longitudinal pressing plates and the transverse pressing plates along the long side direction is a first inclined surface, the angle between the first inclined surface and the horizontal plane is 35°-40°, a plurality of through first waist-shaped holes are distributed at equal intervals in the middle of the longitudinal pressing plates, and a plurality of through second waist-shaped holes are distributed at equal intervals in the middle of the transverse pressing plates; the size and shape of the first waist-shaped holes and the second waist-shaped holes are consistent.

[0009] The middle of the tool base plate is provided with a boss, the periphery of the boss is provided with a groove, a plurality of through longitudinal waist-shaped holes and a plurality of through transverse waist-shaped holes are formed in the middle of the groove, the periphery of the groove is provided with a narrow strip, and the height of the narrow strip is 4-5 mm lower than the height of the boss.

[0010] The width of the groove is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the width of the longitudinal pressing plate or the transverse pressing plate and less than the maximum value of the width of the longitudinal pressing plate or the transverse pressing plate, and the sum of the thickness of the longitudinal pressing plate or the transverse pressing plate and the height of the narrow strip is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate and the height of the boss; the steel alloy flat plate comprises a surfacing side and a surfacing opposite side, four second inclined surfaces are formed between the surfacing side and the surfacing opposite side, the angle between the second inclined surfaces and the horizontal plane is the same as the angle of the first inclined surface; the second inclined surfaces are in contact with the first inclined surfaces of the longitudinal pressing plates and the transverse pressing plates, respectively, the surfacing opposite side is in contact with the boss, and the longitudinal pressing plates and the transverse pressing plates are in contact with the narrow strips, respectively; the longitudinal waist-shaped holes correspond to the first waist-shaped holes one by one, and the transverse waist-shaped holes correspond to the second waist-shaped holes one by one; the locking bolts are fixedly connected with the locking nuts after passing through the first waist-shaped holes and the longitudinal waist-shaped holes in sequence, and the locking bolts are fixedly connected with the locking nuts after passing through the second waist-shaped holes and the transverse waist-shaped holes in sequence.

[0011] The surfacing opposite side is parallel to the surfacing side, and the one-side dimension of each side of the surfacing opposite side is 20-25 mm larger than that of the surfacing side.

[0012] The long axis of the first waist-shaped hole is parallel to the short side of the longitudinal pressing plate, and the long axis of the second waist-shaped hole is parallel to the short side of the transverse pressing plate.

[0013] The boss comprises two transverse edges and two longitudinal edges;

[0014] The length of the longitudinal edge is consistent with the length of the longitudinal pressing plate;

[0015] The length of the transverse edge is consistent with the length of the transverse pressing plate.

[0016] The boss comprises two transverse grooves and two longitudinal grooves;

[0017] The two transverse grooves and the two longitudinal grooves are respectively located outside the two transverse edges and the two longitudinal edges of the boss;

[0018] The length of the transverse groove is consistent with the length of the transverse pressing plate, and the length of the longitudinal groove is consistent with the length of the longitudinal pressing plate;

[0019] The width of the transverse groove is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the width of the transverse pressing plate and less than the maximum value of the width of the transverse pressing plate; and the width of the longitudinal groove is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the width of the longitudinal pressing plate and less than the maximum value of the width of the longitudinal pressing plate.

[0020] The narrow strip comprises two transverse narrow strips and two longitudinal narrow strips;

[0021] The two transverse narrow strips and the two longitudinal narrow strips are respectively located outside the two transverse grooves and the two longitudinal grooves;

[0022] The length of the transverse narrow strip is consistent with the length of the transverse groove, and the length of the longitudinal narrow strip is consistent with the length of the longitudinal groove;

[0023] The sum of the thickness of the longitudinal pressing plate and the height of the longitudinal narrow strip is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate and the height of the boss; and the sum of the thickness of the transverse pressing plate and the height of the transverse narrow strip is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate and the height of the boss.

[0024] The use method comprises the following steps:

[0025] First step: before the surfacing operation, a second bevel is machined around the steel alloy flat plate to obtain the steel alloy flat plate;

[0026] Second step: the steel alloy flat plate is first placed on the boss, and then the two longitudinal pressing plates and the two transverse pressing plates are respectively placed around the steel alloy flat plate, and the relative positions are adjusted until the first bevel and the second bevel are completely fitted and the first waist-shaped hole and the second waist-shaped hole are respectively one-to-one corresponding with the longitudinal waist-shaped hole and the transverse waist-shaped hole, and the adjustment is stopped;

[0027] Third step: first, the locking bolt is respectively sequentially inserted into the first waist-shaped hole and the longitudinal waist-shaped hole, and the second waist-shaped hole and the transverse waist-shaped hole, then the locking nut and the locking bolt are pre-tightened, and then all the locking nuts and the corresponding locking bolts are tightened;

[0028] Fourth step: first, remove the impurities in the surfacing side and the area around the surfacing side within 20-30mm, and clean the surfacing side;

[0029] Fifth step: using argon arc welding to surfacing the surfacing side, forming a surfacing layer on the upper surface of the surfacing side, after surfacing, the steel alloy surfacing flat plate is obtained;

[0030] Sixth step: first, the steel alloy surfacing flat plate and the anti-deformation device are annealed to remove stress, then the anti-deformation device is disassembled, and the finished steel alloy surfacing flat plate is obtained.

[0031] In the second step, the complete fit of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface means that a 0.1mm plug gauge is inserted between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface. When the 0.1mm plug gauge cannot be inserted into the gap between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface, the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are completely fitted. When the 0.1mm plug gauge is inserted into the gap between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface, the relative position of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface is adjusted until the 0.1mm plug gauge cannot be inserted into the gap between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

[0032] In the third step, the pre-tightening of the locking nut and the locking bolt, and then the tightening of all the locking nuts and the corresponding locking bolts means that each locking nut and the locking bolt are pre-tightened, and then the steel alloy flat plate is confirmed to be located in the middle of the boss, and then the locking nut and the corresponding locking bolt are completely tightened.

[0033] In the fifth step, the surfacing of the surfacing side by argon arc welding means that under the conditions of argon purity of 99.99%, welding wire brand of SCu6328, diameter of 2mm, and direct current positive connection of current polarity, the surfacing side is surfaced by push welding method.

[0034] When the first layer of the surfacing side is welded, the welding current of 240-260A, the voltage of 20-24V, the welding speed of 10-15cm / min, and the gas flow of 30-40L / min are used.

