Tunneling, supporting and anchoring integrated tunneling equipment and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses excavating, supporting and anchoring integrated excavating equipment which comprises a main body structure, a steering structure and an excavating structure, the steering structure is movably arranged on the main body structure, the steering structure rotates, and the excavating structure is fixedly arranged on the steering structure. The device has diversified shape inner wall machining and accurate shape control, the one-way moving time is shortened, and the device can be independently used to improve the flexibility and the adaptability to various working conditions; compared with existing equipment, the mode that the two soil biting units are relatively closed up and down or left and right to machine the tunnel with the rectangular inner wall can more accurately control the shape of the inner wall of the tunnel, the machining time is saved, and the swing frequency and range are reduced. The two soil biting units can be independently used, so that the use flexibility of the equipment is improved, and the equipment can adapt to different tunnel inner wall shapes by adjusting the working modes of the two soil biting units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling equipment, and in particular to tunneling equipment integrated with tunneling support and anchoring and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The tunneling equipment is an advanced coal mine or tunnel working mechanical equipment. The rotation axis of the cutting head of the existing equipment tunneling machine is perpendicular to the axis of the machine body of the tunneling equipment. This structure enables the cutting head to have a larger cutting range in the horizontal direction (left and right direction). For example, when tunneling a wide-section tunnel, the horizontal-axis cutting head can cut a wider rock surface by swinging left and right, but it is not conducive to processing tunnels with arched top walls;

[0003] The existing cutting head also has a longitudinal axis cutting head. The rotation axis of the cutting head is parallel to the body axis of the tunneling equipment. Its tools are distributed on the circumference and end face of the cutting head, forming a conical cutting trajectory when rotating; the shape of the longitudinal axis cutting head is usually a combination of cones and cylinders, and it can process the inner wall shape of the tunnel according to needs, such as arch or rectangle, etc. Due to its tapered shape, the processing cross-sectional area is small. When processing a rectangular inner wall tunnel, the required swing amplitude is large and the reciprocating frequency is high, which will extend the processing time. Therefore, a tunneling equipment integrating excavation, support and anchor and a working method thereof are designed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a tunneling device integrated with excavation support and anchoring and a working method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an integrated excavation, support and anchor tunneling equipment, comprising a main structure, a steering structure and a tunneling structure, wherein the steering structure is movably arranged on the main structure and the steering structure rotates, and the tunneling structure is fixedly arranged on the steering structure.

[0006] Preferably, the main structure includes a vehicle body, a crawler body, a soil guide body, a turntable, a rotating shaft, a first baffle, an electric slide rail, a second baffle and a support body;

[0007] The vehicle body is rectangular, the track body is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the vehicle body, and the track body drives the vehicle body to move, the soil guide body is inclinedly arranged on the left side of the vehicle body, the turntable is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the upper wall at the left end of the vehicle body, and the first bearing is embedded in the upper wall of the turntable, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly inserted in the middle part of the first bearing, one end of the first baffle is vertically arranged on the upper wall of the vehicle body and is located on the right side of the turntable, one end of the electric slide rail is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the vehicle body and is located on the right side of the first baffle, the second baffle is fixedly arranged on the electric slide rail, and the second baffle is in contact with the first baffle, and the second baffle is located above the first baffle, the support body is fixedly arranged on the upper wall at the right end of the vehicle body, and the height of the support body is adjustable.

[0008] Preferably, the steering structure includes a swivel seat, an arm, a turning frame, a first motor, a first hydraulic cylinder, a pair of adapter frames, a pair of bearing frames and a pair of second hydraulic cylinders;

[0009] The swivel seat is a semicircular structure, the swivel seat is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and the swivel seat is located above the turntable, one end of the arm frame is fixedly arranged in the middle of the left side wall of the swivel seat, the turning frame is a concave structure, and the length of one end is greater than the length of the other end, the middle part of the turning frame is a cavity structure, one end of the turning frame is movably arranged in the other end of the arm frame, the first motor is fixedly arranged in the middle of the turning frame and the first motor driving end movably passes through the left side wall of the turning frame, one end of the first hydraulic cylinder is movably connected in the middle of the arm frame, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is obliquely movably connected to the other end of the turning frame, one end of a pair of adapter frames is respectively fixedly arranged on the front and rear side walls of the swivel seat, and the adapter frames correspond to the rotating shaft respectively, one end of a pair of supporting frames is respectively fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the vehicle body, and are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the swivel seat, one end of a pair of second hydraulic cylinders is respectively movably arranged on the other end of the supporting frame, and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is respectively movably connected to the other end of the adapter frame.

[0010] Preferably, the excavation structure comprises a main body box, a third hydraulic cylinder, a rack and a pair of excavation components;

[0011] The main box is a rectangular box without a left side wall. The middle part of the right side wall of the main box is fixedly set on the first single-machine driving end. The third hydraulic cylinder is fixedly set in the middle part of the lower wall of the right end of the main box. One end of the rack is fixedly set on the third hydraulic cylinder, and teeth are set on the front and rear side walls of the other end of the rack. A pair of excavation components are movably set in the left end of the main box and are symmetrical to each other. The tooth seats in the pair of excavation components are respectively engaged with the racks.

