Three-layer digital-analog hybrid beam forming array and MIMO transmit-receive system architecture

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-layer digital-analog hybrid beam forming array and an MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) transceiving system architecture. The three-layer digital-analog hybrid beam forming array sequentially comprises a third-stage sub-array with a digital full-connection framework, a second-stage sub-array with an analog sub-array connection framework and a first-stage sub-array with an analog full-connection framework along a signal transmitting direction; the array comprises a first-stage sub-array with an analog full-connection architecture, a second-stage sub-array with an analog sub-array connection architecture and a third-stage sub-array with a digital full-connection architecture in sequence along a signal receiving direction. The advantages of a traditional full-connection hybrid beam forming framework and a sub-array connection beam forming framework are combined, a large-scale three-layer digital analog hybrid beam forming array is achieved, a plurality of beams are generated at the same time, and the advantages of high system beam forming performance, low circuit design and baseband signal processing complexity are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array and a MIMO transceiver system architecture. Background Art

[0002] Beamforming technology is an important technology in millimeter wave massive MIMO systems and has been widely used in wireless communications and other fields. With the development of communication technology, communication systems are required to have high communication rates, large system capacity, and multi-user data transmission.

[0003] At present, beamforming architectures are mainly divided into analog beamforming, digital beamforming and hybrid beamforming. The analog beamforming architecture uses analog phase shifters and variable gain amplifiers to achieve amplitude and phase control of signals in the RF link. In the analog beamforming architecture, multiple RF links are only connected to one baseband channel, which has a simple system integration method, but can only generate one beam and cannot achieve multi-channel data transmission at the same time, and the system capacity is low. The digital beamforming architecture uses multiple independent baseband channels to control the amplitude and phase of digital signals, and can generate multiple beams at the same time. It has the theoretically optimal system capacity, but when applied to large-scale arrays, the digital beamforming architecture requires a large number of baseband channels, which greatly increases the baseband hardware cost and signal processing complexity.

[0004] To solve the above problems, a hybrid beamforming architecture was proposed, which combines the advantages of analog beamforming and digital beamforming, can greatly reduce system power consumption and complexity, while ensuring beamforming accuracy and flexibility. At present, hybrid beamforming architectures include fully connected architectures and sub-array partially connected architectures. In the fully connected architecture, each baseband channel is connected to the antenna after passing through the RF link, has a high degree of freedom, can generate multiple beams at the same time, and theoretically has the potential to achieve optimal system capacity. However, the number of RF channels is large, and when the array scale increases, the circuit complexity increases, making it difficult to achieve large-scale fully connected phased array integration. In the sub-array partially connected architecture, each baseband channel is connected to the analog beamforming sub-array, which has both high performance and low complexity, and can generate multiple beams at the same time, but the number of beams is limited by the number of sub-arrays, and the direction of the beam is limited by the sub-array radiation pattern, which limits the flexibility of beamforming. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the above-mentioned existing technologies and provide a three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array and MIMO transceiver system architecture of analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection. The present invention can realize a large-scale three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array, generate multiple beams at the same time, and realize the simultaneous transmission of Q×M independent signals, with the advantages of high system beamforming performance and low circuit design and baseband signal processing complexity.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array, comprising P×Q first-level subarrays having an analog fully connected architecture, Q second-level subarrays having an analog subarray connection architecture, and a third-level subarray having a digital fully connected architecture;

[0007] Along the signal transmission direction, the analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array includes a third-level subarray, a second-level subarray and a first-level subarray in sequence; along the signal reception direction, the analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array includes a first-level subarray, a second-level subarray and a third-level subarray in sequence;

[0008] Each of the first-level subarrays includes an analog fully-connected phased array, and the analog fully-connected phased array has M input ports and N output ports; each of the second-level subarrays is composed of P of the first-level subarrays connected to a digital transceiver module through M first power distribution networks, and the digital transceiver module has M input / output ports, and Q second-level subarrays have Q×M input / output ports; the third-level subarray is composed of Q of the second-level subarrays connected to M basebands through ports, each of the basebands has Q baseband channels, and M basebands have Q×M baseband channels.

