Falling protector structure and falling prevention method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of flexible anti-falling devices, in particular to an anti-falling device structure and an anti-falling method.The anti-falling device structure comprises a shell mechanism used for conducting matched limiting on a steel wire rope, a safety mechanism used for conducting multiple locking in the falling situation and a hanging mechanism used for triggering a locking mechanism to work; the hanging mechanism is installed at the rear end of the shell mechanism through a pin shaft, the steel wire rope is connected with the shell mechanism in an up-down penetrating mode, the locking mechanism is installed in the shell mechanism, and the safety mechanisms are symmetrically distributed on the locking mechanism. Clamping mechanisms are arranged at the positions, matched with the steel wire rope, of the upper end and the lower end in the shell mechanism. By arranging a plurality of locking mechanisms, the problem that in the prior art, due to the fact that single ratchet wheel locking is adopted, tripping occurs is solved, the locking effect is improved by means of extrusion locking and dislocation locking, and therefore safety is improved, the clamping wheel is in a rolling state in the using process, friction is reduced, and practicability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of flexible fall arresters, and in particular to a fall arrester structure and a fall prevention method. Background Art

[0002] The core principle of the flexible fall arrester (also known as the speed differential fall arrester) is to use the speed difference generated when the object falls to trigger the self-locking mechanism, quickly brake within a limited distance, and thus prevent the fall. Its application scenarios include: High-altitude equipment maintenance: such as storage tanks and pipeline maintenance in metallurgical plants and petrochemical plants, workers need to wear it when working at high altitudes. Lifting of valuables: In the production workshop, the fall arrester can be connected to the hoisted objects to prevent accidental falls from causing economic losses or personal injuries. Multi-industry coverage: Applicable to fields such as electricity, bridges, and shipbuilding that require high-altitude or high-risk operations.

[0003] In the prior art, a Chinese invention with publication number CN118698060A discloses a flexible connector for preventing falling, which can provide locking protection during falling by enhancing the friction between the pulley and the guide rope through the rotation of the pulley. However, in actual use, it is found that although such a structure can clamp the rope to a certain extent through the friction of the wheel, the pulling force during the falling process is several times the weight of the human body. If there is any weight on the body, it is very easy to break the structure that restricts the pulley from being stuck, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a fall arrester structure in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fall arrester structure, comprising a housing mechanism for cooperating and limiting a steel wire rope, a safety mechanism for performing multiple locking in the event of a fall, and a mounting mechanism for triggering the locking mechanism, wherein the mounting mechanism is mounted at the rear end of the housing mechanism through a pin shaft, the steel wire rope passes through the housing mechanism up and down, the locking mechanism is mounted inside the housing mechanism, the safety mechanism is symmetrically distributed on the locking mechanism, and a locking mechanism is provided at the upper and lower ends of the housing mechanism and the positions where the steel wire rope cooperates;

[0007] The housing mechanism comprises an outer shell, the outer shell is formed with a through groove corresponding to the position of the eccentric rotating block of the mounting mechanism, and a slide plate of the locking mechanism is arranged inside the outer shell corresponding to the position of the eccentric rotating block, the slide plate is axially slidably connected to the outer shell, the safety mechanism is symmetrically arranged in two groups, and the safety mechanism is installed on the end surface of the slide plate and away from one end of the eccentric rotating block;

[0008] The safety mechanism comprises two clamping wheels, which are rotatably connected to an eccentric wheel via a ratchet assembly. The eccentric wheel is connected to the slide plate via an eccentric shaft, and the eccentric shaft penetrates the slide plate and cooperates with a locking assembly at the rear end of the slide plate.

[0009] Preferably: a sealing plate is installed at the front end of the outer shell, the rear end of the outer shell is connected to the eccentric rotating block by a pin shaft, the rear end of the eccentric rotating block is connected to a pull rod by welding, the pull rod is in a horizontal state under normal conditions, when falling occurs, an external rope pulls the pull rod to be in a downward flipped state, when the pull rod flips down, it drives the eccentric rotating block to rotate, and the eccentric rotation of the eccentric rotating block squeezes the slide plate to slide.