[0012] Preferably, the excavation assembly includes a tooth seat, a pair of connecting arms, a flip arm rod, a rod seat, a connecting rod, a first drive housing, a second drive housing, a fourth hydraulic cylinder, a second motor and a soil biting unit;

[0013] The gear seat is movably arranged between the upper and lower side walls at the left end of the main body box, and the gear seat is located in front of the rack and meshes with the rack. One end of a pair of connecting arms is respectively fixedly arranged on the upper and lower side walls at the left end of the gear seat and is symmetrical to each other. The flip arm rod is L-shaped, and one end of the flip arm rod is movably connected between the other ends of a pair of connecting arms, and the other end of the flip arm rod is located on the front side of the main body box. One end of the rod seat is fixedly welded to the front side wall of the main body box and close to the center line of the left end. One end of the linkage rod is movably connected to the other end of the flip arm rod, and the other end of the linkage rod is movably connected to the other end of the rod seat. The other end of the linkage rod is located in the center of the gear seat. On the right side of the heart, the first driving shell is a convex shell, one end of the first driving shell is fixedly welded to one end of the flip arm and is located on the left side of the other end of the connecting arm, the second driving shell is movably inserted in the other end of the first driving shell, the fourth hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the inner lower wall of one end of the first driving shell, and the telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected to one end of the second driving shell, the second motor is fixedly arranged in the other end of the second driving shell, and the driving end of the second motor is movably protruding from the middle of the left side wall of the second driving shell, the biting unit is fixedly mounted on the other end of the second driving shell, and the biting unit is connected to the driving end of the second motor.

[0014] Preferably, in order to promote the translation of the first driving housing, the linkage rod is parallel to the connecting arm.

[0015] Preferably, the soil biting unit comprises a driving box, a plurality of second bearings, two pairs of shafts, a first gear, two pairs of second gears, five biting discs and a plurality of biting cones;

[0016] The drive box is a rectangular box body, which is fixedly mounted on the other end of the second drive shell, and the second motor driving end movably passes through the middle of the right side wall of the drive box. Several second bearings are symmetrically embedded in the left and right side walls of the drive box, and the second bearings are respectively located in the middle of the left side wall and the four corners of the left side wall, wherein the second motor driving end movably passes through one pair of second bearings, and the two ends of the two pairs of shaft rods are respectively fixedly mounted on the second bearings, and the shaft rods are respectively located near the four corners, the first gear is fixedly mounted on the second motor driving end, and the first gear is located in the middle of the drive box, the two pairs of the second gears are respectively fixedly mounted in the middle of the shaft rod, and the second gears are respectively engaged with the first gear, the five bite plates are respectively fixedly mounted on one end of the shaft rod and the second motor driving end, and the left side walls of the five bite plates are respectively equidistantly provided with several sleeves, one end of several bite cones are respectively detachably inserted in the sleeves, and the bite cones and the sleeves are fixed by bolts, and the other end of the bite cones is a conical structure.

[0017] Preferably, the biting discs on the shafts rotate in the same direction, and the biting discs in the two sets of tunneling assemblies can rotate in opposite directions relative to each other.

[0018] The working method of the integrated tunneling equipment comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Control the crawler body in the main structure to drive the vehicle body to move. During operation, control the electric slide rail to drive the second baffle to rise, so that the bottom end of the second baffle is staggered and fitted with the top end of the first baffle, so as to increase the shielding height to shield the soil, and the soil guide body on the vehicle body separates the fallen soil in front of the vehicle to both sides to prevent the vehicle body from moving forward;

[0020] Step 2: The second hydraulic cylinder located on the supporting frame in the driving steering structure is telescopically driven, and the swivel seat is driven to rotate on the swivel table through the rotating shaft by means of the first bearing through the movable connection between the second hydraulic cylinder and the adapter frame, thereby driving the arm frame to rotate and adjust the working direction of the excavation structure, that is, the left and right rotation direction adjustment;

[0021] Step 3: by controlling the telescopic drive of the first hydraulic cylinder, the turning frame is driven to turn up and down on the arm frame to adjust the construction up and down angle of the tunneling structure, and at the same time, the first motor in the turning frame can be driven to drive the tunneling structure to rotate, so as to adjust the direction of the tunneling assembly, that is, the tunneling assembly can be located at the upper and lower sides or at the left and right sides respectively;

[0022] Step 4: The rack is driven to move by extending and retracting the third hydraulic cylinder in the driving main box, and the rack is engaged with the tooth seat in the excavation assembly to drive the tooth seat to rotate in the opposite or relative direction; when the tooth seat rotates in the opposite direction, the first driving housing on the flip arm rod is driven to move away in the opposite direction through the connecting arm; since the flip arm rod is also movably connected to the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is movably connected to the rod seat, and the connecting rod is arranged in parallel with the connecting arm, when the connecting arm is flipped by force, the connecting rod is driven to flip synchronously, and the connecting rod and the connecting arm are always kept parallel, thereby driving the two groups of first driving housings to always keep parallel and move away or close to each other;

[0023] Step 5: Controlling the relative distance movement of the first driving housing, that is, realizing the movement of the soil biting unit located on the second driving housing, and then coordinating and controlling the movement of the vehicle body and the turning of the turning frame, so as to realize effective excavation within a certain range through the soil biting unit;

[0024] Step 6: Control the fourth hydraulic cylinder to extend and retract to drive the second drive housing to extend and retract in the first drive housing to adjust the feeding and digging depth and range; and drive the soil biting unit to rotate and work through the second motor;