[0009] Among them, in each second-level subarray, each first-level subarray is connected to one first power distribution network, and each first power distribution network is connected to one digital transceiver module to form a second-level subarray, forming Q second-level subarrays.

[0010] The Q×M input / output ports of the Q second-stage sub-arrays are respectively connected to the Q×M baseband channels of the M basebands.

[0011] Wherein, each of the analog fully connected phased arrays, when transmitting a signal, inputs M independent signals from M input ports, and each of the M independent signals is respectively subjected to N equal-amplitude and same-phase power distribution through a second power distribution network, generating a total of M×N output signals, which are respectively passed through M×N amplitude and phase control channels; wherein the i-th input signal generates N power distribution signals Sij After passing through M×N amplitude phase control channels, they are divided into N groups of signals S iN Then, the power is input into a third power distribution network for power synthesis, and N signals are output; each of the N signals contains M independent signals, which are output to N output ports after power amplification;

[0012] When receiving a signal, the signal is received by the N output ports, and each of the N signals input to the N output ports is power amplified and then passed through a third power distribution network for M equal-amplitude and same-phase power distribution, generating M×N signals that pass through M×N amplitude and phase control channels respectively; among them, the j-th input signal generates M power distribution signals S ij Entering the M×N strip phase control channels respectively, they are divided into M groups of signals S Mj Then it is input into a second power distribution network for power synthesis to generate M output signals.

[0013] Among them, the analog fully-connected phased array includes an amplitude and phase control channel with high isolation between channels, the amplitude and phase control channel is arranged between the second power distribution network and the third power distribution network, and includes an amplitude control module and a phase control module that are interconnected. The amplitude control module is connected to the second power distribution network, and the phase control module is connected to the third power distribution network. The amplitude control module and the phase control module are both independently regulated and work in a time-sharing bidirectional manner. Amplitude and phase control during transmission and reception are achieved through switching, and only transmission / reception unidirectional signal transmission is supported at the same time.

[0014] Among them, the third power distribution network is connected to a power amplifier module with a switch switching function. The amplifier module includes a power amplifier and a low-noise amplifier with opposite signal amplification directions and two switching switches for switching signal amplification channels to realize signal reception / transmission amplification channel switching control.

[0015] Among them, in the second-level subarray, each of the M output signals of the digital transceiver module is input into one of the first power distribution networks for P equal-amplitude and in-phase power distribution, generating P×M output signals and outputting them to P first-level subarrays; wherein the i-th first power distribution network generates M power distribution signals S ij , the generated P×M signals are divided into P groups of signals S iP Then, P first-stage sub-arrays are input to generate P×N output signals.

[0016] The digital transceiver module has M transceiver channels, each of which includes an amplifier, a frequency converter, and a digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module, and the amplifier, frequency converter, and digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module realize reception and transmission in a time-sharing manner;

[0017] Along the signal transmission direction, the digital transceiver module includes a digital-to-analog converter, an up-converter and an amplifier connected in sequence; along the signal reception direction, the digital transceiver module includes an amplifier, a down-converter and an analog-to-digital converter connected in sequence.

[0018] Among them, in the third-level sub-array, the j-th second-level sub-array outputs the i-th signal S ij , generating Q×M signals which are then divided into M groups of signals S Mj Then it is input to the Q baseband channels of the Mth baseband.

[0019] A second aspect of the present invention provides a MIMO transceiver system architecture, including the three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array.

[0020] The three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array provided by the present invention adopts a three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array architecture of analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection, which reduces the circuit complexity of the traditional fully connected hybrid beamforming array architecture and improves the beamforming performance of the traditional subarray connection hybrid beamforming array architecture. It is a hybrid beamforming array that can realize large-scale, low-complexity and high-performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming architecture of analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first-level subarray in the three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming architecture of analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second-level subarray in the three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming architecture of analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming architecture of an embodiment of the present invention includes a first-level subarray with an analog full connection architecture, a second-level subarray with an analog subarray connection architecture, and a third-level subarray with a digital full connection architecture.