[0010] Preferably: the ratchet assembly between the clamping wheel and the eccentric wheel includes an inner locking block and a locking block spring, the inner locking block is connected to the clamping wheel via a pin shaft, the inner locking block has the pin shaft as a dividing line, one end is a centrifugal rotating end, and the other end is a locking end, the centrifugal rotating end cooperates with the clamping wheel through the locking block spring, and a tooth groove is formed at the cooperation position between the outer circular end surface of the eccentric wheel and the inner locking block.

[0011] Preferably: the locking assembly arranged at the front and rear ends of the eccentric shaft includes a matching block, a top ring, and a locking block, the eccentric shaft and the matching block are integrally formed, the locking block is fixedly connected to the outer shell, and the locking block is arranged on the side corresponding to the matching block, the locking block is a square groove block for limiting the rotation of the matching block and the eccentric shaft, the matching block is formed with a rounded corner corresponding to the end face of the locking block, and the rounded corner size is smaller than the groove depth of the locking block, the top ring is arranged on the front end face of the clamping wheel, and is used for squeezing the slide plate forward when the eccentric rotating block flips down, and when the eccentric wheel is squeezed forward by the slide plate, the top ring limits the clamping wheel, thereby causing misalignment between the clamping wheel and the eccentric wheel, and a tensioning spring is arranged on the end face of the slide plate away from the clamping wheel.

[0012] Preferably: the clamping wheel has two working states under the restriction of the top ring and the slide plate, namely a normal state and a misaligned state, and a tooth groove is formed on the inner side of the clamping wheel corresponding to the outer circumferential surface of the eccentric wheel. When the clamping wheel is in the misaligned state, a tooth groove is also provided on the corresponding outer circumferential surface of the eccentric shaft. When the clamping wheel is in the normal state, the clamping wheel tooth groove is divided into a smooth surface corresponding to the outer circumferential surface of the eccentric shaft.

[0013] Preferably: the locking mechanism includes a locking plate, the steel wire rope is connected to the locking plate, and a locking groove is formed on the locking plate at the position where the steel wire rope passes through, and the locking groove is divided into a passing area and a locking area. Under normal conditions, the steel wire rope slides through the passing area of ​​the locking groove, and when the slide plate is moved forward by the extrusion force, the locking area of ​​the locking groove will lock the steel wire rope.

[0014] Preferably, the end surface of the positioning plate cooperates with the sealing plate via a supporting spring.

[0015] Preferably, two inner locking blocks are provided, and the two inner locking blocks are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the clamping wheel.

[0016] Preferably, a hole for fixing an external rope is formed at one end of the pull rod away from the eccentric rotating block, and the pull rod is arranged at a circular upper position of the eccentric rotating block.

[0017] A fall prevention method for a fall arrester structure, a. passing a steel wire rope through a hole on an outer shell, between two clamping wheels, and extending the steel wire rope from a hole at the bottom of the outer shell, and a worker connects the hole on a pull rod with a rope, at which time a slide plate is in a normal state, and the elastic force of a support spring and a tension spring supports the slide plate to the rear side inside the outer shell;

[0018] b. When people are climbing, they will pull the rope and move slowly upward with them. The inner locking block inside the clamping wheel is subject to less centrifugal force and will not get stuck. At this time, due to the friction between the wire rope, the outer shell and the clamping groove, the device will stay in the corresponding position due to friction when it is slowly pulled up;

[0019] c. If a fall occurs, because there is friction connection between the wire rope and the clamping wheel, and when the wire rope moves at a very high speed, the wire rope drives the clamping wheel to rotate faster instantly through friction. After the clamping wheel rotates rapidly under force, the inner locking block is affected by the centrifugal force, and the heavier side, i.e., the centrifugal rotating end, is thrown outwards by the centrifugal force. At this time, because the rear part of the eccentric shaft is locked by the locking block, and the eccentric shaft and the eccentric wheel are fixedly connected and will not move, the tooth groove on one side of the locking section will cooperate with the tooth groove on the end face of the eccentric wheel to lock, and the clamping wheel provides preliminary locking for the wire rope;

