A complex environment rock degradation test device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a complex environment rock degradation test device. It includes: a test cabin for holding samples and providing a test site; functional components connected to the test cabin to provide a simulated environment for it; a control module; an environmental simulation module including a cooling simulation unit, a temperature and humidity simulation unit, and a freeze-thaw simulation unit; the cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit share functional components and are respectively connected to the control module; a detection module is respectively arranged in the test cabin for detecting the air tightness of the simulated environment, the temperature and humidity of the simulated environment, the air pressure, and the dryness of the sample. The present application provides a complex environment rock degradation test device that integrates functions such as a sample container, provision of a simulated environment, intelligent control, and detection. Rock degradation tests under different cooling, temperature and humidity, and freeze-thaw modes are carried out through functional components to meet the diverse needs of rock degradation research in complex environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a rock degradation test device in a complex environment. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, rock is a key basic material, and its performance is profoundly affected by the actual engineering environment. In various infrastructure construction scenarios, such as traffic tunnels, water conservancy dams, and high-rise building foundations, rocks are exposed to complex natural environments for a long time, and are subjected to the coupling effects of multiple environmental factors such as rainfall, dry-wet cycles, freeze-thaw cycles, and high temperatures. These factors overlap and synergistically affect each other, causing the physical and mechanical properties of rocks to gradually deteriorate, posing a potential threat to the stability and safety of engineering structures. Therefore, in-depth research on the degradation mechanism of rocks in complex environments is of great significance to ensuring the long-term safe and stable operation of various geotechnical engineering projects. However, the current test methods and devices used to simulate complex rock environments have many limitations and are difficult to meet the needs of scientific research and engineering practice. Specifically, they are as follows:

[0003] 1. The functions of existing test equipment are relatively single, and it is usually difficult to complete comprehensive tests in the same device. For example, in the freeze-thaw cycle test, the sample must first be saturated in a vacuum saturation device, and then manually transferred to the freeze-thaw cycle box; in the dry-wet cycle test, the sample must first be dried and dehydrated in a high-temperature oven, and then transferred to a bucket of water for saturation treatment. This multi-device operation mode not only greatly reduces the efficiency of the experiment, but also significantly increases the risk of sample contamination. At the same time, during the process of transferring samples, the experimenters are at high risk of burns or frostbite due to frequent contact with high-temperature or low-temperature samples, which seriously threatens the personal safety of the experimenters.

[0004] 2. The cooling modes are limited and the simulation is not realistic enough. In existing temperature cycle tests, the cooling method mainly relies on natural cooling, that is, the specimens treated at high temperature are placed in a room temperature environment for natural cooling. This method cannot simulate the rapid cooling process caused by rainfall or cold wind in a real environment. In actual engineering environments, such as mountain rocks in heavy rain or strong winds, the temperature will drop rapidly. However, existing equipment lacks the option of multiple cooling modes such as natural cooling, liquid cooling, and air cooling, resulting in large differences between the test results and the actual environment. It is difficult to accurately reflect the degradation of rocks in a real environment, which limits in-depth research on the rock degradation mechanism.

[0005] 3. The humidity simulation capability is insufficient, making it difficult to reproduce actual humidity changes. Existing test equipment has significant shortcomings in simulating complex humidity conditions and cannot accurately simulate complex environmental conditions such as high temperature and humidity, or cold and humidity. In dry-wet cycle and freeze-thaw cycle tests, specimens are usually fully saturated, but in the natural environment, most geotechnical materials are in an unsaturated state. Existing experimental schemes lack a means of dynamically regulating environmental humidity, making it difficult to truly reproduce the patterns of humidity changes in the natural environment. This causes deviations between test results and actual conditions, and cannot provide a reliable reference for engineering practice.

[0006] 4. Low control accuracy and complex operations affect experimental reliability. Currently, most test devices rely on manual control of equipment operating status. The operation process is cumbersome and prone to human error, making it difficult to achieve high-precision control of test conditions. Due to the lack of an automated control system, coordination and linkage between test devices cannot be achieved, resulting in low experimental efficiency and significantly reduced data reliability. For example, when simultaneously controlling temperature and humidity, manual operation makes it difficult to ensure precise matching and stable control of the two, seriously affecting the accurate study of rock degradation processes and restricting the development of related research in the field of geotechnical engineering.

[0007] Therefore, it is urgent to develop an integrated, efficient, and automatically controlled complex environment rock degradation test device that can simulate the degradation process of rocks under complex environmental conditions.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, it is urgent to develop an integrated, efficient, and automatically controlled complex environment rock degradation test device that can simulate the degradation process of rocks under complex environmental conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This application provides a complex environment rock degradation test device to conduct rock degradation tests in complex environments. The specific solution is:

[0010] A complex environment rock degradation test device, the test device comprising:

[0011] The test chamber is used to hold samples and provide a testing location;

[0012] Functional components, connected to the test chamber to provide a simulated environment for it;

[0013] Control module;

[0014] Environmental simulation module, including cooling simulation unit, temperature and humidity simulation unit, and freeze-thaw simulation unit;

[0015] The cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit share functional components, and respectively simulate degradation tests of the sample under different cooling modes, different temperature and humidity modes, and different freeze-thaw modes by means of the functional components. The cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module and accept intelligent control of the control module;

[0016] The detection modules are respectively arranged in the test chambers, and are used to detect the air tightness of the simulated environment, the temperature and humidity of the simulated environment, the air pressure, and the dryness of the sample.

