3D printing material, preparation method and 3D printing method

Abstract

The invention provides a 3D printing material, a preparation method and a 3D printing method. The 3D printing material comprises a base material, a processing aid and a filling modifier. The filling modifier is insoluble in the substrate and the processing aid, and does not melt during printing. Meanwhile, the particle size of the filling modifier has target particle size distribution. A part printed with the 3D printing material at the speed smaller than or equal to 50 mm / s has the first glossiness. A part printed by the 3D printing material at the speed larger than 150 mm / s has second glossiness, and the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness is smaller than or equal to 10, so that when the 3D printing material is used for printing, the glossiness of the printed part is insensitive to the printing speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing materials, and in particular to a 3D printing material, a preparation method and a 3D printing method. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing technology has been widely used and welcomed in many fields due to its flexibility and efficiency. However, in the printing process, in order to balance printing efficiency and detail accuracy, different parts may need to adjust the printing speed. For example, fine parts are usually printed at low speed to ensure higher dimensional accuracy, while large-area structures can be printed at high speed to save time. This change in speed significantly affects the surface texture of the final product. Specifically, the high-speed printing part often has a rougher surface, while the low-speed printing area is smoother and more delicate, resulting in uneven surface texture of the finished product. High-quality 3D printing materials need to be able to maintain a stable surface gloss after cooling at different printing speeds to ensure that the surface texture of the final product is uniform and smooth.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for a 3D printing material that can improve the consistency of 3D printed parts. Summary of the invention The present application provides a 3D printing material, a preparation method and a 3D printing method, wherein a filler modifier is added to the 3D printing material so that when a part is printed with the 3D printing material, the glossiness of the part is insensitive to the printing speed. That is, the glossiness of the part printed with the 3D printing material at a low speed is substantially the same as that of the part printed at a high speed.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a 3D printing material, comprising a substrate; a processing aid; and a filler modifier, which is insoluble in the substrate and the processing aid and does not melt during the printing process; the particle size of the filler modifier has a target particle size distribution, wherein: a part printed by the 3D printing material at a speed of less than or equal to 50 mm / s has a first glossiness, a part printed by the 3D printing material at a speed of greater than 150 mm / s has a second glossiness, and the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness is less than or equal to 10.

[0005] According to some embodiments of the present application, the target particle size distribution is such that the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness is less than or equal to 10.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present application, the content of the substrate is 50wt%-90wt%; the content of the processing aid is 0-5wt%; and the content of the filling modifier is 5wt%-30wt%.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present application, the target particle size distribution is: the particle size range of the filling modifier is between 3-80 microns.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the target particle size distribution is: the particle size range of the filling modifier is between 30-50 microns.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the filling modifier includes: a first filler and a second filler; or a first filler, a second filler and a third filler; wherein the particle size range of the first filler is 15-30 microns; the particle size range of the second filler is 40-80 microns; and the particle size range of the third filler is 3-10 microns.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the content of the first filler is 5wt%-30wt%; the content of the second filler is 5wt%-20wt%; and the content of the third filler is 0wt%-20wt%.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the filling modifier includes an inorganic filler and an organic filler; the inorganic filler includes at least one of talc, calcium carbonate, silica, kaolin, clay or glass microspheres; and the organic filler includes an organic matting agent.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the substrate includes at least one of polylactic acid, polyethylene terephthalate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate copolymer, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate or polyamide.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the processing aid includes at least one of an antioxidant, an anti-hydrolysis agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant or a chain extender.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the 3D printing material is a masterbatch or a filament.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a 3D printing material, comprising: obtaining a substrate, a processing aid and a filling modifier, the filling modifier comprising at least a first filler having a particle size range of 15-30 microns, and a second filler having a particle size range of 40-80 microns; mixing the filling modifier with the substrate and the processing aid at a preset content to obtain a blended composite material including the filling modifier; heating the blended composite material to melt and extruding to obtain a 3D printing material as described in any one of the first aspects above, wherein the 3D printing material contains the filling modifier having a particle size range of 15-80 microns.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the 3D printing material includes a 3D printing masterbatch, and the step of heating the blended composite material to melt and extruding to obtain the 3D printing material includes: heating the blended composite material to a fluid state, extruding it into particles, and obtaining the 3D printing masterbatch.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the 3D printing material also includes a 3D printing wire, and the step of heating the blended composite material to melt and extruding to obtain the 3D printing material further includes: heating the 3D printing masterbatch again to melt and extruding to obtain the 3D printing wire.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the filler modifier further includes a third filler having a particle size ranging from 3 to 10 microns.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the content of the first filler is 10wt%-30wt%; the content of the second filler is 10wt%-20wt%; and the content of the third filler is 0wt%-20wt%.

