A dustproof powder spreading mechanism and a metal 3D printing device

Abstract

This invention provides a dustproof powder spreading mechanism and a metal 3D printing device, belonging to the field of metal 3D printing technology. It includes: a forming chamber, comprising a base plate and two side plates; a forming cylinder connected to the base plate; a forming plate connected to the top of the forming cylinder; a dustproof module disposed between the forming plate and the base plate; a sealed cavity formed between the base plate, the forming cylinder, the forming plate, the two dustproof modules, and the two side plates; and a powder spreading module, comprising two sliding components and two actuating components, a first powder spreading arm disposed within the sealed cavity, and a second powder spreading arm disposed outside the sealed cavity, the first and second powder spreading arms being connected across the dustproof module. The beneficial effects of this invention are: by setting a dustproof module between the forming plate and the base plate, and the base plate, forming cylinder, forming plate, dustproof module, and side plates together forming a sealed cavity, dust in the forming chamber is effectively prevented from entering the sealed cavity, thereby protecting the powder spreading module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal 3D printing technology, and relates to a dustproof powder spreading mechanism and a metal 3D printing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a metal 3D printing technology belonging to Additive Manufacturing (AM). In the metal 3D printing process, a thin layer of metal powder is first spread on a forming platform. Then, a laser beam moves according to a path generated by slicing software, selectively melting specific areas of the powder layer, causing it to solidify into a two-dimensional cross-section. Once one layer is complete, the forming platform descends by the thickness of one layer, and new metal powder is laid on top. This process is repeated until the entire part is completed.

[0003] During the metal 3D printing process described above, a large amount of vaporization products, smoke, splashes and other particulate matter are generated. These particulate matter floats throughout the forming chamber under the action of the circulating air field. Similarly, powder floating is also generated during the powder spreading process under the combined action of the scraper and the circulating air field.

[0004] Traditional powder spreading mechanisms require elongated openings to ensure the movement of the powder spreading arm remains unaffected. However, during printing, the entire elongated opening is mostly open or semi-open, except for a small portion filled by the powder spreading arm. Therefore, floating particles can easily enter the interior of the powder spreading device through these open openings, contaminating the internal guide rails, sliders, and other components. In severe cases, this can lead to damage from excessive wear on the guide rails, reducing their lifespan and significantly increasing the maintenance costs of metal 3D printing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by proposing a dustproof powder spreading mechanism and a metal 3D printing device.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a dustproof powder spreading mechanism, comprising:

[0007] A forming chamber, wherein the forming chamber is configured as a box-shaped structure, the forming chamber includes a bottom plate and two side plates located on both sides of the bottom plate respectively;

[0008] A forming cylinder, which is connected to the base plate, with a portion of the forming cylinder located within the forming chamber;

[0009] A forming plate is located inside the forming chamber, covering the top of the forming cylinder, and its two ends are respectively sealed to the two side plates.

[0010] A dustproof module is sealed between the forming plate and the bottom plate, and both ends of the dustproof module are respectively sealed to the two side plates. There are two dustproof modules, and the two dustproof modules are respectively located on both sides of the forming cylinder.

[0011] A sealed cavity is formed between the base plate, the forming cylinder, the forming plate, the two dustproof modules, and the two side plates, and the sealed cavity is isolated from the rest of the space in the forming chamber;

[0012] The powder spreading module includes two sliding components and two actuating components. Each actuating component includes a first powder spreading arm and a second powder spreading arm. The two sliding components are installed in the sealed cavity. The first powder spreading arms of the two actuating components are located in the sealed cavity and are respectively close to the two dustproof modules. The second powder spreading arms of the two actuating components are located in the forming chamber and are respectively adjacent to the two sides of the sealed cavity. The first powder spreading arms of the two actuating components are respectively connected to the two sliding components. The second powder spreading arms of the actuating components are fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arm through the dustproof modules.

[0013] Preferably, the dustproof module includes a first dustproof plate and a dustproof belt. The first dustproof plate is sealed to the base plate, the forming plate, and the two side plates. The first dustproof plate has a first strip-shaped hole. The dustproof belt is tightly attached to the first dustproof plate and seals the first strip-shaped hole. The first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm of the actuating component are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the dustproof belt.