[0017] Preferably, the functional components include a temperature simulation unit, a humidity simulation unit, a negative pressure unit and an airflow simulation unit;

[0018] The temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the test chamber, and the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module.

[0019] Preferably, the temperature simulation unit includes a heater and a condenser;

[0020] The heater and the condenser are respectively located outside the test chamber and are respectively connected to the test chamber. The controllers of the heater and the condenser are respectively connected to the control module.

[0021] Preferably, the airflow simulation unit includes a first fan located on one side of the sample rack, a second fan located below the sample rack, and a third fan located above the sample rack;

[0022] The first fan is located outside the test chamber, and an input end of the first fan is connected to the condenser;

[0023] The second fan and the third fan are respectively located inside the test chamber, the input end of the second fan is respectively connected to the output end of the first fan and the output end of the heater, and the output end of the second fan is connected to the third fan;

[0024] The output end of the third fan faces the sample;

[0025] The first fan, the second fan and the controller of the second fan are respectively connected to the control module.

[0026] Preferably, the humidity simulation unit includes a water tank, a water pump and a plurality of sprinkler heads;

[0027] The water tank is located outside the sample holding container, and the water tank contains sample simulation liquid;

[0028] The spray head is installed inside the sample holding container and faces the sample, and is connected to the output end of the water pump;

[0029] The water pump is placed in the water tank, and the controller of the water pump is connected to the control module.

[0030] Preferably, the negative pressure unit comprises a vacuum pump;

[0031] The output end of the vacuum pump is connected to the spray head.

[0032] Preferably, the detection module includes a temperature and humidity detection unit, an air pressure detection unit, a liquid level detection unit, and a sample dryness detection unit;

[0033] The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit, and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively placed in the test chamber;

[0034] The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit, and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively connected to the control module.

[0035] Preferably, the control module includes an on-off control unit and a controller;

[0036] The on-off control unit is connected to the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit and airflow simulation unit respectively, and is used to control the on-off status of the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit and airflow simulation unit. The on-off control unit is connected to the controller respectively.

[0037] Preferably, the bottom, side walls and top of the test chamber are respectively provided with ventilation holes and drainage holes, and a sample rack is provided in the test chamber;

[0038] The sample rack is provided with a gap between itself and the inner wall of the test chamber, and is installed in the test chamber.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0040] This application is highly integrated, combining functions such as sample containers, simulated environment provision, intelligent control, and detection. The cooling, temperature and humidity, and freeze-thaw simulation units in the environmental simulation module share functional components, which are used to conduct rock degradation tests under different cooling, temperature and humidity, and freeze-thaw modes. This meets the diverse needs of rock degradation research in complex environments, enabling a single device to complete multiple environmental simulation tests, replacing the functions of multiple decentralized devices and reducing laboratory equipment procurement and maintenance costs. This avoids the need to transfer samples between multiple devices, reduces manual operations and equipment switching, improves test efficiency, reduces the risk of sample contamination, and has a compact structure, facilitating efficient use of laboratory space. The cooling, temperature and humidity, and freeze-thaw simulation units in the environmental simulation module are all connected to and intelligently controlled by the control module. The control module can precisely regulate the operation of each functional component, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the simulated environmental parameters. Compared with traditional manual control methods, this reduces errors caused by human factors, making test results more reliable and providing strong support for studying the degradation patterns of rocks in complex environments.

[0041] This application uses a controller in the control module to control each on-off unit, intelligently controlling each simulation unit and precisely regulating the operation of functional components such as the temperature simulation unit and the humidity simulation unit, ensuring highly accurate and stable simulated environmental parameters. It can simulate various cooling processes in real environments, supporting three modes: natural cooling, liquid cooling, and air cooling. It can also accurately simulate complex temperature and humidity conditions, enabling dynamic control of unsaturated conditions, hot and humid conditions, and cold and humid conditions. This makes the test results more realistic and provides strong support for studying the degradation patterns of rocks in complex environments.

[0042] The detection module in this application monitors key parameters of the simulated environment in real time, including air tightness, temperature, humidity, air pressure, and sample dryness. This not only enables timely detection of environmental parameter anomalies, ensuring smooth testing, but also provides detailed and accurate data for analyzing the rock degradation process, greatly enhancing the credibility and scientific nature of the test results.

[0043] The controller in the control module of this application uses PLC programming to achieve automated control, simplifying the operating process, reducing manual operation errors, and lowering the uncertainty of test condition control. It also reduces direct contact between experimenters and high- or low-temperature specimens, improving experimental safety. The entire test process is more efficient, safe, and reliable, promoting research and development in the field of geotechnical engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 A front view of a complex environment rock degradation test device according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 Rear view of a complex environment rock degradation test device according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 A rear view schematic diagram of the structure of a complex environment rock degradation test device of the present invention;

[0047] In the figure: 101, test chamber; 102, water tank; 103, water pump; 104, sprinkler head; 105, vacuum pump; 106, condenser; 107, heater; 108, T-joint; 109, sample rack; 110, sample; 111, PLC controller; 201, first solenoid valve; 202, second solenoid valve; 203, third solenoid valve; 204, fourth solenoid valve; 205, fifth solenoid valve; 206, sixth solenoid valve; 207, seventh solenoid valve; 301, bottom vent; 302, top vent; 303, bottom drain hole; 401, first fan; 402, second Fan; 403, third fan; 501, first water pipe; 502, vacuum tube; 503, first ventilation duct; 504, second ventilation duct; 505, third ventilation duct; 506, fourth ventilation duct; 507, fifth ventilation duct; 508, sixth ventilation duct; 509, seventh ventilation duct; 510, eighth ventilation duct; 511, ninth ventilation duct; 512, tenth ventilation duct; 513, eleventh ventilation duct; 514, twelfth ventilation duct; 601, temperature and humidity sensor; 602, first liquid level sensor; 603, second liquid level sensor; 604, air pressure sensor; 605, ultrasonic transducer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] A complex environment rock degradation test device comprises: a test chamber, a functional module, a control module, an environmental simulation module and a detection module.