[0020] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a 3D printing method, comprising: loading the 3D printing material described in any one of the first aspects into a 3D printer; and printing a target object using the 3D printing material, and controlling the printing speed between 10 mm / s and 300 mm / s. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional flow rate of the molten 3D printing material during extrusion according to an embodiment of the present specification is shown; Figure 2 A method for preparing a 3D printing material according to an embodiment of this specification is shown; Figure 3 A 3D printing method provided according to an embodiment of the present specification is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following description provides specific application scenarios and requirements of the present disclosure, with the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to make and use the contents of the present disclosure. Various local modifications to the disclosed embodiments are apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments shown, but to the widest scope consistent with the claims.

[0024] The terms used herein are only used for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments and are not restrictive. For example, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may also include plural forms. When used in the present disclosure, the terms "include", "comprise" and / or "contain" mean to refer to the associated integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the existence of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups or other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups may be added in the system / method.

[0025] In the present application, "X includes at least one of A, B, or C" means that X includes at least A, or X includes at least B, or X includes at least C. That is, X may include only any combination of A, B, and C, or may include any combination of A, B, and C and other possible contents / elements at the same time. The any combination of A, B, and C may be A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC.

[0026] In view of the following description, these and other features of the present disclosure, as well as the operation and function of the related elements of the structure, and the economy of the combination and manufacture of the parts can be significantly improved. The description also includes all figures and text in the present disclosure with reference to the drawings, all of which form a part of the present disclosure. However, it should be clearly understood that the drawings are for illustration and description purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should also be understood that the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0027] In the 3D printing process, in order to balance printing efficiency and detail accuracy, different parts of the component may need to adjust the printing speed for printing. The printing speed has a significant impact on the microscopic surface roughness and glossiness of the component. Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional flow rate of the molten 3D printing material during extrusion according to an embodiment of the present specification. Figure 1As shown in the figure, the cross-sectional flow rate of the molten 3D printing material (melt) is not uniform during the extrusion process. The melt close to the inner wall of the printer nozzle is pulled by the inner wall and has a slow flow rate, while the melt close to the nozzle axis has a fast flow rate. In this way, the flow rate of the melt in the cross section is inconsistent when flowing from the printer nozzle, and the melt is subjected to shear force. Therefore, the flow rate of the melt in the cross section is uneven at the moment it is extruded from the nozzle. After being extruded from the nozzle, the melt loses its boundary constraint, and eddies will be generated when it is extruded from the nozzle when the flow rate is uneven, which causes the outer surface of the melt to not maintain the shape of the inner diameter of the printer nozzle after being extruded, but become rough. The faster the printing speed, the faster the melt is extruded, the greater the shear force on the melt during extrusion, and the worse the surface finish of the melt after extrusion.

[0028] Specifically, at low printing speeds, the shear rate to which the melt of 3D printing materials is subjected is small, and the surface presents a smooth texture. As the printing speed increases, the shear rate to which the melt is subjected becomes larger, and the smooth texture of the melt gradually disappears, and a "shark skin" phenomenon occurs on the surface of the melt, thus producing a surface similar to a "matte" texture. This uneven surface texture problem caused by changes in printing speed not only affects the aesthetics of the product, but may also have a negative impact on its mechanical properties.

