Organic fertilizer for agricultural planting and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of organic fertilizers, in particular to an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of poor growth and development, limited yield and low quality of crops caused by the fact that the existing organic fertilizer often has nutritional ingredient imbalance and cannot meet the diversified nutritional requirements of the crops in the whole growth period. According to the preparation method, crop waste is converted into the fertilizer rich in organic matters through a natural fermentation process, the fertilizer is rich in nutrient elements required by growth of various crops, comprehensive requirements of growth of the crops can be met, use of chemical fertilizers can be greatly reduced, meanwhile, the soil structure can be improved, the water and fertilizer retention capacity of soil can be enhanced, and the soil fertility can be improved; the compound fertilizer can promote full penetration of root systems, improve ecological balance of soil microorganisms, promote effective utilization of the fertilizer by plants, improve ecological environment, significantly improve yield and quality of crops, and ensure economic benefits of agricultural planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of organic fertilizers, and in particular to an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Although traditional chemical fertilizers can increase crop yields, they often release toxic and harmful fertilizers into the environment, causing soil degradation, water pollution, destruction of soil microbial communities, and soil nutrient imbalance, which seriously affects the long-term productivity of the soil and poses health risks to humans and animals through indirect contact with the soil.

[0003] Organic fertilizers are gaining more and more attention in agricultural production and environmental protection due to their environmental friendliness, sustainability and advantages in mitigating environmental pollution. As people's requirements for living environment increase, the use of environmentally friendly fertilizers has become a trend in agricultural development. However, current organic fertilizers, such as simple livestock and poultry manure compost, are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other macronutrients, but often have imbalanced nutrients and cannot meet the diverse nutritional needs of crops throughout their growth period, resulting in poor crop growth and development, limited yield and declining quality.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that the existing organic fertilizers often have imbalanced nutrients and cannot meet the diverse nutritional needs of crops throughout their growth period, resulting in poor crop growth and development, limited yield, and declining quality.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0008] 42-50 parts of crop waste, 20-28 parts of animal manure, 3-7 parts of composite microbial agents, 4-12 parts of inorganic substances and 3-13 parts of composite reinforcing materials;

[0009] Wherein, the composite reinforcement material is prepared by the following steps:

[0010] Step a1: adding seaweed powder and ethanol solution into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air guide tube and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen protection, stirring the reaction for 10-15 minutes at a temperature of 25-30°C and a stirring rate of 300-400r / min, then heating to reflux and continuing to stir the reaction for 3-5 hours, and after the reaction is completed, cooling the reaction product to room temperature, then vacuum filtering, rotary evaporating the filtrate to remove the solvent, and then placing it in a vacuum drying oven and drying it at a temperature of 30-35°C for 5-6 hours to obtain a seaweed extract;

[0011] Step a2: Add activated carbon and nitric acid solution into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, stir and react for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of 25-30°C and a stirring rate of 300-400r / min, then heat to 60-65°C and continue stirring and reacting for 10-15 hours. After the reaction is completed, cool the reaction product to room temperature, then centrifuge, wash the precipitate with distilled water for 3-5 times, then place it in a vacuum drying oven, and dry it at a temperature of 60-65°C for 4-5 hours to obtain expanded pore activated carbon;

[0012] Step a3: Add seaweed extract and deionized water into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, stir and react for 10-20 minutes at a temperature of 25-30°C and a stirring rate of 300-400 r / min, then add expanded activated carbon and continue stirring and reacting for 2-3 hours. After the reaction is completed, freeze-dry the reaction product to obtain loaded activated carbon;

[0013] Step a4: crush the pineapple leaves and add them to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, then add sodium hydroxide solution, introduce nitrogen protection, stir and react for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of 25-30° C. and a stirring rate of 300-400 r / min, then heat to 80-85° C. and continue to stir and react for 3-5 hours, after the reaction is completed, cool the reaction product to room temperature, then centrifuge, add the precipitate to a nitric acid solution and soak for 20-30 hours, then centrifuge, wash the precipitate with hydrochloric acid solution, sodium carbonate solution and distilled water for 3-5 times in sequence, then place it in a vacuum drying oven, and dry it at a temperature of 40-45° C. for 7-8 hours to obtain a pineapple leaf extract;

