Blood glucose monitoring devices, methods, and storage media

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a blood glucose monitoring device, method, and storage medium. The blood glucose monitoring method according to the present disclosure includes: measuring a glucose concentration of a subcutaneous tissue fluid of a user by a probe, transmitting the glucose concentration measured by the probe to a processor by a transponder, correcting the glucose concentration based on one or more of a first correction value, a second correction value, and a third correction value to obtain an estimated blood glucose value of the user, wherein the first correction value is related to a production batch of the probe, the second correction value is related to a blood glucose monitoring history of the user, and the third correction value is related to a blood glucose value measured by blood of the user during the probe measures the glucose concentration.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a blood glucose monitoring device, method, and storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases, and its prevalence is increasing year by year. China is the country with the largest number of people with diabetes. The 2021 International Diabetes Federation (IDF) map shows that the number of people with diabetes in China is 140 million, but the awareness rate, treatment rate, and compliance rate are less than half. The threat of diabetes and its complications to people's physical health has become an inescapable health problem. Good blood glucose control is the cornerstone of diabetes treatment, which helps to delay the occurrence of complications and improve patient prognosis.

[0003] Blood glucose monitoring is an important part of diabetes management, and the results of blood glucose monitoring help to assess the degree of glucose metabolism disorder in diabetic patients, develop a reasonable glucose-lowering program, and follow up the changes in the disease to guide the adjustment of the treatment program.

[0004] Patient self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is the basic form of blood glucose monitoring, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the gold standard for reflecting the average level of long-term blood glucose control. However, both HbA1c and SMBG have certain limitations. HbA1c reflects the average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months, so there is a "delay effect" on the evaluation of blood glucose treatment, and HbA1c cannot accurately reflect the characteristics of blood glucose fluctuations and the risk of hypoglycemia in patients. SMBG cannot accurately reflect the fluctuations in blood glucose throughout the day, and multiple measurements can also increase the discomfort of patients.

[0005] Therefore, continuous glucose monitoring technology (CGM) has become an effective supplement to traditional blood glucose monitoring methods and has gradually been promoted and applied in clinical practice. Compared with traditional blood glucose monitoring methods, CGM can continuously measure blood glucose in patients and reflect blood glucose levels under various life and treatment conditions such as rest, eating, exercise, and medication. Time in range (TIR), a CGM-related indicator, has gradually become one of the important indicators for evaluating blood glucose.

[0006] CGM is a technology that detects changes in subcutaneous interstitial fluid glucose concentration through a glucose sensor. Compared with finger blood glucose monitoring, CGM can provide more comprehensive blood glucose information, understand the trend of blood glucose fluctuations, and detect hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia that are not easily detected by traditional monitoring methods, and has been increasingly applied in clinical practice.

[0007] However, there is a certain difference between the blood glucose value obtained through the CGM and the venous blood glucose value. Therefore, a scheme for more accurately obtaining a blood glucose value in real time is desired. SUMMARY

[0008] According to an aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, a blood glucose monitoring method is provided, including: measuring, by a probe, a glucose concentration of subcutaneous tissue fluid of a user, sending, by a transponder, the glucose concentration measured by the probe to a processor, correcting the glucose concentration based on one or more of a first correction value, a second correction value, and a third correction value, to obtain an estimated blood glucose value of the user, wherein the first correction value is related to a production batch of the probe, the second correction value is related to a blood glucose monitoring history of the user, and the third correction value is related to a blood glucose value measured by blood of the user during the probe measures the glucose concentration.

[0009] According to the method of embodiments of the present disclosure, the first correction value is obtained by: obtaining one or more glucose concentrations of subcutaneous tissue fluid measured by each probe in a probe set including the probe, wherein the probes in the probe set are in the same or adjacent production batches, obtaining one or more blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more glucose concentrations, obtaining one or more first deviations based on the one or more glucose concentrations and the one or more blood glucose values, and determining an average value of the one or more first deviations as the first correction value.

[0010] According to the method of embodiments of the present disclosure, the second correction value is obtained by: obtaining one or more glucose concentrations of subcutaneous tissue fluid measured by a historical probe used by the user, obtaining one or more blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more glucose concentrations, obtaining one or more second deviations based on the one or more glucose concentrations and the one or more blood glucose values, and determining an average value of the one or more second deviations as the second correction value.

