Ultrasonic rapid jet flow igniter

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal machinery, and discloses an ultrasonic rapid jet flow igniter which comprises a high-pressure gas fuel pipeline, an inlet of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline is connected with a high-pressure gas fuel storage tank, and the downstream of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline is sequentially provided with a connecting section, a high-pressure cavity, a rapid valve, an expansion section and a spray head. The pressure energy of the high-pressure gas fuel is fully utilized, ignition can be achieved without a complex electrical assembly, and the ignition requirements of low-ignition-energy fuel such as gas hydrogen and hydrogen-doped methane can be met; compared with an existing ignition mode that fire cores are manufactured through electric arcs and then gradually developed and spread from the fire cores to a main combustion area, the method has the advantages that ignition is rapid, the fire cores are not prone to being blown out, and the ignition effect is good. Transformation and electrical insulation devices are not needed, and the problem that the igniter is damaged due to high temperature can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of thermal machinery, and in particular to a supersonic jet igniter. Background Art

[0002] The most common ignition method in the field of thermal machinery is to ignite the combustion chamber by generating a high-energy arc through an electric igniter. Due to the limited arc length, the ignition nozzle of the electric igniter needs to be arranged as far as possible in the area where the air-fuel mixture ratio is suitable for ignition, while ensuring that the flame will not burn the nozzle when the combustion chamber is working normally. In addition, the electric igniter also requires a battery of a certain mass to provide it with power to generate an arc with sufficient ignition energy, which will increase the weight of the ignition system and is not conducive to its use in weight-sensitive objects such as aerospace power.

[0003] In order to ensure that the volume of fuel storage tanks and pipelines is reasonable, thermal machinery often uses high-pressure gas fuels or conventional liquid fuels with sufficient volume energy density. In fact, the gas fuel stored at high pressure in the fuel storage tank itself contains enough energy to ignite itself. If the pressure energy of the fuel can be converted into the internal energy of the combustible gas and the diffusion and self-ignition characteristics of the high-pressure fuel can be fully utilized, ignition can be achieved.

[0004] Specifically, there is a huge pressure difference between the high-pressure gas and the surrounding atmospheric environment. When the high-pressure gas fuel is suddenly released into the atmosphere, it will expand and accelerate violently, and then violently squeeze the external air in a piston-like manner, forming a shock wave at the front end of the fuel jet, causing the temperature and pressure in this area to rise rapidly. At the same time, the fuel jet and the surrounding air diffuse with each other to form a combustible mixture. When the temperature of the combustible mixture reaches the ignition point, a jet flame that can serve as an ignition source will be generated. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a supersonic jet igniter, which is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] A supersonic jet igniter, comprising a high-pressure gas fuel pipeline, the inlet of which is connected to a high-pressure gas fuel storage tank, and further comprising: A connecting section connected to an outlet of a high-pressure gas fuel pipeline for transferring high-pressure gas fuel; A high-pressure chamber, which is welded and fixed to the outlet of the connecting section and is used to receive and store the high-pressure gas fuel transmitted from the connecting section; A quick valve is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure chamber, and the opening and closing of the quick valve is used to release or cut off the high-pressure gas fuel; An expansion section connected to the outlet of the quick valve for achieving expansion of the high-pressure gas fuel; The nozzle is connected to the outlet of the expansion section and is used to spray the expanded high-pressure gas fuel to achieve ignition operation.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the inner wall of the connecting section is provided with a first internal thread, and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline outlet is provided with a first external thread adapted to the first internal thread; the two ends of the quick valve are fixedly connected with a docking sleeve, the outer wall of the docking sleeve is provided with a second external thread, and the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber and the expansion section near one end of the quick valve is provided with a second internal thread adapted to the second external thread.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the outer contour of the quick valve is hexagonal, and the outer wall of the connecting section and the outer wall of the expansion section close to one end of the quick valve are fixedly connected with a hexagonal seat.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the diameters of the high-pressure chamber and the expansion section decrease gradually in a direction pointing toward the rapid valve.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the outlet of the nozzle is rectangular.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, a group of grooves are opened on the inner wall of each side of the nozzle, and an electrostatic friction plate is embedded and fixedly connected in the groove.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, a plurality of valve flaps are arranged in the quick valve, and the inner cavity of the quick valve is sealed when the valve flaps are closed.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, a solenoid valve is fixedly connected to the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline to control the on-off of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, it also includes a PLC controller, the power interface of the PLC controller is electrically connected to the external power supply, the signal input end of the PLC controller is electrically connected to the control panel, the control output end of the PLC controller is electrically connected to the first time relay and the second time relay, respectively, the first time relay and the second time relay are electrically connected to the quick valve and the solenoid valve, respectively.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the quick valve and the solenoid valve are both normally closed valves.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention makes full use of the pressure energy of the high-pressure gas fuel itself, and can achieve ignition without complex electrical components. It can meet the ignition requirements of low ignition energy fuels such as gaseous hydrogen and hydrogen-blended methane, and has broad application prospects in thermal machinery that does not require high-frequency ignition, such as aircraft engines, ground gas turbines, and boilers that use gas fuels.