[0014] Step a5: Add acrylic acid and deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air guide tube and a constant pressure dropping funnel, introduce nitrogen protection, stir and react for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of 25-30°C and a stirring rate of 300-400r / min, then add potassium hydroxide solution dropwise while stirring, and control the dropping rate to 1-2 drops / s, until the pH is 7, then add pineapple leaf extract, methylene bisacrylamide and potassium persulfate, and continue to stir and react for 20-30 minutes, then add loaded activated carbon and continue to stir and react for 2-3 hours under the condition of heating to 80-85°C, and after the reaction is completed, cool the reaction product to room temperature, then place it in a vacuum drying oven, dry it at a temperature of 60-65°C for 10-15 hours, and then crush it to obtain a composite reinforcement material.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the seaweed powder and the ethanol solution in step a1 is 10g:80-100mL.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the seaweed powder in step a1 is obtained by drying seaweed and crushing it through a 20-50 mesh sieve; the seaweed is one of Sargassum, Sargassum fusiformis, Sargassum fusiformis and Ascophyllum nodosum; the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 90-95%.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the activated carbon and the nitric acid solution in step a2 is 5g:50-60mL.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the mass fraction of the nitric acid solution in step a2 is 30-35%.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the seaweed extract, deionized water and pore-enlarged activated carbon in step a3 is 1-7g:80-100mL:10g.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the pineapple leaves and the sodium hydroxide solution in step a4 is 10g:100-120mL.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution in step a4 is 3-5%; the mass fraction of the nitric acid solution is 3-5%; the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid solution is 5-7%; and the mass fraction of the sodium carbonate solution is 2-3%.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the acrylic acid, deionized water, pineapple leaf extract, methylene bisacrylamide, potassium persulfate and loaded activated carbon in step a5 is 10g:70-80mL:2.1-4.7g:0.3-1.1g:0.1-0.2g:10-20g.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention: the mass fraction of the potassium hydroxide solution in step a5 is 15-20%.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention: a method for preparing organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Weigh 42-50 parts of crop waste, 20-28 parts of animal feces, 3-7 parts of composite microbial agent, 4-12 parts of inorganic substances and 3-13 parts of composite reinforcing materials according to weight, and set aside;

[0026] Step 2: Evenly mix the crop waste, animal feces, composite microbial agent, inorganic substance and composite reinforcing material to obtain a mixed material;

[0027] Step 3: The mixed material is piled and fermented for 17-25 days at a fermentation temperature of 50-55° C. and a moisture content of 55-60% to obtain a fermented material;

[0028] Step 4: Dry the fermented material with 45°C low-temperature airflow to a moisture content of ≤12%, and then grind it to obtain an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting with a particle size of 1-3mm.

[0029] As a further solution of the present invention: the crop waste is a mixture of corn stalks, rice husks, rapeseed husks and peanut husks in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention: the animal manure is a mixture of chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure in a mass ratio of 3:1:1.

[0031] As a further solution of the present invention: the composite microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast, actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria in a mass ratio of 5:1:1:3:2.

[0032] As a further solution of the present invention: the viable count of the composite microbial agent is ≥ 2×10 10 CFU / g.

[0033] As a further solution of the present invention: the inorganic substance is a mixture of phosphate rock powder, shell powder, potassium feldspar powder and diatomaceous earth in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:1.

[0034] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0035] The invention discloses an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing crop waste, animal excrement, composite microbial agent, inorganic substance and composite reinforcing material to obtain a mixed material, piling the mixed material for fermentation to obtain a fermented material, drying the fermented material through low-temperature air flow, and then pulverizing the material to obtain an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting. The preparation method converts crop waste into a fertilizer rich in organic matter through a natural fermentation process. The fertilizer is rich in nutrient elements required for the growth of various crops and can meet the comprehensive needs of crop growth, thereby greatly reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, thereby reducing the harm of chemical fertilizer residues in the soil to crops. Meanwhile, the method can improve soil structure, enhance soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, improve soil fertility, promote full root penetration, improve soil microbial ecological balance, promote effective fertilizer utilization by plants, and improve the ecological environment. The preparation method is simple and easy to implement, has a wide source of raw materials, is easy to promote and apply, and can significantly improve the yield and quality of crops, thereby ensuring the economic benefits of agricultural planting.

