Round-leaf grape planting method and picking method

Abstract

The invention discloses a round-leaf grape planting method and a round-leaf grape picking method.The round-leaf grape planting method comprises the steps that plants are planted in a wide-row close planting mode, a certain walking distance exists between rows of the plants, a plant supporting device is arranged on one side of each plant, and each plant supporting device comprises a lower fixing base, a lower supporting rod and an upper supporting rod; the lower fixing seat is fixedly buried in a field, a lower supporting rod is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the lower fixing seat, a supporting spring is fixedly installed on the lower supporting rod, an upper supporting rod is fixedly installed at the other end of the supporting spring, and a plurality of positioning rings used for fixing plants are fixedly arranged on the side end face of the upper supporting rod and the side end face of the lower supporting rod. The round-leaf grapes planted by the method are convenient to harvest, the harvesting efficiency can be improved, full-automatic mechanical harvesting is convenient to implement, and the labor cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting methods, and in particular to a planting method and a picking method for muscadine grapes. Background Art

[0002] Muscadine grapes are native to the southeastern United States. They are resistant to pests and diseases and have strong stress resistance. They have been introduced to my country for nearly 20 years and are cultivated in many places in the south. Their fruits have a strong subtropical fruit and floral aroma. They can be eaten fresh, brewed into wine, and made into a variety of processed products such as juice, preserved fruit, and jam. They are rare dual-purpose grapes.

[0003] Due to the characteristics of the variety, the fruit ripening period is inconsistent. Even the ripening period of different fruits in the same bunch of fruits can differ by 10 to 15 days, which brings great difficulties to harvesting and increases the harvesting cost.

[0004] Through years of observation and experimentation, it was found that different varieties and different fruit maturity have different stalk tension thresholds. The above characteristics can be used to design planting methods suitable for mechanized harvesting and matching mechanized harvesters.

[0005] However, the existing method of growing muscadine grapes is not convenient for mechanized harvesting and can only be harvested manually, which results in low work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for planting and picking muscadine grapes. The muscadine grapes planted by the method of the present invention can be automatically harvested.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for planting round-leaf grapes includes planting plants in a wide row and dense planting manner, with a certain walking distance between rows of plants, a plant support device is provided on one side of each plant, the plant support device includes a lower fixing seat, a lower support rod and an upper support rod, the lower fixing seat is fixedly buried in the field, the lower support rod is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the lower fixing seat, the lower support rod is fixedly installed with a support spring, the other end of the support spring is fixedly installed with an upper support rod, and the side end surfaces of the upper support rod and the lower support rod are fixedly provided with a plurality of positioning rings for fixing the plants.

[0008] Furthermore, the wide row and dense planting method includes a row width of 180-260 cm and a plant spacing of 30-70 cm.

[0009] Furthermore, the plants are planted in a ridge-forming manner, and the ridge surface height on flat land is more than 30 cm, and the ridge surface height on sloping land is about 8-12 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the lower support rod is not less than the length of the upper support rod, the diameter of the upper support rod is not greater than the diameter of the lower support rod, and the diameter of the support spring is smaller than the diameter of the upper support rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting piece is movably sleeved between the lower support rod and the upper support rod, and two ends of the connecting piece are movably connected to the upper support rod and the lower support rod respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, a first pin hole is formed at one end of the connecting member, and a second pin hole is also formed on the upper support rod. A movable pin is provided in the first pin hole, and the pin extends into the second pin hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning ring is installed in an openable and closable manner by means of hinges and locks, and a soft layer is provided on the inner wall of the positioning ring.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes planting the plant next to the column, leaving a single trunk, leading it from the steel ring reserved in the steel column to the top of the column, and topping and pruning to cultivate four main branches, with two secondary main branches left on each main branch. After that, only mechanical pruning is used, without specific length and short shoot pruning.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower fixing seat is a cement concrete fixing base, and the lower fixing seat is completely buried in the soil, and part of the lower supporting rod is also buried in the soil.