[0029] In view of this point, the present disclosure provides a 3D printing material. When the melt of the 3D printing material is extruded from the printer nozzle, its surface glossiness is not sensitive to the printing speed. Therefore, whether it is subjected to a small shear force at a low speed or a large shear force at a high speed, the surface glossiness of the melt of the 3D printing material is similar (for example, 3, 5 or 10). In this way, the printed parts formed at different printing speeds have a substantially consistent surface microstructure after cooling.

[0030] The 3D printing material can be in the form of a masterbatch. As a concentrated carrier of the basic material, the masterbatch can be prepared into various high-performance filaments through precision processing to meet different 3D printing needs. The 3D printing material can also be in the form of a filament. The filament participates in printing as the final form and directly determines the quality and performance of the printed parts.

[0031] The 3D printing material includes a substrate, a processing aid and a filler modifier. Among them, in the 3D printing material, the substrate is the main body to provide the basic structure for molding. The processing aid is used to improve the processing performance of the substrate to optimize the printing process. The filler modifier can enhance the performance of the printed part and achieve uniform surface texture. The substrate, processing aid and filler modifier complement each other and jointly determine the processability of the 3D printing material, the performance and appearance of the final molded part.

[0032] In the 3D printing material, the base material, the processing aid and the filling modifier are added in a preset ratio. Specifically, the weight ratio (also referred to as the content) of the base material to the overall weight of the 3D printing material is 50wt%-90wt%. For example, the content of the base material can be 50wt%-60wt%, 60wt%-70wt%, 70wt%-80wt% or 80wt%-90wt%. The content of the filling modifier is 5wt%-30wt%. For example, the content of the filling modifier is 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-15wt%, 15wt%-20wt% or 20wt%-30wt%. The content of the processing aid is 0-5wt%. For example, the content of the processing aid is 0-1wt%, 1-2wt%, 2-3wt%, 3-4wt% or 4-5wt%.

[0033] The substrate can be a variety of thermoplastic polymers. Specifically, the substrate can include at least one of polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate copolymer (PETG), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate copolymer (ASA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyamide (PA, also known as nylon). These materials are widely used in the field of 3D printing due to their excellent melt forming properties, mechanical strength and heat resistance, providing basic structural support and functional guarantee for printed parts. Those skilled in the art should understand that the substrate can also be other thermoplastic polymers, which will not be elaborated here.

[0034] Processing aids can improve the processing properties of the substrate. Further, the processing aid includes at least one of an antioxidant, an anti-hydrolysis agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant or a chain extender. In some embodiments, the processing aid also includes a stabilizer, an antistatic agent, and a dispersant. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned processing aids are only a few of the many processing aids, and the present disclosure does not limit the materials of the specific processing aids, and other processing aids are also within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0035] The function of the filler modifier includes but is not limited to adjusting the surface reflectivity of the parts printed at different speeds. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the filler modifier may include an inorganic filler and an organic filler. Further, the inorganic filler includes at least one of talc, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, kaolin, clay or glass microspheres. The organic filler includes an organic matting agent.