[0036] In the process of preparing organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, a composite reinforcing material is first prepared. First, seaweed powder is used as a raw material to extract it to obtain seaweed extract. Then, activated carbon is treated with a nitric acid solution to remove impurities and expand the pores of the activated carbon to obtain expanded pore activated carbon. Then, the seaweed extract is loaded on the expanded pore activated carbon to fill the micropores therein to obtain loaded activated carbon. Then, pineapple leaves are used as a raw material for extraction to extract cellulose to obtain pineapple leaf extract. Then, acrylic acid, pineapple leaf extract and methylene bisacrylamide are used as polymerization monomers to form a polymer, and the polymer is wrapped on the outer surface of the loaded activated carbon to obtain a composite reinforcing material. The composite reinforcing material is a core-shell structure, and its shell structure is a polymer with excellent water absorption and water retention properties, which improves the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil. It can fully guarantee the water demand in the process of crop planting and promote the growth of crops. The pineapple leaf cellulose has excellent biodegradability under the action of the pineapple leaf cellulose. The microbial degradation process can also enhance soil fertility. Its core structure is loaded with activated carbon, and the micropores therein can improve soil aeration, significantly promote the activity of root microbial communities, improve soil microecology, efficiently decompose organic materials, and improve soil fertility conversion efficiency. At the same time, the loaded seaweed extract contains a large amount of non-nitrogen organic matter, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iodine and other mineral elements and rich vitamins, as well as seaweed polysaccharides, alginic acid, highly unsaturated fatty acids and a variety of natural plant growth regulators unique to seaweed, which can have beneficial effects on plant growth and soil improvement, and further significantly enhance the comprehensive performance of the soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] This embodiment is a method for preparing organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Step S1: adding 10 g of dried Sargassum grass leaf to obtain seaweed powder by crushing through a 20-mesh sieve and 80 mL of 90% ethanol solution by volume into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air duct and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen protection, stirring and reacting for 10 minutes at a temperature of 25° C. and a stirring rate of 300 r / min, then heating to reflux and continuing to stir and react for 3 hours, cooling the reaction product to room temperature after the reaction is completed, then vacuum filtering, rotary evaporating the filtrate to remove the solvent, and then placing it in a vacuum drying oven and drying it at a temperature of 30° C. for 5 hours to obtain a seaweed extract;

[0041] Step S2: 5 g of activated carbon and 50 mL of a 30% nitric acid solution are added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture is stirred at 25° C. and 300 r / min for 20 min, and then the mixture is heated to 60° C. and stirred for 10 h. After the reaction, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature, and then centrifuged. The precipitate is washed with distilled water for 3 times, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 60° C. for 4 h to obtain pore-enlarged activated carbon.

[0042] Step S3: 1 g of seaweed extract and 80 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred for reaction at 25° C. and a stirring rate of 300 r / min for 10 min. Then, 10 g of expanded pore activated carbon was added and the stirring reaction was continued for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was freeze-dried to obtain loaded activated carbon.

[0043] Step S4: 10 g of pineapple leaves are crushed and added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, then 100 mL of a 3% sodium hydroxide solution is added, nitrogen protection is introduced, and the mixture is stirred for reaction at a temperature of 25° C. and a stirring rate of 300 r / min for 20 min, then the mixture is heated to 80° C. and the stirring reaction is continued for 3 h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate is added to a 3% nitric acid solution and soaked for 20 h, then centrifuged, and the precipitate is washed three times with a 5% hydrochloric acid solution, a 2% sodium carbonate solution and distilled water in sequence, then placed in a vacuum drying oven, and dried at a temperature of 40° C. for 7 h to obtain a pineapple leaf extract;

[0044] Step S5: 10 g of acrylic acid and 70 mL of deionized water are added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air guide tube and a constant pressure dropping funnel, and nitrogen protection is introduced. The mixture is stirred and reacted for 20 min at a temperature of 25 ° C and a stirring rate of 300 r / min. Then, a potassium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 15% is added dropwise while stirring, and the dropping rate is controlled to be 1 drop / s. After the pH reaches 7, 2.1 g of pineapple leaf extract, 0.3 g of methylene bisacrylamide and 0.1 g of potassium persulfate are added and the stirring reaction is continued for 20 min. Then, 10 g of loaded activated carbon is added and the temperature is raised to 80 ° C and the stirring reaction is continued for 2 h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven, dried at a temperature of 60 ° C for 10 h, and then crushed to obtain a composite reinforcement material;