[0017] 2. Compared with the current ignition method of creating a fire core through an electric arc and then gradually developing and propagating the fire core to the main combustion zone, the present invention ignites quickly and is not easily blown out. It does not require a voltage transformer or electrical insulation device. Since the igniter is arranged away from the high-temperature main combustion zone, the problem of damage to the igniter due to high temperature can be avoided.

[0018] 3. An electrostatic friction plate is provided to generate a combustion-supporting electrostatic arc by means of friction tip discharge, generating a local hot spot that makes it easier to ignite the jet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the specific implementation methods will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 : A schematic structural diagram of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline of the present invention; Figure 2 : A schematic structural diagram of a supersonic jet igniter according to the present invention; Figure 3 : A front view of the quick valve of the present invention; Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the internal valve disc of the quick valve of the present invention; Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the nozzle of the present invention; Figure 6 : A schematic diagram of circuit connections of various circuit elements in the present invention.

[0021] The reference numerals are as follows: 100-high-pressure gas fuel pipeline, 200-high-pressure gas fuel storage tank, 1-connecting section, 2-high-pressure chamber, 3-quick valve, 4-expansion section, 5-nozzle, 6-first internal thread, 7-first external thread, 8-docking sleeve, 9-second external thread, 10-hexagonal seat, 11-static friction plate, 12-valve disc, 13-solenoid valve, 14-PLC controller, 15-external power supply, 16-control panel, 17-first time relay, 18-second time relay. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a supersonic jet igniter includes a high-pressure gas fuel pipeline 100, the inlet of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline 100 is connected to a high-pressure gas fuel storage tank 200, and further includes: A connecting section 1, which is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline 100 and is used to transfer the high-pressure gas fuel; The high-pressure chamber 2 is welded and fixed to the outlet of the connecting section 1 and is used to receive and store the high-pressure gas fuel transmitted from the connecting section 1; A quick valve 3 is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure chamber 2, and the opening and closing of the quick valve 3 is used to release or cut off the high-pressure gas fuel; An expansion section 4, which is connected to the outlet of the quick valve 3 and is used to achieve expansion of the high-pressure gas fuel; The nozzle 5 is connected to the outlet of the expansion section 4 and is used to spray the expanded high-pressure gas fuel to achieve ignition operation.

[0024] Preferably, the inner wall of the connecting section 1 is provided with a first internal thread 6, and the outer wall of the outlet of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline 100 is provided with a first external thread 7 adapted to the first internal thread 6; the two ends of the quick valve 3 are fixedly connected with a docking sleeve 8, the outer wall of the docking sleeve 8 is provided with a second external thread 9, and the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber 2 and the expansion section 4 near one end of the quick valve 3 is provided with a second internal thread adapted to the second external thread 9 (not shown in the figure).

[0025] Preferably, the outer contour of the quick valve 3 is hexagonal, and a hexagonal seat 10 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting section 1 and the outer wall of the expansion section 4 close to one end of the quick valve 3 .

[0026] Preferably, the diameters of the high-pressure chamber 2 and the expansion section 4 decrease gradually in the direction pointing toward the fast valve 3 .

[0027] Preferably, the outlet of the nozzle 5 is rectangular.

[0028] Preferably, a group of grooves (not shown in the figure) are opened on the inner wall of each side of the nozzle 5, and the electrostatic friction plate 11 is embedded and fixedly connected in the groove.

[0029] Preferably, a plurality of valve flaps 12 are provided in the quick valve 3 , and the inner cavity of the quick valve 3 is sealed when the valve flaps 12 are closed.

[0030] Preferably, a solenoid valve 13 is fixedly connected to the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline 100 to control the on-off of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline 100 .

[0031] Preferably, it also includes a PLC controller 14, the power interface of the PLC controller 14 is electrically connected to the external power supply 15, the signal input end of the PLC controller 14 is electrically connected to the control panel 16, the control output end of the PLC controller 14 is electrically connected to the first time relay 17 and the second time relay 18, respectively, the first time relay 17 and the second time relay are electrically connected to the quick valve 3 and the solenoid valve 13, respectively.

[0032] Preferably, both the quick valve 3 and the solenoid valve 13 are normally closed valves.

[0033] A specific embodiment of the present invention is: First install the igniter, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the connection between the connecting section 1 and the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline 100 can be achieved by cooperating with the first internal thread 6 and the first external thread 7. The hexagonal seat 10 on the connecting section 1 is screwed with a wrench to facilitate rotating the connecting section 1 to complete the installation operation; Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the quick valve 3 is screwed by cooperating with the wrench and the outer contour of the quick valve 3 to achieve the connection and installation of the quick valve 3; then the expansion section 4 is connected to the outlet of the quick valve 3; finally, the nozzle 5 is connected to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, instructions can be sent to the PLC controller 14 through the control panel 16. The PLC controller 14 controls the opening of the quick valve 3 and the solenoid valve 13 according to the received instructions. The first time relay 17 and the second time relay can control the opening time of the quick valve 3 and the solenoid valve 13. Since both are normally closed valves, they will automatically close after the time is reached.

