Steel rail online electrolytic polishing device and polishing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel rail online electrolytic polishing device and a polishing method. The technical problems that a polishing area is small, and a polished surface is rough and uneven in an existing method are solved. The device comprises a liquid storage system, a PLC control system, a power supply system, a cathode moving system, a liquid supply system, a stirring system and a cooling system. The polishing method comprises the steps that the electrolytic polishing device is assembled to a service steel rail; acid liquor is pumped in to conduct acid pickling on the rail surface, and then cleaning is conducted; starting a cooling system to cool the electrolyte to a set temperature, and pumping the electrolyte into an electrolytic polishing pool; starting a stirring device, and moving the polishing electrode to a to-be-polished area; and starting a power supply to polish in a constant-voltage mode, then rapidly pumping out the electrolyte, and pumping alcohol to rapidly clean the rail surface to finish polishing. According to the electrolytic polishing device, all the parts are integrally controlled through the PLC, the functions of acid pickling, stirring, temperature control polishing, cleaning, waste liquid collection and the like are integrated, operation is easy and efficient, and high-quality overall surface online electrolytic polishing of the steel rail can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic polishing, in particular to an on-line electrolytic polishing device and a polishing method for a rail. Background Art

[0002] Under complex service conditions such as wheel-rail rolling contact and brake friction, rails will be deformed, peeled off, scratched, and damaged on the surface or sub-surface, which will deteriorate the stress state of the rails. Under repeated impact and friction stress, the internal residual stress of the rails changes. When the local residual stress is greater than the yield strength, microcracks will form on the surface of the rails, causing material degradation and seriously endangering the safety of train operation. Therefore, the detection and analysis of the organizational structure and residual stress on the surface of the rails is not only related to the safety of railway operations, but also directly affects the service life of the rails. The annual cost of maintenance and even replacement of damaged rails in my country has reached 8 billion yuan.

[0003] The characterization of the microstructure damage on the rail surface requires high-quality polishing of the rail surface. Since the diffraction penetration depth of X-rays is only about 10 microns, the use of X-ray technology to detect residual stress in rails requires that the rail surface is "fresh" and flat, and that the treatment method does not introduce additional stress.

[0004] Due to the particularity of the service rails, it is impossible to cut them for damage diagnosis and performance evaluation. Polishing the rail surface by mechanical grinding is often time-consuming and inefficient. In addition, mechanical grinding will also introduce large grinding and polishing stress, affect the microstructure of the material, change the stress distribution of the metal surface, and cause distortion of residual stress and other test results. Prior art, such as patent authorization number CN111424478A, discloses a rail grinding and polishing equipment for rail transit engineering. The purpose of the equipment is to remove surface damage and rust and maintain the safety of train operation. The polishing effect is poor, the metallographic structure cannot be observed, and a large grinding and polishing residual stress will be introduced on the polished surface. However, the electrolytic polishing method will not cause deformation on the sample surface, so there is no additional stress layer. High-quality, large-area electrolytic polishing of the rails in service is an important prerequisite for studying the surface damage and service evaluation of the rails. Prior art, such as patent authorization number CN105696065B, discloses a portable metallographic electrolytic polishing device. Although it can realize online electrolytic polishing of the rails, the polishing area is small (the polishing area is usually less than 3 cm 2 ), the polishing surface is rough and uneven (circular pits), and it is impossible to remove surface defects such as macro scratches and pitting on the workpiece surface, which affects the surface microstructure detection and residual stress analysis of the rail.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a rail online large-area, high-quality electrolytic polishing device and polishing method. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and propose an online electrolytic polishing device and polishing method for rails. In view of this, the present invention provides an online large-area, high-quality electrolytic polishing device and polishing method for rails. The electrolytic polishing device integrates various parts through a PLC controller, integrating functions such as pickling, rapid cleaning, stirring, temperature control polishing, and waste liquid collection. The polishing method is simple and efficient, and can achieve high-quality online electrolytic polishing of the entire surface of the serving rails, solving the technical problems of the existing method of small polishing area, rough and uneven polishing surface.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A rail online electrolytic polishing device, characterized in that it comprises: a liquid storage system, a PLC control system, a power supply system, a cathode moving system, a liquid supply system, a stirring system, and a cooling system;