[0014] Preferably, the dustproof module further includes a second dustproof plate, which is connected to the first dustproof plate via several elastic connecting components. Each elastic connecting component includes a screw and a spring. The screw passes through the second dustproof plate and is fixedly connected to the first dustproof plate. The spring is sleeved on the screw and abuts against the second dustproof plate. The dustproof strip is disposed between the first dustproof plate and the second dustproof plate. Under the pre-tension of the spring, the first dustproof plate and the second dustproof plate have a tendency to clamp the dustproof strip. The second dustproof plate, the dustproof strip, and the first dustproof plate are tightly fitted together.

[0015] Preferably, a first felt is installed on the side of the first dustproof plate facing the second dustproof plate, and a second felt is installed on the side of the second dustproof plate facing the first dustproof plate. The first felt and the second felt clamp the dustproof strip under the preload of the spring to form a sealed structure.

[0016] Preferably, the first dustproof plate has a first mounting groove on the side facing the second dustproof plate, and the first felt is disposed in the first mounting groove; the second dustproof plate has a second mounting groove on the side facing the first dustproof plate, and the second felt is disposed in the second mounting groove.

[0017] Preferably, the second dustproof plate has a second strip-shaped hole aligned with the first strip-shaped hole, the end of the first powder-spreading arm is located inside the second strip-shaped hole and is in close contact with one side of the dustproof belt, and the end of the second powder-spreading arm is located inside the first strip-shaped hole and is in close contact with the other side of the dustproof belt.

[0018] Preferably, the dustproof module further includes two guide wheels, and the dustproof belt is sleeved on the two guide wheels to form a transmission belt structure, with a section of the dustproof belt located between the first dustproof plate and the second dustproof plate.

[0019] Preferably, the forming chamber has two deposition chambers, which are adjacent to the two sides of the sealing chamber. The second powder spreading arms of the two actuation components are located in the two deposition chambers respectively, and the bottom plate has a powder dropping groove on the part corresponding to the bottom of the deposition chamber.

[0020] Preferably, the sliding assembly includes a guide rail and a slider. The guide rail is fixedly disposed on the portion of the base plate corresponding to the bottom of the sealing cavity. The slider is slidably connected to the guide rail. The first powder spreading arm is fixedly connected to the slider. A first accordion cover and a second accordion cover are provided on the guide rail. The fixed ends of the first accordion cover and the second accordion cover are respectively located at the two ends of the guide rail. The two ends of the slider are respectively fixedly connected to the movable ends of the first accordion cover and the movable ends of the second accordion cover. The first accordion cover and the second accordion cover are configured to extend and retract as the slider slides.

[0021] A metal 3D printing device includes: the dustproof powder spreading mechanism, the dustproof powder spreading mechanism further includes a powder spreading frame, the powder spreading frame is located above the forming plate, and the two ends of the powder spreading frame are respectively fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arms of two execution components.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. A dustproof module is set between the forming plate and the base plate. The base plate, forming cylinder, forming plate, two dustproof modules and two side plates together form a sealed cavity, which effectively prevents dust in the forming chamber from entering the sealed cavity, thereby protecting the powder spreading module.

[0024] 2. The dustproof belt seals the first strip hole whether it is stationary or moving with the powder spreading arm. That is, no matter where the first and second powder spreading arms are, the dustproof belt can cover the entire first strip hole, so that dust cannot enter the sealed cavity through the first strip hole.

[0025] 3. The second dustproof plate and the first dustproof plate are arranged facing each other, and are clamped together by the spring action of the elastic connecting assembly. Therefore, the dustproof belt located between them is sandwiched between the second dustproof plate and the first dustproof plate, ensuring that the dustproof belt can firmly seal the first strip hole under the pre-tension of the spring. The dustproof belt is sandwiched in the middle by the first dustproof plate and the second dustproof plate, making the three fit tightly together. This not only ensures the stability of the dustproof belt during movement, but also effectively prevents dust or smoke from leaking into the sealing cavity from the gap between the dustproof belt and the first dustproof plate.

[0026] 4. The felt can fit very tightly against the dustproof belt, eliminating any possible gaps and ensuring that dust cannot pass through the gaps between the dustproof belt and the felt. Furthermore, the dustproof belt can still slide between the first and second felts to allow relative movement between the first and second dust-laying arms. The presence of the felt does not significantly affect the sliding performance of the dustproof belt, while effectively preventing dust or fumes from entering the sealed cavity from the outside. The elasticity provided by the spring allows the dustproof belt to make slight adjustments when subjected to changes in external pressure, maintaining a stable seal over a long period. The compression characteristics of the felt also accommodate this fine-tuning, ensuring that the seal remains unaffected.