[0025] Step 7, when the second motor is driven, the first gear in the driving box is driven to rotate by the second motor, and the first gear is respectively engaged with the four second gears for transmission, thereby driving the shaft to rotate through the second bearing, and then the corresponding bite plates are respectively driven to rotate through the driving end of the second motor and the shaft. When the second motor rotates forward, the bite plate on the second motor rotates forward, and the bite plate on the shaft rotates synchronously in the opposite direction;

[0026] Step 8: The biting plate drives the biting cone in the casing to rotate in a circle, and the soil can be broken up by the rotation of the biting cone to achieve excavation work; at the same time, due to the symmetrical arrangement of the two sets of excavation components, the rotation direction of the biting plate can be controlled separately;

[0027] Step nine: By symmetrically arranged tunneling components that can flip relative to or in the opposite direction, simultaneous processing in two directions can be achieved, reducing the swing amplitude of the equipment and improving processing efficiency. At the same time, the controllable rotation of the tunneling components can also realize the processing of the inner wall of the tunnel in a rectangular or arched shape; and during the processing, the support body is used to support and protect the top of the tunnel.

[0028] The present invention proposes an integrated tunneling equipment for supporting and anchoring and a working method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects: the present scheme symmetrically arranges two groups of tunneling components, namely two cutting heads, and can effectively adjust according to the required shape of the inner wall of the tunnel through the up-and-down swing, left-and-right swing and flippable design of the cutting heads. The two groups of cutting heads can be closed up-and-down or left-and-right to quickly process rectangular inner wall tunnels, and reduce the time of one-way movement for the inner wall size; when the cutting heads are located at the upper and lower sides respectively, it is beneficial to process the tunneling with the top wall in an arched shape; and the two groups of cutting heads can be used separately; the overall use mode is flexible and can be adjusted according to needs;

[0029] In summary: the present invention has

[0030] 1. Diversified shape inner wall processing

[0031] Existing tunneling equipment can only perform tunneling of a relatively single shape. For example, some equipment can only process tunnel inner walls that are approximately circular. However, this solution can process rectangular inner wall tunnels through two symmetrically arranged tunneling components and multiple adjustment methods of the cutting head (up and down swing, left and right swing, and flippable). This is very beneficial for urban underground tunnel projects, such as the construction of rectangular channels in subway tunnels. When constructing the connection section between the subway station and the interval tunnel, the precise tunneling of the rectangular inner wall tunnel can better meet the requirements of the building structure.

[0032] For excavations with arched top walls, effective processing can be carried out when the biting units are located on the upper and lower sides respectively; this adaptability to the arched top wall is very valuable in water supply tunnels or highway tunnels in some water conservancy projects, because these tunnels often adopt an arched top wall design in order to disperse the top pressure.

[0033] 2. Precise shape control

[0034] The method of processing a rectangular inner wall tunnel by closing two sets of biting units relatively up and down or left and right can more accurately control the shape of the inner wall of the tunnel and save processing time as well as swing frequency and range compared to existing equipment.

[0035] 3. Reduce one-way movement time

[0036] When existing tunneling equipment moves unidirectionally according to the inner wall size, it often takes a lot of time to adjust the position of the cutting head to achieve the designed size; the design of two sets of biting units in this solution can reduce the time for unidirectional movement according to the inner wall size.

[0037] 4. Flexibility for single use

[0038] The two sets of biting units can be used separately, which increases the flexibility of the equipment. In some special working conditions, such as when only a small range of repair or excavation is required on a part of the tunnel, a cutting head can be activated separately for operation without the need for the full operation of the entire equipment. Compared with existing excavation equipment, this can complete some local work more efficiently without affecting the overall progress of the project, thereby improving the overall work efficiency of the equipment.

[0039] 5. Ability to adapt to various working conditions

[0040] The overall usage of the equipment in this solution is flexible and can be adjusted according to different needs. Whether it is a rectangular tunnel, an arched top wall tunnel or other tunnels with special shapes, it can be adapted by adjusting the working mode of the two groups of biting units; the existing excavation equipment often has a relatively single function, and different equipment may need to be replaced or large-scale equipment modifications may be required for tunnels of different shapes. The equipment in this solution can be used in a variety of working conditions, reducing the investment cost and conversion cost of engineering equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the tunneling structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the tunneling structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram showing the main structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the steering structure of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the planed structure of the drive box of the present invention from a front view;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure of A of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure of B of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the soil biting unit of the present invention in an enlarged manner.

[0050] In the figure: 1, main structure, 11, vehicle body, 12, crawler body, 13, soil guide body, 14, turntable, 15, rotating shaft, 16, first baffle, 17, electric slide rail, 18, second baffle, 19, support body, 2, steering structure, 21, swivel seat, 22, arm, 23, flip frame, 24, first motor, 25, first hydraulic cylinder, 26, adapter frame, 27, bearing frame, 28, second hydraulic cylinder, 3, excavation structure, 31, main box, 32, third hydraulic cylinder, 33, rack, 34 , excavation assembly, 341, tooth seat, 342, connecting arm, 343, flip arm rod, 344, rod seat, 345, connecting rod, 346, first drive housing, 347, second drive housing, 348, fourth hydraulic cylinder, 349, second motor, 350, biting unit, 3501, drive box, 3502, second bearing, 3503, shaft, 3504, first gear, 3505, second gear, 3506, biting plate, 3507, biting cone, 3508, casing, 5, first bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] See also Figure 1-Figure 9The present invention provides a technical solution: an integrated excavation, support and anchoring tunneling equipment, comprising a main structure 1, a steering structure 2 and a tunneling structure 3. The steering structure 2 is movably arranged on the main structure 1, and the steering structure 2 rotates. The tunneling structure 3 is fixedly arranged on the steering structure 2. The main structure 1 facilitates movement and support, and the steering structure 2 controls the left and right rotation and up and down swing of the tunneling structure 3.