[0026] Along the signal transmission direction, the analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array sequentially includes a third-level subarray 13 with a digital full connection architecture, a second-level subarray with an analog subarray connection architecture, and a first-level subarray with an analog full connection architecture; along the signal reception direction, the analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array sequentially includes a first-level subarray with an analog full connection architecture, a second-level subarray with an analog subarray connection architecture, and a third-level subarray 13 with a digital full connection architecture.

[0027] The first-level subarray with analog fully connected architecture includes an analog fully connected phased array; the second-level subarray with analog subarray connection architecture is composed of the first-level subarray synthesized through a first power distribution network and connected to respective digital transceiver modules; the third-level subarray 13 with digital fully connected architecture is composed of the output port of the second-level subarray connected to the port of the baseband channel in a certain manner; the output port of each first-level subarray composed of the analog fully connected phased array contains M independent output signals.

[0028] Specifically, each of the first-level subarrays includes an analog fully-connected phased array, and the analog fully-connected phased array has M input ports and N output ports; each of the second-level subarrays is composed of P of the first-level subarrays connected to a digital transceiver module through M first power distribution networks, and the digital transceiver module has M input / output ports, and Q second-level subarrays have Q×M input / output ports; the third-level subarray is composed of Q of the second-level subarrays connected to M basebands through ports, each of the basebands has Q baseband channels, and M basebands have Q×M baseband channels, thereby realizing simultaneous transmission of Q×M independent signals.

[0029] The second-level subarray includes a first second-level subarray 10, a second second-level subarray 11, and a Qth second-level subarray 12, and each of the second-level subarrays includes P first-level subarrays. The first second-level subarray 10 includes a first first-level subarray 1 of a first second-level subarray, a second first-level subarray 2 of a first second-level subarray, and a Pth first-level subarray 3 of a first second-level subarray; the second second-level subarray 11 includes a first first-level subarray 4 of a second second-level subarray, a second first-level subarray 5 of a second second-level subarray, and a Pth first-level subarray 6 of a second second-level subarray; the Qth second-level subarray 12 includes a first first-level subarray 7 of a Qth second-level subarray, a second first-level subarray 8 of a Qth second-level subarray, and a Pth first-level subarray 9 of a Qth second-level subarray.

[0030] Among them, in each second-level subarray, each first-level subarray is connected to one first power distribution network, and each first power distribution network is connected to one digital transceiver module to form a second-level subarray, forming Q second-level subarrays.

[0031] Correspondingly, the first power distribution network, such as Figure 1 As shown, in the first second-level subarray 10, the first power distribution network includes the first second-level subarray first first power distribution network 14, the first second-level subarray second first power distribution network 15, the first second-level subarray third first power distribution network 16, and the first second-level subarray Pth first power distribution network 17; in the second second-level subarray 11, the first power distribution network includes the second second-level subarray first first power distribution network 18, the second second-level subarray second first power distribution network 19, the second second-level subarray third first power distribution network 20, and the second second-level subarray Pth first power distribution network 21; in the Qth second-level subarray 12, the first power distribution network includes the Qth second-level subarray first first power distribution network 22, the Qth second-level subarray second first power distribution network 23, the Qth second-level subarray third first power distribution network 24, and the Qth second-level subarray Pth first power distribution network 25.