[0027] 5. As the slider moves, the accordion cover can flexibly extend or retract, always maintaining effective coverage of the guide rail. In addition to the dustproof belt providing primary dust protection, the accordion cover can effectively prevent dust from inside the powder spreading mechanism from falling onto the mating surfaces of the guide rail and the slider, thus providing secondary dust protection. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dustproof powder spreading mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0030] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the dustproof module of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4This is an exploded view of the dustproof powder spreading mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the dustproof powder spreading mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a top view of the dustproof powder spreading mechanism of the present invention after the forming plate has been removed.

[0034] In the figure, 100 is the forming chamber; 110 is the bottom plate; 120 is the side plate; 130 is the sealing cavity; 140 is the deposition chamber; 141 is the powder drop trough; 200 is the forming cylinder; 300 is the forming plate; 400 is the actuation component; 410 is the first powder spreading arm; 420 is the second powder spreading arm; 430 is the first dustproof plate; 431 is the first strip hole; 432 is the first felt; 433 is the first mounting groove; 440 is the dustproof belt; 441 is the guide wheel; 450 is the second dustproof plate; 451 is the second strip hole; 452 is the second felt; 453 is the second mounting groove; 460 is the screw; 470 is the spring; 480 is the guide rail; 490 is the slider; 510 is the first bellows cover; 520 is the second bellows cover; 600 is the powder spreading frame; and 700 is the forming substrate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a dustproof powder spreading mechanism includes: a forming chamber 100, which is configured as a box-shaped structure, including a bottom plate 110 and two side plates 120 respectively located on both sides of the bottom plate 110; a forming cylinder 200, which is connected to the bottom plate 110, and a portion of the forming cylinder 200 is located inside the forming chamber 100; a forming plate 300, which is located inside the forming chamber 100, covering the top of the forming cylinder 200, and its two ends are respectively sealed to the two side plates 120; and two dustproof modules, which are sealed between the forming plate 300 and the bottom plate 110, and whose two ends are respectively sealed to the two side plates 120. The number of dustproof modules is two, and the two dustproof modules are respectively located on both sides of the forming cylinder 200; the bottom plate 110, the forming cylinder 200, and the forming plate 100 are also mentioned. A sealed cavity 130 is formed between the two dustproof modules and the two side plates 120, and the sealed cavity 130 is isolated from the rest of the space in the forming chamber 100; the powder spreading module includes two sliding components and two actuating components 400, and the actuating components 400 include a first powder spreading arm 410 and a second powder spreading arm 420. The two sliding components are installed in the sealed cavity 130. The first powder spreading arms 410 of the two actuating components 400 are both located in the sealed cavity 130 and are close to the two dustproof modules respectively. The second powder spreading arms 420 of the two actuating components 400 are both located in the forming chamber 100 and are adjacent to the two sides of the sealed cavity 130 respectively. The first powder spreading arms 410 of the two actuating components 400 are respectively connected to the two sliding components. The second powder spreading arms 420 of the actuating components 400 are fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arm 420 through the dustproof module.

[0037] In this embodiment, the forming chamber 100 has a closed box-like structure (top plate not shown in the figure), and the side plate 120 is actually a flanged structure formed by folding the edge of the bottom plate 110. The bottom plate 110 has an installation port, and the upper and lower parts of the forming cylinder 200 are connected by a stepped structure. The forming cylinder 200 is locked in place by the stepped structure, thereby sealing it with the bottom plate 110 and placing the upper part of the forming cylinder 200 inside the forming chamber 100. The forming plate 300 seals part of the opening of the forming chamber 100, and the forming plate 300 has a clearance opening. The upper end of the forming cylinder 200 also has a stepped structure, and the upper end of the forming cylinder 200 is locked in place by the stepped structure, thereby sealing it with the forming plate 300. A lifting molding substrate 700 is provided inside the molding cylinder 200. Metal powder is spread on the molding substrate 700. After one layer is printed, the molding substrate 700 will descend by the thickness of one layer, and new metal powder will be spread on it. The above process is repeated until the entire part is completed.