[0035] When the second layer and above of the surfacing side are welded, the welding current of 260-280A, the voltage of 20-24V, the welding speed of 10-15cm / min, and the gas flow of 30-40L / min are used.

[0036] During the surfacing process, the overlap amount of the next weld and the previous weld is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the weld width, and the interpass temperature is controlled at 120-150℃.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. A deformation prevention device for surfacing welding of a steel alloy flat plate and a method for using the same, wherein the second inclined surface is in contact with the first inclined surfaces of the longitudinal pressing plate and the transverse pressing plate respectively, the opposite side of the surfacing is in contact with the boss, the longitudinal pressing plate and the transverse pressing plate are in contact with the narrow strip respectively, the longitudinal waist-shaped hole corresponds to the first waist-shaped hole one-to-one, and the transverse waist-shaped hole corresponds to the second waist-shaped hole one-to-one; when used, the opposite side of the surfacing welding of the steel alloy flat plate is placed on the upper surface of the boss, and then the two longitudinal pressing plates and the two transverse pressing plates are respectively placed around the steel alloy flat plate, and the relative positions of the longitudinal pressing plate, the transverse pressing plate and the steel alloy flat plate are adjusted so that the second inclined surface of the steel alloy flat plate is in contact with the longitudinal pressing plate and the transverse pressing plate respectively The first inclined surface of the steel alloy plate is tightly fitted, and the longitudinal waist-shaped hole is aligned with the position of the first waist-shaped hole, and the transverse waist-shaped hole is aligned with the position of the second waist-shaped hole. Then, a locking bolt is passed through the longitudinal waist-shaped hole and the first waist-shaped hole, and the transverse waist-shaped hole and the second waist-shaped hole in sequence, and then fixed with the locking bolt to fix the steel alloy plate well. Since the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface have the same angle, the two inclined surfaces can be tightly fitted and fixed. At the same time, a pressure plate with the same structure is used to fix the four sides of the steel alloy plate, so that the force on the steel alloy plate is uniform. During the surfacing process, the stress on the steel alloy plate can be evenly dispersed to the entire anti-deformation device structure, avoiding local deformation. Therefore, the present invention can not only prevent the deformation of the steel alloy plate during the surfacing process, but also avoid local deformation and have a better anti-deformation effect.

[0039] 2. An anti-deformation device for surfacing welding of steel alloy flat plates and its use method, wherein a locking bolt is sequentially passed through a first waist-shaped hole and a longitudinal waist-shaped hole and then fixedly connected with a locking nut, and the locking bolt is sequentially passed through a second waist-shaped hole and a transverse waist-shaped hole and then fixedly connected with a locking nut; in use, before surfacing welding, the locking bolt is sequentially passed through the waist-shaped hole on the pressure plate and the waist-shaped hole on the tooling base plate and then locked with the locking nut, which can effectively fix the steel alloy flat plate and prevent movement during surfacing welding. After surfacing welding is completed, the finished product can be removed by simply loosening the locking bolt, nut, and pressure plate. Compared with the existing technology that requires removing the fixed weld, this is more convenient, and the removal process does not damage the finished product, thereby improving material utilization and work efficiency. Therefore, the present invention not only has a better anti-deformation effect, but also improves material utilization and work efficiency.

[0040] 3. The anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing and its use method, the long axis of the first waist-shaped hole is parallel to the short side of the longitudinal pressing plate, and the long axis of the second waist-shaped hole is parallel to the short side of the transverse pressing plate; in use, the long axes of the first waist-shaped hole and the second waist-shaped hole have a certain adjustment range, which can more conveniently adjust the relative positions of the longitudinal pressing plate, the transverse pressing plate and the steel alloy flat plate, especially when the size of the steel alloy flat plate is greater than or smaller than the size of the boss, flexible adjustment can be realized through the transversely distributed first waist-shaped hole and the second waist-shaped hole, and the device is suitable for fixing steel alloy flat plates of different sizes. Therefore, the device not only improves material utilization and work efficiency, but also improves the versatility of the device.

[0041] 4. The anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing and its use method, the push welding method is used for surfacing the surfacing side, when the first layer of welding is performed on the surfacing side, a welding current of 240-260 A, a voltage of 20-24 V, a welding speed of 10-15 cm / min and a gas flow of 30-40 L / min are used, when the second layer and above of welding is performed on the surfacing side, a welding current of 260-280 A is used, and the rest remains unchanged, the overlap amount of the next weld and the previous weld is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the weld width, and the interpass temperature is controlled at 120-150℃; in use, the lower welding current (such as 240-260 A of the first layer) and the moderate voltage (20-24 V) can reduce heat input, avoid the generation of large thermal stress of the steel alloy flat plate due to overheating, thereby reducing the risk of deformation, the moderate welding speed (10-15 cm / min) can control the welding heat input, avoid the accumulation of heat in the local area, prevent the deformation of the steel alloy flat plate due to local overheating, the larger gas flow (30-40 L / min) can provide sufficient protection, avoid welding defects, the appropriate weld overlap (1 / 3-1 / 2 of the weld width) can ensure the uniformity of the surfacing layer, avoid the presence of un-melted or over-melted areas, thereby reducing welding stress concentration and preventing the deformation of the steel alloy flat plate, and the control of the interpass temperature at 120-150℃ can prevent the overheating of the steel alloy flat plate, reduce thermal stress concentration and prevent deformation. Therefore, the device not only can prevent deformation, but also can form a uniform surfacing layer and has good surfacing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 is the assembly schematic diagram of the steel alloy flat plate and the anti-deformation device in the present application.

[0043] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the steel alloy flat plate surfacing in the prior art.

[0044] Figure 3 is the top view of the tooling bottom plate in the present application.

[0045] Figure 4is the front view of the tool base plate in the application.

[0046] Figure 5 is the top view of the longitudinal pressing plate in the application.

[0047] Figure 6 is the front view of the longitudinal pressing plate in the application.

[0048] Figure 7 is the top view of the transverse pressing plate in the application.

[0049] Figure 8 is the front view of the transverse pressing plate in the application.

