Gypsum plaster board

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gypsum boards, and particularly discloses a gypsum plaster board. The invention relates to a gypsum plaster board, which comprises a board core and surface protection paper adhered to the two surfaces of the board core, and the board core comprises the following raw materials by weight: 60-100 parts of gypsum clinker; 20 to 30 parts of fly ash; 5 to 10 parts of glass fiber; 5 to 10 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel particles; 1-5 parts of methyl silicone oil; 1-5 parts of starch; 0.2 to 3 parts of modified ammonium polyphosphate; 0.2-3 parts of a foaming agent; 0.2-3 parts of a water reducing agent; 0.2 to 3 parts of a retarder; 30 to 50 parts of water; the modified ammonium polyphosphate is obtained by modifying ammonium polyphosphate through aluminum triisopropoxide. According to the gypsum plaster board, by adding the modified ammonium polyphosphate, the flame retardant property of the gypsum plaster board is effectively improved on the premise that the mechanical property of the gypsum plaster board is not influenced, so that the application scene of the gypsum plaster board is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gypsum boards, and more particularly to a paper-faced gypsum board. Background Art

[0002] Gypsum board is a lightweight building sheet made of natural gypsum and facing paper as the main raw materials, mixed with appropriate amounts of fiber, starch, coagulant, foaming agent and water. Gypsum board is widely used in building interior wall materials and decoration materials due to its advantages of easy processing, green environmental protection and space saving.

[0003] In the related art, a patent document with announcement number CN112679178B discloses a paper-faced gypsum board, including a board core and a face paper, wherein the raw materials of the board core include waste ceramic mold gypsum, melamine resin and ethylene glycol. The raw materials of the board core may also include reinforcing fiber, polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, water reducing agent, foaming agent, silicate cement, retarder, accelerator and starch. The paper-faced gypsum board makes up for the defects of the waste ceramic mold gypsum itself through the above raw materials, ensures that the gypsum board meets the national standard requirements, and can also effectively recycle the waste ceramic mold gypsum.

[0004] Since a certain amount of organic alcohol and resin material are added to the board core of the above-mentioned gypsum board, the flame retardant performance of the above-mentioned gypsum board is poor, which limits its application in certain occasions with strict requirements on flame retardant performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the flame retardant performance of gypsum board, the present application provides a gypsum board.

[0006] The present application provides a paper-faced gypsum board adopting the following technical solution: A paper-faced gypsum board comprises a board core and facing papers bonded to both sides of the board core, wherein the board core comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of gypsum clinker; 20-30 parts of fly ash; Glass fiber 5-10 parts; 5-10 parts of silica aerogel particles; 1-5 parts of methyl silicone oil; 1-5 parts starch; Modified ammonium polyphosphate 0.2-3 parts; 0.2-3 parts of foaming agent; Water reducing agent 0.2-3 parts; Retarder 0.2-3 parts; 30-50 parts water; The modified ammonium polyphosphate is obtained by modifying ammonium polyphosphate with aluminum triisopropoxide.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, gypsum clinker is the main component of gypsum board, which provides the basic hardness and strength of gypsum board and ensures the bearing capacity and service life of gypsum board. Fly ash is an industrial waste. Its use as an additive here not only reduces the production cost, but also increases the density and durability of gypsum board. Glass fiber is used to enhance the tensile strength and toughness of gypsum board, and improves the crack resistance and impact resistance of gypsum board. Silica aerogel particles have excellent thermal insulation properties, which helps to improve the thermal insulation effect of gypsum board. Methyl silicone oil, as a lubricant, helps to improve the mixing uniformity and processing performance of raw materials and improves production efficiency. Starch, as a binder, helps to bond between raw materials and improve the overall strength of gypsum board.

[0008] As a flame retardant, ammonium polyphosphate itself has good stability and has the advantages of low smoke and non-toxicity, but a large amount of addition is required to meet the flame retardant requirements, so the mechanical properties of the board core are greatly deteriorated. In the present application scheme, ammonium polyphosphate is modified by aluminum triisopropoxide, and the modified ammonium polyphosphate obtained has efficient flame retardant properties, and a small amount of addition can meet the flame retardant requirements of gypsum board, and the mechanical properties of the board core will not be damaged. Therefore, the flame retardant properties of paper-faced gypsum board can be efficiently improved by modified ammonium polyphosphate, which expands the application scenarios of paper-faced gypsum board. By modifying ammonium polyphosphate with aluminum triisopropoxide, ammonium polyphosphate decomposes at high temperature during the combustion process to generate phosphoric acid and ammonia. These decomposition products can absorb a large amount of heat and dilute the oxygen in the air, thereby reducing the combustion rate. In addition, the aluminum tri-sec-butyl alcohol in the modified ammonium polyphosphate will form a dense aluminum oxide layer on the surface of the board core during the combustion process. This aluminum oxide layer has excellent thermal insulation properties and can effectively prevent heat from being transferred to the inside of the insulating layer, thereby slowing down the heating rate of the material. At the same time, the alumina layer can also prevent or delay the diffusion of small molecular combustibles from the inside of the board core to the outside, preventing the board core material from contacting with oxygen in the air and burning. In addition, the alumina layer can also promote the formation of the carbon layer, increase the thickness and density of the carbon layer, and further improve the flame retardant properties of the board core.