[0011] According to the method of embodiments of the present disclosure, the third correction value is obtained by: measuring, by the probe, one or more glucose concentrations of subcutaneous tissue fluid of the user, obtaining one or more blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more glucose concentrations, obtaining one or more third deviations based on the one or more glucose concentrations and the one or more blood glucose values, setting respective weights for the one or more third deviations based on a measurement order of the blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more third deviations, and determining the third correction value based on the one or more third deviations and the respective weights.

[0012] The method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein the one or more glucose concentrations are discrete values in time, and wherein obtaining the one or more third deviations comprises: fitting the one or more glucose concentrations based on time to obtain fitted glucose concentrations, obtaining one or more blood glucose values, obtaining one or more fitted glucose concentrations corresponding to the one or more blood glucose values in time based on time of the one or more blood glucose values, obtaining the one or more third deviations based on the one or more blood glucose values and the one or more fitted glucose concentrations.

[0013] The method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein setting respective weights for the one or more third deviations comprises: setting increasing weights for the one or more third deviations in a measurement order from front to back of blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more third deviations.

[0014] The method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein setting respective weights for the one or more third deviations comprises: in response to the one or more third deviations comprising one third deviation, setting a weight of the one third deviation to 100%; in response to the one or more third deviations comprising two third deviations, setting weights of the two third deviations to 22% and 78% respectively, wherein the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 22% is measured before the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 78%; in response to the one or more third deviations comprising three third deviations, setting weights of the three third deviations to 9%, 20%, and 71% respectively, wherein the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 9% is measured before the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 20%, and the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 20% is measured before the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 71%; in response to the one or more third deviations comprising more than three third deviations, setting weights of the last three third deviations among the more than three third deviations to 9%, 20%, and 71% respectively, and setting weights of the remaining third deviations to 0%, wherein the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 9% is measured before the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 20%, and the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 20% is measured before the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 71%.

[0015] The method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein a time interval between measurement times of the blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more third deviations is no more than 144 hours.

[0016] The method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes setting weights for the first correction value, the second correction value, and the third correction value, respectively, determining a comprehensive correction value based on the weights and the first correction value, the second correction value, and the third correction value, and obtaining the estimated blood glucose value of the user based on the comprehensive correction value and the glucose concentration measured by the probe.

[0017] The method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes calculating a glycated hemoglobin value based on the estimated blood glucose value.

[0018] The method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes determining a probability of the user developing a cardiovascular complication of diabetes based on one or more of the following: an age at which the user was diagnosed with diabetes, a gender of the user, whether the user smokes, the glycated hemoglobin value, a systolic blood pressure, and a low-density cholesterol value.

[0019] The method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure mechanically connects the probe to the transponder by one or more of a magnetic attraction method and a bonding method.

[0020] According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a blood glucose monitoring device including a transponder configured to receive, from a probe, a glucose concentration of a subcutaneous tissue fluid of a user measured by the probe and transmit the glucose concentration to a processor, and the processor configured to receive the glucose concentration from the transponder, correct the glucose concentration based on one or more of a first correction value, a second correction value, and a third correction value to obtain an estimated blood glucose value of the user, wherein the first correction value is related to a production lot of the probe, the second correction value is related to a blood glucose monitoring history of the user, and the third correction value is related to a blood glucose value measured by blood of the user during a period in which the probe measures the glucose concentration.

[0021] According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for implementing the above-described method when executed by a processor.

[0022] According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for implementing the above-described method when executed by a processor.

[0023] The blood glucose monitoring device, method, and storage medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can obtain an accurate blood glucose value in real time by correcting a glucose concentration of a subcutaneous tissue fluid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certain embodiments of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 A blood glucose monitoring device is shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 2 A blood glucose monitoring method is shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figures 3A-3D A schematic diagram of components of a blood glucose monitoring device is shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure

[0028] Figure 4 A non-transitory computer readable storage medium is shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Before undertaking the detailed description below, it can be advantageous to set forth definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout this disclosure. The terms "include" and "comprise," as well as derivatives thereof, mean inclusion without limitation. The term "or," is used in the inclusive sense of "and / or" unless specifically indicated otherwise. The phrase "associated with," as used herein, means to have a relevant, expected relationship with, and does not imply a causal relationship or direct causation between the subject and the object of the association.