[0036] As mentioned above, in 3D printing, the printing speed has a significant effect on the microscopic glossiness of the parts. For example, when printing at a low speed (such as a printing speed of less than 50 mm / s), the nozzle moves slowly, the melt extrusion speed is also relatively slow, the shear force is small, and the vortex at the moment of extrusion is small. At the same time, the melt is slowly deposited, and the interlayer fusion is more complete. The surface of the part printed at this speed is relatively smooth. At this time, the printed part has a first glossiness. Under high-speed printing (such as a printing speed greater than 150 mm / s), the nozzle moves quickly, the melt extrusion speed also responds quickly, the shear force of the melt in the printing nozzle is large, and the vortex at the moment of extrusion of the nozzle is large, resulting in a rougher surface structure. At this time, the printed part has a second glossiness. When the 3D printing material does not contain a filler modifier, the first glossiness is significantly greater than the second glossiness. As mentioned above, the first glossiness makes the surface of the first part appear smooth; the second glossiness makes the surface of the second part appear "frosted" texture. When a certain amount of filler modifier is added to the 3D printing material, the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness can be reduced, so that the glossiness of the parts printed at different printing speeds tends to be consistent. It should be noted that the above printing speed is the movement speed of the 3D printing nozzle.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the filler modifier is insoluble in the substrate and the processing aid, and the melting temperature of the filler modifier is higher than the printing temperature of the 3D printing material, so it does not melt during the printing process. This characteristic enables the filler modifier to be uniformly dispersed in the 3D printing material in the form of solid particles during the printing process. On the one hand, the insoluble and infusible filler modifier reduces the sensitivity of the cross-sectional flow rate of the 3D printing material melt to the shear force; on the other hand, it makes the particle size distribution and spatial arrangement of the filler modifier not significantly change due to temperature or speed changes regardless of high-speed printing or low-speed printing conditions, thereby avoiding the difference in surface texture caused by migration, aggregation or performance fluctuations of the filler modifier. This stability ensures that the surface of the printed part can maintain a uniform and consistent microscopic surface roughness at different printing speeds. The roughness of the microscopic surface is reflected in the macroscopic glossiness. When the roughness is close to or greater than the surface roughness caused by the shear force when the melt is extruded at a certain speed, the glossiness of the 3D printing material is not affected by the extrusion speed, thereby achieving the uniformity of the printing gloss below the printing speed.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in addition to the insoluble and infusible characteristics, if the particle size of the filling modifier has a certain particle size distribution, the effect of the printing speed on the glossiness of the printed parts can be further reduced. Experiments have found that the surface glossiness of the 3D printing material after being extruded and cooled by the printer nozzle at different speeds is also related to the particle size distribution of the solid particles in the filling modifier. When a filling modifier with a target particle size distribution is added to the 3D printing material, the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness can be further reduced. The target particle size distribution can be a designed particle size distribution that can achieve a substantially uniform surface texture of the printed parts under low-speed printing and high-speed printing. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the difference in glossiness between the first part printed at a low speed and the second part printed at a high speed is less than or equal to a preset value, it can be considered that the surface texture of the parts is substantially uniform. This design can achieve a higher degree of closeness between the glossiness of low-speed and high-speed prints, and improve the appearance quality and process adaptability of the prints.

[0039] In some embodiments, the low-speed printing is a printing speed of less than or equal to 50 mm / s. The high-speed printing is a printing speed greater than 150 mm / s. The preset value of the difference in glossiness of the components can be set to 10. For example, the component printed at a speed less than 50 mm / s by the 3D printing material has a first glossiness, and the component printed at a speed greater than 150 mm / s has a second glossiness. Then the target particle size distribution can be such that the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness is less than or equal to 10.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the target particle size distribution range of the filler modifier can be between 3-80 microns. For example, the particle size range of the filler modifier is between 3-15, 15-30, 30-50 and / or 50-80 microns. In some embodiments, the target particle size distribution is: the particle size range of the filler modifier is between 30-50 microns. For example, the particle size range of the filler modifier is between 30-40 and / or 40-50 microns.

[0041] In some embodiments, the filler modifier includes a first filler and a second filler. In other embodiments, the filler modifier may also include a first filler, a second filler, and a third filler. Wherein, the particle size range of the first filler is 15-30 microns. For example, the particle size range of the first filler is 15-20, 20-25 and / or 25-30 microns. The particle size range of the second filler is 40-80 microns. For example, the particle size range of the second filler is 40-50, 50-60, 60-70 and / or 70-80 microns. The particle size range of the third filler is 3-10 microns. For example, the particle size range of the third filler is 3-5, 5-7 and / or 7-10 microns.

[0042] Further, the content of the first filler is 5wt%-30wt%. For example, the content of the first filler is 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-20wt% or 20wt%-30wt%. The content of the second filler is 5wt%-20wt%. For example, the content of the second filler is 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-15wt% or 15wt%-20wt%. The content of the third filler is 0wt%-20wt%. For example, the content of the third filler is 0wt%-5wt%, 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-15wt% or 15wt%-20wt%. It should be noted that the above content refers to the weight ratio of the first filler, the second filler and / or the third filler to the 3D printing material.