[0050] In the figure: pressing plate 1, longitudinal pressing plate 11, first waist-shaped hole 111, first inclined surface 112, first long side 113, first short side 114, transverse pressing plate 12, second waist-shaped hole 121, second long side 123, second short side 124, tool base plate 2, boss 21, transverse side 211, longitudinal side 212, recess 22, transverse recess 221, longitudinal recess 222, longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225, transverse waist-shaped hole 226, narrow strip 23, transverse narrow strip 231, longitudinal narrow strip 232, locking bolt 3, locking nut 4, steel alloy flat plate 5, surfacing side 51, opposite surfacing side 52, second inclined surface 53, steel alloy surfacing flat plate 6, surfacing layer 61, fixed weld 62. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The application will be further described in detail in combination with the description and specific embodiments of the drawings.

[0052] Referring to Figure 1 — Figure 8 A deformation-preventing device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing and a method for using the same, the deformation-preventing device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing comprises a pressing plate 1, a tool base plate 2, a plurality of locking bolts 3, and a plurality of locking nuts 4.

[0053] The pressing plate 1 comprises two longitudinal pressing plates 11 and two transverse pressing plates 12; the longitudinal pressing plates 11 and the transverse pressing plates 12 are consistent in width and thickness, one side of the longitudinal pressing plates 11 and the transverse pressing plates 12 along the long side direction is a first inclined surface 112, the angle between the first inclined surface 112 and the horizontal plane is 35°-40°, a plurality of first waist-shaped holes 111 are distributed at equal intervals in the middle of the longitudinal pressing plates 11, and a plurality of second waist-shaped holes 121 are distributed at equal intervals in the middle of the transverse pressing plates 12; the first waist-shaped holes 111 and the second waist-shaped holes 121 are consistent in size and shape.

[0054] The middle part of the tool base plate 2 is provided with a boss 21, the boss 21 is provided with a groove 22 around, the groove 22 is provided with a plurality of through longitudinal waist-shaped holes 225 and a plurality of through transverse waist-shaped holes 226 in the middle part, the groove 22 is provided with a narrow strip 23 around, the height of the narrow strip 23 is 4-5mm lower than the height of the boss 21;

[0055] The width of the groove 22 is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the width of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 or the transverse pressing plate 12 and less than the maximum value of the width of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 or the transverse pressing plate 12, the sum of the thickness of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 or the transverse pressing plate 12 and the height of the narrow strip 23 is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate 5 and the height of the boss 21; the steel alloy flat plate 5 comprises a surfacing side 51 and a surfacing opposite side 52, four second inclined surfaces 53 are formed between the surfacing side 51 and the surfacing opposite side 52, the angle between the second inclined surface 53 and the horizontal plane is the same as the angle of the first inclined surface 112; the second inclined surface 53 is in contact with the first inclined surface 112 of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 and the transverse pressing plate 12 respectively, the surfacing opposite side 52 is in contact with the boss 21, and the longitudinal pressing plate 11 and the transverse pressing plate 12 are in contact with the narrow strip 23 respectively; the longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225 corresponds to the first waist-shaped hole 111 one by one, and the transverse waist-shaped hole 226 corresponds to the second waist-shaped hole 121 one by one; the locking bolt 3 is fixedly connected with the locking nut 4 after passing through the first waist-shaped hole 111, the longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225 in turn, and the locking bolt 3 is fixedly connected with the locking nut 4 after passing through the second waist-shaped hole 121, the transverse waist-shaped hole 226 in turn.

[0056] The surfacing opposite side 52 is parallel to the surfacing side 51, and the one-side dimension of each side of the surfacing opposite side 52 is 20-25mm larger than that of the surfacing side 51.

[0057] The long axis of the first waist-shaped hole 111 is parallel to the short side of the longitudinal pressing plate 11, and the long axis of the second waist-shaped hole 121 is parallel to the short side of the transverse pressing plate 12.

[0058] The boss 21 comprises two transverse edges 211 and two longitudinal edges 212;

[0059] The length of the longitudinal edge 212 is consistent with the length of the longitudinal pressing plate 11;

[0060] The length of the transverse edge 211 is consistent with the length of the transverse pressing plate 12.

[0061] The groove 22 comprises two transverse grooves 221 and two longitudinal grooves 222;

[0062] The two transverse grooves 221 and the two longitudinal grooves 222 are respectively located outside the two transverse edges 211 and the two longitudinal edges 212 of the boss 21;

[0063] The length of the transverse groove 221 is consistent with the length of the transverse pressing plate 12, and the length of the longitudinal groove 222 is consistent with the length of the longitudinal pressing plate 11;

[0064] The width of the transverse groove 221 is greater than or equal to the minimum width of the transverse pressing plate 12 and less than the maximum width of the transverse pressing plate 12; the width of the longitudinal groove 222 is greater than or equal to the minimum width of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 and less than the maximum width of the longitudinal pressing plate 11.

[0065] The narrow strips 23 include two transverse narrow strips 231 and two longitudinal narrow strips 232;

[0066] The two transverse narrow strips 231 and the two longitudinal narrow strips 232 are respectively located outside the two transverse grooves 221 and the two longitudinal grooves 222;

[0067] The length of the transverse narrow strip 231 is consistent with the length of the transverse groove 221 , and the length of the longitudinal narrow strip 232 is consistent with the length of the longitudinal groove 222 ;

[0068] The sum of the thickness of the longitudinal pressure plate 11 and the height of the longitudinal narrow strip 232 is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate 5 and the height of the boss 21; the sum of the thickness of the transverse pressure plate 12 and the height of the transverse narrow strip 231 is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate 5 and the height of the boss 21.

[0069] The method of use comprises the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Before the surfacing operation, the second inclined surface 53 is first machined around the steel alloy flat plate to obtain the steel alloy flat plate 5;

[0071] Step 2: First, place the steel alloy plate 5 on the boss 21, then place the two longitudinal pressing plates 11 and the two transverse pressing plates 12 around the steel alloy plate 5, and adjust their relative positions until the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53 are completely in contact with each other and the first waist-shaped hole 111 and the second waist-shaped hole 121 correspond to the longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225 and the transverse waist-shaped hole 226 respectively. Then, stop adjusting.