[0053] The following are the models and functions of the electrical components in this case:

[0054] Track body: Any track of this solution can be used.

[0055] Soil guide body: Any soil guide body of the present invention can be used, which adopts the prior art to arrange a pair of rotatable soil guide frames on an inclined push plate controlled by a hydraulic cylinder, and separates the soil to both sides by pushing the inclined push plate and with the help of the rotating soil guide frames.

[0056] Electric slide rail: Any electric slide rail of this solution can be used.

[0057] First hydraulic cylinder: Any hydraulic cylinder of the present invention may be used.

[0058] Second hydraulic cylinder: Any hydraulic cylinder of this solution may be used.

[0059] The third hydraulic cylinder: any hydraulic cylinder of the present invention may be used.

[0060] The fourth hydraulic cylinder: any hydraulic cylinder of the present invention may be used.

[0061] First motor: Any motor of the present solution may be used.

[0062] Second motor: Any motor in this solution may be used.

[0063] Support body: It adopts existing technology and is composed of a hydraulic cylinder and a top plate. It has the function of adjusting the height and supporting the top wall. Any support mechanism suitable for this solution can be used.

[0064] As a further solution of the present invention, the main structure 1 includes a vehicle body 11, a crawler body 12, an earth guide body 13, a turntable 14, a rotating shaft 15, a first baffle 16, an electric slide rail 17, a second baffle 18 and a support body 19;

[0065] The vehicle body 11 is rectangular, the crawler body 12 is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the vehicle body 11, and the crawler body 12 drives the vehicle body 11 to move, the soil guide body 13 is tiltedly arranged on the left side of the vehicle body 11, the turntable 14 is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the upper wall of the left end of the vehicle body 11, and the upper wall of the turntable 14 is embedded with the first bearing 5, one end of the rotating shaft 15 is fixedly inserted in the middle part of the first bearing 5, one end of the first baffle 16 is vertically arranged on the upper wall of the vehicle body 11 and is located on the right side of the turntable 14, one end of the electric slide rail 17 is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the vehicle body 11 and is located on the right side of the first baffle 16, the second baffle 18 is fixedly arranged on the electric slide rail 17, and the second baffle 18 is in contact with the first baffle 16, and the second baffle 18 is located above the first baffle 16, and the support body 19 is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the right end of the vehicle body 11, and the height of the support body 19 is adjustable.

[0066] As a further solution of the present invention, the steering structure 2 includes a swivel seat 21, an arm frame 22, a flip frame 23, a first motor 24, a first hydraulic cylinder 25, a pair of adapter frames 26, a pair of bearing frames 27 and a pair of second hydraulic cylinders 28;

[0067] The swivel seat 21 is a semicircular structure. The swivel seat 21 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 15, and the swivel seat 21 is located above the turntable 14. One end of the arm 22 is fixedly set in the middle of the left side wall of the swivel seat 21. The turning frame 23 is a concave structure, and the length of one end is greater than the length of the other end. The middle part of the turning frame 23 is a cavity structure. One end of the turning frame 23 is movably set in the other end of the arm 22. The first motor 24 is fixedly set in the middle of the turning frame 23 and the driving end of the first motor 24 movably penetrates the left side wall of the turning frame 23. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 25 is movably connected in the middle of the arm 22, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder 25 is tilted and movably connected to the other end of the turning frame 23. One end of a pair of adapter frames 26 is respectively fixedly set on the front and rear side walls of the swivel seat 21. The adapter frames 26 correspond to the rotating shafts 15 respectively, one ends of a pair of supporting frames 27 are fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the vehicle body 11 respectively, and are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the swivel seat 21, one ends of a pair of second hydraulic cylinders 28 are movably mounted on the other ends of the supporting frames 27 respectively, and the other ends of the second hydraulic cylinders 28 are movably connected to the other ends of the adapter frames 26 respectively; the second hydraulic cylinders 28 are telescopically driven, because the second hydraulic cylinders 28 are movably connected to the supporting frames 27 and the adapter frames 26 respectively, so the second hydraulic cylinders 28 can flip a certain angle between the supporting frames 27 and the adapter frames 26, and then the swivel seat 21 is driven to rotate left and right through the telescopic movement of the second hydraulic cylinders 28, and the flipping frame 23 is driven to flip up and down on the arm 22 through the first hydraulic cylinder 25.