[0045] Step S6: 42 parts of crop waste, 20 parts of animal feces, 3 parts of composite microbial agent, 4 parts of inorganic substances and 3 parts of composite reinforcing materials are weighed in parts by weight for later use; the crop waste is a mixture of corn stalks, rice husks, rapeseed husks and peanut husks in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1; the animal feces is a mixture of chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure in a mass ratio of 3:1:1; the composite microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast, actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria in a mass ratio of 5:1:1:3:2, and the number of viable bacteria is ≥2×10 10 CFU / g; the inorganic substance is a mixture of phosphate rock powder, shell powder, potassium feldspar powder and diatomaceous earth in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:1;

[0046] Step S7: uniformly mixing the crop waste, animal excrement, composite microbial agent, inorganic substance and composite reinforcing material to obtain a mixed material;

[0047] Step S8: stacking and fermenting the mixed material for 17 days at a fermentation temperature of 50° C. and a moisture content of 55% to obtain a fermented material;

[0048] Step S9: drying the fermented material with a low-temperature airflow at 45° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, and then pulverizing the material to obtain an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting with a particle size of 3 mm.

[0049] Embodiment 2:

[0050] This embodiment is a method for preparing organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step S1: adding 10 g of dried Sargassum fusiformis to obtain seaweed powder obtained by crushing it through a 35-mesh sieve and 90 mL of 92% ethanol solution by volume to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air duct and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen protection, stirring the reaction for 12 minutes at a temperature of 28° C. and a stirring rate of 350 r / min, then heating to reflux and continuing to stir the reaction for 4 hours, and after the reaction is completed, cooling the reaction product to room temperature, then vacuum filtering, rotary evaporating the filtrate to remove the solvent, and then placing it in a vacuum drying oven and drying it at a temperature of 32° C. for 5.5 hours to obtain a seaweed extract;

[0052] Step S2: 5 g of activated carbon and 55 mL of a 32% nitric acid solution were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred at 28° C. and 350 r / min for 25 min, and then the mixture was heated to 62° C. and stirred for 12 h. After the reaction, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature, and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed with distilled water for 4 times, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 62° C. for 4.5 h to obtain pore-enlarged activated carbon.

[0053] Step S3: 4 g of seaweed extract and 90 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and stirred for reaction at a temperature of 28° C. and a stirring rate of 350 r / min for 15 min, and then 10 g of expanded pore activated carbon was added and continued to stir for 2.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was freeze-dried to obtain loaded activated carbon;

[0054] Step S4: 10 g of pineapple leaves are crushed and added to a three-necked flask equipped with an agitator, a thermometer and an air guide tube, then 110 mL of a 4% sodium hydroxide solution is added, nitrogen protection is introduced, and the mixture is stirred for reaction at 28° C. and a stirring rate of 350 r / min for 25 min, then the mixture is heated to 82° C. and the stirring reaction is continued for 4 h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate is added to a 4% nitric acid solution and soaked for 25 h, then centrifuged, and the precipitate is washed 4 times with a 6% hydrochloric acid solution, a 2.5% sodium carbonate solution and distilled water in sequence, then placed in a vacuum drying oven, and dried at 42° C. for 7.5 h to obtain a pineapple leaf extract;

[0055] Step S5: 10 g of acrylic acid and 75 mL of deionized water are added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air guide tube and a constant pressure dropping funnel, and nitrogen protection is introduced. The reaction is stirred for 25 min at a temperature of 28 ° C and a stirring rate of 350 r / min, and then a potassium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 18% is added dropwise while stirring, and the dropping rate is controlled to be 1 drop / s. After the pH reaches 7, 3.4 g of pineapple leaf extract, 0.7 g of methylene bisacrylamide and 0.15 g of potassium persulfate are added, and the stirring reaction is continued for 25 min. Then, 15 g of loaded activated carbon is added and the temperature is raised to 82 ° C. The stirring reaction is continued for 2.5 h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven, dried at a temperature of 62 ° C for 12 h, and then crushed to obtain a composite reinforcement material;

[0056] Step S6: 46 parts of crop waste, 24 parts of animal feces, 5 parts of composite microbial agent, 8 parts of inorganic substances and 8 parts of composite reinforcing materials are weighed in parts by weight for later use; the crop waste is a mixture of corn stalks, rice husks, rapeseed husks and peanut husks in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1; the animal feces is a mixture of chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure in a mass ratio of 3:1:1; the composite microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast, actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria in a mass ratio of 5:1:1:3:2, and the number of viable bacteria is ≥2×10 10 CFU / g; the inorganic substance is a mixture of phosphate rock powder, shell powder, potassium feldspar powder and diatomaceous earth in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:1;

[0057] Step S7: uniformly mixing the crop waste, animal excrement, composite microbial agent, inorganic substance and composite reinforcing material to obtain a mixed material;

[0058] Step S8: stacking and fermenting the mixed material for 21 days at a fermentation temperature of 52° C. and a moisture content of 58% to obtain a fermented material;

[0059] Step S9: drying the fermented material with a low-temperature airflow at 45° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, and then pulverizing the material to obtain an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting with a particle size of 2 mm.