[0020] d. The falling force will pull the pull rod and flip it downward, and the pull rod will drive the eccentric rotating block to flip downward. Since the eccentric rotating block is eccentrically installed, it will squeeze the internal slide plate when flipping. The slide plate moves forward after being squeezed, and the top ring corresponding to the front side of the clamping wheel will limit the sliding of the clamping wheel, while the eccentric shaft and the eccentric wheel continue to slide, and the clamping wheel and the eccentric wheel are misaligned. At this time, the matching block at the rear of the eccentric shaft is separated from the locking block, and the eccentric shaft and the eccentric wheel can rotate. The clamping wheel does not rotate relative to the eccentric wheel, and the friction between the clamping wheel and the wire rope will drive the eccentric wheel to rotate eccentrically around the eccentric shaft, so that the two clamping wheels and the eccentric shaft are close to each other, and the wire rope is further stuck.

[0021] e. At the same time, as the positioning plate is driven forward by the slide plate, the positioning groove corresponding to the wire rope switches from the passing area to the locking area, and the wire rope is further locked, thereby ensuring the locking effect between the device and the wire rope.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are as follows:

[0023] By setting up multiple locking mechanisms, the problem of disengagement caused by adopting a single ratchet locking in the prior art is solved, and the locking effect is improved by using extrusion locking and offset locking methods, thereby improving safety. In addition, the clamping wheel is in a rolling state during use, which reduces friction and improves practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a fall arrester structure from a first perspective according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety mechanism of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a clamping wheel of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention from a first perspective;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interior of a clamping wheel of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a front sectional view of a clamping wheel of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a top view of a locking mechanism of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a position state diagram of a slide plate and a clamping wheel in a state where a pull rod of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention is not pulled down;

[0035] Fig.11 It is a position state diagram of a slide plate and a clamping wheel when a pull rod of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention is pulled down;

[0036] Fig.12 It is a position state diagram of the eccentric shaft and the clamping wheel of a fall arrester structure according to the present invention when the pull rod is not pulled down;

[0037] Fig.13 This is a position state diagram of an eccentric shaft and a clamping wheel when a pull rod of a fall arrester structure described in the present invention is pulled down.

[0038] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Shell mechanism; 2. Mounting mechanism; 3. Wire rope; 4. Locking mechanism; 5. Positioning mechanism; 6. Safety mechanism; 11. Outer shell; 12. Sealing plate; 21. Pull rod; 22. Eccentric rotating block; 41. Slide plate; 42. Top ring; 43. Tension spring; 44. Locking block; 45. Matching block; 51. Positioning plate; 52. Support spring; 53. Positioning groove; 61. Clamping wheel; 62. Eccentric shaft; 63. Eccentric wheel; 64. Inner locking block; 65. Locking block spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0042] like Figure 1-Figure 13 As shown, a fall arrester structure includes a housing mechanism 1 for cooperating and limiting a steel wire rope 3, a safety mechanism 6 for performing multiple locking in the event of a fall, and a mounting mechanism 2 for triggering the locking mechanism 4 to work. The mounting mechanism 2 is mounted on the rear end of the housing mechanism 1 through a pin shaft, the steel wire rope 3 passes through the housing mechanism 1 from top to bottom, the locking mechanism 4 is mounted inside the housing mechanism 1, the safety mechanism 6 is symmetrically distributed on the locking mechanism 4, and a clamping mechanism 5 is provided at the upper and lower ends of the housing mechanism 1 at the positions where the steel wire rope 3 cooperates.