[0049] The test chamber is a box-like structure, with a sample rack installed inside. The top of the test chamber is an openable cover for placing samples on the sample rack inside the test chamber. The test chamber is sealed to prevent gas or liquid leakage. The cover is provided with a top vent, the bottom plate is provided with a bottom vent, and the side panels of the test chamber are provided with side vents. The top vent, the bottom vent, and the side vents allow airflow provided by the functional components to flow in or out, achieving air circulation within the test chamber. A drainage hole is provided at the bottom of the test chamber to facilitate the recovery of liquid within the test chamber.

[0050] In this application, the functional components include a temperature simulation unit, a humidity simulation unit, a negative pressure unit, and an airflow simulation unit;

[0051] The temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the test chamber, and the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module, and the control module controls the functional components to provide a simulated environment.

[0052] In this application, the environmental simulation module includes a cooling simulation unit, a temperature and humidity simulation unit, and a freeze-thaw simulation unit;

[0053] The cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit share functional components, and use the shared functional components to simulate degradation tests of the samples under different cooling modes, different temperature and humidity modes, and different freeze-thaw modes; the cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module.

[0054] The cooling simulation unit adjusts the temperature and humidity in the test chamber through the temperature simulation unit and the humidity simulation unit, and adjusts the airflow in the test chamber through the airflow simulation unit to simulate different wind speeds. By adjusting the temperature, humidity, and airflow in the test chamber, degradation tests of the samples under various cooling modes can be carried out.

[0055] The temperature and humidity simulation unit adjusts the temperature and humidity in the test chamber through the temperature simulation unit and the humidity simulation unit, and performs degradation tests on samples under different temperature and humidity modes.

[0056] The freeze-thaw simulation unit adjusts the temperature and humidity in the test chamber through the temperature simulation unit and the humidity simulation unit, and adjusts the airflow size in the test chamber through the airflow simulation unit to perform freeze-thaw tests on samples under different conditions.

[0057] In the present application, the temperature simulation unit includes a heater and a condenser;

[0058] The heater and the condenser are respectively located outside the test chamber and are respectively connected to the test chamber. The controllers of the heater and the condenser are respectively connected to the controller in the control module.

[0059] In the present application, the airflow simulation unit includes a first fan located on one side of the sample rack, a second fan located below the sample rack, and a third fan located above the sample rack;

[0060] The first fan is located outside the test chamber, and an input end of the first fan is connected to the condenser;

[0061] The second fan and the third fan are respectively located inside the test chamber, the input end of the second fan is respectively connected to the output end of the first fan and the output end of the heater, and the output end of the second fan is connected to the third fan;

[0062] The output end of the third fan faces the sample;

[0063] The first fan, the second fan and the controller of the second fan are respectively connected to the control module.

[0064] In this application, the humidity simulation unit includes a water tank, a water pump, and several sprinkler heads;

[0065] The water tank is located outside the sample holding container, and the water tank contains a sample simulation liquid; wherein the simulation liquid can be any one of water, NaCl solution, and acidic solution;

[0066] The spray head is installed inside the sample holding container and faces the sample, and is connected to the output end of the water pump;

[0067] The water pump is placed in the water tank, and its controller controls the controller in the module. The water pump is a flow-adjustable pump that delivers liquid to the spray heads according to the required flow rate. The spray heads are arranged at multiple angles within the test chamber to evenly spray the liquid onto the specimen or to facilitate the vacuum pump to extract air from the test chamber, creating a negative pressure environment.

[0068] In this application, the detection module includes a temperature and humidity detection unit, an air pressure detection unit, a liquid level detection unit, and a sample dryness detection unit;

[0069] The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit, and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively placed in the test chamber;

[0070] The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit, and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively connected to the controller in the control module. The temperature and humidity detection unit is a temperature and humidity sensor, the air pressure detection unit is an air pressure sensor, and the sample dryness detection unit is an ultrasonic transducer.

[0071] In this application, the control module includes an on-off control unit and a controller;

[0072] The control module includes an on-off control unit and a controller;

[0073] The on-off control unit is connected to the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit and airflow simulation unit respectively, and is used to control the on-off status of the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit and airflow simulation unit. The on-off control unit is connected to the controller respectively.

[0074] In this application, the on-off control unit is a solenoid valve, which includes a first solenoid valve 201 located at the output end of the water pump, a second solenoid valve 202 located at the output end of the vacuum pump, a third solenoid valve 203 located between the bottom vent and the condenser 106, a fourth solenoid valve 204 located between the top vent and the heater 107, a fifth solenoid valve 205 located between the bottom vent and the second fan 402, a sixth solenoid valve 206 located between the third fan 403 and the second fan 402, and a seventh solenoid valve 207 located between the drain hole and the bottom drain hole. The second fan 402 is a reversible fan, and the controller is a PLC controller. The first solenoid valve 201, the second solenoid valve 202, the third solenoid valve 203, the fourth solenoid valve 204, the fifth solenoid valve 205, the sixth solenoid valve 206, and the seventh solenoid valve 207 are respectively connected to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the on-off of the solenoid valves, and the solenoid valves ensure the direction of air or liquid flow to prevent backflow. The operation of the vacuum pump 105 , the first fan 401 , the second fan 402 , the third fan 403 , the heater 107 , the condenser 106 , the water pump 103 , the solenoid valve and other equipment is coordinated by the PLC controller.