[0032] Among them, the digital transceiver module includes a first digital transceiver module 26, a second digital transceiver module 27, and a Qth digital transceiver module 28, and the baseband includes a first baseband 29, a second baseband 30, a third baseband 30, and an Mth baseband 32.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the third-level subarray 13 with a digital fully connected architecture includes Q second-level subarrays 10-12 and M basebands 29-32. Each second-level subarray has M ports, Q×M ports in total, each baseband has Q channels, and M basebands have Q×M baseband channels in total. For the i-th signal of the j-th second-level subarray, i=1,2,…,M, j=1,2,…,Q, the Q×M signals are divided into M groups: S 1j , S 2j , …, S Mj , j = 1, 2, …, Q, each group of signals is connected to all channels of the Mth baseband.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, each analog fully-connected phased array in the first-level subarrays 1-9 with an analog fully-connected architecture constituting an embodiment of the present invention includes M input ports and N output ports; the analog fully-connected phased array includes an amplitude and phase control channel with high isolation between channels, the amplitude and phase control channel is arranged between the second power distribution network and the third power distribution network, and includes an amplitude control module and a phase control module that are connected to each other, the amplitude control module is connected to the second power distribution network, and the phase control module is connected to the third power distribution network, the amplitude control module and the phase control module are independently regulated and work in a time-sharing bidirectional manner, and the amplitude and phase control during transmission and reception are achieved by switching, and only transmission / reception unidirectional signal transmission is supported at the same time.

[0035] Specifically, the second power distribution network and the third power distribution network are multiple respectively, such as the second power distribution network includes a first second power distribution network 33, a second second power distribution network 34, a third second power distribution network 35, and a fourth second power distribution network 36, etc., such as the third power distribution network includes a first third power distribution network 67, a second third power distribution network 70, a third third power distribution network 71, a fourth third power distribution network 72, etc.

[0036] Among them, one input and output channel corresponds to one third power distribution network, one second power distribution network corresponds to multiple third power distribution networks for power distribution, the amplitude and phase control channel is arranged between the second power distribution network and the third power distribution network, the ports of the third power distribution network are consistent with the number of multiple amplitude and phase control channels, each amplitude and phase control channel is connected to a second power distribution network, and specifically, each amplitude and phase control channel is composed of an amplitude control module and a phase control module. The amplitude control module includes a first amplitude control module 37, a second amplitude control module 38, a third amplitude control module 39, a fourth amplitude control module 40, a fifth amplitude control module 41, a sixth amplitude control module 42, a seventh amplitude control module 43, an eighth amplitude control module 44, a ninth amplitude control module 45, a tenth amplitude control module 46, an eleventh amplitude control module 47, a twelfth amplitude control module 48, a thirteenth amplitude control module 49, a fourteenth amplitude control module 50, a fifteenth amplitude control module 51, and a sixteenth amplitude control module 52.

[0037] Among them, the phase control module includes a first phase control module 53, a second phase control module 54, a third phase control module 55, a fourth phase control module 56, a fifth phase control module 57, a sixth phase control module 58, a seventh phase control module 59, an eighth phase control module 60, a ninth phase control module 61, a tenth phase control module 62, an eleventh phase control module 63, a twelfth phase control module 64, a thirteenth phase control module 65, a fourteenth phase control module 66, a fifteenth phase control module 67, and a sixteenth phase control module 68.

[0038] Among them, the third power distribution network is connected to an amplifier module with a switch switching function, and the amplifier module includes a power amplifier and a low-noise amplifier with opposite signal amplification directions and two switching switches for switching signal amplification channels to realize signal reception / transmission amplification channel switching control.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the power amplifier of the amplifier module includes a first power amplifier 73 , a second power amplifier 75 , a third power amplifier 77 , a fourth power amplifier 79 , a first low noise amplifier 74 , a second low noise amplifier 76 , a third low noise amplifier 78 , and a fourth low noise amplifier 80 .

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, each analog fully connected phased array in the first-stage subarrays 1-9 with an analog fully connected architecture constituting an embodiment of the present invention, when transmitting a signal, M independent signals are inputted from M input ports, and each of the M signals is respectively subjected to N equal-amplitude and same-phase power distribution through a second power distribution network, thereby generating a total of M×N output signals, which are respectively passed through the amplitude control module and the phase control module in the M×N amplitude and phase control channels; wherein, for the i-th input signal, i=1, 2, …, M,, the N-way power distribution signal generated is S ij , i = 1, 2, ..., M, j = 1, 2, ..., N, where the M × N stripe phase control channels are divided into N groups: S i1 , S i2 , …, S iN , i=1,2,…,M, each group of signals is input into a third power distribution network for power synthesis, and each of the N signals finally output contains M independent signals, which are amplified by the power amplifier switched by the switch and then output to N ports respectively.