[0068] As a further solution of the present invention, the excavation structure 3 includes a main body box 31, a third hydraulic cylinder 32, a rack 33 and a pair of excavation assemblies 34;

[0069] The main box 31 is a rectangular box without a left side wall. The middle of the right side wall of the main box 31 is fixedly set on the first single-machine driving end. The third hydraulic cylinder 32 is fixedly set in the middle of the lower wall of the right end of the main box 31. One end of the rack 33 is fixedly set on the third hydraulic cylinder 32, and the front and rear side walls of the other end of the rack 33 are provided with teeth. A pair of excavation components 34 are movably set in the left end of the main box 31 and are symmetrical to each other. The gear seats 341 in the pair of excavation components 34 are respectively engaged with the rack 33; the main box 31 carries the third hydraulic cylinder 32 and the excavation component 34, and the rack 33 is driven to move by the extension and contraction of the third hydraulic cylinder 32. The excavation components 34 are driven to be relatively closed or separated by the engagement transmission of the rack 33 with the two excavation components 34 respectively.

[0070] As a further solution of the present invention, the excavation assembly 34 includes a tooth seat 341, a pair of connecting arms 342, a flip arm rod 343, a rod seat 344, a connecting rod 345, a first drive housing 346, a second drive housing 347, a fourth hydraulic cylinder 348, a second motor 349 and a soil biting unit 350;

[0071] The gear holder 341 is movably arranged between the upper and lower side walls in the left end of the main body box 31, and the gear holder 341 is located at the front side of the rack 33 and meshes with the rack 33. One end of a pair of connecting arms 342 is fixedly arranged on the upper and lower side walls of the left end of the gear holder 341 and is symmetrical to each other. The flip arm rod 343 is L-shaped, and one end of the flip arm rod 343 is movably connected between the other ends of a pair of connecting arms 342, and the other end of the flip arm rod 343 is located at the front side of the main body box 31. One end of the rod seat 344 is fixedly welded to the front side wall of the main body box 31 and close to the center line of the left end. One end of the connecting rod 345 is movably connected to the other end of the flip arm rod 343, and the other end of the connecting rod 345 is movably connected to the other end of the rod seat 344. The other end of the connecting rod 345 is located on the right side of the center of the gear holder 341. The first driving shell 346 is a convex shell. One end of the first driving shell 346 is fixedly welded to one end of the flip arm rod 343 and is located on the left side of the other end of the connecting arm 342. The housing 347 is movably inserted into the other end of the first drive housing 346, the fourth hydraulic cylinder 348 is fixedly arranged on the inner lower wall of one end of the first drive housing 346, and the telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 348 is connected to one end of the second drive housing 347, the second motor 349 is fixedly arranged in the other end of the second drive housing 347, and the driving end of the second motor 349 is movably accustomed to the middle of the left side wall of the second drive housing 347, the soil biting unit 350 is fixedly sleeved on the other end of the second drive housing 347, and the soil biting unit 350 is connected to the driving end of the second motor 349; the tooth seat 341 is engaged with the rack 33 to drive the tooth seat 341 to rotate, and the tooth seat 341 drives the connecting arm 342 to flip, because the connecting arm 342 is arranged in parallel with the connecting rod 345, the first drive housing 346 on the flipping arm rod 343 is caused to be relatively parallel and separated or parallel and approached through the limiting of the connecting rod 345, so as to adjust the movement and position of the soil biting unit 350.

[0072] As a further solution of the present invention, the soil biting unit 350 includes a driving box 3501, a plurality of second bearings 3502, two pairs of shafts 3503, a first gear 3504, two pairs of second gears 3505, five biting discs 3506 and a plurality of biting cones 3507;

[0073] The driving box 3501 is a rectangular box body, which is fixedly sleeved on the other end of the second driving shell 347, and the driving end of the second motor 349 movably penetrates the middle of the right side wall of the driving box 3501. A plurality of second bearings 3502 are symmetrically embedded in the left and right side walls of the driving box 3501, and the second bearings 3502 are respectively located in the middle of the left side wall and the four corners of the left side wall. The driving end of the second motor 349 movably penetrates one pair of the second bearings 3502, and the two ends of the two pairs of shafts 3503 are respectively fixedly penetrated by the second bearings 3502, and the shafts 3503 are respectively located near the four corners. The first gear 3504 is fixedly sleeved on the driving end of the second motor 349, and the first gear 3504 is located in the middle of the driving box 3501. The two pairs of second gears 3505 are respectively fixedly sleeved. It is installed in the middle of the shaft 3503, and the second gear 3505 is respectively engaged with the first gear 3504, and the five bite plates 3506 are respectively fixedly mounted on one end of the shaft 3503 and the driving end of the second motor 349, and a number of sleeves 3508 are equidistantly arranged on the left side walls of the five bite plates 3506. One end of a number of bite cones 3507 can be detachably inserted into the sleeve 3508, and the bite cone 3507 is fixed to the sleeve 3508 by bolts, and the other end of the bite cone 3507 is a conical structure; the first gear 3504 is driven to rotate by the second motor 349, and the first gear 3504 is respectively engaged with the second gear 3505, driving the second gear 3505 to rotate on the second bearing 3502 through the shaft 3503, thereby respectively driving the bite plate 3506 and the bite cone 3507 to rotate.

[0074] As a further solution of the present invention, the biting plates 3506 on the shaft 3503 rotate in the same direction, and the biting plates 3506 in the two sets of excavation assemblies 34 can rotate in opposite directions relative to each other, which is used for design requirements and is conducive to directly separating the broken soil to both sides of the vehicle body 11.