[0009] Optionally, the modified ammonium polyphosphate is prepared by the following method: A. After mixing β-alanine, acetone, ammonium polyphosphate and deionized water, the pH value of the mixed system is adjusted to 8 with ammonia water to obtain a premixed solution; B. Add emulsifier to the premixed liquid, heat to 50°C, stir and react for 10-20 minutes, then add aluminum triisopropoxide, heat to 60°C, continue stirring for 2-4 hours, then filter, wash and dry to obtain modified ammonium polyphosphate.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, β-alanine is conducive to promoting the uniform dispersion of acetone and ammonium polyphosphate in deionized water. Acetone as an auxiliary raw material enhances the compatibility of modified ammonium polyphosphate with the board core raw materials. The role of the emulsifier is to disperse raw materials such as ammonium polyphosphate and aluminum triisopropoxide into tiny particles and improve their uniformity in the raw materials. The stirring reaction conditions control the particle size and morphology of the modified ammonium polyphosphate, thereby enhancing its flame retardant effect in the board core.

[0011] Optionally, in step A, the mass ratio of β-alanine, acetone, ammonium polyphosphate and deionized water is (0.5-1):2:1:5.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, by accurately controlling the mass ratio of each raw material, it is possible to ensure sufficient contact and reaction of the reaction raw materials, avoiding the problems of raw material waste and insufficient reaction. This helps to improve the yield and quality stability of modified ammonium polyphosphate. The optimized mass ratio further improves the dispersibility and compatibility of modified ammonium polyphosphate in gypsum board. This helps to enhance its flame retardant effect in gypsum board and improve the overall flame retardant performance of gypsum board.

[0013] Optionally, the emulsifier in step B is sodium stearate, and the amount of the emulsifier added is 3%-5% of the mass of the ammonium polyphosphate.

[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, sodium stearate as an emulsifier has good dispersing and stabilizing effects. It can disperse raw materials such as ammonium polyphosphate and aluminum triisopropoxide into tiny particles, and improve their uniformity of dispersion in the reaction system. This helps to ensure sufficient contact and reaction of the reaction raw materials, and improve the yield and quality stability of modified ammonium polyphosphate. By controlling the addition amount range of the emulsifier, the particle size and morphology of the modified ammonium polyphosphate can be further optimized. An appropriate amount of emulsifier can ensure uniform dispersion of the raw materials in the reaction system, and avoid the occurrence of agglomeration and precipitation. This helps to improve the dispersibility and compatibility of modified ammonium polyphosphate in gypsum board, and further enhance its flame retardant effect in gypsum board.

[0015] Optionally, the amount of aluminum triisopropoxide added in step B is 6%-10% of the mass of ammonium polyphosphate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, first, by controlling the addition amount range of aluminum triisopropoxide, it is possible to ensure that it fully reacts with raw materials such as ammonium polyphosphate to generate modified ammonium polyphosphate with efficient flame retardant properties. An appropriate amount of aluminum triisopropoxide can significantly improve the flame retardant properties of modified ammonium polyphosphate, so that it can meet the flame retardant requirements of gypsum board under a smaller addition amount. Secondly, the above-mentioned addition amount range of aluminum triisopropoxide helps to reduce production costs and improve production efficiency. By reducing unnecessary waste of raw materials and reaction time, production costs can be significantly reduced and economic benefits can be improved. At the same time, the optimized preparation process also helps to improve the yield and quality stability of modified ammonium polyphosphate.

[0017] Optionally, the foaming agent is any one of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium bicarbonate and azodicarbonamide or a combination of several thereof.

[0018] Optionally, the raw materials of the board core also include 10-20 parts of pearlite soil.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the addition of perlite can also improve the strength and durability of gypsum board. Perlite has high strength and hardness, which can enhance the overall strength and durability of gypsum board, making it more suitable for various harsh environments and heavy loads. In addition, when perlite is heated to high temperatures, it expands and becomes a lightweight porous material. The expansion process can increase its volume by up to 20 times, forming a low-density material with excellent thermal insulation properties, which further enhances the flame retardant properties of gypsum board.