[0009] The liquid storage system includes an electrolytic polishing tank, an electrolytic liquid tank, a pickling liquid tank, a cleaning liquid tank and a waste liquid tank; the electrolytic polishing tank is divided into two parts, which are connected by a hinge, a tightening screw is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic polishing tank, and a sealing strip is adhered to the connection between the two parts of the electrolytic polishing tank and the connection between the electrolytic polishing tank and the rail; a temperature sensor is installed at the lower part of the inner wall of the electrolytic liquid tank; the waste liquid tank is installed at the bottom of the electrolytic polishing tank through a slide;

[0010] The PLC control system is fixed on the side of the power supply system, and the power supply system is fixed on the side of the liquid storage system; the PLC control system is connected with the power supply system, cathode moving system, liquid supply system, stirring system, and cooling system;

[0011] The cathode moving system is above the liquid supply system and includes a slide table and a stainless steel cathode;

[0012] The liquid supply system includes a first acid-resistant pump, a second acid-resistant pump, a third acid-resistant pump and a fourth acid-resistant pump. The first acid-resistant pump is connected to the electrolytic polishing tank and the electrolyte tank through transport pipelines one and two, the second acid-resistant pump is connected to the electrolytic polishing tank and the pickling liquid tank through transport pipelines three and four, the third acid-resistant pump is connected to the electrolytic polishing tank and the cleaning liquid tank through transport pipelines five and six, and the fourth acid-resistant pump is connected to the electrolytic polishing tank and the waste liquid tank through transport pipelines seven and eight. The first, second and third electromagnetic reversing valves are provided between transport pipelines one and two, between transport pipelines three and four, and between transport pipelines five and six.

[0013] The stirring system is at the bottom of the inner wall of the motor polishing pool, and includes a driving motor and a stirring blade, and the stirring blade is connected to the driving motor;

[0014] The cooling system is installed below the electrolyte tank, and includes a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, a cooling block and a cooling fan. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet is installed below the electrolyte tank through sealant, and is in direct contact with the electrolyte to cool it. The cooling block is below the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, and conductive silicone is coated between the cooling block and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet. A cooling fan is installed below the cooling block.

[0015] Preferably, the electrolytic polishing tank is mounted on the rails by hinged opening and closing;

[0016] Preferably, the rail online electrolytic polishing device can be applied to 75 and 75N rails, with a polishing area of ​​70 cm 2 ~ 80 cm 2 ;

[0017] Preferably, the electrolytic polishing pool can be made of materials such as Teflon, acrylic and polyamide (PA);

[0018] Preferably, the length of the stainless steel cathode is 8 to 12 cm and the width is 5 to 8 cm;

[0019] Preferably, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet can control the electrolyte temperature below -30°C;

[0020] The present invention also discloses a rail online electrolytic polishing method, comprising the following steps:

[0021] 1) Connect the electrolytic polishing device to a regulated power supply and a computer;

[0022] 2) Install and fix the electrolytic polishing device on the rail, install the waste liquid tank on the electrolytic polishing tank, and fill the pickling tank, electrolyte tank and cleaning tank with electrolytic polishing liquid, pickling liquid and cleaning liquid;

[0023] 3) Start the liquid supply system to pump pickling liquid into the electrolytic polishing tank to pickle the rail surface. After pickling, pump the waste liquid into the waste liquid tank, and then pump the cleaning liquid into the electrolytic polishing tank to clean the rail surface.

[0024] 4) Turn on the refrigeration system, cool the electrolyte to a certain temperature, then pump the electrolyte into the electrolytic polishing tank, turn on the stirring system to rotate the stirring blades, turn on the cathode moving system to make the stainless steel cathode reciprocate, turn on the power system, adjust to the appropriate polishing voltage, and polish for a period of time;

[0025] 5) After polishing is completed, the electrolyte is pumped back into the electrolyte tank, and then the cleaning fluid is pumped into the electrolytic polishing tank to clean the surface of the rail and complete the polishing.

[0026] Preferably, the electrolytic polishing liquid is composed of perchloric acid and ethanol, the volume proportion of perchloric acid is 1 / 10 to 1 / 5, and the rest is ethanol; the pickling liquid is composed of hydrochloric acid and ethanol, the volume proportion of hydrochloric acid is 1 / 100 to 3 / 100, and the rest is ethanol; the cleaning liquid is ethanol;

[0027] Preferably, in step 4), the temperature of the electrolytic polishing solution is -30°C to -20°C;

[0028] Preferably, in step 4), the electrolytic polishing voltage is 30 V to 50 V, and the polishing time is 5 to 20 min.