[0038] The sealing cavity 130 is actually a U-shaped cavity structure. The upper and lower ends of the dustproof module are respectively sealed to the forming plate 300 and the bottom plate 110. The bottom plate 110 forms the bottom of the sealing cavity 130, the forming plate 300 forms the top of the sealing cavity 130, the outer peripheral surface of the forming cylinder 200 forms the inner wall surface of the sealing cavity 130, the two dustproof modules form the left and right walls of the sealing cavity 130, and the two side plates 120 form the front and rear walls of the sealing cavity 130.

[0039] The sealed cavity 130 is isolated from the rest of the space inside the forming chamber 100. Two sliding components and two first powder spreading arms 410 are built into the sealed cavity 130, and the second powder spreading arm 420 is located outside the sealed cavity 130. The dustproof module isolates the rest of the space inside the forming chamber 100 from the sliding components (guide rail 480 and slider 490) to prevent dust from entering the sealed cavity 130 and contaminating the sliding components.

[0040] This design cleverly creates a separate sealed cavity 130, which is large enough to accommodate two sliding components, a drive component, and two first powder-spreading arms 410, thus eliminating the need for separate dust protection for the sliding and drive components. In this example, the first powder-spreading arm 410 and the second powder-spreading arm 420 are connected by a movable part (dustproof belt 440) in the dustproof module, allowing the second powder-spreading arm 420 and the first powder-spreading arm 410 to move together via the dustproof belt 440, while the dustproof module prevents dust from entering the sealed cavity 130.

[0041] The sliding assembly includes a guide rail 480 and a slider 490. The guide rail 480 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealed cavity 130, and the slider 490 is slidably connected to the guide rail 480. The first powder-spreading arm 410 is also connected to the slider 490, so the actuating assembly 400 can slide along the guide rail 480 via the slider 490. A driving assembly is also provided inside the sealed cavity 130. The driving assembly is connected to the two sliding assemblies and can drive the two sliding assemblies to move, thereby moving the two first powder-spreading arms 410. Because the driving assembly is inside the sealed cavity 130, dust contamination of the driving assembly can be avoided.

[0042] In the actual structure, the drive assembly includes a motor, a drive shaft, and two sets of transmission belts. The two sets of transmission belts are respectively connected to the sliders 490 of the two sliding components. The motor is connected to the synchronous pulleys of the two sets of transmission belts through the drive shaft. Therefore, the motor can synchronously drive the sliders 490 of the two sliding components to move through the two sets of transmission belts, thereby driving the two actuators 400 to move synchronously.

[0043] The sealed cavity 130 effectively isolates the remaining space within the forming chamber 100 from the sliding components of the powder-spreading module (such as the guide rail 480 and slider 490). Therefore, smoke, splatter, and floating powder particles generated during printing cannot enter the interior of the sliding components, preventing contamination or damage to the internal precision components. By reducing the impact of dust and particulate matter on the powder-spreading module, especially on the wear of moving parts such as the guide rail and slider 490, the service life of these components can be extended, and the failure rate due to wear can be reduced. Furthermore, due to the large space of the sealed cavity 130, the drive components can also be housed within it. Therefore, there is no need for separate dustproof measures for drive components (reducer, motor, etc.), meaning these heat sources can be directly exposed inside the sealed cavity 130, which facilitates heat dissipation and ensures good heat dissipation performance of the equipment.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the dustproof module includes a first dustproof plate 430 and a dustproof belt 440. The first dustproof plate 430 is sealed to the base plate 110, the forming plate 300 and the two side plates 120. The first dustproof plate 430 has a first strip hole 431. The dustproof belt 440 is tightly attached to the first dustproof plate 430 and seals the first strip hole 431. The first powder spreading arm 410 and the second powder spreading arm 420 of the execution component 400 are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the dustproof belt 440.

[0045] The top and bottom ends of the first dustproof plate 430 are sealed to the forming plate 300 and the base plate 110, respectively. The function of the first strip hole 431 is to ensure that the movement of the actuator 400 (powder spreading arm) is not affected. If the first strip hole 431 is not provided, the actuator 400 cannot extend out of the sealed cavity 130, let alone slide. The first strip hole 431 is provided on the first dustproof plate 430, and a part of the dustproof belt 440 corresponds to the first strip hole 431. The second powder spreading arm 420 can pass through the first strip hole 431 and connect or fit with the part of the dustproof belt 440 corresponding to the first strip hole 431, so that the second powder spreading arm 420 can be connected to the dustproof belt 440 or the first powder spreading arm 410 through the first strip hole 431.