[0075] Working principle:

[0076] The crawler body 12 in the main structure 1 is controlled to drive the vehicle body 11 to move. During operation, the electric slide rail 17 is controlled to drive the second baffle 18 to rise, so that the bottom end of the second baffle 18 is staggered and fitted with the top end of the first baffle 16, so as to increase the shielding height to shield the soil, and the soil guide body 13 on the vehicle body 11 separates the fallen soil in front of the vehicle to both sides to prevent the vehicle body 11 from moving forward, and as the construction progresses, the top wall is supported by the support body 19;

[0077] By driving the second hydraulic cylinder 28 on the carrier 27 in the steering structure 2 to extend and retract, the swivel seat 21 is driven to rotate on the turntable 14 through the rotating shaft 15 by means of the first bearing 5 through the active connection between the second hydraulic cylinder 28 and the adapter frame 26, and then the arm frame 22 is driven to rotate and adjust the working direction of the excavation structure 3, that is, the left and right rotation direction adjustment;

[0078] By controlling the telescopic drive of the first hydraulic cylinder 25, the turning frame 23 is driven to turn up and down on the arm frame 22 to adjust the construction up and down angle of the tunneling structure 3. At the same time, the first motor 24 in the turning frame 23 can be driven to drive the tunneling structure 3 to rotate, and the direction of the tunneling assembly 34 can be adjusted, that is, the tunneling assembly 34 can be located at the upper and lower sides or at the left and right sides respectively;

[0079] The rack 33 is driven to move by extending and retracting the third hydraulic cylinder 32 in the main box 31, and the rack 33 is engaged with the tooth seat 341 in the excavation assembly 34 to drive the tooth seat 341 to rotate in the opposite or relative direction; when the tooth seat 341 rotates in the opposite direction, the first driving shell 346 on the flip arm 343 is driven to move away in the opposite direction through the connecting arm 342; since the flip arm 343 is also movably connected to the connecting rod 345, and the other end of the connecting rod 345 is movably connected to the rod seat 344, and the connecting rod 345 is arranged in parallel with the connecting arm 342, when the connecting arm 342 is flipped by force, the connecting rod 345 is driven to flip synchronously, and the connecting rod 345 and the connecting arm 342 are always kept parallel, thereby driving the two groups of first driving shells 346 to always keep parallel and move away or close to each other;

[0080] The relative distance movement control of the first driving housing 346 realizes the movement of the soil biting unit 350 located on the second driving housing 347, and then cooperates with the movement of the vehicle body 11 and the turning of the turning frame 23 to realize effective excavation within a certain range through the soil biting unit 350;

[0081] The fourth hydraulic cylinder 348 is controlled to extend and retract to drive the second drive housing 347 to extend and retract in the first drive housing 346 to adjust the feeding and digging depth and range; the second motor 349 drives the biting unit 350 to rotate and work;

[0082] When the second motor 349 is driven, the first gear 3504 in the driving box 3501 is driven to rotate by the second motor 349, and the first gear 3504 is respectively engaged with the four second gears 3505 for transmission, thereby driving the shaft 3503 to rotate through the second bearing 3502, and then the corresponding bite plates 3506 are respectively driven to rotate through the driving end of the second motor 349 and the shaft 3503. When the second motor 349 rotates forward, the bite plates 3506 on the second motor 349 rotate forward, and the bite plates 3506 on the shaft 3503 rotate synchronously in the opposite direction;

[0083] The biting plate 3506 drives the biting cone 3507 in the casing 3508 to rotate in a circle, and the biting cone 3507 can rotate to apply force to the soil to break it up and realize the excavation work; at the same time, due to the symmetrical arrangement of the two sets of excavation components 34, the rotation direction of the biting plate 3506 can be controlled separately;

[0084] By symmetrically arranged tunneling components 34 that can flip relative to or reversely flip, synchronous processing in two directions can be achieved, reducing the swing amplitude of the equipment and improving processing efficiency. At the same time, the controllable rotation of the tunneling components 34 can also achieve processing of rectangular or arched tunnel inner walls; and during the processing, the support body 19 is used to support and protect the tunnel top.

[0085] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunneling equipment with integrated support and anchoring, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main structure (1), a steering structure (2) and a tunneling structure (3); the steering structure (2) is movably arranged on the main structure (1) and the steering structure (2) rotates; and the tunneling structure (3) is fixedly arranged on the steering structure (2).

2. The integrated excavation, support and anchoring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main structure (1) comprises a vehicle body (11), a crawler body (12), a soil guide body (13), a turntable (14), a rotating shaft (15), a first baffle (16), an electric slide rail (17), a second baffle (18) and a support body (19); The vehicle body (11) is rectangular, the crawler body (12) is fixedly arranged on the lower wall of the vehicle body (11), and the crawler body (12) drives the vehicle body (11) to move, the soil guide body (13) is tiltedly arranged on the left side of the vehicle body (11), the turntable (14) is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the upper wall of the left end of the vehicle body (11), and the upper wall of the turntable (14) is embedded with a first bearing (5), one end of the rotating shaft (15) is fixedly inserted in the middle part of the first bearing (5), and one end of the first baffle (16) is vertically arranged on the upper wall of the turntable (14). The electric slide rail (17) is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the vehicle body (11) and is located on the right side of the turntable (14); one end of the electric slide rail (17) is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the vehicle body (11) and is located on the right side of the first baffle (16); the second baffle (18) is fixedly arranged on the electric slide rail (17), and the second baffle (18) is in contact with the first baffle (16); the second baffle (18) is located above the first baffle (16); the supporting body (19) is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the right end of the vehicle body (11), and the height of the supporting body (19) is adjustable.