[0016] Further, harvesting the fruit comprises the steps of: After the fruit is ripe, the pin is pulled out to allow the connector to completely fall onto the lower support rod, and ensure that the connector does not cover the spring; The canopy is covered with an umbrella-like structure, and the ripe fruits are shaken off by vibration. Collect the fruits and pack them into boxes.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The method of the present invention can be adapted to flat land, hilly land, etc., and is suitable for small-scale mechanized production areas. It can significantly reduce production input costs, improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity, and reduce management costs.

[0018] The single-trunk planting model can save the work of tying vines, removing buds, and shaping; the columnar facility planting reduces the steel wire material compared to conventional hedges and trellises, and the column height is much lower than conventional hedges and trellises, reducing the material cost of garden construction by more than 30%. The construction is simple, and there is no need to consider the construction of steel wires such as traction and binding, saving more than 50% of the labor for garden construction; pruning adopts mechanized pruning similar to greening shrub hedges, saving labor and improving work efficiency; fourth, management and maintenance are simple, and management costs are low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a stereogram of the present invention.

[0020] Description of reference numerals:

[0021] 1. Lower fixing seat; 2. Lower support rod; 3. Upper support rod; 4. Support spring; 5. Positioning ring; 6. Connecting piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figure 1 As shown, a method for planting round-leaf grapes includes planting plants in a wide row and dense planting manner, and there is a certain walking distance between the rows of plants. A plant support device is provided on one side of each plant, and the plant support device includes a lower fixing seat, a lower support rod and an upper support rod. The lower fixing seat is fixedly buried in the field, and the lower support rod is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the lower fixing seat. A support spring is fixedly installed on the lower support rod, and the other end of the support spring is fixedly installed on the upper support rod, and the side end surfaces of the upper support rod and the lower support rod are fixedly provided with a plurality of positioning rings for fixing the plants.

[0024] The wide row and dense planting method includes a row width of 180-260 cm and a plant spacing of 30-70 cm.

[0025] The plants are planted in a ridge-forming manner, and the ridge surface height on flat land is more than 30 cm, and the ridge surface height on sloping land is about 8-12 cm.

[0026] The length of the lower support rod is not less than that of the upper support rod, the diameter of the upper support rod is not greater than that of the lower support rod, and the diameter of the support spring is smaller than that of the upper support rod.

[0027] A connecting piece is movably sleeved between the lower supporting rod and the upper supporting rod, and two ends of the connecting piece are movably connected to the upper supporting rod and the lower supporting rod respectively.

[0028] A first pin hole is formed at one end of the connecting piece, and a second pin hole is also formed on the upper support rod. A movable plug is provided with a pin in the first pin hole, and the pin extends into the second pin hole.

[0029] The positioning ring is installed in an openable and closable manner through hinges and locks, and the inner wall of the positioning ring is provided with a soft layer.

[0030] It also includes planting the plant next to the column, leaving a single trunk, leading it from the steel ring reserved in the steel column to the top of the column, and topping and pruning to cultivate four main branches, leaving two secondary main branches on each main branch. After that, only mechanical pruning is used, and no specific length and short shoot pruning is done.

[0031] The lower fixing seat is a cement concrete fixing base, and the lower fixing seat is completely buried in the soil, and part of the lower supporting rod is also buried in the soil. Example 1

[0032] Wide row and dense planting is adopted, with a row width of 2.5 meters, a plant spacing of 0.5 meters, and an average of 530 plants / 667 square meters; according to the terrain, the bed surface height on flat land is more than 30 cm, and the bed surface height on sloping land is 10 cm.

[0033] The plant support device uses two sections of stainless steel pipes, each 70 cm long, 4 cm inner diameter, 4.2 cm outer diameter, with a thick stainless steel spring nested in the middle, the spring is 8 to 10 cm long, 3.8 cm inner diameter, and 3 mm wire diameter. The upper end of the lower support rod is fitted with a steel pipe connector with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe. Normally, the connector achieves two locking states through pin holes and pins, that is, the connector completely covers the spring inside, and the upper end of the connector covers part of the upper support rod, and the lower end of the connector covers part of the lower support rod, so that the upper support rod and the lower support rod cannot swing due to the spring connection; when harvesting, the pin is opened to unlock the spring and the upper support rod and the lower support rod, so that the steel pipe of the upper support rod can be shaken.