[0072] Step 3: First, insert the locking bolt 3 into the first waist-shaped hole 111 and the longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225, and the second waist-shaped hole 121 and the transverse waist-shaped hole 226 in sequence, then pre-tighten the locking nut 4 and the locking bolt 3, and then tighten all the locking nuts 4 and the corresponding locking bolts 3;

[0073] Step 4: First, remove impurities from the cladding side 51 and the area 20-30 mm around the cladding side 51, and clean the cladding side 51;

[0074] Fifth step: the argon arc welding is used to the surfacing side 51 is carried out surfacing, and the surfacing layer 61 is formed on the upper surface of the surfacing side 51, and after the surfacing is completed, the steel alloy surfacing flat plate 6 is obtained;

[0075] Sixth step: first, the steel alloy surfacing flat plate 6 is annealed with the anti-deformation device to carry out stress relief treatment, then the anti-deformation device is disassembled, and the steel alloy surfacing flat plate finished product is obtained.

[0076] In the second step, the complete abutment of the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53 means that a 0.1mm plug gauge is inserted between the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53, when the 0.1mm plug gauge cannot be inserted into the gap between the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53, the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53 are completely abutted, and when the 0.1mm plug gauge is inserted into the gap between the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53, the relative position of the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53 is continuously adjusted until the 0.1mm plug gauge cannot be inserted into the gap between the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53.

[0077] In the third step, the pre-tightening of the lock nuts 4 and the lock bolts 3, and then the tightening of all the lock nuts 4 and the corresponding lock bolts 3 means that each lock nut 4 and the lock bolt 3 are pre-tightened, and after confirming that the steel alloy flat plate 5 is located in the middle of the boss 21, the lock nuts 4 and the corresponding lock bolts 3 are completely tightened.

[0078] In the fifth step, the argon arc welding is used to the surfacing side 51 is carried out surfacing means that under the conditions of the purity of argon being 99.99%, the welding wire brand being SCu6328, the diameter being 2mm, and the current polarity being direct current positive connection, the push welding method is used to the surfacing side 51 is carried out surfacing.

[0079] When the first layer of the surfacing side 51 is welded, the welding current of 240-260A, the voltage of 20-24V, the welding speed of 10-15cm / min, and the gas flow of 30-40L / min are used.

[0080] When the second layer and above of the surfacing side 51 are welded, the welding current of 260-280A, the voltage of 20-24V, the welding speed of 10-15cm / min, and the gas flow of 30-40L / min are used.

[0081] In the surfacing process, the overlap amount of the next weld and the previous weld is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the weld width, and the interpass temperature is controlled at 120-150℃.

[0082] The supplementary description of the application is as follows:

[0083] The application preferably uses any one of copper alloy, nickel alloy and cobalt alloy as the surfacing layer 61.

[0084] The thickness of the surfacing layer 61 is preferably 5-6 mm.

[0085] The material of the steel alloy flat plate 5 is preferably any one of Q235, Q345 and 20#.

[0086] The number of surfacing layers of the steel alloy flat plate 5 is preferably three.

[0087] The angle between the first inclined surface 112 and the horizontal plane is preferably 35-40°. If the angle is too large, the contact area between the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53 will be reduced, the friction will be reduced, and the welding stress will be concentrated on the top region of the inclined surface, resulting in excessive local stress, which will weaken the fixing effect and reduce the structural stability of the device. If the angle is too small, the welding stress will be concentrated on the bottom region of the inclined surface, resulting in excessive local stress, which will also result in insufficient fixing effect.

[0088] The steel alloy flat plate 5 is preferably used as the surfacing base material because the steel alloy material has good strength, good toughness and corrosion resistance, which can ensure the quality and stability of the surfacing layer 61 formed on the steel alloy flat plate 5. In addition, the wide availability and relatively low cost of steel alloy make it economically competitive.

[0089] The anti-deformation device is preferably suitable for a steel alloy flat plate 5 with a length of 450-550 mm and a width of 150-250 mm.

[0090] The width of the transverse groove 221 is consistent with the width of the transverse pressing plate 12, and the width of the longitudinal groove 222 is consistent with the width of the longitudinal pressing plate 11.

[0091] The maximum and minimum widths of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 are consistent with the maximum and minimum widths of the transverse pressing plate 12.

[0092] The number of the first waist-shaped holes 111 is preferably 4-6, and the number of the second waist-shaped holes 121 is preferably 2-4.

[0093] The annealed and stress-relieved steel alloy surfacing flat plate product is placed on an operation platform, and the gap between the lower surface of the steel alloy surfacing flat plate product and the operation platform is detected using a steel ruler. The deformation amount of the steel alloy surfacing flat plate product is better than that of the existing surfacing method, and the deformation amount meets the technical requirements.

[0094] The annealing and stress-relieving process includes the following steps: first, slowly heat the workpiece to a certain temperature; after the workpiece reaches the specified temperature, maintain the temperature for a period of time to allow the internal residual stress of the material to relax; then, slowly cool the workpiece, usually using furnace cooling.

[0095] The impurities in the fourth step of the present application preferably refer to oil, water, rust.

[0096] The impurities in the fourth step of the present application preferably refer to oil, water, rust.

[0097] The fourth step of the present application preferably uses acetone to clean the surfacing side 51.

[0098] The fifth step of the present application preferably uses a specific surfacing process determined by the material of the steel alloy plate 5 and the surfacing layer 61.

[0099] Example 1:

[0100] See Figure 1 — Figure 8The application discloses a deformation-preventing device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of surfacing welding. The deformation-preventing device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing comprises a pressing plate 1, a tool base plate 2, a plurality of locking bolts 3 and a plurality of locking nuts 4. The pressing plate 1 comprises two longitudinal pressing plates 11 and two transverse pressing plates 12. The longitudinal pressing plate 11 and the transverse pressing plate 12 are consistent in width and thickness. The longitudinal pressing plate 11 and the transverse pressing plate 12 are provided with a plurality of first waist-shaped holes 111 and a plurality of second waist-shaped holes 121, respectively. The first waist-shaped hole 111 and the second waist-shaped hole 121 are consistent in size and shape. The tool base plate 2 is provided with a boss 21 in the middle. The boss 21 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal waist-shaped holes 225 and a plurality of transverse waist-shaped holes 226 in the middle. The boss 21 is provided with a plurality of narrow strips 23 around the boss 21. The width of the boss 21 is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the width of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 or the transverse pressing plate 12 and less than the maximum value of the width of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 or the transverse pressing plate 12. The sum of the thickness of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 or the transverse pressing plate 12 and the height of the narrow strip 23 is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate 5 and the height of the boss 21. The steel alloy flat plate 5 comprises a surfacing side 51 and a surfacing opposite side 52. The surfacing side 51 and the surfacing opposite side 52 are provided with four second inclined surfaces 53. The second inclined surface 53 is in contact with the first inclined surface 112 of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 and the transverse pressing plate 12, respectively. The longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225 corresponds to the first waist-shaped hole 111 one by one. The locking bolt 3 is fixedly connected with the locking nut 4 after passing through the first waist-shaped hole 111 and the longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225 in sequence. The locking bolt 3 is fixedly connected with the locking nut 4 after passing through the second waist-shaped hole 121 and the transverse waist-shaped hole 226 in sequence.