[0030] Definitions for other certain words and phrases are provided throughout this disclosure. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that such definitions apply to this disclosure as a whole irrespective of whether a word or phrase is repeated where it has been previously defined. Those of ordinary skill in the art will further appreciate that definitions of particular

[0031] Various embodiments of the principles of the disclosure in the present patent document are described below in connection with the appended drawings, in which: The principles of the disclosure can be implemented in any suitable arrangement of systems or devices. In some cases, the actions described in this disclosure can be performed in a different order, and still achieve desirable results. Additionally, the processes depicted in the figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve the desired results. In certain implementations, multitasking and parallel processing can be advantageous.

[0032] The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The words "example" and "exemplary" are used herein to mean serving as an instance or illustration. Any implementation described herein as an "example" or "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Throughout this document, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. As used herein, the expression "at least one of A and B" means that the event A occurs, or the event B occurs, or both events A and B occur. The expression "at least one of A or B" means that the event A occurs, or the event B occurs, or both events A and B occur.

[0033] Diabetes management is currently a difficult point in chronic disease management, involving diet, exercise, drug treatment, diabetes education and monitoring of metabolic indicators, especially blood glucose.

[0034] The application of dynamic blood glucose monitoring sensor probes can more comprehensively reflect blood glucose fluctuations and reduce the pain caused by finger blood tests. It is one of the important means of blood glucose monitoring at the present stage and is accepted by more and more patients. However, the data monitored by the user may have a certain lag. For example, the user may measure the dynamic blood glucose value for a period of time (several days) and extract the measured dynamic blood glucose value after completing the measurement. Therefore, it may not be possible to communicate with the medical staff in a timely manner. For diabetic patients with poor blood glucose control, hospitalization is often recommended, and insulin intensive treatment is necessary. During hospitalization, on the one hand, the patient's blood glucose can be monitored multiple times to adjust the hypoglycemic regimen in a timely manner, and on the other hand, the doctor-patient communication is more timely, and the patient's condition can be discovered in a timely manner. However, many patients may not be convenient to be hospitalized due to personal reasons such as work and family, and hospitalization also increases the workload of hospitals and medical staff.

[0035] In order to more accurately adjust the hypoglycemic regimen of diabetic patients, it is necessary to monitor the blood glucose data of the patient in real time and communicate with them in a timely manner.

[0036] Figure 1 A blood glucose monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the blood glucose monitoring device 100 can include a transponder 110, a processor 120, and an optional probe 130. The probe 130, the transponder 110, and the processor 120 can be arranged at different locations, for example, the probe 130 and the transponder 110 can be arranged at the user's body, and the processor 120 can be arranged in the user's electronic device. Figure 1

[0037] The transponder 110 can be configured to receive the glucose concentration of the user's subcutaneous tissue fluid measured by the probe from the probe and send the glucose concentration to the processor. The probe can be configured in the blood glucose monitoring device 100 or independently of the blood glucose monitoring device 100. The transponder 110 can include one or more communication devices. The transponder 110 can transmit the glucose concentration to the processor 120 through a communication device such as Bluetooth TM , Bluetooth TM ​LE's short-range communication protocols, sub-GHz, wireless HART, infrared link, ZigBee, radio frequency identification (RFID), WiFi, the Internet, the World Wide Web, an intranet, a virtual private network, a wide area network, a local area network, a private network using a communications protocol proprietary to one or more companies, Ethernet, and HTTP, as well as various combinations thereof, to forward the real-time glucose concentration from the probe 130 to the processor 120. The forwarder 110 can mechanically connect the probe and the forwarder by one or more of magnetic attraction and adhesion.