[0075] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] Example

[0077] See also Figure 1-3 , this embodiment provides a complex environment rock degradation test device.

[0078] In this embodiment, the sample 110 is a rock sample; the test chamber 101 is a box-shaped structure, and a sample rack 109 is installed inside the test chamber 101, and the sample rack 109 is composed of a mesh structure and supporting legs; the cover on the top of the test chamber 101 can be opened to facilitate placing the sample 110 on the sample rack 109 or taking out the sample 110; ventilation holes are respectively provided at the bottom of the left front side, the top of the right rear side, and the bottom of the right rear side of the test chamber 101, and a bottom drain hole 303 is provided at the bottom of the test chamber 101.

[0079] In this embodiment, the liquid contained in the water tank 102 in the humidity simulation unit is water. The water tank 102 is fixed to the side of the top of the test chamber 101 and has an open top. A water pump 103 is placed in the water tank 102. A spray head 104 is fixed to the inside of the lid of the top of the test chamber 101, located above the sample rack 109, with the output port of the spray head 104 facing the sample 110. A T-shaped connector is installed at the input end of the spray head 104. One end of the T-shaped connector is connected to the output end of the water pump 103 via a first water pipe 501, and the other end of the T-shaped connector is connected to the vacuum pump 105 via a vacuum pipe 502. A first solenoid valve 201 is installed at the connection between the first water pipe 501 and the T-shaped connector. A second solenoid valve 202 is installed at the connection between the vacuum pipe 502 and the T-shaped connector.

[0080] In this embodiment, the heater 107 in the temperature simulation unit is located on the left side of the sample rack 109 and is installed in the test chamber 101; the condenser 106 and the first fan 401 are located on the right side of the sample rack 109 and are installed outside the test chamber 101; the second fan 402 is located below the sample rack 109 and is installed in the test chamber 101;

[0081] The condenser 106 is connected to the third solenoid valve 203 through the second ventilation pipe 504, the first fan 401 is connected to the condenser 106 through the third ventilation pipe 505, and the first fan 401 is connected to the second fan 402 (i.e., the reverse fan) through the fourth ventilation pipe 506, the second fan 402 is connected to the heater 107 through the fifth ventilation pipe 507, and the heater 107 is connected to the fourth solenoid valve 204 through the sixth ventilation pipe 508; the fifth solenoid valve 205 is connected to the first ventilation pipe 503 through the eighth ventilation pipe 510, and the fifth solenoid valve 205 is connected to the fourth ventilation pipe 506 through the ninth ventilation pipe 511; the sixth solenoid valve 206 is connected to the fifth ventilation pipe 507 through the tenth ventilation pipe 512; the sixth solenoid valve 206 is connected to the third fan 403 through the eleventh ventilation pipe 513, the third fan 403 is connected to the seventh ventilation pipe 509 through the twelfth ventilation pipe 514, and the seventh solenoid valve 207 is connected to the bottom drain hole 303. In this embodiment, the condenser 106 cools the air to a set temperature (e.g., -20°C). The heater 107 is a resistance heater that heats the air via a resistance wire. In this embodiment, the heater 107 is connected to the second fan 402 via a fifth ventilation duct 507. The second fan 402 promotes the flow of hot air, allowing the hot air to enter the test chamber 101 for circulation. The condenser 106 is connected to the first fan 401 via a third air duct 505. The first fan 401 promotes the flow of cold air, allowing the hot air to enter the test chamber 101 for circulation.

[0082] In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity sensor 601 is located on the side wall of the test chamber 101, where the bottom vent is located, at a height aligned with the centerline of the specimen 110. The liquid level detection unit includes a first liquid level sensor 602 and a second liquid level sensor 603. The first liquid level sensor 602 is located on the side wall where the bottom vent 301 is located, at a height higher than the top of the specimen. The second liquid level sensor 603 is located 5 cm directly above the first liquid level sensor 602. The air pressure sensor 604 is mounted on the side wall where the top vent 302 is located, at a height higher than the second liquid level sensor 603. Ultrasonic transducers 605 are located on both sides of the specimen 110.

[0083] The water pump 103, the first solenoid valve 201, the second solenoid valve 202, the third solenoid valve 203, the fourth solenoid valve 204, the fifth solenoid valve 205, the sixth solenoid valve 206, the seventh solenoid valve 207, the condenser 106, the heater 107, the temperature and humidity sensor 601, the air pressure sensor 604, the first liquid level sensor 602, the second liquid level sensor 603 and the ultrasonic transducer 605 are connected to the PLC controller through cables, and the opening and closing of each functional component are automatically controlled by the PLC controller.

[0084] In this embodiment, the freeze-thaw test is exemplified by a dry-wet cycle experiment considering the sample saturation and a freeze-thaw test considering the saturation, specifically:

[0085] Ⅰ. Dry-wet cycle test considering sample saturation

[0086] ① Open the top cover of the test chamber 101 , place the sample 110 on the sample rack 109 , install the ultrasonic transducer 605 around the sample 110 , and close the top cover of the test chamber 101 .