[0041] When receiving a signal, the signal is received by N output ports, the switch is switched to the low noise amplifier for amplification, and each of the N signals is respectively distributed to M equal amplitude and phase through a third power distribution network, generating a total of M×N signals, which are respectively passed through M×N amplitude and phase control channels; wherein, for the j-th input signal, j=1,2,…,N, the generated M-way power distribution signal is S ij , i = 1, 2, ..., M, j = 1, 2, ..., N, where the M × N stripe phase control channels are divided into M groups: S 1j , S 2j , …, S Mj , j=1,2,…,N, each group of signals is input into a second power distribution network for power synthesis, and finally M output signals are generated.

[0042] In the second-level subarray with analog subarray connection architecture of the embodiment of the present invention, each second-level subarray includes P first-level subarrays, a first power distribution network and a digital transceiver module, each digital transceiver module has M output ports, and generates M output signals; each signal is input into a first power distribution network for P equal-amplitude and in-phase power distribution, and finally generates P×M output signals connected to P first-level subarrays. Among them, for the j-th output signal S of the i-th first power distribution network ij , i=1,2,…,M; j=1,2,…,P, P×M input signals are divided into P groups: S i1 , S i2 , …, S iP, j=1,2,…,P, each group of signals is input into P first-stage sub-arrays, and finally generates P×N output signals.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the Figure 3 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a first second-level subarray according to an embodiment of the present invention, so as to illustrate the structure of each second-level subarray according to the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the first second-level subarray 10 includes a first secondary subarray first first-level subarray 1, a first secondary subarray second first-level subarray 2 and a first secondary subarray Pth first-level subarray 3, the first power distribution network includes a first secondary subarray first first power distribution network 14, a first secondary subarray second first power distribution network 15, a first secondary subarray third first power distribution network 16, and a first secondary subarray Pth first power distribution network 17, and also includes a first digital transceiver module 26.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present application, each of the digital transceiver modules has M transceiver channels, each transceiver channel includes an amplifier, a frequency converter, and a digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module, and the above modules are evenly time-shared to achieve reception and transmission; wherein, along the signal transmission direction, the digital transceiver module includes a digital-to-analog converter, an up-converter, and an amplifier connected in sequence; along the signal reception direction, the digital transceiver module includes an amplifier, a down-converter, and an analog-to-digital converter connected in sequence.

[0045] Specifically, the amplifier includes a first amplifier 81, a second amplifier 82, a third amplifier 83, and a fourth amplifier 84; the frequency converter includes a first frequency converter 85, a second frequency converter 86, a third frequency converter 87, and a fourth frequency converter 88; the digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module includes a first digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module 89, a second digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module 90, a third digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module 91, and a fourth digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module 92, which correspond to M different ports respectively.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present application, the analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming architecture can double the number of baseband channels and second-level subarrays, and respectively connect the two polarization ports of the dual-polarization antenna to realize dual-polarization signal transmission and reception.

[0047] The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a MIMO transceiver system architecture, including the three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array. The analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming architecture is respectively connected to the two polarization ports of the dual-polarization antenna to realize dual-polarization signal transmission and reception, which can double the number of baseband channels and second-level subarrays and realize Q×M independent signals transmitted simultaneously.

[0048] The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention.

[0049] Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that all changes falling within the meaning and range of equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention.