3. The integrated excavation, support and anchoring equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steering structure (2) comprises a swivel seat (21), an arm frame (22), a tilting frame (23), a first motor (24), a first hydraulic cylinder (25), a pair of adapter frames (26), a pair of bearing frames (27) and a pair of second hydraulic cylinders (28); The rotating seat (21) is a semicircular structure. The rotating seat (21) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (15). The rotating seat (21) is located above the rotating table (14). One end of the arm frame (22) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the left side wall of the rotating seat (21). The turning frame (23) is a concave structure. The length of one end is greater than that of the other end. The middle of the turning frame (23) is a cavity structure. One end of the turning frame (23) is movably arranged in the other end of the arm frame (22). The first motor (24) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the turning frame (23) and the driving end of the first motor (24) movably penetrates the left side wall of the turning frame (23). The first hydraulic cylinder ( One end of the first hydraulic cylinder (25) is movably connected to the middle part of the arm frame (22), and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder (25) is tilted and movably connected to the other end of the turning frame (23), one end of a pair of adapter frames (26) are respectively fixedly arranged on the front and rear side walls of the rotating seat (21), and the adapter frames (26) correspond to the rotating shaft (15), one end of a pair of supporting frames (27) are respectively fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the vehicle body (11), and are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the rotating seat (21), one end of a pair of second hydraulic cylinders (28) are respectively movably connected to the other end of the supporting frame (27), and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder (28) is respectively movably connected to the other end of the adapter frame (26).

4. The integrated excavation, support and anchoring equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The excavation structure (3) comprises a main body box (31), a third hydraulic cylinder (32), a rack (33) and a pair of excavation assemblies (34); The main box (31) is a rectangular box without a left side wall. The middle of the right side wall of the main box (31) is fixedly arranged on the first single-machine driving end. The third hydraulic cylinder (32) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the lower wall of the right end of the main box (31). One end of the rack (33) is fixedly arranged on the third hydraulic cylinder (32), and the front and rear side walls of the other end of the rack (33) are both provided with teeth. A pair of excavation assemblies (34) are respectively movably arranged in the left end of the main box (31) and are symmetrical to each other. The tooth seats (341) in the pair of excavation assemblies (34) are respectively engaged with the racks (33).

5. The integrated excavation, support and anchoring equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The excavation assembly (34) comprises a gear seat (341), a pair of connecting arms (342), a flip arm rod (343), a rod seat (344), a connecting rod (345), a first drive housing (346), a second drive housing (347), a fourth hydraulic cylinder (348), a second motor (349) and a soil biting unit (350); The tooth seat (341) is movably arranged between the upper and lower side walls of the left end of the main box (31), and the tooth seat (341) is located in front of the rack (33) and meshes with the rack (33). One end of a pair of connecting arms (342) is respectively fixedly arranged on the upper and lower side walls of the left end of the tooth seat (341) and is symmetrical to each other. The flip arm rod (343) is L-shaped, and one end of the flip arm rod (343) is movably connected between the other ends of the pair of connecting arms (342). , and the other end of the flip arm (343) is located at the front side of the main box (31), one end of the rod seat (344) is fixedly welded to the front side wall of the main box (31) and close to the left end center line, one end of the linkage rod (345) is movably connected to the other end of the flip arm (343), the other end of the linkage rod (345) is movably connected to the other end of the rod seat (344), the other end of the linkage rod (345) is located on the right side of the center of the gear seat (341), and the linkage rod (345) is parallel to the connecting arm (342), the first driving shell (346) is a convex shell, one end of the first driving shell (346) is fixedly welded to one end of the flip arm (343) and is located on the left side of the other end of the connecting arm (342), the second driving shell (347) is movably inserted into the other end of the first driving shell (346), the fourth hydraulic cylinder (348) is fixedly arranged on the inner lower wall of one end of the first driving shell (346), and the telescopic end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder (348) is connected to one end of the second driving shell (347), the second motor (349) is fixedly arranged in the other end of the second driving shell (347), and the driving end of the second motor (349) is movably protruding from the middle of the left side wall of the second driving shell (347), the soil biting unit (350) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the second driving shell (347), and the soil biting unit (350) is connected to the driving end of the second motor (349).