[0087] ② Record the data of the air pressure sensor 604 as P1, close the other solenoid valves, open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and monitor the pressure drop of the sample box through the air pressure sensor 604. If the initial pressure drop rate meets the formula P(t) = P0e -λt , (where P0 is the initial air pressure, λ is the vacuum pump extraction rate, and t is time), if the air pressure can drop to 100 Pa in the later stage, the air tightness of the device is good, turn off the vacuum pump 105 and the second solenoid valve 202, open the seventh solenoid valve 207, monitor the air pressure in the test chamber 101 through the air pressure sensor 604 to restore it to the normal pressure state P1, and close the seventh solenoid valve 207.

[0088] ③ Open the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence, turn on the second fan 402, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the bottom vent 301 to the top vent 302, turn on the heater 107, dry and heat the sample, and monitor the sample box temperature through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 to maintain it at 105℃~110℃. If the temperature exceeds the upper limit, turn off the heater 107; if the temperature is lower than the lower limit, turn on the heater 107. Dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605. If the difference between the two wave velocities does not exceed 1%, the sample is considered to be dry. Keep it for 24 hours and record the sound velocity value V d1 , turn off the heater 107, turn off the second fan 402, and close the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence.

[0089] ④ Add water to the water tank 102, open the first solenoid valve 201, turn on the water pump 103, and inject water into the water tank through the sprinkler head 104. After the water level is monitored by the second liquid level sensor 603 to submerge the sample 110, turn off the water pump 103 and close the first solenoid valve 201.

[0090] ⑤ Open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and quickly absorb water from the sample. When the first liquid level sensor 602 in the sample box detects that the liquid level is insufficient, close the vacuum pump 105, close the second solenoid valve 202, open the first solenoid valve 201, start the water pump 103, and fill water into the test chamber 101 to the second liquid level sensor 603. Close the water pump 103 and the first solenoid valve 201, open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and continue the sample water absorption operation. Monitor the sample water absorption wave velocity value V through the ultrasonic transducer 605 ω1 , monitor the water temperature value t through the temperature and humidity sensor 601 i .

[0091] ⑥ When When the sample saturation reaches S r , (where V i is the propagation speed of ultrasound in liquid, V is taken in water i =1482+1.5(t i -20) m / s), turn off the vacuum pump 105, close the second solenoid valve 202, open the seventh solenoid valve 207, and drain the liquid in the test chamber 101, which is recorded as one dry-wet cycle.

[0092] ⑦ Repeat steps ② to ⑥ for multiple dry-wet cycles, and record the drying wave velocity of the nth cycle as V dn , the water absorption wave velocity is V ωn , then at this saturation, the rock damage degree

[0093] ⑧ The liquid in the water tank 102 can be set to water, NaCl solution, acid solution, etc. according to the simulation environment, and the saturation S r It can also be set according to the actual environment.

[0094] II. Freeze-thaw test considering saturation

[0095] ① Open the lid on the top of the test chamber 101, place the sample 110 on the sample rack 109, install the ultrasonic transducer 605 around the sample, and close the lid on the top of the test chamber 101.

[0096] ② Record the data of the air pressure sensor 604 as P1, close all solenoid valves, open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and monitor the pressure drop of the sample box through the air pressure sensor 604. If the initial pressure drop rate meets the formula P(t) = P0e -λt , (where P0 is the initial air pressure, λ is the vacuum pump exhaust rate, and t is time). If the air pressure can drop to 100 Pa in the later stage, the air tightness of the device is good. Turn off the vacuum pump 105 and the second solenoid valve 202, open the seventh solenoid valve 207, monitor the pressure of the sample box through the pressure sensor 604, and restore it to the normal pressure state P1, and close the seventh solenoid valve 207.

[0097] ③ Open the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence, turn on the second fan 402, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the bottom vent 301 to the top vent 302, turn on the heater 107, dry and heat the sample 110, and monitor the sample box temperature at 105-110°C through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601. If the temperature exceeds the upper limit, turn off the heater 107; if the temperature is lower than the lower limit, turn on the heater 107. Dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605. If the difference between the two wave velocities does not exceed 1%, the sample 110 is considered to be dry, and record the sound velocity value V d , turn off the heater 107, turn off the second fan 402, and close the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence.

[0098] ④ Add water to the water tank 102, open the first solenoid valve 201, turn on the water pump 103, and inject water into the water tank through the sprinkler head 104. After the water level is monitored by the second liquid level sensor 603 and the sample is submerged, turn off the water pump 103 and close the first solenoid valve 201.

[0099] ⑤ Open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and quickly absorb water from the sample. When the first liquid level sensor 602 in the sample box detects that the liquid level is insufficient, close the vacuum pump 105, close the second solenoid valve 202, open the first solenoid valve 201, start the water pump 103, and fill the sample box with water up to the second liquid level sensor 603. Close the water pump 103, close the first solenoid valve 201, open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and continue the sample absorption operation. Monitor the sample water absorption wave velocity value V through the ultrasonic transducer 605 ω1 , monitor the water temperature value T through the temperature and humidity sensor i .

[0100] ⑥ When When the sample saturation reaches S r , (where V i is the propagation speed of ultrasound in liquid, V in water l =1482+1.5(T l -20) m / s), turn off the vacuum pump 105, close the second electromagnetic valve 202, open the seventh electromagnetic valve 207, drain the liquid in the sample box, and close the seventh electromagnetic valve 207.