[0029] The present invention adopting the above scheme has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. It can realize online electrolytic polishing of service rails. By designing an electrolytic polishing tank with an opening and closing hinge structure and a specific shape, the electrolytic polishing tank can be firmly installed on the rails, and the electrolytic polishing tank and the rails can be well sealed. By integrating pickling, rapid cleaning, stirring, temperature control polishing, waste liquid and other functions on the electrolytic polishing tank, the entire device can realize online electrolytic polishing of service rails.

[0031] 2. Portable, efficient and integrated. The electrolytic polishing device provided by the present invention is light and easy to carry, easy to disassemble and assemble, and equipped with a waste liquid storage device, which is convenient for electrolytic polishing treatment and residual stress detection of different damaged positions of the in-service rails; the electrolytic polishing device integrates the functions of pickling, rapid cleaning, stirring, temperature-controlled polishing, waste liquid, etc. through a PLC controller, which significantly improves the polishing efficiency.

[0032] 3. No stress introduction, large polishing area, and high polishing quality. Compared with traditional mechanical grinding and polishing, the electrolytic polishing device provided by the present invention does not introduce additional grinding and polishing stress, making the residual stress detection results true and reliable; compared with the existing portable electrolytic polishing device, the electrolytic polishing device and method provided by the present invention have a large polishing area, which can cover the entire rail surface, and the polishing quality is comparable to laboratory-level electrolytic polishing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the on-line electrolytic polishing device for rails provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2for Figure 1 Side view of.

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Front view of .

[0038] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the communication principle of the electrolytic polishing device provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the liquid supply system principle of the electrolytic polishing device provided by the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1-liquid storage system, 2-PLC control system, 3-power supply system, 4-cathode moving system, 5-liquid supply system, 6-stirring system, 7-cooling system, 101-electrolytic polishing tank, 102-electrolyte tank, 103-pickling tank, 104-cleaning tank, 105-waste tank, 106-hinge, 107-tightening screw, 108-sealing strip, 109-temperature sensor, 401-slide, 402-stainless steel cathode, 501-first acid-resistant pump, 502-second acid-resistant pump, 503- The third acid-resistant pump, 504-the fourth acid-resistant pump, 505-transport pipeline one, 506-transport pipeline two, 507-transport pipeline three, 508-transport pipeline four, 509-transport pipeline five, 510-transport pipeline six, 511-transport pipeline seven, 512-transport pipeline eight, 513-the first electromagnetic reversing valve, 514-the second electromagnetic reversing valve, 515-the second electromagnetic reversing valve, 601-driving motor, 602-stirring blades, 701-semiconductor refrigeration plate, 702-cooling block, 703-cooling fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only for exemplary descriptions, and only schematic diagrams are shown, not physical diagrams, and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the figures may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the figures.

[0042] The same or similar numbers in the figures of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the figure. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the figures are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an online electrolytic polishing device for rails, comprising: a liquid storage system 1, a PLC control system 2, a power supply system 3, a cathode moving system 4, a liquid supply system 5, a stirring system 6, and a cooling system 7;

[0046] The liquid storage system 1 includes an electrolytic polishing tank 101, an electrolytic liquid tank 102, a pickling liquid tank 103, a cleaning liquid tank 104 and a waste liquid tank 105; the electrolytic polishing tank 101 is divided into two parts, the two parts are connected by a hinge 106, a tightening screw 107 is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic polishing tank 101, and a sealing strip 108 is adhered to the connection between the two parts of the electrolytic polishing tank 101 and the connection between the electrolytic polishing tank and the rail; a temperature sensor 109 is installed at the lower part of the inner wall of the electrolytic liquid tank 102; the waste liquid tank 105 is installed at the bottom of the electrolytic polishing tank 101 through a slide;

[0047] The PLC control system 2 is fixed on the side of the power supply system 3, and the power supply system 3 is fixed on the side of the liquid storage system 1; Figure 5 As shown: the PLC control system 2 is connected with the power supply system 3, the cathode moving system 4, the liquid supply system 5, the stirring system 6, and the cooling system 7; during polishing, the PLC control system is connected with an external computer, and the specific components of each system are controlled by programming software, such as the driving motor of the cathode moving and stirring systems, the semiconductor cooling plate and the cooling fan of the cooling system, etc.;

[0048] The cathode moving system 4 is above the liquid supply system 1 and includes a slide 401 and a stainless steel cathode 402;