[0043] The housing mechanism 1 includes an outer housing 11, the outer housing 11 is formed with a through groove at a position corresponding to the eccentric rotating block 22 of the mounting mechanism 2, and a slide plate 41 of the locking mechanism 4 is arranged inside the outer housing 11 at a position corresponding to the eccentric rotating block 22, the slide plate 41 is axially slidably connected to the outer housing 11, and two groups of safety mechanisms 6 are symmetrically arranged, and the safety mechanisms 6 are installed on the end surface of the slide plate 41 and away from one end of the eccentric rotating block 22;

[0044] The safety mechanism 6 includes two clamping wheels 61 , which are rotatably connected to an eccentric wheel 63 via a ratchet assembly. The eccentric wheel 63 is connected to the slide plate 41 via an eccentric shaft 62 . The eccentric shaft 62 penetrates the slide plate 41 and cooperates with a locking assembly at the rear end of the slide plate 41 .

[0045] In this embodiment, a sealing plate 12 is installed at the front end of the outer shell 11, and the rear end of the outer shell 11 is connected to the eccentric rotating block 22 through a pin shaft. The rear end of the eccentric rotating block 22 is connected to a pull rod 21 by welding. The pull rod 21 is in a horizontal state under normal conditions. When falling occurs, the external rope pulls the pull rod 21 to be in a downward flipped state. When the pull rod 21 flips down, it drives the eccentric rotating block 22 to rotate, and the eccentric rotating extrusion slide plate 41 of the eccentric rotating block 22 slides.

[0046] In this embodiment, the ratchet assembly between the clamping wheel 61 and the eccentric wheel 63 includes an inner locking block 64 and a locking block spring 65. The inner locking block 64 is connected to the clamping wheel 61 through a pin shaft. The inner locking block 64 uses the pin shaft as a dividing line, one end is a centrifugal rotating end, and the other end is a locking end. The centrifugal rotating end cooperates with the clamping wheel 61 through the locking block spring 65, and a tooth groove is formed at the cooperation position between the outer cylindrical end surface of the eccentric wheel 63 and the inner locking block 64.

[0047] In this embodiment, the locking assembly arranged at the front and rear ends of the eccentric shaft 62 includes a matching block 45, a top ring 42, and a locking block 44. The eccentric shaft 62 and the matching block 45 are integrally formed, the locking block 44 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 11, and the locking block 44 is arranged on the side of the corresponding matching block 45. The locking block 44 is a square groove block for limiting the rotation of the matching block 45 and the eccentric shaft 62. The matching block 45 is formed with a rounded corner on the end face corresponding to the locking block 44, and the rounded corner size is smaller than the groove depth of the locking block 44. The top ring 42 is arranged on the front end face of the clamping wheel 61, and is used for when the eccentric rotating block 22 flips down and squeezes the slide plate 41 forward, and the eccentric wheel 63 is squeezed forward by the slide plate 41, the top ring 42 limits the clamping wheel 61, thereby causing misalignment between the clamping wheel 61 and the eccentric wheel 63, and a tensioning spring 43 is arranged on the end face of the slide plate 41 away from the clamping wheel 61.

[0048] In this embodiment, the clamping wheel 61 has two working states under the restriction of the top ring 42 and the slide plate 41, namely a normal state and a misaligned state. A tooth groove is formed on the inner side of the clamping wheel 61 corresponding to the outer circumferential surface of the eccentric wheel 63. When the clamping wheel 61 is in the misaligned state, a tooth groove is also provided on the outer circumferential surface of the corresponding eccentric shaft 62. When the clamping wheel 61 is in the normal state, the tooth groove of the clamping wheel 61 corresponds to the outer circumferential surface of the eccentric shaft 62 and is divided into a smooth surface.

[0049] In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 5 includes a locking plate 51, and the wire rope 3 passes through the locking plate 51. A locking groove 53 is formed on the locking plate 51 at the position where the wire rope 3 passes through. The locking groove 53 is divided into a passing area and a locking area (in this embodiment, the locking groove 53 is in the shape of a water drop, the wide side is the passing area, and the narrow side is the locking area). When the wire rope 3 slides through the passing area of ​​the locking groove 53 under normal conditions, when the slide plate 41 is moved forward by the extrusion force, the locking area of ​​the locking groove 53 will lock the wire rope 3.