[0043] Table 1. Surface differences of parts printed with different filler modifiers at low printing speed

[0044] Table 1 shows the surface differences of parts printed by adding different filling modifiers under low-speed printing provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Table 1, when printing at a low speed, the surface of the printed part is relatively smooth. When no filling modifier is added, the surface of the printed part reflects a higher proportion of light, thereby presenting a bright texture. After adding a filling modifier with a single particle size distribution, the surface of the printed part has a certain roughness and can scatter light. Therefore, the glossiness of the surface of the printed part will be reduced, presenting a surface texture of the printed part with a certain roughness. However, in this case, although the glossiness of the surface of the printed part is reduced, the glossiness of the surface of the printed part will not be completely absent, and some glossiness will still be retained. After adding a filling modifier with a target particle size distribution as described above, the roughness of the surface of the printed part is further increased, forming a strong light scattering effect. The light on the surface of the printed part is uniformly diffusely reflected. This scattering makes the light distribution softer and more uniform, visually presenting a matte and low-reflection effect, thereby forming a highly uniform matte texture on the surface of the printed part, achieving consistency and optimization of the surface texture.

[0045] Table 2. Surface differences of parts printed with different filler modifiers at high speed

[0046] Table 2 shows the surface differences of parts printed by adding different filler modifiers under high-speed printing provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Table 2, the surface of the printed part is relatively rough during high-speed printing. When no filler modifier is added, due to the high surface roughness, the surface of the printed part scatters light in a random manner, thereby presenting an uneven texture. After adding a filler modifier with a single particle size distribution, the surface roughness of the printed part is reduced, and the light scattering becomes more regular and concentrated. However, in this case, although the roughness of the surface of the printed part is reduced, the light scattering on the surface of the printed part will not be completely uniform and regular, and there will still be uneven and irregular situations. After adding a filler modifier with a target particle size distribution as described above, particles of different particle sizes work together to make the surface roughness more uniform. The light on the surface of the printed part is uniform diffuse reflection. This scattering makes the light distribution softer and more uniform, and visually presents a matte and low-reflection effect, thereby forming a highly uniform matte matte texture on the surface of the printed part, achieving consistency and optimization of the surface texture.

[0047] It can be seen that the different particle size distributions of the solid particles in the filler modifier will result in different gloss differences between the parts printed at high speed and those printed at low speed. Therefore, different preset values ​​of the gloss difference can be set to reflect the requirements for gloss consistency, and filler modifiers with different particle size distributions can be developed according to the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0048] The composition and characteristics of the 3D printing material provided by the present disclosure are introduced above. In addition, the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing the 3D printing material. Figure 2 A method P200 for preparing 3D printing materials according to an embodiment of this specification is shown. The method P200 comprises the following steps: S210: Obtaining a base material, a processing aid and a filling modifier.

[0049] This step prepares the raw materials of the 3D printing material. The substrate, processing aid and filler modifier have been introduced above and will not be repeated here.

[0050] S220: Mixing the filler modifier with the base material and the processing aid at a preset content to obtain a blended composite material including the filler modifier.

[0051] Wherein, the base material, processing aid and filler modifier can be added according to the preset ratio described in the first aspect above, which will not be described in detail here. By fully mixing the base material, processing aid and filler modifier according to the preset content, it can be ensured that the filler modifier is evenly distributed in the 3D printing masterbatch, avoiding the problem of uneven dispersion that may be caused by direct mixing.

[0052] In addition, as mentioned above, the filling modifier includes at least a first filler with a particle size range of 15-30 microns, and a second filler with a particle size range of 40-80 microns. Specifically, the filling modifier may include a first filler and a second filler. Wherein, the particle size range of the first filler is 15-30 microns. For example, the particle size range of the first filler may be 15-20, 20-25 and / or 25-30 microns. The particle size range of the second filler is 40-80 microns. For example, the particle size range of the second filler is 40-50, 50-60, 60-70 and / or 70-80 microns. In some embodiments, the filling modifier also includes a third filler with a particle size range of 3-10 microns. Specifically, the filling modifier may include a first filler, a second filler and a third filler. Wherein, the first filler and the second filler are the same as above and will not be repeated. The particle size range of the third filler is 3-10 microns. For example, the particle size of the third filler is in the range of 3-5, 5-7 and / or 7-10 microns.