[0034] A semicircular positioning ring with an inner diameter of 5 cm is welded alternately every 30 cm on one side of the upper support rod and the lower support rod to facilitate the binding of the grape trunk.

[0035] The pillars are set 40 centimeters into the soil and the base is fixed with cement concrete. The ground pillar height is 1.1 meters. Muscadine grapes are planted beside the pillars, leaving a single trunk, which is then led through the steel ring reserved in the steel pillar to the top of the pillar. Four main branches are cultivated by topping and pruning, with two secondary main branches left on each main branch. After that, only mechanical pruning is used without specific length pruning.

[0036] When the fruits are ripe, an umbrella-like structure is used to wrap the crown from the top. The bracket in the umbrella-like structure can then generate vibrations of a certain intensity, which can effectively shake off the ripe fruits without damaging the fruit surface. The harvested fruits are then lifted by a robotic arm and placed in a cargo box.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by ordinary technicians in this field based on the contents disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for growing muscadine grapes, characterized in that: The invention comprises adopting a wide row dense planting method to plant plants, and there is a certain walking distance between the rows of plants. A plant support device is provided on one side of each plant, and the plant support device comprises a lower fixing seat (1), a lower support rod (2) and an upper support rod (3). The lower fixing seat (1) is fixedly buried in the field, the lower support rod (2) is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the lower fixing seat (1), the lower support rod (2) is fixedly installed with a support spring (4), the other end of the support spring (4) is fixedly installed with an upper support rod (3), and the side end surfaces of the upper support rod (3) and the lower support rod (2) are fixedly provided with a plurality of positioning rings (5) for fixing the plants.

2. The method for growing muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wide row and dense planting method includes a row width of 180-260 cm and a plant spacing of 30-70 cm.

3. The method for growing muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plants are planted in a ridge-forming manner, and the ridge surface height on flat land is more than 30 cm, and the ridge surface height on sloping land is 8-12 cm.

4. The method for growing muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the lower support rod (2) is not less than the length of the upper support rod (3), the diameter of the upper support rod (3) is not greater than the diameter of the lower support rod (2), and the diameter of the support spring (4) is smaller than the diameter of the upper support rod (3).

5. The method for growing muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting piece (6) is movably sleeved between the lower support rod (2) and the upper support rod (3), and two ends of the connecting piece (6) are movably connected to the upper support rod (3) and the lower support rod (2) respectively.

6. The method for growing muscadine grapes according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first pin hole is formed at one end of the connecting member (6), and a second pin hole is also formed on the upper support rod (3). A movable plug is provided with a pin in the first pin hole, and the pin extends into the second pin hole.

7. The method for growing muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning ring (5) is installed in an openable and closable manner by means of a hinge and a lock, and the inner wall of the positioning ring (5) is provided with a soft layer.

8. The method for growing muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes planting the plant next to the column, leaving a single trunk, leading it from the steel ring reserved in the steel column to the top of the column, and topping and pruning to cultivate four main branches, leaving two secondary main branches on each main branch. After that, only mechanical pruning is used, and no specific length and short shoot pruning is done.

9. The method for growing muscadine grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower fixing seat (1) is a cement concrete fixing base, and the lower fixing seat (1) is completely buried in the soil, and part of the lower support rod (2) is also buried in the soil.

10. A method for picking muscadine grapes, characterized in that: Includes steps: S1, planting a plant according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 9; S2, pull out the pin, so that the connecting member (6) is completely placed on the lower support rod (2), and ensure that the connecting member (6) does not cover the spring; S3, using an umbrella-like structure to cover the tree crown and shake off the ripe fruits by vibration; S4, collect the fruits and pack them into boxes.

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