[0101] In application, first, the steel alloy flat plate 5 is placed on the tool base plate 2, the overlaying side 52 is in contact with the boss 21, and the position of the steel alloy flat plate 5 is adjusted so that the overlaying side 52 is located in the middle of the boss 21, then the two longitudinal pressing plates 11 and the two transverse pressing plates 12 are respectively placed on the four edges of the steel alloy flat plate 5, the relative positions of the two longitudinal pressing plates 11 and the two transverse pressing plates 12 and the steel alloy flat plate 5 are adjusted, so that the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53 are tightly fitted, and the first waist-shaped hole 111 and the second waist-shaped hole 121 are respectively corresponding to the longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225 and the transverse waist-shaped hole 226, then the locking bolt 3 is respectively inserted into the first waist-shaped hole 111 and the longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225, and the second waist-shaped hole 121 and the transverse waist-shaped hole 226, the locking nut 4 is tightened with the corresponding locking bolt 3 to fix the steel alloy flat plate 5, and finally the overlaying side 51 is overlaid; when the overlaying is completed, the locking nut 4 and the locking bolt 3 are loosened, and then the two longitudinal pressing plates 11 and the two transverse pressing plates 12 are respectively removed, so that the steel alloy overlaying flat plate finished product can be removed; since the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53 have the same angle, the two inclined surfaces can be tightly fitted; through the tool base plate 2, the waist-shaped hole, the locking bolt 3 and the locking nut 4, the steel alloy flat plate 5 can be fixed well and uniformly; in addition, the same pressing plate 1 is used to fix the four edges of the steel alloy flat plate 5, so that the stress of the steel alloy flat plate 5 is uniform, the stress of the steel alloy flat plate 5 during the overlaying process can be uniformly dispersed to the whole device structure, local deformation is avoided, and the anti-deformation effect is good; at the same time, compared with the existing technology which needs to remove the fixed weld 62, the present application is more convenient, and the taking-down process does not damage the finished product, improves the material utilization rate and the working efficiency.

[0102] Example 2:

[0103] The basic content is the same as that in example 1, except that the overlaying side 52 is parallel to the overlaying side 51, and the single side size of each edge of the overlaying side 52 is 20-25mm larger than that of the overlaying side 51.

[0104] In use, the upper surface of the surfacing side 51 is surfaced to form a surfacing layer 61, and the surfacing opposite side 52 is in contact with the upper surface of the boss 21 to provide support for the steel alloy flat plate 5. The surfacing opposite side 52 has a large size to provide a large support area for the steel alloy flat plate 5, thereby enhancing the stability of the overall structure. In particular, during the surfacing process, the formation of the surfacing layer 61 generates a large thermal stress and mechanical stress, and the support of the surfacing opposite side 52 can effectively disperse these stresses and reduce the risk of deformation of the steel alloy flat plate 5. At the same time, the single-side size of each edge of the surfacing opposite side 52 is 20-25mm larger than that of the surfacing side 51, which can form a second inclined surface 53 around the steel alloy flat plate 5. The second inclined surface 53 is tightly fitted with the first inclined surface 112 of the transverse pressing plate 12 and the longitudinal pressing plate 11, thereby fixing the four sides of the steel alloy flat plate 5 and keeping the steel alloy flat plate 5 stable during the surfacing process, which further improves the fixing effect and prevents displacement or deformation of the steel alloy flat plate 5 during the surfacing process.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] The basic content is the same as that of Example 1, except that the long axis of the first waist-shaped hole 111 is parallel to the short side of the longitudinal pressing plate 11, and the long axis of the second waist-shaped hole 121 is parallel to the short side of the transverse pressing plate 12.

[0107] In use, the first inclined surface 112 of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 and the transverse pressing plate 12 is fitted with the second inclined surface 53 of the steel alloy flat plate 5. When adjusting the relative positions of the longitudinal pressing plate 11, the transverse pressing plate 12 and the steel alloy flat plate 5, the long axes of the first waist-shaped hole 111 and the second waist-shaped hole 121 have a certain adjustment range, which can conveniently adjust the relative positions of the longitudinal pressing plate 11, the transverse pressing plate 12 and the steel alloy flat plate 5. In particular, when the size of the steel alloy flat plate 5 is not completely consistent with the size of the boss 21 (i.e. the size of the steel alloy flat plate 5 is larger or smaller than the size of the boss 21), the first waist-shaped hole 111 and the second waist-shaped hole 121 can be flexibly adjusted, while the vertical waist-shaped hole cannot achieve such adjustment. Therefore, this design can be applied to the surfacing of steel alloy flat plates 5 of different sizes.

[0108] Example 4

[0109] The basic content is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: the groove 22 comprises two transverse grooves 221 and two longitudinal grooves 222; the two transverse grooves 221 and the two longitudinal grooves 222 are respectively located outside the two transverse edges 211 and the two longitudinal edges 212 of the boss 21; the length of the transverse groove 221 is consistent with the length of the transverse pressing plate 12, and the length of the longitudinal groove 222 is consistent with the length of the longitudinal pressing plate 11; the width of the transverse groove 221 is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the width of the transverse pressing plate 12 and less than the maximum value of the width of the transverse pressing plate 12; and the width of the longitudinal groove 222 is greater than or equal to the minimum value of the width of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 and less than the maximum value of the width of the longitudinal pressing plate 11.