[0038] The processor 120 can be configured to receive the glucose concentration from the forwarder 110. That is, the processor 120 can receive the glucose concentration of the user's interstitial fluid measured by the probe 130 via the forwarder 110. The processor 120 can be configured in the user's electronic device, for example, the processor 120 can be configured in the user's mobile phone or other electronic device. The processor 120 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or other forms of processing units with data processing and / or program executing capabilities, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an electronic controller (ECU), a micro control unit (MCU), etc. The processor 120 can be a general purpose processor or a special purpose processor. Generally, the glucose concentration in the interstitial fluid positively correlates with the venous blood glucose. By measuring the glucose concentration in the interstitial fluid, the venous blood glucose value can be estimated. The processor 120 can correct the glucose concentration measured by the probe 130 based on a plurality of correction values to estimate the blood glucose value of the user. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor 120 can correct the glucose concentration based on one or more of a first correction value, a second correction value, and a third correction value to obtain the estimated blood glucose value of the user. The first correction value is related to the production batch of the probe, the second correction value is related to the blood glucose monitoring history of the user, and the third correction value is related to the blood glucose value measured by blood of the user during the measurement of the glucose concentration by the probe. One or more applications can be run in the processor 120, which can upload the estimated blood glucose value to the cloud to realize the three-end data sharing of the physician, the case manager, and the user such as the patient. In addition, the application can synchronize the estimated blood glucose value of the user to the hospital information system (HIS) in the hospital or the guardian, and can issue an alarm when the estimated blood glucose value is significantly abnormal, providing assistance for the precise management of the diabetic patient.

[0039] The optional probe 130 can be configured to measure the glucose concentration of the subcutaneous interstitial fluid of the user. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the probe 130 can be attached to the skin of the user in an adhesive manner. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the probe 130 can include one or more glucose sensors. For example, the one or more glucose sensors include a glucose sensor based on an enzyme electrode technology, a glucose sensor based on a microdialysis technology, a glucose sensor based on a surface plasmon resonance technology, and a glucose sensor based on an infrared spectroscopy technology. The probe 130 can transmit the measured glucose concentration of the subcutaneous interstitial fluid to the transponder 110.

[0040] Figure 2 A blood glucose monitoring method according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. As shown, the blood glucose monitoring method can include steps S210, S220, and S230. Figure 2

[0041] In step S210, the glucose concentration of the subcutaneous interstitial fluid of the user can be measured by the probe. For example, the probe can be attached to the skin of the user, and the glucose concentration of the subcutaneous interstitial fluid of the user can be measured by the glucose sensor included in the probe.

[0042] In step S220, the glucose concentration measured by the probe can be transmitted to the processor by the transponder. The transponder can acquire the glucose concentration from the probe and transmit the glucose concentration to the processor.

[0043] In step S230, the glucose concentration can be corrected based on one or more of a first correction value, a second correction value, and a third correction value to obtain an estimated blood glucose value of the user, wherein the first correction value is related to the production lot of the probe, the second correction value is related to the blood glucose monitoring history of the user, and the third correction value is related to the blood glucose value measured by blood of the user during the measurement of the glucose concentration by the probe.