6. The integrated excavation, support and anchoring equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil biting unit (350) comprises a driving box (3501), a plurality of second bearings (3502), two pairs of shafts (3503), a first gear (3504), two pairs of second gears (3505), five biting plates (3506) and a plurality of biting cones (3507); The drive box (3501) is a rectangular box body. The drive box (3501) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the second drive housing (347). The driving end of the second motor (349) movably penetrates the middle of the right side wall of the drive box (3501). A plurality of the second bearings (3502) are symmetrically embedded in the left and right side walls of the drive box (3501). The second bearings (3502) are respectively located in the middle of the left side wall and at the four corners of the left side wall. The driving end of the second motor (349) movably penetrates one pair of the second bearings (3502). The two ends of the two pairs of shafts (3503) are respectively fixedly mounted on the second bearings (3502). The shafts (3503) are respectively located near the four corners. The first gear (3504) is fixedly mounted on the first gear (3504). The first gear (3504) is located in the middle of the driving box (3501) and the two pairs of the second gears (3505) are fixedly mounted on the middle of the shaft (3503), and the second gears (3505) are respectively engaged with the first gears (3504). The five bite plates (3506) are respectively fixedly mounted on one end of the shaft (3503) and the driving end of the second motor (349). The left side walls of the five bite plates (3506) are equidistantly provided with a plurality of sleeves (3508). One ends of the plurality of bite cones (3507) are respectively detachably inserted into the sleeves (3508), and the bite cones (3507) are fixed to the sleeves (3508) by bolts. The other end of the bite cone (3507) is a conical structure.

7. The integrated excavation, support and anchoring equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The biting discs (3506) on the shaft (3503) rotate in the same direction, and the biting discs (3506) in the two sets of excavation components (34) can rotate in opposite directions.

8. The working method of the integrated tunneling equipment of digging, supporting and anchoring according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are included Step 1: Control the crawler body (12) in the main structure (1) to drive the vehicle body (11) to move. During operation, control the electric slide rail (17) to drive the second baffle (18) to rise, so that the bottom end of the second baffle (18) and the top end of the first baffle (16) are staggered and fitted, thereby increasing the shielding height to shield the soil, and the soil guide body (13) on the vehicle body (11) separates the fallen soil in front of the vehicle to both sides to prevent the vehicle body (11) from moving forward; Step 2: by driving the second hydraulic cylinder (28) on the bearing frame (27) in the steering structure (2) to extend and retract, the swivel seat (21) is driven to rotate on the turntable (14) through the rotating shaft (15) with the aid of the first bearing (5) through the movable connection between the second hydraulic cylinder (28) and the adapter frame (26), thereby driving the arm frame (22) to rotate and adjust the working direction of the excavation structure (3), that is, to adjust the left and right rotation direction; Step 3: by controlling the telescopic drive of the first hydraulic cylinder (25), the turning frame (23) is driven to turn up and down on the arm frame (22) to adjust the construction up and down angle of the tunneling structure (3); at the same time, the first motor (24) in the turning frame (23) can be driven to drive the tunneling structure (3) to rotate, and the direction of the tunneling assembly (34) can be adjusted, that is, the tunneling assembly (34) can be located at the upper and lower sides or at the left and right sides respectively; Step 4: The rack (33) is driven to move by the third hydraulic cylinder (32) in the main box (31) to extend and retract, and the rack (33) is engaged with the tooth seat (341) in the excavation assembly (34) to drive the tooth seat (341) to rotate in the opposite or relative direction; when the tooth seat (341) rotates in the opposite direction, the first driving housing (346) on the flip arm (343) is driven to move away in the opposite direction through the connecting arm (342); since the flip arm (343) is also connected to the connecting arm (342), the first driving housing (346) on the flip arm (343) is driven to move away in the opposite direction. The movable rod (345) is movably connected, and the other end of the connecting rod (345) is movably connected to the rod seat (344), and the connecting rod (345) is arranged in parallel with the connecting arm (342). Therefore, when the connecting arm (342) is flipped under force, the connecting rod (345) is driven to flip synchronously, and the connecting rod (345) and the connecting arm (342) are always kept parallel, thereby driving the two sets of first driving shells (346) to always keep parallel and move away from or close to each other; Step 5: Controlling the relative distance movement of the first driving housing (346), that is, realizing the movement of the soil biting unit (350) located on the second driving housing (347), and then coordinating and controlling the movement of the vehicle body (11) and the turning of the turning frame (23), so as to realize effective excavation within a certain range through the soil biting unit (350); Step 6: Control the fourth hydraulic cylinder (348) to extend and retract to drive the second drive housing (347) to extend and retract in the first drive housing (346) to adjust the feeding and digging depth and range; and drive the soil biting unit (350) to rotate and work through the second motor (349); Step 7, when the second motor (349) is driven, the first gear (3504) in the driving box (3501) is driven to rotate by the second motor (349), and the first gear (3504) is respectively engaged with the four second gears (3505) for transmission, thereby driving the shaft (3503) to rotate through the second bearing (3502), and then the corresponding bite plates (3506) are respectively driven to rotate through the driving end of the second motor (349) and the shaft (3503). When the second motor (349) rotates forward, the bite plate (3506) on the second motor (349) rotates forward, and the bite plate (3506) on the shaft (3503) rotates synchronously in the opposite direction; Step 8: The biting cone (3507) in the casing (3508) is driven to rotate in a circle by the biting plate (3506), and the soil can be broken up by the rotation of the biting cone (3507) to achieve the excavation work; at the same time, due to the symmetrical arrangement of the two sets of excavation components (34), the rotation direction of the biting plate (3506) can be controlled separately; Step nine, by symmetrically arranged tunneling components (34) being able to flip relative to each other or flip in the opposite direction, synchronous processing in two directions can be achieved, reducing the swing amplitude of the equipment and improving processing efficiency. At the same time, the controllable rotation of the tunneling components (34) can also achieve processing of the inner wall of the tunnel in a rectangular or arched shape; and during the processing, the support body (19) is used to support and protect the top of the tunnel.

Images