[0046] In this embodiment, the dustproof belt 440 is tightly attached to the first dustproof plate 430 and seals the first strip hole 431, playing a crucial dustproof role. Whether stationary or moving with the actuator 400, the dustproof belt 440 seals the first strip hole 431. That is, regardless of the position of the actuator 400, the dustproof belt 440 can completely cover the first strip hole 431, preventing dust from entering the sealed cavity 130 through the first strip hole 431. As a movable part, the dustproof belt 440 not only seals the first strip hole 431 but also allows relative movement between the first powder-spreading arm 410 and the second powder-spreading arm 420. Specifically, the first powder-spreading arm 410 and the second powder-spreading arm 420 are tightly attached to both sides of the dustproof belt 440, and the connecting piece (screw) passes through the first powder-spreading arm 410, the dustproof belt 440, and the second powder-spreading arm 420, thereby fixing these three together. When the first powder spreading arm 410 is driven by the same transmission belt to move along the guide rail 480, the first powder spreading arm 410, the dustproof belt 440 and the second powder spreading arm 420 move together, thereby driving the powder spreading frame 600 to move above the forming plate 300.

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, the dustproof module further includes a second dustproof plate 450. The second dustproof plate 450 is connected to the first dustproof plate 430 through several elastic connecting components. The elastic connecting components include screws 460 and springs 470. The screws 460 pass through the second dustproof plate 450 and are fixedly connected to the first dustproof plate 430. The springs 470 are sleeved on the screws 460 and are in contact with the second dustproof plate 450. The dustproof strip 440 is disposed between the first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450. Under the pre-tightening action of the springs 470, the first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450 have a tendency to clamp the dustproof strip 440. The second dustproof plate 450, the dustproof strip 440 and the first dustproof plate 430 are tightly fitted together.

[0048] Under the action of spring 470, the second dustproof plate 450 can press the dustproof belt 440 tightly against the first dustproof plate 430, thereby sealing the first strip hole 431. The function of the second dustproof plate 450 is actually to provide the dustproof belt 440 with the pre-tightening force to seal the first strip hole 431.

[0049] The principle of this embodiment is as follows: the second dustproof plate 450 and the first dustproof plate 430 are arranged face to face, and the two are clamped together by the spring 470 of the elastic connecting assembly. Therefore, the dustproof belt 440 located between the two is sandwiched between the second dustproof plate 450 and the first dustproof plate 430, ensuring that the dustproof belt 440 can firmly seal the first strip hole 431 under the pre-tension force of the spring 470. The dustproof belt 440 is sandwiched in the middle by the first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450, so that the three are closely fitted. This not only ensures the stability of the dustproof belt 440 during movement, but also effectively prevents dust or smoke from leaking into the sealing cavity 130 from the gap between the dustproof belt 440 and the first dustproof plate 430.

[0050] Based on the above embodiment, a first felt 432 is installed on the side of the first dustproof plate 430 facing the second dustproof plate 450, and a second felt 452 is installed on the side of the second dustproof plate 450 facing the first dustproof plate 430. The first felt 432 and the second felt 452 clamp the dustproof strip 440 under the pre-tightening action of the spring 470 to form a sealed structure.

[0051] This embodiment introduces a first felt 432 and a second felt 452. Both the first felt 432 and the second felt 452 have clearance holes corresponding to the strip-shaped holes. The first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450 can clamp the dustproof belt 440 through the first felt 432 and the second felt 452. The felt material has good flexibility and filling properties, which can effectively fill the tiny gaps between the dustproof belt 440 and the dustproof plate, providing a better sealing effect. That is, the felt can fit very tightly with the dustproof belt 440, eliminating any possible gaps and ensuring that dust cannot pass through the gaps between the dustproof belt 440 and the felt. In addition, the dustproof belt 440 can still slide between the first felt 432 and the second felt 452 to realize the relative movement between the first powder-spreading arm 410 and the second powder-spreading arm 420. The presence of the felt does not significantly affect the sliding performance of the dustproof belt 440, while effectively preventing dust or smoke from entering the sealed cavity 130 from the outside. When the felt wears out, the elasticity provided by the spring 470 allows the second dustproof plate 450 to move closer to the first dustproof plate 430, maintaining a long-term stable sealing state. The compression characteristics of the felt can also adapt to this fine adjustment, ensuring that the sealing performance is not affected.