[0050] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array, characterized in that: comprising P×Q first-stage subarrays having an analog fully connected architecture, Q second-stage subarrays having an analog subarray connection architecture, and a third-stage subarray having a digital fully connected architecture; Along the signal transmission direction, the analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array includes a third-level subarray, a second-level subarray and a first-level subarray in sequence; along the signal reception direction, the analog full connection-analog subarray connection-digital full connection three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array includes a first-level subarray, a second-level subarray and a third-level subarray in sequence; Each of the first-level subarrays includes an analog fully-connected phased array, and the analog fully-connected phased array has M input ports and N output ports; each of the second-level subarrays is composed of P of the first-level subarrays connected to a digital transceiver module through M first power distribution networks, and the digital transceiver module has M input / output ports, and Q second-level subarrays have Q×M input / output ports; the third-level subarray is composed of Q of the second-level subarrays connected to M basebands through ports, each of the basebands has Q baseband channels, and M basebands have Q×M baseband channels.

2. The three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array according to claim 1, characterized in that: In each second-level subarray, each first-level subarray is connected to one first power distribution network, and each first power distribution network is connected to one digital transceiver module to form one second-level subarray, forming Q second-level subarrays.

3. The three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Q×M input / output ports of the Q second-stage sub-arrays are respectively connected to the Q×M baseband channels of the M basebands.

4. The three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the analog fully connected phased arrays, when transmitting signals, inputs M independent signals from M input ports, and each of the M independent signals is respectively subjected to N equal-amplitude and same-phase power distribution through a second power distribution network, generating a total of M×N output signals that are respectively passed through M×N amplitude and phase control channels; wherein the i-th input signal generates N power distribution signals S ij After passing through M×N amplitude phase control channels, they are divided into N groups of signals S iN Then, the power is input into a third power distribution network for power synthesis, and N signals are output; each of the N signals contains M independent signals, which are output to N output ports after power amplification; When receiving a signal, the signal is received by the N output ports. After power amplification, each of the N signals input to the N output ports is respectively distributed through a third power distribution network to M equal-amplitude and same-phase power, generating M×N signals that pass through M×N amplitude and phase control channels respectively; among them, the j-th input signal generates M power distribution signals S ij Entering the M×N strip phase control channels respectively, they are divided into M groups of signals S Mj Then it is input into a second power distribution network for power synthesis to generate M output signals.

5. The three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analog fully connected phased array includes an amplitude and phase control channel with high isolation between channels. The amplitude and phase control channel is arranged between the second power distribution network and the third power distribution network, and includes an amplitude control module and a phase control module that are connected to each other. The amplitude control module is connected to the second power distribution network, and the phase control module is connected to the third power distribution network. The amplitude control module and the phase control module are independently regulated and work in a time-sharing bidirectional manner. Amplitude and phase control during transmission and reception are achieved through switching, and only transmission / reception unidirectional signal transmission is supported at the same time.

6. The three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third power distribution network is connected to an amplifier module with a switch switching function. The amplifier module includes a power amplifier and a low-noise amplifier with opposite signal amplification directions and two switching switches for switching signal amplification channels to achieve signal reception / transmission amplification channel switching control.

7. The three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the second-level subarray, each of the M output signals of the digital transceiver module is input into one of the first power distribution networks for P equal-amplitude and in-phase power distribution, generating P×M output signals and outputting them to P first-level subarrays; wherein the i-th first power distribution network generates M power distribution signals S ij , the generated P×M signals are divided into P groups of signals S iP Then, P first-stage sub-arrays are input to generate P×N output signals.

8. The three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array according to claim 6, characterized in that: The digital transceiver module has M transceiver channels, each of which includes an amplifier, a frequency converter, and a digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module, and the amplifier, frequency converter, and digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module realize reception and transmission in a time-sharing manner; Along the signal transmission direction, the digital transceiver module includes a digital-to-analog converter, an up-converter and an amplifier connected in sequence; along the signal reception direction, the digital transceiver module includes an amplifier, a down-converter and an analog-to-digital converter connected in sequence.

9. The three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the third-level subarray, the j-th second-level subarray outputs the i-th signal S ij , generating Q×M signals which are then divided into M groups of signals S Mj Then it is input to the Q baseband channels of the Mth baseband. 10.MIMO transceiver system architecture, characterized in that: It comprises the three-layer digital analog hybrid beamforming array as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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