[0110] In application, the transverse pressing plate 12 and the longitudinal pressing plate 11 are respectively placed above the corresponding transverse groove 221 and longitudinal groove 222. Since the length of the transverse groove 221 is consistent with the length of the transverse pressing plate 12, and the length of the longitudinal groove 222 is consistent with the length of the longitudinal pressing plate 11, the pressing plate 1 can be accurately aligned and covered on the groove 22. After adjusting the relative positions of the longitudinal pressing plate 11, the transverse pressing plate 12 and the steel alloy flat plate 5, the locking bolt 3 and the locking nut 4 are used for fixing, so as to ensure that the transverse pressing plate 12 and the longitudinal pressing plate 11 are closely matched with the groove 22, which can effectively limit the movement of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 and the transverse pressing plate 12, prevent displacement or loosening of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 and the transverse pressing plate 12 during the surfacing process, and at the same time, enhance the stability of the overall structure, avoid local stress concentration, and prevent the steel alloy flat plate 5 from being deformed during the surfacing process. In addition, the design of the groove 22 makes the installation of the transverse pressing plate 12 and the longitudinal pressing plate 11 more convenient, and further improves the assembly efficiency and fixing effect of the device.

[0111] Embodiment 5

[0112] The basic content is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: the narrow strip 23 comprises two transverse narrow strips 231 and two longitudinal narrow strips 232; the two transverse narrow strips 231 and the two longitudinal narrow strips 232 are respectively located outside the two transverse grooves 221 and the two longitudinal grooves 222; the length of the transverse narrow strip 231 is consistent with the length of the transverse groove 221, and the length of the longitudinal narrow strip 232 is consistent with the length of the longitudinal groove 222; the thickness of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 and the height of the longitudinal narrow strip 232 are less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate 5 and the height of the boss 21; and the thickness of the transverse pressing plate 12 and the height of the transverse narrow strip 231 are less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate 5 and the height of the boss 21.

[0113] In use, the transverse narrow strip 231 and the longitudinal narrow strip 232 are respectively located outside the transverse groove 221 and the longitudinal groove 222, and the length thereof is consistent with the groove 22, so as to ensure that the pressing plate 1 will not be deviated during installation; since the sum of the thickness of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 and the height of the longitudinal narrow strip 232 is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate 5 and the height of the boss 21, and the sum of the thickness of the transverse pressing plate 12 and the height of the transverse narrow strip 231 is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate 5 and the height of the boss 21, the pressing plate 1 will not interfere with the surfacing side 51 of the steel alloy flat plate 5, so as to ensure the stability of the steel alloy flat plate 5, and the design of the transverse narrow strip 231 and the longitudinal narrow strip 232 further enhances the fixing effect of the pressing plate, so as to ensure that the steel alloy flat plate 5 remains stable during surfacing, and meanwhile, the support effect of the transverse narrow strip 231 and the longitudinal narrow strip 232 enhances the stability of the overall structure, and effectively disperses the thermal stress and mechanical stress generated during surfacing.

[0114] Embodiment 6

[0115] The basic content is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: the longitudinal pressing plate 11 comprises two first long edges 113 and two first short edges 114, the transverse pressing plate 12 comprises two second long edges 123 and two second short edges 124, the length of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 is the length of the first long edge 113, and the length of the transverse pressing plate 12 is the length of the second long edge 123; one of the first long edges 113 of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 is provided with a first inclined surface 112, and one of the second long edges 123 of the transverse pressing plate 12 is provided with a first inclined surface 112; the long axis of the first waist-shaped hole 111 is parallel to the first short edge 114 of the longitudinal pressing plate 11, and the long axis of the second waist-shaped hole 121 is parallel to the second short edge 124 of the transverse pressing plate 12; the length of the longitudinal edge (212) in the boss 21 is consistent with the length of the first long edge 113, and the width of the boss 21 (i.e. the length of the transverse edge 211) is consistent with the length of the second long edge 123; the length of the transverse groove 221, the length of the transverse narrow strip 231 and the length of the second long edge 123 are all consistent, and the length of the longitudinal groove 222, the length of the longitudinal narrow strip 232 and the length of the first long edge 113 are all consistent.

[0116] Embodiment 7

[0117] The basic content is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: the anti-deformation device for surfacing of a steel alloy flat plate is suitable for surfacing of a steel alloy flat plate 5 with a length of 450-550 mm and a width of 150-250 mm, the length of the surfacing side 51 is 450-550 mm, and the width thereof is 150-250 mm, and the length of the opposite side 52 to the surfacing side is 500-600 mm, and the width thereof is 190-300 mm; copper alloy is adopted as the material of the surfacing layer 61.

[0118] The length of the longitudinal pressing plate 11 is 400-600 mm, the width is 200-250 mm, and the height is 15-20 mm; the length of the transverse pressing plate 12 is 300-350 mm, the width is 200-250 mm, and the height is 15-20 mm; the length of the tool base plate 2 is 1050-1250 mm, the height is 50-60 mm, and the width is 550-650 mm; the length of the boss 21 is consistent with the length of the longitudinal pressing plate 11, which is 400-600 mm; the height of the boss 21 is 46-50 mm, and the width of the boss 21 is consistent with the length of the transverse pressing plate 12, which is 300-350 mm; the length of the groove 22 is 500-600 mm, the width is 200-250 mm, and the height is 20-25 mm; the height of the narrow strip 23 is 15-20 mm; the width of the first waist-shaped hole 111, the second waist-shaped hole 121, the longitudinal waist-shaped hole 235, and the transverse waist-shaped hole 236 is 15-20 mm, and the length is 80-120 mm; the number of the first waist-shaped hole 111 is 4-6, and the number of the second waist-shaped hole 121 is 2-4.

[0119] In application, the above process is used to produce an alloy steel-copper alloy composite plate product with a length of 450-550 mm and a width of 150-250 mm, and then the alloy steel-copper alloy composite plate is milled and flattened on a machine tool, and then the alloy steel-copper alloy composite plate is cut by molybdenum wire to obtain an alloy steel-copper alloy composite plate rail strip with corresponding dimensions. The alloy steel-copper alloy composite plate rail strip is welded to the inner wall of the steel pipe body to serve as a guide sliding and wear-resistant part. Since the steel alloy side of the alloy steel-copper alloy composite plate rail strip has the same material and good weldability as the steel pipe body, the steel alloy side of the alloy steel-copper alloy composite plate rail strip is welded to the inner wall of the steel pipe body.