[0053] Further, the content of the first filler is 5wt%-30wt%. For example, the content of the first filler is 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-20wt% or 20wt%-30wt%. The content of the second filler is 5wt%-20wt%. For example, the content of the second filler is 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-15wt% or 15wt%-20wt%. The content of the third filler is 0wt%-20wt%. For example, the content of the third filler is 0wt%-5wt%, 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-15wt% or 15wt%-20wt%. It should be noted that the above content refers to the weight ratio of the first filler, the second filler and / or the third filler to the 3D printing material.

[0054] S230: After obtaining the blended composite material, the staff can add the blended composite material to the extrusion equipment and heat it to a fluid state, and then extrude it into granules to obtain a primary masterbatch. After that, the extruded melt is cooled and cut into uniform particles to obtain the final 3D printing masterbatch. The 3D printing masterbatch contains a filler modifier with a particle size range of 15-80 microns. Among them, the staff can use a twin-screw processing equipment to extrude the blended composite material into granules. By preparing the masterbatch first, the batching steps in the wire extrusion process can be simplified, the fluctuations in the production process can be reduced, and the production efficiency and product quality stability can be improved. At the same time, the production staff can flexibly adjust the formula of the wire in the process of preparing the masterbatch to meet different 3D printing application requirements.

[0055] In some embodiments, the 3D printing masterbatch is further processed into wire. At this time, the method further includes: S240: Dry the 3D printing masterbatch to remove moisture and prevent bubbles or other defects in subsequent processing.

[0056] S250: placing the dried 3D printing masterbatch into an extrusion device, heating it again until it is melted, and extruding it to obtain a 3D printing wire. The extrusion device may be a single screw extruder.

[0057] The 3D printing material and preparation method provided by the present disclosure are introduced above. In addition, the present disclosure also provides a 3D printing method. Figure 3 A 3D printing method P300 provided according to an embodiment of this specification is shown. The method P300 includes the following steps: S310: Loading the above 3D printing materials into the 3D printer.

[0058] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the 3D printing material may be the masterbatch introduced above, or may be the filament introduced above.

[0059] S320: Printing a target object using the 3D printing material, and controlling the printing speed between 10 mm / s and 300 mm / s.

[0060] During the printing process, the printing speed is controlled between 10mm / s and 300mm / s. This speed range can not only ensure printing accuracy, but also improve production efficiency, avoiding problems such as time waste due to too slow speed or material breakage and insufficient interlayer bonding due to too fast speed. At the same time, within this printing speed range, printing with 3D printing materials can maintain a uniform surface texture of the printed parts.

[0061] The following are specific examples of compositions designed according to the above contents of the present disclosure. It should be clear that the following examples are only for illustrating the 3D printing materials, preparation methods and 3D printing methods disclosed above, and the specific implementation methods and parameters used therein are only one or several methods among the many parameters and methods described above. Those skilled in the art can use other parameters according to the contents introduced in the present disclosure to perform 3D printing according to the above method without deviating from the core spirit disclosed in the application.

[0062] (1) Model printing conditions: nozzle temperature, 220°C, 230°C; printing speed, 50 mm / s, 100 mm / s, 150 mm / s, 200 mm / s, 250 mm / s, 300 mm / s; nozzle diameter, 0.4 mm; layer height, 0.2 mm; line width, 0.4 mm; printer type, BambuLab A1 printer.

[0063] Comparative Example 1: No filler modifier is added. The base material is PLA, and the content of the base material is 93 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%.

[0064] Comparative Example 2: Adding a filler modifier with a single particle size dispersion (first filler). The base material is PLA, and the content of the base material is 63 wt%. The content of the first filler is 30 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%.

[0065] Example 1: Adding filler modifiers with multiple particle size dispersions (first filler, second filler and third filler). The base material is PLA, and the content of the base material is 63 wt%; the content of the first filler is 10 wt%. The content of the second filler is 10 wt%. The content of the third filler is 10 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%.