[0060] Embodiment 3:

[0061] This embodiment is a method for preparing organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step S1: adding 10g of dried Ascophyllum nodosum to obtain seaweed powder by crushing through a 50-mesh sieve and 100mL of 95% ethanol solution into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air duct and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen protection, stirring the reaction for 15min at a temperature of 30°C and a stirring rate of 400r / min, then heating to reflux and continuing to stir the reaction for 5h, cooling the reaction product to room temperature after the reaction is completed, then vacuum filtering, rotary evaporating the filtrate to remove the solvent, then placing it in a vacuum drying oven, and drying it at a temperature of 35°C for 6h to obtain a seaweed extract;

[0063] Step S2: 5 g of activated carbon and 60 mL of a 35% nitric acid solution were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred at 30° C. and 400 r / min for 30 min, and then the mixture was heated to 65° C. and stirred for 15 h. After the reaction, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed with distilled water for 5 times, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 65° C. for 5 h to obtain pore-enlarged activated carbon.

[0064] Step S3: 7 g of seaweed extract and 100 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred for reaction at a temperature of 30° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 20 min. Then, 10 g of expanded pore activated carbon was added and the stirring reaction was continued for 3 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was freeze-dried to obtain loaded activated carbon;

[0065] Step S4: 10 g of pineapple leaves are crushed and added to a three-necked flask equipped with an agitator, a thermometer and an air guide tube, then 120 mL of a 5% sodium hydroxide solution is added, nitrogen protection is introduced, and the mixture is stirred for reaction at a temperature of 30° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 30 min, then the mixture is heated to 85° C. and the stirring reaction is continued for 5 h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate is added to a 5% nitric acid solution and soaked for 30 h, then centrifuged, and the precipitate is washed 5 times with a 7% hydrochloric acid solution, a 3% sodium carbonate solution and distilled water in sequence, then placed in a vacuum drying oven, and dried at a temperature of 45° C. for 8 h to obtain a pineapple leaf extract;

[0066] Step S5: 10 g of acrylic acid and 80 mL of deionized water are added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air guide tube and a constant pressure dropping funnel, and nitrogen protection is introduced. The mixture is stirred and reacted for 30 min at a temperature of 30 ° C and a stirring rate of 400 r / min. Then, a potassium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 20% is added dropwise while stirring, and the dropping rate is controlled to be 2 drops / s. After the pH reaches 7, 4.7 g of pineapple leaf extract, 1.1 g of methylene bisacrylamide and 0.2 g of potassium persulfate are added and the stirring reaction is continued for 30 min. Then, 20 g of loaded activated carbon is added and the temperature is raised to 85 ° C and the stirring reaction is continued for 3 h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven, dried at a temperature of 65 ° C for 15 h, and then crushed to obtain a composite reinforcement material;

[0067] Step S6: 50 parts of crop waste, 28 parts of animal feces, 7 parts of composite microbial agent, 12 parts of inorganic substances and 13 parts of composite reinforcing materials are weighed in parts by weight for later use; the crop waste is a mixture of corn stalks, rice husks, rapeseed husks and peanut husks in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1; the animal feces is a mixture of chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure in a mass ratio of 3:1:1; the composite microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast, actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria in a mass ratio of 5:1:1:3:2, and the number of viable bacteria is ≥2×10 10 CFU / g; the inorganic substance is a mixture of phosphate rock powder, shell powder, potassium feldspar powder and diatomaceous earth in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:1;

[0068] Step S7: uniformly mixing the crop waste, animal excrement, composite microbial agent, inorganic substance and composite reinforcing material to obtain a mixed material;

[0069] Step S8: stacking and fermenting the mixed material for 25 days at a fermentation temperature of 55° C. and a moisture content of 60% to obtain a fermented material;

[0070] Step S9: drying the fermented material with a low-temperature airflow at 45° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, and then pulverizing the material to obtain an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting with a particle size of 1 mm.