[0050] In this embodiment, the end surface of the locking plate 51 cooperates with the sealing plate 12 via the supporting spring 52 .

[0051] In this embodiment, two inner locking blocks 64 are provided, and the two inner locking blocks 64 are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the clamping wheel 61 .

[0052] In this embodiment, a hole for fixing an external rope is formed at one end of the pull rod 21 away from the eccentric rotating block 22 , and the pull rod 21 is disposed at a circular upper position of the eccentric rotating block 22 .

[0053] A method for preventing a fall of a fall arrester structure, a. passing a steel wire rope 3 through a hole on an outer shell 11 and between two clamping wheels 61, and extending the steel wire rope 3 out of a hole at the bottom of the outer shell 11, and a worker connects the hole on a pull rod 21 with a rope, at which time a slide plate 41 is in a normal state, and the elastic force of a support spring 52 and a tension spring 43 supports the slide plate 41 to the rear side inside the outer shell 11;

[0054] b. When a person is climbing, the rope will be pulled to follow the person and move upward slowly. The inner locking block 64 inside the clamping wheel 61 is subjected to a small centrifugal force and will not get stuck. At this time, due to the friction between the wire rope 3, the outer shell 11 and the clamping groove 53, the device will stay in the corresponding position due to the friction when it is slowly pulled up;

[0055] c. If a fall occurs, because the steel wire rope 3 and the clamping wheel 61 are frictionally connected, and when the steel wire rope 3 moves at a very high speed, the steel wire rope 3 drives the clamping wheel 61 to rotate at an instant faster speed through friction. After the clamping wheel 61 rotates rapidly under the force, the inner locking block 64 is affected by the centrifugal force, and the heavier side, i.e., the centrifugal rotating end, is thrown outwards by the centrifugal force. At this time, because the rear part of the eccentric shaft 62 is locked by the locking block 44, and the eccentric shaft 62 and the eccentric wheel 63 are fixedly connected and will not move, the tooth groove on one side of the locking section will cooperate with the tooth groove on the end face of the eccentric wheel 63 to lock, and the clamping wheel 61 provides preliminary locking for the steel wire rope 3;

[0056] d. The falling force will pull the pull rod 21, causing the pull rod 21 to flip downward, and the pull rod 21 will drive the eccentric rotating block 22 to flip downward. Since the eccentric rotating block 22 is eccentrically installed, it will squeeze the internal slide plate 41 when flipping. The slide plate 41 moves forward after being squeezed, and the top ring 42 corresponding to the front side of the clamping wheel 61 will limit the sliding of the clamping wheel 61, while the eccentric shaft 62 and the eccentric wheel 63 continue to slide, and the clamping wheel 61 and the eccentric wheel 63 are misaligned. At this time, the matching block 45 at the rear of the eccentric shaft 62 is separated from the locking block 44, and the eccentric shaft 62 and the eccentric wheel 63 can rotate. The clamping wheel 61 does not rotate relative to the eccentric wheel 63, and the friction between the clamping wheel 61 and the wire rope 3 will drive the eccentric wheel 63 to rotate eccentrically around the eccentric shaft 62, so that the two clamping wheels 61 and the eccentric shaft 62 are close to each other, and the wire rope 3 is further stuck.

[0057] e. At the same time, since the positioning plate 51 is driven forward by the slide plate 41, the positioning groove 53 corresponds to the steel wire rope 3 switching from the passing area to the locking area, and the steel wire rope 3 is further locked, thereby ensuring the locking effect between the device and the steel wire rope 3.