[0044] ​According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first correction value can be related to a production batch of the currently used probe. The probe can be labeled with a serial number, which can be related to a production batch indicating a production date, a production location, etc. of the probe. A certain number (such as but not limited to 1000, etc.) of probes with different serial numbers can be determined as a probe set. In this way, the probes in the probe set can be in the same or adjacent production batch. The probes in the probe set can have the same and similar measurement performance. For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more glucose concentrations of the subcutaneous tissue fluid measured by each probe in the probe set including the probe can be obtained. For example, the probes in the probe set can be used by one or more users, and the probes in the probe set can measure the glucose concentrations of the subcutaneous tissue fluid of the one or more users. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more glucose concentrations are obtained. For example, the one or more users can each measure one or more blood glucose values by blood (for example, venous blood or fingertip blood). The one or more blood glucose values can respectively correspond to the one or more glucose concentrations. For example, the blood glucose values and the glucose concentrations corresponding thereto can correspond to the same user and the same time. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more first deviations can be obtained based on the one or more glucose concentrations and the corresponding one or more blood glucose values of the one or more users at one or more times. For example, the difference between the blood glucose value and the glucose concentration corresponding thereto can be determined as the first deviation. The average of the one or more first deviations can be determined as the first correction value.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second correction value can be related to the blood glucose monitoring history of the user. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more glucose concentrations of the subcutaneous tissue fluid measured by a historical probe once used by the user can be obtained. For example, the user can have used a plurality of probes, and can be configured to obtain one or more glucose concentrations measured by the user using the historical probe. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the user measures one or more glucose concentrations of the subcutaneous tissue fluid using the historical probe, the user can measure one or more blood glucose values by blood (for example, venous blood or fingertip blood). One or more blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more glucose concentrations can be obtained. The one or more blood glucose values can respectively correspond to the one or more glucose concentrations. For example, the blood glucose values and the glucose concentrations corresponding thereto can correspond to the same probe and the same time. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more second deviations can be obtained based on the one or more glucose concentrations and the one or more blood glucose values. For example, the difference between the blood glucose value and the glucose concentration corresponding thereto can be determined as the second deviation. The average of the one or more second deviations can be determined as the second correction value.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third correction value can be related to blood glucose values measured by blood by the user during the probe measures the glucose concentrations. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the user can measure one or more glucose concentrations using the probe, which can be discrete values in time. For example, the probe can measure the glucose concentration in interstitial fluid once every length of time interval, such as 1 minute, 5 minutes, or longer or shorter. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the user measures the glucose concentration in subcutaneous interstitial fluid using the current probe, the user can measure one or more blood glucose values by blood (e.g., venous blood or fingertip blood) corresponding to the one or more glucose concentrations. For example, the blood glucose value and the glucose concentration corresponding thereto can correspond to the same user, the same probe, and the same time. The discrete one or more glucose concentrations measured by the probe can be fitted based on time to obtain fitted glucose concentrations. For example, the discrete one or more glucose concentrations can be fitted based on a smoothing fitting algorithm to obtain a fitted curve, which can be tangent to the discrete one or more glucose concentrations. One or more fitted glucose concentrations corresponding to the one or more blood glucose values in time can be obtained based on the measurement time of the one or more blood glucose values. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more third deviations can be obtained based on the one or more glucose concentrations and the one or more blood glucose values. For example, one or more third deviations can be obtained based on the one or more blood glucose values and the one or more fitted glucose concentrations. For example, the difference between the blood glucose value and the fitted glucose concentration corresponding thereto can be determined as the third deviation. The one or more third deviations can be set with respective weights to determine the third correction value based on the one or more third deviations and the respective weights. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the respective weights of the one or more third deviations can be set based on the measurement order of the blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more third deviations. For example, the one or more third deviations can be set with increasing weights in the measurement order from front to back of the blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more third deviations. For example, the third deviation obtained by the blood glucose value measured more recently or later (e.g., closer in time to the present) can be attached with a higher weight than the third deviation obtained by the blood glucose value measured more old or earlier (e.g., farther in time to the present).

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the one or more third deviations include one third deviation. That is, the user can measure one blood glucose value by blood while measuring the glucose concentration in interstitial fluid by one probe, thereby obtaining one third deviation. In response to the one or more third deviations including only one third deviation, the weight of the one third deviation can be set to 100%.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the one or more third deviations include two third deviations. That is, the user can measure blood glucose values through blood twice while measuring the glucose concentration of the interstitial fluid through one probe, thereby obtaining two third deviations. In response to the one or more third deviations including two third deviations, the weights of the two third deviations can be set to 22% and 78%, respectively. As described above, a higher weight can be set to the third deviation obtained through a blood glucose value measured later. That is, the blood glucose value corresponding to the third deviation with the weight set to 22% can be measured before the blood glucose value corresponding to the third deviation with the weight set to 78%.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the one or more third deviations include three third deviations. That is, the user can measure blood glucose values through blood three times while measuring the glucose concentration of the interstitial fluid through one probe, thereby obtaining three third deviations. In response to the one or more third deviations including three third deviations, the weights of the three third deviations can be set to 9%, 20%, and 71%, respectively. As described above, a higher weight can be set to the third deviation obtained through a blood glucose value measured later. That is, the blood glucose value corresponding to the third deviation with the weight set to 9% can be measured before the blood glucose value corresponding to the third deviation with the weight set to 20%, and the blood glucose value corresponding to the third deviation with the weight set to 20% can be measured before the blood glucose value corresponding to the third deviation with the weight set to 71%.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the one or more third deviations include more than three third deviations. That is, the user can measure blood glucose values through blood more than three times while measuring the glucose concentration of the interstitial fluid through one probe, thereby obtaining more than three third deviations. In response to the one or more third deviations including more than three third deviations, the weights of the last three third deviations among the more than three third deviations can be set to 9%, 20%, and 71%, respectively, and the weights of the remaining third deviations can be set to 0%. That is, in calculating the third correction value, only the three third deviations calculated through the last three blood glucose values can be considered, and the third deviations calculated through the previously measured blood glucose values can be ignored. As described above, a higher weight can be set to the third deviation obtained through a blood glucose value measured later. That is, the blood glucose value corresponding to the third deviation with the weight set to 9% can be measured before the blood glucose value corresponding to the third deviation with the weight set to 20%, and the blood glucose value corresponding to the third deviation with the weight set to 20% can be measured before the blood glucose value corresponding to the third deviation with the weight set to 71%.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the time interval between the measurement times of the blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more third deviations can be no more than 144 hours.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, weights can be set for the first correction value, the second correction value, and the third correction value, respectively, and a comprehensive correction value can be determined based on the weights and the first correction value, the second correction value, and the third correction value. The comprehensive correction value can be determined by the following equation (1):