[0101] ⑦ Open the third solenoid valve 203 and the sixth solenoid valve 206 in sequence, open the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the top vent 302 to the bottom vent 301, freeze the sample 110 at low temperature, monitor the temperature in the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601, and control the temperature at -20±2℃. When the temperature is lower than the limit, turn off the condenser 106, turn off the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403. When the temperature is higher than the limit, open the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, keep it for 4 hours, turn off the condenser 106, turn off the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403.

[0102] ⑧ Open the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence, turn on the second fan 402, and adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the bottom vent 301 to the top vent 302. Turn on the heater 107 to dry and heat the sample and perform the melting process. Monitor the sample box temperature at 20±2°C through the temperature and humidity sensor 601. If the temperature exceeds the upper limit, turn off the heater 107. If the temperature is lower than the lower limit, turn on the heater 107 and keep it for 4 hours. Dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605 and record the sound velocity value V m , turn off the heater 107, turn off the second fan 402, and turn off the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence. This is the rock sample at saturation S rA freeze-thaw test.

[0103] ⑨ Repeat steps ④ to ⑧ to conduct multiple freeze-thaw tests, and record the wave velocity value measured by the melting of the nth test as V mn , then the rock sample at this saturation has a damage degree of

[0104] ⑧The liquid in the water tank can be set to water, NaCl solution, acid solution, etc. according to the simulation environment. The saturation S r It can also be set according to the actual environment.

[0105] In this embodiment, the rock degradation test under different cooling modes is specifically as follows:

[0106] III. Experiments on high-temperature rock degradation under various cooling modes

[0107] ① Open the top cover of the test chamber 101, place the sample 110 on the sample rack 109, install the ultrasonic transducer 605 around the sample, and close the top cover of the test chamber 101.

[0108] ②Record the data of air pressure sensor 604 as P1, and record the room temperature T in the test chamber. a , close all solenoid valves, open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and monitor the pressure drop of the sample box through the pressure sensor 604. If the initial pressure drop rate meets the formula P(t) = P0e -λt , (where P0 is the initial air pressure, λ is the vacuum pump exhaust rate, and t is time). If the air pressure can drop to 100 Pa in the later stage, the air tightness of the device is good. Turn off the vacuum pump 105 and the second solenoid valve 202, open the seventh solenoid valve 207, monitor the pressure of the sample box through the pressure sensor 604, and restore it to the normal pressure state P1, and close the seventh solenoid valve 207.

[0109] ③ Open the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence, turn on the second fan 402, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the bottom vent 301 to the top vent 302, turn on the heater 107, dry and heat the sample, and monitor the sample box temperature through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 to maintain it at 105-110°C. If the temperature exceeds the upper limit, turn off the heater 107; if the temperature is lower than the lower limit, turn on the heater 107. Dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605. If the difference between the two wave velocities does not exceed 1%, the sample is considered to be dry. Keep it for 24 hours and record the sound velocity value V d , turn off the heater 107, turn off the second fan 402, and close the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence.

[0110] ④ Carry out warm water cooling. Add water to the water tank 102, open the first solenoid valve 201, turn on the water pump 103, and inject water into the water tank through the sprinkler head 104. After the water level is monitored by the second liquid level sensor 603 and the sample is submerged, turn off the water pump 103, close the first solenoid valve 201, and record the water temperature through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601. After 20 minutes, open the seventh solenoid valve 207 to drain the water. Repeat this step process, add water to the test box, record the water temperature, and drain the water after 20 minutes until the water temperature reaches the room temperature T a , stop the test, record the wave velocity value of sample 110 as V1 through ultrasonic transducer 605, and the degradation degree of rock caused by warm water cooling

[0111] ⑤ After repeating the above steps ① to ③, start cooling with cold air. Open the third solenoid valve 203 and the sixth solenoid valve 206 in sequence, open the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the top vent 302 to the bottom vent 301, monitor the temperature inside the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601, and control the temperature at T a ±5℃, when the temperature is lower than the limit, turn off the condenser 106, turn off the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403; when the temperature is higher than the limit, turn on the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, and record the temperature in the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 until the temperature in the sample box no longer rises, and maintain T a The test is stopped and the wave velocity value of the sample 110 is recorded by the ultrasonic transducer 605 as V2. The degree of degradation of the rock by the cold wind cooling is

[0112] ⑥ After repeating the above steps ① to ③, the temperature is naturally lowered and the temperature inside the sample box is recorded by the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 until the temperature inside the sample box no longer rises and the temperature is kept at T a The test is stopped, and the wave velocity value of the sample 110 is recorded by the ultrasonic transducer 605 as V3. The degradation degree of the rock due to natural cooling is

[0113] IV. Rock degradation test under hot and humid environment

[0114] ① Open the top cover of the test chamber 101, place the sample 110 on the sample rack 109, install the ultrasonic transducer 605 around the sample, and close the top cover of the test chamber 101.

[0115] ② Record the data of the air pressure sensor 604 as P1, and the isomorphic ultrasonic transducer 605 records the rock wave velocity V0. Close all solenoid valves, open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and monitor the pressure drop of the sample box through the air pressure sensor 604. If the initial pressure drop rate meets the formula P(t) = P0e -λt , (where P0 is the initial air pressure, λ is the vacuum pump exhaust rate, and t is time). If the air pressure can drop to 100 Pa in the later stage, the air tightness of the device is good. Turn off the vacuum pump 105 and the second solenoid valve 202, open the seventh solenoid valve 207, monitor the pressure of the sample box through the pressure sensor 604, and restore it to the normal pressure state P1, and close the seventh solenoid valve 207.