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown: the liquid supply system 5 includes a first acid-resistant pump 501, a second acid-resistant pump 502, a third acid-resistant pump 503 and a fourth acid-resistant pump 504. The first acid-resistant pump 501 is connected to the electrolytic polishing pool 101 and the electrolyte tank 102 through the transport pipelines 1 505 and 2 506. The second acid-resistant pump 502 is connected to the electrolytic polishing pool 101 and the pickling liquid tank 103 through the transport pipelines 3 507 and 4 508. The third acid-resistant pump 503 is connected to the electrolytic polishing pool 101 and the pickling liquid tank 103 through the transport pipelines 3 507 and 4 508. The fourth acid-resistant pump 504 is connected to the electrolytic polishing pool 101 and the cleaning liquid tank 104 through the transport pipelines 509 and 510, and the fourth acid-resistant pump 504 is connected to the electrolytic polishing pool 101 and the waste liquid tank 105 through the transport pipelines 511 and 512. The first 513, second 514 and third electromagnetic reversing valves 515 are provided between the transport pipelines 505 and 506, between the third 507 and the fourth 508, and between the fifth 509 and the sixth 510;

[0050] The stirring system 6 is at the bottom of the inner wall of the motor polishing pool 101, and includes a driving motor 601 and a stirring blade 602, and the stirring blade 602 is connected to the driving motor 601;

[0051] The cooling system 7 is installed below the electrolyte tank 102, and includes a semiconductor cooling sheet 701, a cooling block 702 and a cooling fan 703. The semiconductor cooling sheet 701 is installed below the electrolyte tank 102 through a sealant, and is in direct contact with the electrolyte to cool it. The cooling block 702 is below the semiconductor cooling sheet 701, and conductive silicone is coated between the cooling block 702 and the semiconductor cooling sheet 701. A cooling fan 703 is installed below the cooling block 702.

[0052] The electrolytic polishing tank 101 of the rail online electrolytic polishing device provided in this embodiment is installed on the rail by hinge 106;

[0053] The rail online electrolytic polishing device provided in this embodiment is suitable for 75 type rails;

[0054] The liquid storage system 1 of the rail online electrolytic polishing device provided in this embodiment is made of Teflon material;

[0055] The stainless steel cathode 402 of the rail online electrolytic polishing device provided in this embodiment has a length of 10 cm and a width of 7 cm;

[0056] The semiconductor cooling plate 701 of the rail online electrolytic polishing device provided in this embodiment can control the electrolyte temperature below -30°C;

[0057] This embodiment also provides a method for online electrolytic polishing of rails, the method comprising the following steps:

[0058] 1) Connect the electrolytic polishing device to a regulated power supply and a computer;

[0059] 2) The electrolytic polishing device is fixed on the rail, the waste liquid tank 105 is installed on the electrolytic polishing tank 101, and the electrolytic polishing liquid, the pickling liquid and the cleaning liquid are loaded into the pickling tank 102, the electrolyte tank 103 and the cleaning tank 104;

[0060] 3) Start the liquid supply system 5 to pump pickling liquid into the electrolytic polishing tank 101, pickle the rail surface for 5 minutes, pump the waste liquid into the waste liquid tank 105 after pickling, then pump the cleaning liquid into the electrolytic polishing tank 101, and pump the waste liquid into the waste liquid tank 105 after cleaning the rail surface.

[0061] 4) Turn on the refrigeration system 7, cool the electrolyte to -25 °C, pump the electrolyte into the electrolytic polishing pool 101, turn on the stirring system 6 to rotate the stirring blade 602, turn on the cathode moving system 4 to make the stainless steel cathode 402 reciprocate, turn on the power supply system 3, adjust the polishing voltage to 35 V, and polish for 10 min;

[0062] 5) After polishing is completed, the electrolyte is pumped back to the electrolyte tank 102, and then the cleaning liquid is pumped into the electrolytic polishing tank 101 to clean the surface of the rail and complete the polishing.

[0063] The electrolytic polishing method provided in this embodiment comprises an electrolytic polishing liquid composed of perchloric acid and ethanol, wherein the volume proportion of perchloric acid is 1 / 10 and the rest is ethanol; the pickling liquid comprises hydrochloric acid and ethanol, wherein the volume proportion of hydrochloric acid is 3 / 100 and the rest is ethanol; and the cleaning liquid is ethanol.