[0120] Example 8:

[0121] The basic content is the same as that of Example 1, except that the use method comprises the following steps:

[0122] First step: before the surfacing operation, a second inclined surface 53 is processed around the steel alloy flat plate to obtain a steel alloy flat plate 5;

[0123] Second step: first place the steel alloy flat plate 5 on the boss 21, then place two longitudinal pressing plates 11 and two transverse pressing plates 12 around the steel alloy flat plate 5, and adjust the relative position until the first inclined surface 112 and the second inclined surface 53 are completely fitted and the first waist-shaped hole 111 and the second waist-shaped hole 121 are one-to-one corresponding to the longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225 and the transverse waist-shaped hole 226, respectively, and then stop adjusting;

[0124] Third step: firstly, the locking bolt 3 is respectively and sequentially inserted into the first waist-shaped hole 111 and the longitudinal waist-shaped hole 225, and the second waist-shaped hole 121 and the transverse waist-shaped hole 226, and then the locking nut 4 is pre-tightened with the locking bolt 3, and finally all the locking nuts 4 and the corresponding locking bolts 3 are tightened;

[0125] Fourth step: firstly, the impurities in the surfacing side 51 and the area 20-30mm around the surfacing side 51 are removed clean, and the surfacing side 51 is washed;

[0126] Fifth step: the surfacing side 51 is surfaced by argon arc welding, and a surfacing layer 61 is formed on the upper surface of the surfacing side 51, and after the surfacing is completed, the steel alloy surfacing flat plate 6 is obtained.

[0127] Sixth step: firstly, the steel alloy surfacing flat plate 6 is annealed and stress relieved with the anti-deformation device, and then the anti-deformation device is disassembled, and the finished steel alloy surfacing flat plate is obtained.

[0128] Example 9:

[0129] The basic content is the same as that of example 8, except that in the fifth step, the surfacing of the surfacing side 51 by argon arc welding refers to that the surfacing of the surfacing side 51 is carried out by push welding under the conditions that the purity of argon is 99.99%, the welding wire brand is SCu6328, the diameter is 2mm, and the current polarity is direct current positive connection.

[0130] In application, in the surfacing process, the push welding method is adopted, the welding gun is pushed forward, the welding wire is pushed forward from the welding gun, the welding arc is formed, the to-be-welded area of the surfacing side 51 is preheated, and the fusion of the weld and the reduction of welding stress are promoted.

[0131] Example 10:

[0132] The basic content is the same as that of example 8, except that when the surfacing side 51 is welded for the first layer, the welding current of 240-260A, the voltage of 20-24V, the welding speed of 10-15cm / min, and the gas flow of 30-40L / min are used; when the surfacing side 51 is welded for the second layer and above, the welding current of 260-280A, the voltage of 20-24V, the welding speed of 10-15cm / min, and the gas flow of 30-40L / min are used; in the surfacing process, the overlap amount of the next weld and the previous weld is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the weld width, and the interpass temperature is controlled at 120-150℃.

[0133] In application, the welding current and voltage directly affect the welding heat input. In surfacing, using a lower welding current 240-260 A, a moderate voltage 20-24 V, can reduce the heat input, avoid the steel alloy plate from overheating and generating a larger thermal stress, thereby reducing the risk of deformation; using a moderate welding speed 10-15 cm / min, can control the welding heat input, avoid the accumulation of heat in the local area, prevent the steel alloy plate from deforming due to local overheating; using a larger gas flow 30-40 L / min, can provide sufficient protection, prevent the weld metal from contacting with harmful gases such as oxygen and nitrogen in the air, avoid the oxidation and nitriding of the weld, reduce welding defects such as pores and slag inclusion; when welding the second layer and above, the welding current is increased to 260-280 A, which can quickly form the required surfacing layer thickness, ensure the good bonding between the surfacing layer and the base material and between each layer, improve the overall performance of the surfacing layer, to ensure the fusion and filling effect of the weld; in the surfacing process, the appropriate weld overlap is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the weld width, which can ensure the uniformity of the surfacing layer, avoid the presence of unfused or over-fused areas, thereby reducing the welding stress concentration, preventing the steel alloy plate from deforming; controlling the interpass temperature at 120-150℃ can prevent the steel alloy plate from overheating, reduce the thermal stress concentration, and prevent deformation; the cooperation of the above process parameters not only can prevent the steel alloy plate 5 from deforming during the surfacing process, but also improves the quality of the surfacing layer 61.

[0134] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent modification or change made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosed content of the present application shall be included in the protection scope recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. An anti-deformation device for surfacing welding of steel alloy flat plates, characterized by: The anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing comprises a pressing plate (1), a tooling base plate (2), a plurality of locking bolts (3), and a plurality of locking nuts (4); The pressing plate (1) includes two longitudinal pressing plates (11) and two transverse pressing plates (12); the longitudinal pressing plates (11) and the transverse pressing plates (12) are of the same width and thickness; one side of the longitudinal pressing plates (11) and the transverse pressing plates (12) along the long side direction is a first inclined surface (112); the angle between the first inclined surface (112) and the horizontal plane is 35°-40°; a plurality of first waist-shaped holes (111) are evenly distributed in the middle of the longitudinal pressing plate (11); a plurality of second waist-shaped holes (121) are evenly distributed in the middle of the transverse pressing plate (12); the first waist-shaped holes (111) and the second waist-shaped holes (121) are of the same size and shape; A boss (21) is provided in the middle of the tooling base plate (2), a groove (22) is provided around the boss (21), a plurality of longitudinal waist-shaped holes (225) and a plurality of transverse waist-shaped holes (226) are provided in the middle of the groove (22), and a narrow strip (23) is provided around the groove (22), and the height of the narrow strip (23) is 4-5 mm lower than the height of the boss (21); The width of the groove (22) is greater than or equal to the minimum width of the longitudinal pressing plate (11) or the transverse pressing plate (12) and less than the maximum width of the longitudinal pressing plate (11) or the transverse pressing plate (12); the sum of the thickness of the longitudinal pressing plate (11) or the transverse pressing plate (12) and the height of the narrow strip (23) is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate (5) and the height of the boss (21); the steel alloy flat plate (5) includes a surfacing side (51) and a surfacing opposite side (52); four second inclined surfaces (53) are formed between the surfacing side (51) and the surfacing opposite side (52); the angle between the second inclined surface (53) and the horizontal plane is the same as the angle between the first inclined surface (112); the second inclined surfaces (53) and the longitudinal The first inclined surfaces (112) of the pressure plate (11) and the transverse pressure plate (12) are in contact with each other, the opposite side of the surfacing (52) is in contact with the boss (21), and the longitudinal pressure plate (11) and the transverse pressure plate (12) are in contact with the narrow strip (23) respectively; the longitudinal waist-shaped hole (225) corresponds to the first waist-shaped hole (111) one-to-one, and the transverse waist-shaped hole (226) corresponds to the second waist-shaped hole (121) one-to-one; the locking bolt (3) passes through the first waist-shaped hole (111) and the longitudinal waist-shaped hole (225) in sequence and is fixedly connected with the locking nut (4); the locking bolt (3) passes through the second waist-shaped hole (121) and the transverse waist-shaped hole (226) in sequence and is fixedly connected with the locking nut (4).