[0058] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A fall arrester structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing mechanism (1) for cooperating and limiting a steel wire rope (3), a safety mechanism (6) for performing multiple locking in the event of a fall, and a mounting mechanism (2) for triggering the operation of a locking mechanism (4); the mounting mechanism (2) is mounted at the rear end of the housing mechanism (1) via a pin shaft; the steel wire rope (3) penetrates and connects the housing mechanism (1) from top to bottom; the locking mechanism (4) is mounted inside the housing mechanism (1); the safety mechanism (6) is symmetrically distributed on the locking mechanism (4); and a locking mechanism (5) is provided at the upper and lower ends of the housing mechanism (1) in cooperation with the steel wire rope (3); The housing mechanism (1) comprises an outer shell (11), the outer shell (11) is formed with a through groove corresponding to the position of the eccentric rotating block (22) of the mounting mechanism (2), and a slide plate (41) of the locking mechanism (4) is arranged inside the outer shell (11) at a position corresponding to the eccentric rotating block (22), the slide plate (41) is axially slidably connected to the outer shell (11), the safety mechanism (6) is symmetrically arranged in two groups, and the safety mechanism (6) is installed on the end surface of the slide plate (41) and away from one end of the eccentric rotating block (22); The safety mechanism (6) comprises two clamping wheels (61), wherein the clamping wheels (61) are rotatably connected to an eccentric wheel (63) via a ratchet assembly, and the eccentric wheel (63) is connected to the slide plate (41) via an eccentric shaft (62), and the eccentric shaft (62) passes through the slide plate (41) and cooperates with a locking assembly at the rear end of the slide plate (41).

2. A fall arrester structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing plate (12) is installed at the front end of the outer shell (11), and the rear end of the outer shell (11) is connected to the eccentric rotating block (22) via a pin shaft. The rear end of the eccentric rotating block (22) is connected to a pull rod (21) by welding. The pull rod (21) is in a horizontal state under normal conditions. When falling occurs, an external rope pulls the pull rod (21) to turn downward. When the pull rod (21) turns downward, it drives the eccentric rotating block (22) to rotate, and the eccentric rotation of the eccentric rotating block (22) squeezes the slide plate (41) to slide.

3. A fall arrester structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratchet assembly between the clamping wheel (61) and the eccentric wheel (63) comprises an inner locking block (64) and a locking block spring (65); the inner locking block (64) is connected to the clamping wheel (61) via a pin shaft; the inner locking block (64) has the pin shaft as a dividing line, one end of the inner locking block (64) is a centrifugal rotating end, and the other end is a locking end; the centrifugal rotating end cooperates with the clamping wheel (61) via the locking block spring (65); and a tooth groove is formed at the matching position between the outer cylindrical end surface of the eccentric wheel (63) and the inner locking block (64).

4. A fall arrester structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking assembly arranged at the front and rear ends of the eccentric shaft (62) comprises a matching block (45), a top ring (42), and a locking block (44); the eccentric shaft (62) and the matching block (45) are integrally formed; the locking block (44) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (11), and the locking block (44) is arranged on a side surface corresponding to the matching block (45); the locking block (44) is a square groove block for limiting the rotation of the matching block (45) and the eccentric shaft (62); the matching block (45) has a rounded corner on the end surface corresponding to the locking block (44); The rounded corner size is smaller than the groove depth of the locking block (44); the top ring (42) is arranged on the front end surface of the clamping wheel (61) and is used to squeeze the slide plate (41) forward when the eccentric rotating block (22) turns down and the eccentric wheel (63) is squeezed forward by the slide plate (41). The top ring (42) limits the clamping wheel (61), thereby causing misalignment between the clamping wheel (61) and the eccentric wheel (63); and a tension spring (43) is arranged on the end surface of the slide plate (41) away from the clamping wheel (61).

5. A fall arrester structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping wheel (61) has two working states under the restriction of the top ring (42) and the slide plate (41), namely a normal state and a misaligned state. A tooth groove is formed on the inner side of the clamping wheel (61) corresponding to the outer circumferential surface of the eccentric wheel (63). When the clamping wheel (61) is in the misaligned state, a tooth groove is also provided on the corresponding outer circumferential surface of the eccentric shaft (62). When the clamping wheel (61) is in the normal state, the tooth groove of the clamping wheel (61) corresponds to the outer circumferential surface of the eccentric shaft (62) and is divided into a smooth surface.