[0071] Comparative Example 1:

[0072] This comparative example is a method for preparing an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, comprising the following steps:

[0073] Step S1: 50 parts of crop waste, 28 parts of animal feces, 7 parts of composite microbial agent and 12 parts of inorganic substances are weighed in parts by weight for later use; the crop waste is a mixture of corn stalks, rice husks, rapeseed husks and peanut husks in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1; the animal feces is a mixture of chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure in a mass ratio of 3:1:1; the composite microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast, actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria in a mass ratio of 5:1:1:3:2, and the number of viable bacteria is ≥2×10 10 CFU / g; the inorganic substance is a mixture of phosphate rock powder, shell powder, potassium feldspar powder and diatomaceous earth in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:1;

[0074] Step S2: uniformly mixing the crop waste, animal excrement, composite microbial agent and inorganic substances to obtain a mixed material;

[0075] Step S3: stacking and fermenting the mixed material for 25 days at a fermentation temperature of 55° C. and a moisture content of 60% to obtain a fermented material;

[0076] Step S4: drying the fermented material with a low-temperature airflow at 45° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, and then pulverizing the material to obtain an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting with a particle size of 1 mm.

[0077] Comparative Example 2:

[0078] This comparative example is a method for preparing an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, comprising the following steps:

[0079] Step S1: 10g of pineapple leaves are crushed and added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, then 120mL of a 5% sodium hydroxide solution is added, nitrogen protection is introduced, and the mixture is stirred for reaction for 30min at a temperature of 30°C and a stirring rate of 400r / min, then the mixture is heated to 85°C and the stirring reaction is continued for 5h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate is added to a 5% nitric acid solution and soaked for 30h, then centrifuged, and the precipitate is washed 5 times with a 7% hydrochloric acid solution, a 3% sodium carbonate solution and distilled water in sequence, then placed in a vacuum drying oven, and dried at a temperature of 45°C for 8h to obtain a pineapple leaf extract;

[0080] Step S2: 10 g of acrylic acid and 80 mL of deionized water are added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air guide tube and a constant pressure dropping funnel, and nitrogen is introduced for protection. The mixture is stirred and reacted for 30 min at a temperature of 30° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min. Then, a potassium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 20% is added dropwise while stirring, and the dropping rate is controlled to be 2 drops / s. After the pH reaches 7, 4.7 g of pineapple leaf extract, 1.1 g of methylene bisacrylamide and 0.2 g of potassium persulfate are added, and the stirring reaction is continued for 30 min. Then, the mixture is heated to 85° C. and the stirring reaction is continued for 3 h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven, dried at a temperature of 65° C. for 15 h, and then crushed to obtain a composite reinforcement material;

[0081] Step S3: 50 parts of crop waste, 28 parts of animal feces, 7 parts of composite microbial agent, 12 parts of inorganic substances and 13 parts of composite reinforcing materials are weighed in parts by weight for later use; the crop waste is a mixture of corn stalks, rice husks, rapeseed husks and peanut husks in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1; the animal feces is a mixture of chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure in a mass ratio of 3:1:1; the composite microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast, actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria in a mass ratio of 5:1:1:3:2, and the number of viable bacteria is ≥2×10 10 CFU / g; the inorganic substance is a mixture of phosphate rock powder, shell powder, potassium feldspar powder and diatomaceous earth in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:1;

[0082] Step S4: uniformly mixing the crop waste, animal excrement, composite microbial agent, inorganic substance and composite reinforcing material to obtain a mixed material;

[0083] Step S5: stacking and fermenting the mixed material for 25 days at a fermentation temperature of 55° C. and a moisture content of 60% to obtain a fermented material;

[0084] Step S6: Dry the fermented material with 45° C. low-temperature airflow to a moisture content of ≤12%, and then grind it to obtain an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting with a particle size of 1 mm.