[0053] (1)

[0054] wherein Cs is the comprehensive correction value, C1 is the first correction value, C2 is the second correction value, and C3 is the third correction value. The initial value of a% can be 5%, and the initial value of b% can be 20%. After the usage time limit of the probe is reached, the least square learning method with Gaussian kernel model L2 constraint can be used for re-fitting, and then the optimal values of a% and b% are estimated, so that the sum of a% and b% is no more than 15%.

[0055] The estimated blood glucose value of the user can be obtained based on the comprehensive correction value and the glucose concentration measured by the probe. For example, the estimated blood glucose value can be obtained by summing the comprehensive correction value and the glucose concentration measured by the probe. The glycosylated hemoglobin value (eHbA1c) and the glucose management indicator (GMI) can be further calculated based on the estimated blood glucose value obtained by the blood glucose monitoring device 100.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the probability of the user developing a cardiovascular complication of diabetes can be further determined based on the glycosylated hemoglobin value. For example, the q factor of the user developing a cardiovascular complication of diabetes can be determined according to the following equation (2):

[0057] (2)

[0058] wherein q is the q factor, age at diagnosis is the age at which diabetes is diagnosed; for the sex value, female is 1 and male is 0; for the smoker value, smoker is 1 and non-smoker is 0; HbA1c is the glycosylated hemoglobin value; bpsys is the systolic blood pressure value; and LDL is the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol value.

[0059] The probability of the user developing a cardiovascular complication of diabetes within 10 years can be calculated based on equation (3):

[0060] (3)

[0061] wherein risk% is the probability of the user developing a cardiovascular complication of diabetes within 10 years, and q is the q factor calculated by equation (2).

[0062] Figures 3A-3D A schematic diagram of components of a blood glucose monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0063] As shown in FIG. 1, a blood glucose monitoring device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a probe 110, a transponder 120, a charging base 130, and a charging cord 140. Figure 3A A schematic diagram of the transponder is shown. The transponder can be mechanically connected to the probe in an adhesive manner or a magnetic manner. Figure 3B A metal ring that can be connected to the probe in a snap manner and one side of which can be attached with an adhesive to connect with the transponder is shown. In this way, the reliability of the connection between the transponder and the probe can be further reinforced. Figure 3C A charging base through which the transponder can be charged is shown. Figure 3D A charging cord through which the charging base can be connected to a power source to charge the transponder is shown.

[0064] Figure 4 A non-transitory computer readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 4, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium 400 stores computer instructions 410 that, when executed by a processor, perform one or more steps of the various methods described above and additional aspects thereof. Figure 4 Exemplarily, the non-transitory computer readable storage medium 400 can be any combination of one or more computer readable storage media, for example, a computer readable storage medium containing program code for performing the various methods described above.

[0066] Exemplarily, when the program code is read by a computer, the computer can execute the program code stored in the computer storage medium to perform one or more steps of the various methods described above and additional aspects thereof, for example, according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0067] Exemplarily, the non-transitory computer readable storage medium can include a memory card of a smart phone, a memory component of a tablet computer, a hard disk of a personal computer, a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), a portable compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), a flash memory, and other non-transitory computer readable storage media or any combination thereof.

[0068] The blood glucose monitoring device, method, and storage medium according to embodiments of the present disclosure can obtain accurate blood glucose values in real time by correcting the glucose concentration of subcutaneous tissue fluid.