6. A fall arrester structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (5) comprises a locking plate (51), the steel wire rope (3) passes through the locking plate (51), a locking groove (53) is formed on the locking plate (51) at the position where the steel wire rope (3) passes through, and the locking groove (53) is divided into a passing area and a locking area. When the steel wire rope (3) slides through the passing area of ​​the locking groove (53) under normal conditions, when the slide plate (41) is moved forward by the extrusion force, the locking area of ​​the locking groove (53) will lock the steel wire rope (3).

7. A fall arrester structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end surface of the locking plate (51) cooperates with the sealing plate (12) via a supporting spring (52).

8. A fall arrester structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two inner locking blocks (64) are provided, and the two inner locking blocks (64) are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the clamping wheel (61).

9. A fall arrester structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A hole for fixing an external rope is formed at one end of the pull rod (21) away from the eccentric rotating block (22), and the pull rod (21) is arranged at a circular upper position of the eccentric rotating block (22).

10. A method for preventing a fall according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: a. Pass the steel wire rope (3) through the hole on the outer shell (11) and between the two clamping wheels (61), and extend it out from the hole at the bottom of the outer shell (11). The staff connects the hole on the pull rod (21) with a rope. At this time, the slide plate (41) is in a normal state, and the elastic force of the support spring (52) and the tension spring (43) supports the slide plate (41) to the rear side inside the outer shell (11); b. When a person climbs, the rope will be pulled to move slowly upward with the person. The inner locking block (64) inside the clamping wheel (61) is subjected to less centrifugal force and will not get stuck. At this time, due to the friction between the steel wire rope (3), the outer shell (11) and the clamping groove (53), when the device is slowly pulled upward, it will stay in the corresponding position due to the friction force; c. If a fall occurs, since the steel wire rope (3) and the clamping wheel (61) are frictionally connected, and when the steel wire rope (3) moves at a very high speed, the steel wire rope (3) drives the clamping wheel (61) to rotate at an instant speed due to the friction force. After the clamping wheel (61) rotates rapidly under the force, the inner locking block (64) is affected by the centrifugal force, and the heavier side, i.e., the centrifugal rotating end, is thrown outwards due to the centrifugal force. At this time, since the rear part of the eccentric shaft (62) is locked by the locking block (44), and the eccentric shaft (62) and the eccentric wheel (63) are fixedly connected and do not move, the tooth groove on one side of the locking section will cooperate with the tooth groove on the end face of the eccentric wheel (63) to lock, and the clamping wheel (61) provides preliminary locking for the steel wire rope (3); d. Since the downward force will pull the pull rod (21) and make the pull rod (21) flip downward, the pull rod (21) drives the eccentric rotating block (22) to flip downward. Since the eccentric rotating block (22) is eccentrically installed, the eccentric rotating block (22) will squeeze the internal slide plate (41) when flipping. After being squeezed, the slide plate (41) moves forward. The top ring (42) corresponding to the front side of the clamping wheel (61) will limit the sliding of the clamping wheel (61), while the eccentric shaft (62) and the eccentric wheel (63) continue to slide. The clamping wheel (61) ) and the eccentric wheel (63), the matching block (45) at the rear of the eccentric shaft (62) is separated from the locking block (44), the eccentric shaft (62) and the eccentric wheel (63) can rotate, and the clamping wheel (61) does not rotate relative to the eccentric wheel (63). Then, the friction between the clamping wheel (61) and the wire rope (3) drives the eccentric wheel (63) to rotate eccentrically around the eccentric shaft (62), and then the two clamping wheels (61) and the eccentric shaft (62) are close to each other, further blocking the wire rope (3); e. At the same time, as the positioning plate (51) is driven forward by the slide plate (41), the positioning groove (53) corresponds to the steel wire rope (3) switching from the passing area to the locking area, and further locking the steel wire rope (3), thereby ensuring the locking effect between the device and the steel wire rope (3).

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