[0052] Preferably, the first dustproof plate 430 has a first mounting groove 433 on the side facing the second dustproof plate 450, and the first felt 432 is disposed in the first mounting groove 433; the second dustproof plate 450 has a second mounting groove 453 on the side facing the first dustproof plate 430, and the second felt 452 is disposed in the second mounting groove 453.

[0053] The first mounting groove 433 and the second mounting groove 453 serve the same purpose: to confine the felt to the dustproof plate. Since the felt is confined within the mounting groove, the felt will not be moved by the dustproof belt 440 when it moves, ensuring that the felt is reliably fixed to the surface of the dustproof plate.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the second dustproof plate 450 has a second strip hole 451, the second strip hole 451 is aligned with the first strip hole 431, the end of the first powder spreading arm 410 is located in the second strip hole 451 and is close to one side of the dustproof belt 440, and the end of the second powder spreading arm 420 is located in the first strip hole 431 and is close to the other side of the dustproof belt 440.

[0055] Since the first powder-spreading arm 410 is located inside the sealed cavity 130 and the second powder-spreading arm 420 is located outside the sealed cavity 130, both need to be fitted together with the dustproof belt 440. Therefore, a second strip hole 451 is specially opened on the second dustproof plate 450 so that the first powder-spreading arm 410 can pass through the second strip hole 451 and fit tightly together with the dustproof belt 440, while the second powder-spreading arm 420 can pass through the first strip hole 431 and fit tightly together with the dustproof belt 440.

[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the dustproof module also includes two guide wheels 441, and a dustproof belt 440 is fitted onto the two guide wheels 441 to form a transmission belt structure. A section of the dustproof belt 440 is located between the first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450.

[0057] The dustproof belt 440 is designed as a transmission belt structure, which means that the dustproof belt 440 includes two parallel belt bodies that can move. The first powder spreading arm 410 and the second powder spreading arm 420 are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of one of the belt bodies. When the actuator 400 moves, the dustproof belt 440 moves, and this belt body moves closely against the first strip hole 431 and the second strip hole 451, ensuring that the first strip hole 431 and the second strip hole 451 are closed.

[0058] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the forming chamber 100 has two deposition chambers 140, which are adjacent to the sealing chamber 130 on both sides. The second powder spreading arms 420 of the two execution components 400 are respectively located in the two deposition chambers 140. The bottom plate 110 has a powder dropping groove 141 in the part corresponding to the bottom of the deposition chamber 140.

[0059] The deposition chamber 140 is adjacent to the sealed chamber 130, and the two are separated by the first dustproof plate 430. The powder dropper 141 is used to collect and guide floating particles in the deposition chamber 140 into the recycling system. During powder spreading and metal 3D printing, floating particles (dust) are blocked by the first dustproof plate 430 and thus accumulate at the bottom of the deposition chamber 140. The powder dropper 141 can effectively guide the settled powder to the recycling system, preventing secondary re-entrainment. Furthermore, the recycled powder can be screened, processed, and reused, reducing waste and lowering costs.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the sliding assembly includes a guide rail 480 and a slider 490. The guide rail 480 is fixedly disposed on the part of the base plate 110 corresponding to the bottom of the sealing cavity 130. The slider 490 is slidably connected to the guide rail 480. The first powder spreading arm 410 is fixedly connected to the slider 490. The guide rail 480 is covered with a first accordion cover 510 and a second accordion cover 520. The fixed ends of the first accordion cover 510 and the second accordion cover 520 are respectively located at the two ends of the guide rail 480. The two ends of the slider 490 are fixedly connected to the movable ends of the first accordion cover 510 and the second accordion cover 520 respectively. The first accordion cover 510 and the second accordion cover 520 are configured to extend and retract as the slider 490 slides.

[0061] The function of the first and second bellows covers 510 and 520 is to cover the guide rail 480. Building upon the dustproof sealing provided by the sealed cavity 130 and the dustproof module, they further seal and protect the mating surfaces of the guide rail 480 and the slider 490. Specifically, as the slider 490 moves, the bellows covers can flexibly extend or retract, always maintaining effective coverage of the guide rail 480. In addition to the primary dustproofing provided by the dustproof strip 440, the bellows covers effectively prevent dust from inside the powder spreading mechanism from falling onto the mating surfaces of the guide rail 480 and the slider 490, thus providing secondary dustproofing.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a metal 3D printing device includes a dustproof powder spreading mechanism, which further includes a powder spreading frame 600 located above a forming plate 300. The two ends of the powder spreading frame 600 are fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arms 420 of two execution components 400, respectively.