[0116] ③ Open the fourth solenoid valve 204 and the fifth solenoid valve 205 in sequence, turn on the second fan 402, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the bottom vent 301 to the top vent 302, turn on the heater 107, dry and heat the sample, and monitor the temperature of the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 to maintain it at T1±2℃. If the temperature exceeds the upper limit, turn off the heater 107, and if the temperature is lower than the lower limit, turn on the heater 107.

[0117] ④ Add water to the water tank 102, open the first solenoid valve 201, turn on the water pump 103, and spray water into the sample box through the sprinkler head 104 to increase the humidity in the sample box. Monitor the humidity in the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 and maintain it at H1±2%. If the humidity is lower than the upper limit, open the first solenoid valve 201 and turn on the water pump 103 to increase the humidity. If the humidity exceeds the upper limit, open the seventh solenoid valve 207 to discharge the moisture.

[0118] ⑤ Maintain the specified temperature and humidity for 24 hours, dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605, and record the sound velocity value V TH1 This is a rock degradation experiment at temperature T1 and humidity H1. The rock degradation degree is

[0119] ⑥ Temperature and humidity can be changed to conduct multiple tests

[0120] Ⅴ. Rock degradation test under wet and cold environment

[0121] ① Open the top cover of the test chamber 101, place the sample 110 on the sample rack 109, install the ultrasonic transducer 605 around the sample, and close the top cover of the test chamber 101.

[0122] ② Record the data of the air pressure sensor 604 as P1, and the isomorphic ultrasonic transducer 605 records the rock wave velocity V0. Close all solenoid valves, open the second solenoid valve 202, start the vacuum pump 105, and monitor the pressure drop of the sample box through the air pressure sensor 604. If the initial pressure drop rate meets the formula P(t) = P0e-λt , (where P0 is the initial air pressure, λ is the vacuum pump exhaust rate, and t is time). If the air pressure can drop to 100 Pa in the later stage, the air tightness of the device is good. Turn off the vacuum pump 105 and the second solenoid valve 202, open the seventh solenoid valve 207, monitor the pressure of the sample box through the pressure sensor 604, and restore it to the normal pressure state P1, and close the seventh solenoid valve 207.

[0123] ③ Open the third solenoid valve 203 and the sixth solenoid valve 206 in sequence, open the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403, adjust the wind direction of the second fan 402 from the top vent 302 to the bottom vent 301, monitor the temperature in the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601, and control the temperature at T2±2℃. When the temperature is lower than the limit, turn off the condenser 106, turn off the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403. When the temperature is higher than the limit, open the condenser 106, turn on the first fan 401, the second fan 402 and the third fan 403.

[0124] ④ Add water to the water tank 102, open the first solenoid valve 201, turn on the water pump 103, and spray water into the sample box through the sprinkler head 104 to increase the humidity in the sample box. Monitor the humidity in the sample box through the first temperature and humidity sensor 601 and maintain it at H1±2%. If the humidity is lower than the upper limit, open the first solenoid valve 201 and turn on the water pump 103 to increase the humidity. If the humidity exceeds the upper limit, open the seventh solenoid valve 207 to discharge the moisture.

[0125] ⑤ Maintain the specified temperature and humidity for 24 hours, dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the sample 110 through the ultrasonic transducer 605, and record the sound velocity value V TH1 This is a rock degradation experiment at temperature T1 and humidity H1. The rock degradation degree is

[0126] In this embodiment, by adjusting the various parameters of the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit, and airflow simulation unit in the functional components, the cooling simulation unit can perform "high-temperature rock degradation tests under multiple cooling modes"; the temperature and humidity simulation unit can perform "rock degradation tests under hot and humid environments" and "rock degradation tests under cold and humid environments", and the freeze-thaw simulation unit can perform "dry-wet cycle experiments considering sample saturation" and "freeze-thaw tests considering saturation", so as to integrate multiple test functions such as dry-wet cycle, freeze-thaw cycle, high-temperature and low-temperature environment simulation, avoid the transfer of samples between multiple devices, reduce manual operations and equipment switching, reduce the risk of sample contamination, and improve experimental efficiency. Among them, in the process of simulating the cooling of the real environment, three cooling modes are supported: natural cooling, liquid cooling, and air cooling. It can simulate multiple cooling conditions in the real environment. Compared with the existing single natural cooling method, it expands the application scenarios of environmental simulation and makes the experimental results more realistic. And it can accurately simulate complex environmental temperature and humidity: integrated temperature and humidity sensors and automatic control devices can realize real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of temperature and humidity in the test chamber, accurately simulate complex environmental conditions such as non-saturated state, high temperature and humidity, and cold and humidity, to make up for the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0127] The complex environment rock degradation test device provided in this embodiment integrates vacuum saturation, cold and warm air circulation, spraying, freeze-thaw cycle, and dry-wet cycle functions to improve test efficiency. At the same time, different functions can be dynamically switched (such as dry-wet freeze-thaw cycle of unsaturated rock samples) to meet the needs of complex environment simulation experiments.

[0128] In this embodiment, both the cold and warm air and the liquid adopt a closed-loop circulation system, which reduces energy consumption and improves efficiency.

[0129] The device uses a PLC programmable controller to achieve automated control of modules such as the water pump, solenoid valve, fan, vacuum pump, condenser, and heater. Each functional component is fully automatically controlled through the PLC controller and solenoid valves. This not only simplifies the operating process, but also significantly improves the control accuracy of test conditions and reduces errors caused by manual operation. The automated system reduces the risk of direct contact between experimental personnel and high-temperature or low-temperature specimens, thereby improving the safety of the experimental process.