[0035] The specific ignition process is as follows: 1) First, the quick valve 3 is closed, and then the solenoid valve 13 is opened. The high-pressure gas fuel in the high-pressure gas fuel storage tank 200 enters the high-pressure chamber 2 for storage through the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline 100. The opening time of the solenoid valve 13 can be controlled by the second time relay, so that the injection amount of the high-pressure gas fuel in the high-pressure chamber 2 can be controlled, and the risk of backfire can be eliminated. The pressure of the high-pressure gas fuel in the high-pressure chamber 2 is above 2.5MPa, and the igniter enters the ignition preparation state.

[0036] 2) Start the rotor of the gas turbine, and the nozzle at the head of the combustion chamber begins to spray fuel to form a combustible mixture, so that the combustion chamber of the gas turbine enters the ignition state.

[0037] 3) Open the quick valve 3, such as Figure 4As shown, the valve flap 12 of the quick valve 3 is opened, and the high-pressure gas fuel in the high-pressure chamber 2 enters the expansion section 4 through the quick valve 3. The flow channel cross-section of the expansion section 4 gradually expands, and the high-pressure gas fuel expands and accelerates to a supersonic speed therein, forming a supersonic jet flame that sweeps the main combustion zone to achieve ignition.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the nozzle 5 is rectangular. Since the minimum pressure required for fuel self-ignition in a rectangular pipe with the same cross-sectional area is usually lower than that in a circular pipe, setting the nozzle 5 to a rectangular shape can reduce the initial gas fuel pressure required for ignition to a certain extent.

[0039] The electrostatic friction plate 11 is made of a material that is easy to generate static electricity through friction and is resistant to high temperatures. When high-pressure gas fuel passes through at high speed, an electrostatic arc can be generated to generate a local hot spot to assist ignition.

[0040] 4) Close the quick valve 3. If the ignition is successful, enter the standby state. If the ignition fails, refill the high-pressure gas fuel to prepare for the next ignition.

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well.

Claims

1. A supersonic jet igniter, comprising a high-pressure gas fuel pipeline (100), wherein an inlet of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline (100) is connected to a high-pressure gas fuel storage tank (200), characterized in that: Also includes: A connecting section (1), which is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline (100) and is used to transfer the high-pressure gas fuel; A high-pressure chamber (2) which is welded and fixed to the outlet of the connecting section (1) and is used to receive and store high-pressure gas fuel transmitted by the connecting section (1); A quick valve (3) connected to the outlet of the high-pressure chamber (2), the quick valve (3) being turned on and off for releasing or cutting off the high-pressure gas fuel; An expansion section (4), which is connected to the outlet of the quick valve (3) and is used to achieve expansion of the high-pressure gas fuel; The nozzle (5) is connected to the outlet of the expansion section (4) and is used to spray the expanded high-pressure gas fuel to achieve an ignition operation.

2. A supersonic jet igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the connecting section (1) is provided with a first internal thread (6), and the outer wall of the outlet of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline (100) is provided with a first external thread (7) adapted to the first internal thread (6); the two ends of the quick valve (3) are fixedly connected to a docking sleeve (8), the outer wall of the docking sleeve (8) is provided with a second external thread (9), and the inner walls of the high-pressure chamber (2) and the expansion section (4) close to one end of the quick valve (3) are provided with a second internal thread adapted to the second external thread (9).

3. A supersonic jet igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer contour of the quick valve (3) is hexagonal, and a hexagonal seat (10) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting section (1) and the outer wall of the expansion section (4) close to one end of the quick valve (3).

4. A supersonic jet igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the high-pressure chamber (2) and the expansion section (4) decrease gradually in a direction pointing toward the fast valve (3).

5. A supersonic jet igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the nozzle (5) is rectangular.

6. A supersonic jet igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of grooves are formed on the inner walls of each side of the nozzle (5), and an electrostatic friction plate (11) is embedded and fixedly connected in the groove.

7. A supersonic jet igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of valve flaps (12) are arranged in the quick valve (3), and when the valve flaps (12) are closed, the inner cavity of the quick valve (3) is sealed.

8. The supersonic jet igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure gas fuel pipeline (100) is fixedly connected to a solenoid valve (13) for controlling the on / off of the high-pressure gas fuel pipeline (100).

9. A supersonic jet igniter according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a PLC controller (14), wherein a power interface of the PLC controller (14) is electrically connected to an external power source (15), a signal input end of the PLC controller (14) is electrically connected to a control panel (16), a control output end of the PLC controller (14) is electrically connected to a first time relay (17) and a second time relay (18), respectively, and the first time relay (17) and the second time relay (18) are electrically connected to the fast valve (3) and the solenoid valve (13), respectively.

10. A supersonic jet igniter according to claim 9, characterized in that: The quick valve (3) and the solenoid valve (13) are both normally closed valves.

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