[0085] Comparative Example 3:

[0086] This comparative example is a method for preparing an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, comprising the following steps:

[0087] Step S1: adding 10g of dried Ascophyllum nodosum to obtain seaweed powder by crushing through a 50-mesh sieve and 100mL of 95% ethanol solution into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air duct and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen protection, stirring the reaction for 15min at a temperature of 30°C and a stirring rate of 400r / min, then heating to reflux and continuing to stir the reaction for 5h, cooling the reaction product to room temperature after the reaction is completed, then vacuum filtering, rotary evaporating the filtrate to remove the solvent, then placing it in a vacuum drying oven, and drying it at a temperature of 35°C for 6h to obtain a seaweed extract;

[0088] Step S2: 5 g of activated carbon and 60 mL of a 35% nitric acid solution were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred at 30° C. and 400 r / min for 30 min, and then the mixture was heated to 65° C. and stirred for 15 h. After the reaction, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed with distilled water for 5 times, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 65° C. for 5 h to obtain pore-enlarged activated carbon.

[0089] Step S3: 7 g of seaweed extract and 100 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred for reaction at a temperature of 30° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 20 min. Then, 10 g of expanded pore activated carbon was added and the stirring reaction was continued for 3 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was freeze-dried to obtain loaded activated carbon;

[0090] Step S4: 50 parts of crop waste, 28 parts of animal feces, 7 parts of composite microbial agent, 12 parts of inorganic substances and 13 parts of loaded activated carbon are weighed in parts by weight for later use; the crop waste is a mixture of corn stalks, rice husks, rapeseed husks and peanut husks in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1; the animal feces is a mixture of chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure in a mass ratio of 3:1:1; the composite microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast, actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria in a mass ratio of 5:1:1:3:2, and the number of viable bacteria is ≥2×10 10CFU / g; the inorganic substance is a mixture of phosphate rock powder, shell powder, potassium feldspar powder and diatomaceous earth in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:1;

[0091] Step S5: uniformly mixing the crop waste, animal feces, composite microbial agent, inorganic substance and loaded activated carbon to obtain a mixed material;

[0092] Step S6: stacking and fermenting the mixed material for 25 days at a fermentation temperature of 55° C. and a moisture content of 60% to obtain a fermented material;

[0093] Step S7: drying the fermented material with a low-temperature airflow at 45° C. to a moisture content of ≤12%, and then pulverizing the material to obtain an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting with a particle size of 1 mm.

[0094] The performance of the organic fertilizers for agricultural planting of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested. Tomatoes were planted in different experimental plots. The tomato variety was "Jingcai No. 8" and the planting density was 40,000 plants / hm2. 2 , where 60m is required for each experimental plot 2 Count the production of the plot and convert it into 667m 2 per mu yield.

[0095] The test results are shown in the following table:

[0096] sample Fertilizer application rate, kg / mu Plot yield, kg Yield per mu, kg Yield increase, % Example 1 10 498.6 5542.8 16.85 Example 2 10 506.3 5628.4 18.65 Example 3 10 513.0 5702.9 20.22 Comparative Example 1 10 445.3 4950.3 4.36 Comparative Example 2 10 482.9 5368.2 13.17 Comparative Example 3 10 474.8 5278.2 11.27 Blank example No fertilizer applied 426.7 4743.5 /

[0097] Referring to the data in the above table, it can be known that adding the organic fertilizer for agricultural planting of the present application has a significant yield-increasing effect and greatly improves the yield increase rate.