[0020] Optionally, the silica aerogel particles have a particle size of 5-50 nm.

[0021] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The gypsum board of the present application adds modified ammonium polyphosphate as a flame retardant in the board core, and the ammonium polyphosphate is modified by aluminum triisopropoxide, which significantly improves the flame retardant properties of the gypsum board. Modified ammonium polyphosphate can generate phosphoric acid and ammonia during the combustion process, absorb a large amount of heat and dilute the oxygen in the air, thereby reducing the combustion rate. At the same time, the aluminum tri-sec-butyl alcohol formed during the modification process will form a dense aluminum oxide layer on the surface of the board core when burning. This aluminum oxide layer has excellent thermal insulation properties, can effectively prevent heat from being transferred to the inside of the board core, slow down the heating rate of the material, and prevent or delay the diffusion of small molecular combustibles from the inside of the board core to the outside, avoiding the board core material from contacting with oxygen in the air and burning. In addition, the aluminum oxide layer can also promote the formation of a carbon layer, increase the thickness and density of the carbon layer, and further improve the flame retardant properties of the gypsum board, so that it can be widely used in the fields of construction and decoration that require high flame retardant properties.

[0022] 2. The method for preparing modified ammonium polyphosphate provided in the present application ensures the efficient preparation of modified ammonium polyphosphate by accurately controlling the mass ratio of the reaction raw materials, the type and addition amount of the emulsifier and the addition amount of aluminum triisopropoxide. This preparation method not only improves the yield and quality stability of modified ammonium polyphosphate, but also optimizes its dispersibility and compatibility in gypsum board. Since the dispersion of modified ammonium polyphosphate in gypsum board is more uniform, its flame retardant effect is significantly enhanced, so that the gypsum board can meet the flame retardant requirements at a smaller addition amount, and the mechanical properties of the board core will not be damaged. The adoption of this preparation method not only improves the flame retardant properties of gypsum board, but also reduces production costs, improves production efficiency, and provides strong support for the promotion and application of gypsum board.

[0023] 3. The raw materials of the gypsum board of the present application are added with a variety of functional raw materials, such as silica aerogel particles, perlite, etc., to further improve the comprehensive performance of the gypsum board. Silica aerogel particles have excellent thermal insulation properties, which help to improve the thermal insulation effect of the gypsum board, making it more suitable for buildings and decoration occasions that require thermal insulation. The addition of perlite improves the strength and durability of the gypsum board, making it more suitable for various harsh environments and heavy-loaded occasions, and perlite further enhances the flame retardant properties of the gypsum board. The addition of these functional raw materials not only enriches the application scenarios of gypsum board, but also improves its market competitiveness. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the preparation examples, embodiments and comparative examples of this application are commercially available. Among them, glass fiber was purchased from Hangzhou Gaoke Composite Materials Co., Ltd.; silica aerogel particles were purchased from Langfang Kono Building Materials Co., Ltd. KN-6883; water reducer and retarder were purchased from Guangdong Hongan Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0026] Preparation example of modified ammonium polyphosphate Preparation Example 1 Modified ammonium polyphosphate is prepared by the following method: A. After mixing 0.5 kg of β-alanine, 2 kg of acetone, 1 kg of ammonium polyphosphate and 5 kg of deionized water, the pH value of the mixed system was adjusted to 8 with aqueous ammonia to obtain a premixed solution; B. Add 0.03 kg of sodium stearate to the premixed solution, heat to 50°C, stir and react for 10 min, then add 0.06 kg of aluminum triisopropoxide, heat to 60°C, continue stirring for 2 h, and then filter, wash and dry to obtain modified ammonium polyphosphate.

[0027] Preparation Example 2 Modified ammonium polyphosphate is prepared by the following method: A. After mixing 0.7 kg of β-alanine, 2 kg of acetone, 1 kg of ammonium polyphosphate and 5 kg of deionized water, the pH value of the mixed system was adjusted to 8 with ammonia water to obtain a premixed solution; B. Add 0.04 kg of sodium stearate to the premixed solution, heat to 50°C, stir and react for 15 minutes, then add 0.08 kg of aluminum triisopropoxide, heat to 60°C, continue stirring for 3 hours, and then filter, wash and dry to obtain modified ammonium polyphosphate.