[0066] (2) Model printing conditions: Printing speed: 50 mm / s, 100 mm / s, 150 mm / s, 200 mm / s, 250 mm / s, 300 mm / s; nozzle diameter, 0.4 mm; layer height, 0.2 mm; line width, 0.4 mm; printer type, Bambu Lab P1S printer.

[0067] Comparative Example 3: No filler modifier is added. The substrate is PETG, and the content of the substrate is 93wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5wt%.

[0068] Comparative Example 4: Adding a filler modifier with a single particle size dispersion (first filler). The substrate is PETG, and the content of the substrate is 63wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5wt%. The content of the first filler is 30wt%.

[0069] Example 2: Adding filler modifiers with multiple particle size dispersions (first filler, second filler and third filler). The substrate is PETG, and the content of the substrate is 63wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5wt%. The content of the first filler is 10wt%. The content of the second filler is 10wt%. The content of the third filler is 10wt%.

[0070] Example 3: Adding filler modifiers with multiple particle size dispersions (first filler, second filler and third filler). The substrate is PET, and the content of the substrate is 63wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5wt%. The content of the first filler is 10wt%. The content of the second filler is 10wt%. The content of the third filler is 10wt%.

[0071] Example 4: Adding filler modifiers with multiple particle size dispersions (first filler, second filler and third filler). The substrate is ABS, and the content of the substrate is 65wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5wt%. The content of the first filler is 10wt%. The content of the second filler is 10wt%. The content of the third filler is 10wt%.

[0072] Example 5: Adding filler modifiers with multiple particle size dispersions (first filler, second filler and third filler). The base material is ASA, and the content of the base material is 65wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5wt%. The content of the first filler is 10wt%. The content of the second filler is 10wt%. The content of the third filler is 10wt%.

[0073] (3) Model printing conditions: Printing speed: 50 mm / s, 100 mm / s, 150 mm / s, 200 mm / s, 250 mm / s, 300 mm / s; nozzle diameter, 0.4 mm; layer height, 0.2 mm; line width, 0.4 mm; printer type, Bambu Lab X1C printer.

[0074] Example 6: Adding filler modifiers with multiple particle size dispersions (first filler, second filler and third filler). The base material is PC, and the content of the base material is 63wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5wt%. The content of the first filler is 10wt%. The content of the second filler is 10wt%. The content of the third filler is 10wt%.

[0075] It should be noted that the first filler, the second filler and the third filler can be any filler modifier described above, which will not be described in detail here. The white masterbatch can be selected according to the type of specific substrate and the purpose of the 3D printing material, which is not limited here.

[0076] The surface roughness test method uses a roughness meter to test the glossiness (surface reflectivity value) of the printed part under different conditions. The greater the glossiness of the roughness tester, the higher the smoothness of the printed part surface, and the printed part presents a bright texture. The smaller the glossiness of the roughness tester, the lower the smoothness of the printed part surface, and the printed part presents a matte texture. The comparison results of the surface glossiness of the comparative example and the embodiment are shown in Table 3. It should be noted that the glossiness in Table 3 is measured at 85°.

[0077] Table 3. Glossiness of printed surface under different printing speed conditions

[0078] The above describes specific embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific order or a continuous order to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0079] In summary, after reading this detailed disclosure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the foregoing detailed disclosure may be presented only by way of example and may not be limiting. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the disclosure requires various reasonable changes, improvements, and modifications to the embodiments. These changes, improvements, and modifications are intended to be proposed by the disclosure and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.

[0080] In addition, certain terms in the present disclosure have been used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, "one embodiment", "embodiment" and / or "some embodiments" mean that specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, it can be emphasized and should be understood that two or more references to "embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "alternative embodiment" in various parts of the present disclosure do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics may be appropriately combined in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0081] It should be understood that in the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, in order to help understand a feature and for the purpose of simplifying the present disclosure, the present disclosure combines various features in a single embodiment, figure or its description. However, this does not mean that the combination of these features is necessary. When reading the present disclosure, it is entirely possible for those skilled in the art to extract some of the features and understand them as separate embodiments. In other words, the embodiments in the present disclosure can also be understood as the integration of multiple secondary embodiments. This is also true when the content of each secondary embodiment is less than all the features of a single aforementioned disclosed embodiment.