2. The anti-deformation device for surfacing welding of steel alloy flat plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfacing opposite side (52) is parallel to the surfacing side (51), and the single-side size of each side of the surfacing opposite side (52) is 20-25 mm larger than that of the surfacing side (51).

3. The anti-deformation device for surfacing welding of steel alloy flat plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The long axis of the first waist-shaped hole (111) is parallel to the short side of the longitudinal pressing plate (11), and the long axis of the second waist-shaped hole (121) is parallel to the short side of the transverse pressing plate (12).

4. The anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boss (21) includes two transverse sides (211) and two longitudinal sides (212); The length of the longitudinal edge (212) is consistent with the length of the longitudinal pressing plate (11); The length of the transverse edge (211) is consistent with the length of the transverse pressing plate (12).

5. The anti-deformation device for surfacing welding of steel alloy flat plates according to claim 4, characterized in that: The groove (22) includes two transverse grooves (221) and two longitudinal grooves (222); The two transverse grooves (221) and the two longitudinal grooves (222) are respectively located outside the two transverse sides (211) and the two longitudinal sides (212) of the boss (21); The length of the transverse groove (221) is consistent with the length of the transverse pressing plate (12), and the length of the longitudinal groove (222) is consistent with the length of the longitudinal pressing plate (11); The width of the transverse groove (221) is greater than or equal to the minimum width of the transverse pressing plate (12) and less than the maximum width of the transverse pressing plate (12); the width of the longitudinal groove (222) is greater than or equal to the minimum width of the longitudinal pressing plate (11) and less than the maximum width of the longitudinal pressing plate (11).

6. The anti-deformation device for surfacing welding of steel alloy flat plates according to claim 5, characterized in that: The narrow strips (23) include two transverse narrow strips (231) and two longitudinal narrow strips (232); The two transverse narrow strips (231) and the two longitudinal narrow strips (232) are respectively located outside the two transverse grooves (221) and the two longitudinal grooves (222); The length of the transverse narrow strip (231) is consistent with the length of the transverse groove (221), and the length of the longitudinal narrow strip (232) is consistent with the length of the longitudinal groove (222); The sum of the thickness of the longitudinal pressing plate (11) and the height of the longitudinal narrow strip (232) is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate (5) and the height of the boss (21); the sum of the thickness of the transverse pressing plate (12) and the height of the transverse narrow strip (231) is less than the sum of the thickness of the steel alloy flat plate (5) and the height of the boss (21).

7. A method for using the anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of use comprises the following steps: Step 1: Before the surfacing operation, a second inclined surface (53) is first machined around the steel alloy flat plate to obtain a steel alloy flat plate (5); Step 2: First, place the steel alloy flat plate (5) on the boss (21), then place two longitudinal pressing plates (11) and two transverse pressing plates (12) around the steel alloy flat plate (5), and adjust the relative positions until the first inclined surface (112) and the second inclined surface (53) are completely fitted together and the first waist-shaped hole (111) and the second waist-shaped hole (121) correspond to the longitudinal waist-shaped hole (225) and the transverse waist-shaped hole (226) respectively, and then stop adjusting; Step 3: First, insert the locking bolt (3) into the first waist-shaped hole (111) and the longitudinal waist-shaped hole (225), and the second waist-shaped hole (121) and the transverse waist-shaped hole (226) in sequence, then pre-tighten the locking nut (4) and the locking bolt (3), and then tighten all the locking nuts (4) and the corresponding locking bolts (3); Step 4: First, remove impurities on the surfacing side (51) and in the 20-30 mm area around the surfacing side (51), and clean the surfacing side (51); Step 5: Using argon arc welding to perform surfacing welding on the surfacing side (51), forming a surfacing layer (61) on the upper surface of the surfacing side (51), and after the surfacing welding is completed, a steel alloy surfacing flat plate (6) is obtained; Step 6: firstly perform annealing and stress relief treatment on the steel alloy surfacing plate (6) together with the anti-deformation device, and then disassemble the anti-deformation device to obtain a finished steel alloy surfacing plate.

8. The method for using the anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the second step, the first bevel (112) and the second bevel (53) are completely fitted together, which means: a 0.1mm feeler gauge is inserted between the first bevel (112) and the second bevel (53); when the 0.1mm feeler gauge cannot be inserted into the gap between the first bevel (112) and the second bevel (53), the first bevel (112) and the second bevel (53) are completely fitted together; when the 0.1mm feeler gauge is inserted into the gap between the first bevel (112) and the second bevel (53), the relative position of the first bevel (112) and the second bevel (53) is continuously adjusted until the 0.1mm feeler gauge cannot be inserted into the gap between the first bevel (112) and the second bevel (53); In the third step, the locking nuts (4) and the locking bolts (3) are pre-tightened, and then all the locking nuts (4) and the corresponding locking bolts (3) are tightened. This means that each locking nut (4) and the locking bolt (3) are pre-tightened, and after confirming that the steel alloy plate (5) is located in the middle of the boss (21), the locking nuts (4) and the corresponding locking bolts (3) are completely tightened.

9. The method for using the anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the fifth step, the argon arc welding for surfacing the surfacing side (51) refers to: under the conditions of argon purity of 99.99%, welding wire brand SCu6328, diameter of 2mm, and current polarity of DC positive connection, the surfacing side (51) is surfacing by push welding.

10. The method for using the anti-deformation device for steel alloy flat plate surfacing according to claim 9, characterized in that: When performing the first layer welding on the surfacing side (51), a welding current of 240-260A, a voltage of 20-24V, a welding speed of 10-15cm / min, and a gas flow rate of 30-40L / min are used; When welding the second layer or more of the surfacing side (51), a welding current of 260-280A, a voltage of 20-24V, a welding speed of 10-15cm / min, and a gas flow rate of 30-40L / min are used; During the surfacing process, the overlap between the next weld and the previous weld is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the weld width, and the interpass temperature is controlled at 120-150℃.

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