[0028] Preparation Example 3 Modified ammonium polyphosphate is prepared by the following method: A. After mixing 1.0 kg of β-alanine, 2 kg of acetone, 1 kg of ammonium polyphosphate and 5 kg of deionized water, the pH value of the mixed system was adjusted to 8 with aqueous ammonia to obtain a premixed solution; B. Add 0.05 kg of sodium stearate to the premixed solution, heat to 50°C, stir and react for 20 min, then add 0.1 kg of aluminum triisopropoxide, heat to 60°C, continue stirring for 4 h, and then filter, wash and dry to obtain modified ammonium polyphosphate.

[0029] Preparation Example 4 The modified ammonium polyphosphate is different from that of Preparation Example 3 in that an equal amount of methylcyclosiloxane is used in step B instead of aluminum triisopropoxide.

[0030] Preparation Example 5 The modified ammonium polyphosphate is different from that of Preparation Example 3 in that an equal amount of sodium tartrate is used in step A instead of β-alanine.

[0031] Example Example 1 A paper-faced gypsum board comprises a board core and face paper bonded to both sides of the board core, wherein the face paper is log pulp paper, and the raw material components and proportions of the board core are shown in Table 1. Among them, the modified ammonium polyphosphate is the modified ammonium polyphosphate prepared in Preparation Example 1, and the foaming agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0032] The gypsum board is prepared by the following method: S1. Mix gypsum clinker, fly ash, glass fiber, silica aerogel particles, methyl silicone oil, starch, modified ammonium polyphosphate, foaming agent, water reducer, retarder and water, and send them into a stirring device and stir them at a speed of 30 r / min for 5 minutes to form a uniform slurry; S2. Pour the slurry into the mold, distribute the slurry evenly by vibration or scraper, and expel bubbles, and wait for the slurry to solidify and form a board core; S3. Glue the facing paper to both sides of the board core with a phenolic resin adhesive, and perform hot pressing at a temperature of 45° C. to make the facing paper and the board core tightly bonded, and then cut and trim the bonded paper-faced gypsum board.

[0033] Example 2 A paper-faced gypsum board comprises a board core and face paper bonded to both sides of the board core, wherein the face paper is log pulp paper, and the raw material components and proportions of the board core are shown in Table 1. Among them, the modified ammonium polyphosphate is the modified ammonium polyphosphate prepared in Preparation Example 2, and the foaming agent is sodium bicarbonate.

[0034] The gypsum board is prepared by the following method: S1. Mix gypsum clinker, fly ash, glass fiber, silica aerogel particles, methyl silicone oil, starch, modified ammonium polyphosphate, foaming agent, water reducer, retarder and water, and send them into a stirring device and stir them at a speed of 40 r / min for 7 minutes to form a uniform slurry; S2. Pour the slurry into the mold, distribute the slurry evenly by vibration or scraper, and expel bubbles, and wait for the slurry to solidify and form a board core; S3. Glue the facing paper to both sides of the board core with a phenolic resin adhesive, and perform hot pressing at a temperature of 40° C. to make the facing paper and the board core tightly bonded, and then cut and trim the bonded paper-faced gypsum board.

[0035] Example 3 A paper-faced gypsum board comprises a board core and face paper bonded to both sides of the board core, wherein the face paper is log pulp paper, and the raw material components and proportions of the board core are shown in Table 1. Among them, the modified ammonium polyphosphate is the modified ammonium polyphosphate prepared in Preparation Example 3, and the foaming agent is azodicarbonamide.

[0036] The gypsum board is prepared by the following method: S1. Mix gypsum clinker, fly ash, glass fiber, silica aerogel particles, methyl silicone oil, starch, modified ammonium polyphosphate, foaming agent, water reducer, retarder and water, and send them into a stirring device and stir them at a speed of 40 r / min for 7 minutes to form a uniform slurry; S2. Pour the slurry into the mold, distribute the slurry evenly by vibration or scraper, and expel bubbles, and wait for the slurry to solidify and form a board core; S3. Glue the facing paper to both sides of the board core with a phenolic resin adhesive, and perform hot pressing at a temperature of 40° C. to make the facing paper and the board core tightly bonded, and then cut and trim the bonded paper-faced gypsum board.

[0037] Table 1 Raw material components and dosage of the plate core in Examples 1-3 (kg)

[0038] Example 4 A gypsum board, which is different from Example 3 in that the board core raw materials in this example also include 10 kg of perlite soil, and the perlite soil is added in step S1 during the preparation of the gypsum board.

[0039] Example 5 A gypsum board, which is different from Example 3 in that the board core raw materials in this example also include 15 kg of perlite soil, and the perlite soil is added in step S1 during the preparation of the gypsum board.