[0082] Each patent, patent application, publication of patent application, and other materials, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, documents, literature, etc., cited in this disclosure (excluding any historical review documents related thereto) is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes related to this disclosure, such as in the specification and claims of this disclosure. However, if there is any inconsistency or conflict between the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology of the above materials and the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology used in this disclosure, the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology used in this disclosure shall prevail.

[0083] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments of the application disclosed herein are explanations of the principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Other modified embodiments are also within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present disclosure are merely examples and not limitations. Those skilled in the art can adopt alternative configurations according to the embodiments in the present disclosure to realize the applications in the present disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the embodiments accurately described in the application.

Claims

1. A 3D printing material, characterized in that: include: Base material; Processing aids; as well as A filler modifier is insoluble in the substrate and the processing aid and does not melt during the printing process; the particle size of the filler modifier has a target particle size distribution, wherein: The part printed by the 3D printing material at a speed of less than or equal to 50 mm / s has a first glossiness, and the part printed by the 3D printing material at a speed of more than 150 mm / s has a second glossiness, and the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness is less than or equal to 10.

2. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, wherein the target particle size distribution is such that a difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness is less than or equal to 10.

3. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The content of the substrate is 50wt%-90wt%; The content of the processing aid is 0-5wt%; and The content of the filler modifier is 5wt%-30wt%.

4. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target particle size distribution is: the particle size range of the filler modifier is between 3-80 microns.

5. The 3D printing material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The target particle size distribution is: the particle size range of the filler modifier is between 30-50 microns.

6. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler modifier includes: a first filling and a second filling; or A first filler, a second filler, and a third filler; wherein The particle size of the first filler is in the range of 15-30 microns; The particle size of the second filler is in the range of 40-80 microns; The particle size of the third filler is in the range of 3-10 microns.

7. The 3D printing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: in: The content of the first filler is 5wt%-30wt%; The content of the second filler is 5wt%-20wt%; and The content of the third filler is 0wt%-20wt%.

8. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler modifier includes inorganic fillers and organic fillers; The inorganic filler includes at least one of talc, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, kaolin, clay or glass microspheres; The organic filler includes an organic matting agent.

9. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate includes at least one of polylactic acid, polyethylene terephthalate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate copolymer, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate or polyamide.

10. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing aid includes at least one of an antioxidant, an anti-hydrolysis agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant or a chain extender.

11. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 3D printing material is a masterbatch or a filament.

12. A method for preparing 3D printing materials, characterized in that: include: Obtaining a substrate, a processing aid and a filler modifier, wherein the filler modifier comprises at least a first filler having a particle size range of 15-30 microns and a second filler having a particle size range of 40-80 microns; The filler modifier is mixed with a base material and a processing aid at a preset content to obtain a blended composite material including the filler modifier; The blended composite material is heated to be melted and extruded to obtain the 3D printing material according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the 3D printing material contains the filler modifier with a particle size range of 15 to 80 microns.

13. The preparation method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The 3D printing material includes a 3D printing masterbatch, and the blended composite material is heated to melt and extruded to obtain the 3D printing material, including: The blended composite material is heated to a fluid state, and extruded into granules to obtain the 3D printing masterbatch.

14. The preparation method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The 3D printing material also includes a 3D printing wire, and the mixed composite material is heated to melt and extruded to obtain the 3D printing material, and further includes: The 3D printing masterbatch is heated again until it is melted and extruded to obtain the 3D printing filament.

15. The preparation method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The filler modifier further comprises a third filler with a particle size ranging from 3 to 10 microns.

16. The preparation method according to claim 15, characterized in that: The content of the first filler is 5wt%-30wt%; The content of the second filler is 5wt%-20wt%; and The content of the third filler is 0wt%-20wt%.

17. A 3D printing method, characterized in that: include: Loading the 3D printing material according to any one of claims 1 to 11 into a 3D printer; as well as The target object is printed using the 3D printing material, and the printing speed is controlled between 10 mm / s and 300 mm / s.

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