Claims

1. A rail online electrolytic polishing device, characterized in that: include: Liquid storage system, PLC control system, power supply system, cathode moving system, liquid supply system, stirring system, cooling system; The liquid storage system includes an electrolytic polishing tank, an electrolytic liquid tank, a pickling liquid tank, a cleaning liquid tank and a waste liquid tank; the electrolytic polishing tank is divided into two parts, which are connected by a hinge, a tightening screw is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic polishing tank, and a sealing strip is adhered to the connection between the two parts of the electrolytic polishing tank and the connection between the electrolytic polishing tank and the rail; a temperature sensor is installed at the lower part of the inner wall of the electrolytic liquid tank; the waste liquid tank is installed at the bottom of the electrolytic polishing tank through a slide; The PLC control system is fixed on the side of the power supply system, and the power supply system is fixed on the side of the liquid storage system; the PLC control system is connected with the power supply system, cathode moving system, liquid supply system, stirring system, and cooling system; The cathode moving system is above the liquid supply system and includes a slide table and a stainless steel cathode; The liquid supply system includes a first acid-resistant pump, a second acid-resistant pump, a third acid-resistant pump and a fourth acid-resistant pump. The first acid-resistant pump is connected to the electrolytic polishing tank and the electrolyte tank through a transport pipeline 1 and a transport pipeline 2. The second acid-resistant pump is connected to the electrolytic polishing tank and the pickling liquid tank through a transport pipeline 3 and a transport pipeline 4. The third acid-resistant pump is connected to the electrolytic polishing tank and the cleaning liquid tank through a transport pipeline 5 and a transport pipeline 6. The fourth acid-resistant pump is connected to the electrolytic polishing tank and the waste liquid tank through a transport pipeline 7 and a transport pipeline 8. A first electromagnetic reversing valve, a second electromagnetic reversing valve and a third electromagnetic reversing valve are provided between the transport pipeline 1 and the transport pipeline 2, between the transport pipeline 3 and the transport pipeline 4, and between the transport pipeline 5 and the transport pipeline 6. The stirring system is at the bottom of the inner wall of the motor polishing pool, and includes a driving motor and a stirring blade, and the stirring blade is connected to the driving motor; The cooling system is installed below the electrolyte tank, and includes a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, a cooling block and a cooling fan. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet is installed below the electrolyte tank through sealant, and is in direct contact with the electrolyte to cool it. The cooling block is below the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, and conductive silicone is coated between the cooling block and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet. A cooling fan is installed below the cooling block.

2. The rail online electrolytic polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic polishing tank is installed on the rail by hinge opening and closing.

3. The rail online electrolytic polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rail online electrolytic polishing device is suitable for 75 and 75N rails, with a polishing area of ​​70 cm 2 ~ 80 cm 2 .

4. The rail online electrolytic polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic polishing pool is made of Teflon, acrylic and polyamide (PA) materials.

5. The rail online electrolytic polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the stainless steel cathode is 8 to 12 cm and the width is 5 to 8 cm.

6. The rail online electrolytic polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semiconductor refrigeration sheet can control the electrolyte temperature below -30°C.

7. A method for online electrolytic polishing of rails using the electrolytic polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation includes the following steps: 1) Connect the electrolytic polishing device to a regulated power supply and a computer; 2) Install and fix the electrolytic polishing device on the rail, install the waste liquid tank on the electrolytic polishing tank, and fill the pickling tank, electrolyte tank and cleaning tank with electrolytic polishing liquid, pickling liquid and cleaning liquid respectively; 3) Start the liquid supply system to pump pickling liquid into the electrolytic polishing tank to pickle the rail surface. After pickling, pump the waste liquid into the waste liquid tank, and then pump the cleaning liquid into the electrolytic polishing tank to clean the rail surface; 4) Turn on the refrigeration system, cool the electrolyte to a certain temperature, then pump the electrolyte into the electrolytic polishing tank, turn on the stirring system to rotate the stirring blades, turn on the cathode moving system to make the stainless steel cathode reciprocate, turn on the power system, adjust to the appropriate polishing voltage, and polish for a period of time; 5) After polishing is completed, the electrolyte is pumped back into the electrolyte tank, and then the cleaning fluid is pumped into the electrolytic polishing tank to clean the surface of the rail and complete the polishing.

8. The method for on-line electrolytic polishing of rails according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electrolytic polishing liquid is composed of perchloric acid and ethanol, with the volume proportion of perchloric acid being 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 and the rest being ethanol; the pickling liquid is composed of hydrochloric acid and ethanol, with the volume proportion of hydrochloric acid being 1 / 100 to 3 / 100 and the rest being ethanol; the cleaning liquid is ethanol.

9. The method for online electrolytic polishing of rails according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 4), the temperature of the electrolytic polishing solution is -30 ℃ to -20 ℃.

10. The rail online electrolytic polishing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 4), the electrolytic polishing voltage is 30 V to 50 V, and the polishing time is 5 to 20 min.

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