[0040] Example 6 A gypsum board, which differs from Example 3 in that the board core raw materials in this example also include 20 kg of perlite soil, and the perlite soil is added in step S1 during the preparation of the gypsum board.

[0041] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 The gypsum board was prepared according to the method specified in Example 1 of the patent document with publication number CN112679178B and titled "A paper-faced gypsum board".

[0042] Comparative Example 2 A gypsum board, which is different from Example 3 in that the modified ammonium polyphosphate is the modified ammonium polyphosphate prepared in Preparation Example 4.

[0043] Comparative Example 3 A gypsum board with a paper surface, which is different from Example 3 in that the modified ammonium polyphosphate is the modified ammonium polyphosphate prepared in Preparation Example 5.

[0044] Comparative Example 4 A gypsum board, which is different from Example 3 in that unmodified ammonium polyphosphate is used instead of modified ammonium polyphosphate.

[0045] Performance testing The performance tests were conducted on the 15 mm thick gypsum boards prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0046] Table 2 Test results of gypsum board in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4

[0047] Combining Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the fire stability of the gypsum boards prepared in the examples of the present application is maintained at more than 230 minutes, while the fire stability of the gypsum boards in Comparative Example 1 is only 32 minutes, indicating that the gypsum boards in the examples of the present application have better flame retardant properties, and the flame retardant properties are enhanced without affecting the mechanical properties of the gypsum boards.

[0048] Comparing Example 4-6 with Example 3, it can be seen that Example 4-6 adds different amounts of perlite to the core material. As the amount of perlite added increases, the fire stability of the gypsum board also shows an upward trend, increasing from 262 minutes to 268 minutes. This shows that the addition of perlite further enhances the flame retardant properties of the gypsum board. In addition, mechanical properties such as breaking load, shear force and impact toughness are also improved, indicating that the addition of perlite improves the overall strength and durability of the gypsum board to a certain extent.

[0049] Comparative Examples 2 and 3 respectively used the modified ammonium polyphosphate prepared in Preparation Examples 4 and 5. As a result, the fire stability of the gypsum board was relatively low. Specifically, the fire stability of Comparative Example 2 was 165 minutes, and that of Comparative Example 3 was 196 minutes. This shows that the method for preparing the modified ammonium polyphosphate and the selection of raw materials have an important influence on the flame retardant properties of the gypsum board.

[0050] Finally, in Comparative Example 4, unmodified ammonium polyphosphate was used instead of modified ammonium polyphosphate. Its fire stability was only 95 minutes, which was much lower than the fire stability of the gypsum board in Examples 1-3. This further proves the effectiveness of modified ammonium polyphosphate in improving the flame retardant properties of paper-faced gypsum board.

[0051] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed. However, as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it shall be protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A paper-faced gypsum board, comprising a board core and facing papers bonded to both sides of the board core, characterized in that: The core comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of gypsum clinker; 20-30 parts of fly ash; Glass fiber 5-10 parts; 5-10 parts of silica aerogel particles; 1-5 parts of methyl silicone oil; 1-5 parts starch; Modified ammonium polyphosphate 0.2-3 parts; 0.2-3 parts of foaming agent; Water reducing agent 0.2-3 parts; Retarder 0.2-3 parts; 30-50 parts water; The modified ammonium polyphosphate is obtained by modifying ammonium polyphosphate with aluminum triisopropoxide.

2. The gypsum board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified ammonium polyphosphate is prepared by the following method: A. After mixing β-alanine, acetone, ammonium polyphosphate and deionized water, the pH value of the mixed system is adjusted to 8 with ammonia water to obtain a premixed solution; B. Add emulsifier to the premixed liquid, heat to 50°C, stir and react for 10-20 minutes, then add aluminum triisopropoxide, heat to 60°C, continue stirring for 2-4 hours, then filter, wash and dry to obtain modified ammonium polyphosphate.

3. The gypsum board according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A, the mass ratio of β-alanine, acetone, ammonium polyphosphate and deionized water is (0.5-1):2:1:

5.

4. The gypsum board according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step B, the emulsifier is sodium stearate, and the amount of the emulsifier added is 3%-5% of the mass of the ammonium polyphosphate.

5. The gypsum board according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amount of aluminum triisopropoxide added in step B is 6%-10% of the mass of ammonium polyphosphate.

6. The gypsum board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent is any one of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium bicarbonate and azodicarbonamide or a combination of several thereof.

7. The gypsum board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the board core also include 10-20 parts of pearlite soil.

8. The gypsum board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the silica aerogel particles is 5-50 nm.

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