[0069]

[0070] ​While the present disclosure has been described with an exemplary embodiment, various changes and modifications can be suggested to one skilled in the art. It is intended that the present disclosure encompass such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0071] No aspect of any description in this disclosure should be understood as implying that any particular element, step, or function is an essential element that must be included in the scope of the claims. The scope of the patent subject matter is defined only by the claims.

Claims

1. A blood glucose monitoring device, comprising: a transponder configured to receive, from a probe, a glucose concentration of subcutaneous interstitial fluid of a user measured by the probe and to send the glucose concentration to a processor; and the processor configured to: receive the glucose concentration from the transponder, correct the glucose concentration based on one or more of a first correction value, a second correction value, and a third correction value to obtain an estimated blood glucose value of the user, wherein the first correction value is related to a production batch of the probe, the second correction value is related to a blood glucose monitoring history of the user, and the third correction value is related to blood glucose values measured by blood of the user during which the glucose concentration is measured by the probe, the first correction value is obtained by: obtaining one or more glucose concentrations of subcutaneous interstitial fluid measured by each probe of a set of probes including the probe, wherein the probes of the set of probes are in the same or adjacent production batch, obtaining one or more blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more glucose concentrations, obtaining one or more first deviations based on the one or more glucose concentrations and the one or more blood glucose values, determining a mean of the one or more first deviations as the first correction value.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, the second correction value is obtained by: obtaining one or more glucose concentrations of subcutaneous interstitial fluid measured by a historical probe used by the user, obtaining one or more blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more glucose concentrations, obtaining one or more second deviations based on the one or more glucose concentrations and the one or more blood glucose values, determining a mean of the one or more second deviations as the second correction value.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, the third correction value is obtained by: measuring, by the probe, one or more glucose concentrations of subcutaneous interstitial fluid of the user, obtaining one or more blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more glucose concentrations, obtaining one or more third deviations based on the one or more glucose concentrations and the one or more blood glucose values, setting respective weights for the one or more third deviations based on a measurement order of the blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more third deviations, determining the third correction value based on the one or more third deviations and the respective weights.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein, the one or more glucose concentrations are discrete values in time, and wherein obtaining the one or more third deviations comprises: fitting the one or more glucose concentrations based on time to obtain fitted glucose concentrations, obtaining the one or more blood glucose values, obtaining one or more fitted glucose concentrations corresponding in time to the one or more blood glucose values based on time of the one or more blood glucose values, obtaining the one or more third deviations based on the one or more blood glucose values and the one or more fitted glucose concentrations.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein, setting the respective weights for the one or more third deviations comprises: setting increasing weights for the one or more third deviations in a front-to-back measurement order of the blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more third deviations.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, setting the respective weights for the one or more third deviations comprises: in response to the one or more third deviations including one third deviation, setting a weight of the one third deviation to 100%; in response to the one or more third deviations including two third deviations, setting weights of the two third deviations to 22% and 78% respectively, wherein the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 22% is measured before the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 78%; in response to the one or more third deviations including three third deviations, setting weights of the three third deviations to 9%, 20%, and 71% respectively, wherein the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 9% is measured before the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 20%, and the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 20% is measured before the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 71%; in response to the one or more third deviations including more than three third deviations, setting weights of the last three third deviations among the more than three third deviations to 9%, 20%, and 71% respectively, and setting weights of the remaining third deviations to 0%, wherein the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 9% is measured before the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 20%, and the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 20% is measured before the third deviation corresponding to the weight set to 71%.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, a time interval between measurement times of the blood glucose values corresponding to the one or more third deviations is no more than 144 hours.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, the processor is further configured to: set weights for the first correction value, the second correction value, and the third correction value respectively, determine a comprehensive correction value based on the weights and the first correction value, the second correction value, and the third correction value, obtain an estimated blood glucose value of the user based on the comprehensive correction value and the glucose concentration measured by the probe.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, the processor is further configured to calculate a glycated hemoglobin value based on the estimated blood glucose value.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, the processor is further configured to determine a probability of the user developing a cardiovascular complication of diabetes based on one or more of the following: an age at which the user is diagnosed with diabetes, a gender of the user, whether the user smokes, the glycated hemoglobin value, a systolic blood pressure, and a low-density cholesterol value.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, mechanically connecting the probe to the transponder by one or more of a magnetic attraction method and an adhesive method.

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