[0098] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0099] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined in this application, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, characterized in that: It comprises the following components in parts by weight: 42-50 parts of crop waste, 20-28 parts of animal manure, 3-7 parts of composite microbial agents, 4-12 parts of inorganic substances and 3-13 parts of composite reinforcing materials; Wherein, the composite reinforcement material is prepared by the following steps: Step a1: adding seaweed powder and ethanol solution into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air guide tube and a reflux condenser, introducing nitrogen protection, stirring the reaction for 10-15 minutes at a temperature of 25-30°C and a stirring rate of 300-400r / min, then heating to reflux and continuing to stir the reaction for 3-5 hours, and after the reaction is completed, cooling the reaction product to room temperature, then vacuum filtering, rotary evaporating the filtrate to remove the solvent, and then placing it in a vacuum drying oven and drying it at a temperature of 30-35°C for 5-6 hours to obtain a seaweed extract; Step a2: Add activated carbon and nitric acid solution into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, stir and react for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of 25-30°C and a stirring rate of 300-400r / min, then heat to 60-65°C and continue stirring and reacting for 10-15 hours. After the reaction is completed, cool the reaction product to room temperature, then centrifuge, wash the precipitate with distilled water for 3-5 times, then place it in a vacuum drying oven, and dry it at a temperature of 60-65°C for 4-5 hours to obtain expanded pore activated carbon; Step a3: Add seaweed extract and deionized water into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, stir and react for 10-20 minutes at a temperature of 25-30°C and a stirring rate of 300-400 r / min, then add expanded activated carbon and continue stirring and reacting for 2-3 hours. After the reaction is completed, freeze-dry the reaction product to obtain loaded activated carbon; Step a4: crush the pineapple leaves and add them to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, then add sodium hydroxide solution, introduce nitrogen protection, stir and react for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of 25-30° C. and a stirring rate of 300-400 r / min, then heat to 80-85° C. and continue to stir and react for 3-5 hours, after the reaction is completed, cool the reaction product to room temperature, then centrifuge, add the precipitate to a nitric acid solution and soak for 20-30 hours, then centrifuge, wash the precipitate with hydrochloric acid solution, sodium carbonate solution and distilled water for 3-5 times in sequence, then place it in a vacuum drying oven, and dry it at a temperature of 40-45° C. for 7-8 hours to obtain a pineapple leaf extract; Step a5: Add acrylic acid and deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, an air guide tube and a constant pressure dropping funnel, introduce nitrogen protection, stir and react for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of 25-30°C and a stirring rate of 300-400r / min, then add potassium hydroxide solution dropwise while stirring, and control the dropping rate to 1-2 drops / s, until the pH is 7, then add pineapple leaf extract, methylene bisacrylamide and potassium persulfate, and continue to stir and react for 20-30 minutes, then add loaded activated carbon and continue to stir and react for 2-3 hours under the condition of heating to 80-85°C, and after the reaction is completed, cool the reaction product to room temperature, then place it in a vacuum drying oven, dry it at a temperature of 60-65°C for 10-15 hours, and then crush it to obtain a composite reinforcement material.

2. The organic fertilizer for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the seaweed powder and the ethanol solution in step a1 is 10g:80-100mL; the seaweed powder is obtained by crushing dried seaweed through a 20-50 mesh sieve; the seaweed is one of Sargassum, Sargassum fusiformis, Sargassum fusiformis and Ascophyllum nodosum; and the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 90-95%.

3. The organic fertilizer for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the activated carbon and the nitric acid solution in step a2 is 5g:50-60mL; the mass fraction of the nitric acid solution is 30-35%.

4. The organic fertilizer for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the seaweed extract, deionized water and pore-enlarged activated carbon in step a3 is 1-7g:80-100mL:10g.

5. The organic fertilizer for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the pineapple leaves and the sodium hydroxide solution in step a4 is 10g:100-120mL; the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution is 3-5%; the mass fraction of the nitric acid solution is 3-5%; the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid solution is 5-7%; and the mass fraction of the sodium carbonate solution is 2-3%.

6. The organic fertilizer for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the acrylic acid, deionized water, pineapple leaf extract, methylene bisacrylamide, potassium persulfate and loaded activated carbon in step a5 is 10g:70-80mL:2.1-4.7g:0.3-1.1g:0.1-0.2g:10-20g; the mass fraction of the potassium hydroxide solution is 15-20%.

7. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Weigh 42-50 parts of crop waste, 20-28 parts of animal feces, 3-7 parts of composite microbial agent, 4-12 parts of inorganic substances and 3-13 parts of composite reinforcing materials according to weight, and set aside; Step 2: Evenly mix the crop waste, animal feces, composite microbial agent, inorganic substance and composite reinforcing material to obtain a mixed material; Step 3: The mixed material is piled and fermented for 17-25 days at a fermentation temperature of 50-55° C. and a moisture content of 55-60% to obtain a fermented material; Step 4: Dry the fermented material with 45°C low-temperature airflow to a moisture content of ≤12%, and then grind it to obtain an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting with a particle size of 1-3mm.

8. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The crop waste is a mixture of corn stalks, rice husks, rapeseed husks and peanut husks in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1; the animal manure is a mixture of chicken manure, cow manure and sheep manure in a mass ratio of 3:1:

1.

9. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The composite microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, yeast, actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria in a mass ratio of 5:1:1:3:2; the number of viable bacteria of the composite microbial agent is ≥2×10 10 CFU / g.

10. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer for agricultural planting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inorganic substance is a mixture of phosphate rock powder, shell powder, potassium feldspar powder and diatomaceous earth in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:1.