[0130] This device can complete multiple environmental simulation tests in one device, replacing the functions of multiple separate devices and significantly reducing laboratory equipment procurement and maintenance costs. The device has a compact structure and facilitates efficient use of laboratory space.

[0131] At the same time, the device provided in this application can be extended to environmental degradation tests of geotechnical materials and other durability research samples (such as concrete, stone, etc.), and has a wide range of applicability. It can realize the comprehensive simulation of various environmental conditions, providing important technical support for the research and development of geotechnical materials and engineering design. Specifically: The device described in this application can be used to study the degradation of rocks, concrete, soil, etc. in complex environments such as freeze-thaw, dry-wet cycles, etc., and can be used for environmental adaptability tests of engineering materials such as bridges, tunnels, and roads in engineering simulation experiments, as well as environmental simulation experiments in universities and research institutions.

[0132] This application not only improves experimental efficiency but also expands the scope of application of environmental degradation simulation through multifunctional integrated design, closed-loop efficient operation and automated control, providing a reliable experimental means for material performance research.

Claims

1. A complex environment rock degradation test device, characterized in that: The test device comprises: The test chamber is used to hold samples and provide a testing location; Functional components, connected to the test chamber to provide a simulated environment for it; Control module; Environmental simulation module, including cooling simulation unit, temperature and humidity simulation unit, and freeze-thaw simulation unit; The cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit share functional components, and respectively simulate degradation tests of the sample in different cooling modes, different temperature and humidity modes, and different freeze-thaw modes by means of the functional components. The cooling simulation unit, the temperature and humidity simulation unit, and the freeze-thaw simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module and accept intelligent control of the control module; the different cooling modes include warm water cooling, cold air cooling, and natural cooling; the different temperature and humidity modes include degradation tests in a hot and humid environment and degradation tests in a cold and humid environment; the different freeze-thaw modes include a dry-wet cycle test considering saturation and a freeze-thaw test considering saturation: Detection modules are respectively arranged in the test chamber, and are used to detect the air tightness of the simulated environment, the temperature and humidity of the simulated environment, the air pressure and the dryness of the sample; the functional components include a temperature simulation unit, a humidity simulation unit, a negative pressure unit and an airflow simulation unit; The temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the test chamber, and the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit, negative pressure unit and airflow simulation unit are respectively connected to the control module; The detection module includes a temperature and humidity detection unit, an air pressure detection unit, a liquid level detection unit, and a sample dryness detection unit, and the sample dryness detection unit is an ultrasonic transducer; The ultrasonic transducer is used to dynamically monitor the wave velocity of the drying and heating sample. If the difference between the two wave velocities does not exceed 1%, the sample is considered to have reached a dry state. The ultrasonic transducer is used to record the wave velocity of the sample under different cooling modes and compare it with the wave velocity of the dry state sample to determine the degree of degradation of the rock under different cooling modes. The ultrasonic transducer is used to dynamically monitor the wave velocity sample under specified temperature and humidity and record the sound velocity value. , which is the temperature T 1. Rock degradation experiment under humidity H1, rock degradation degree ,in V 0 is the initial wave velocity of the rock; Monitor the water absorption velocity of the sample by ultrasonic transducer V ω1 , monitor the water temperature through the temperature and humidity detection unit, when When the sample is considered to have reached saturation S r , where V I is the propagation speed of ultrasound in water, is the drying wave speed.

2. A complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature simulation unit includes a heater and a condenser; The heater and the condenser are respectively located outside the test chamber and are respectively connected to the test chamber. The controllers of the heater and the condenser are respectively connected to the control module.

3. The complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The airflow simulation unit includes a first fan located on one side of the sample rack, a second fan located below the sample rack, and a third fan located above the sample rack; The first fan is located outside the test chamber, and an input end of the first fan is connected to the condenser; The second fan and the third fan are respectively located inside the test chamber, the input end of the second fan is respectively connected to the output end of the first fan and the output end of the heater, and the output end of the second fan is connected to the third fan; The output end of the third fan faces the sample; The controllers of the first fan, the second fan and the third fan are respectively connected to the control module.

4. The complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humidity simulation unit includes a water tank, a water pump and a plurality of sprinkler heads; The water tank is located outside the test chamber, and the water tank contains sample simulated water; The spray head is installed on the inner side of the test chamber and faces the sample, and the spray head is connected to the output end of the water pump; The water pump is placed in the water tank, and the controller of the water pump is connected to the control module.

5. The complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The negative pressure unit includes a vacuum pump; The output end of the vacuum pump is connected to the spray head.

6. The complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit, and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively placed in the test chamber; The temperature and humidity detection unit, the air pressure detection unit, the liquid level detection unit, and the sample dryness detection unit are respectively connected to the control module.

7. The complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes an on-off control unit and a controller; The on-off control unit is connected to the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit and airflow simulation unit respectively, and is used to control the on-off status of the temperature simulation unit, humidity simulation unit and airflow simulation unit. The on-off control unit is connected to the controller respectively.

8. The complex environment rock degradation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom, side walls and top of the test chamber are respectively provided with ventilation holes and drainage holes, and a sample rack is provided in the test chamber; The sample rack is provided with a gap between itself and the inner wall of the test chamber, and is installed in the test chamber.

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