[0063] Preferably, a scraper is installed on the powder spreading frame 600. The function of the dustproof powder spreading mechanism is to use the scraper on the powder spreading frame 600 to level the powder falling on the forming substrate 700. During the powder spreading operation, the drive component drives two sliders 490 to slide through two sets of transmission belts. When the sliders 490 slide, they drive two actuators 400 to move. The two actuators 400 drive the powder spreading frame 600 to pass over the forming substrate 700, thereby leveling the powder. During this process, the design of the sealing cavity 130 effectively isolates the influence of the external environment, preventing dust from entering and affecting the powder-laying module. The first felt 432 of the first dustproof plate 430 and the second felt 452 of the second dustproof plate 450 firmly clamp the dustproof belt 440, forming a highly reliable sealing structure. This sealing structure does not affect the movement of the dustproof belt 440, ensuring that the dustproof belt 440 can completely seal the first strip hole 431 under any circumstances, and ensuring that there are no gaps between the dustproof belt 440 and the first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450, thus enhancing the sealing performance of the system. In addition, the first bellows cover 510 and the second bellows cover 520 on the guide rail 480 extend and retract with the sliding of the slider 490, always covering the guide rail 480 and the mating surface between the guide rail 480 and the slider 490, protecting the guide rail 480 and the slider 490 from dust contamination.

[0064] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0065] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," "a," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0066] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited.

[0067] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A dustproof powder spreading mechanism, characterized in that, include: A forming chamber (100) is configured as a box-shaped structure, the forming chamber (100) includes a bottom plate (110) and two side plates (120) respectively located on both sides of the bottom plate (110); A forming cylinder (200) is connected to the base plate (110), and a portion of the forming cylinder (200) is located inside the forming chamber (100); A forming plate (300) is located inside the forming chamber (100). The forming plate (300) covers the top of the forming cylinder (200). The two ends of the forming plate (300) are respectively sealed and connected to the two side plates (120). A dustproof module is sealed between the forming plate (300) and the bottom plate (110), and both ends of the dustproof module are respectively sealed to the two side plates (120). There are two dustproof modules, and the two dustproof modules are respectively located on both sides of the forming cylinder (200). A sealed cavity (130) is formed between the base plate (110), the forming cylinder (200), the forming plate (300), the two dustproof modules, and the two side plates (120), and the sealed cavity (130) is isolated from the rest of the space in the forming chamber (100); A powder spreading module includes two sliding components and two actuating components (400). Each actuating component (400) includes a first powder spreading arm (410) and a second powder spreading arm (420). The two sliding components are installed in the sealed cavity (130). The first powder spreading arms (410) of the two actuating components (400) are located in the sealed cavity (130) and are close to the two dustproof modules respectively. The second powder spreading arms (420) of the two actuating components (400) are located in the forming chamber (100) and are adjacent to the two sides of the sealed cavity (130) respectively. The first powder spreading arms (410) of the two actuating components (400) are respectively connected to the two sliding components. The second powder spreading arms (420) of the actuating components (400) are fixedly connected to the first powder spreading arm (410) through the dustproof module. The dustproof module includes a first dustproof plate (430) and a dustproof belt (440). The first dustproof plate (430) is sealed to the base plate (110), the forming plate (300), and the two side plates (120). The first dustproof plate (430) has a first strip hole (431). The dustproof belt (440) is tightly attached to the first dustproof plate (430) and seals the first strip hole (431). The first powder spreading arm (410) and the second powder spreading arm (420) of the execution component (400) are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the dustproof belt (440). The dustproof module further includes a second dustproof plate (450), which is connected to the first dustproof plate (430) through several elastic connecting components. The elastic connecting components include a screw (460) and a spring (470). The screw (460) passes through the second dustproof plate (450) and is fixedly connected to the first dustproof plate (430). The spring (470) is sleeved on the screw (460) and abuts against the second dustproof plate (450). The dustproof strip (440) is disposed between the first dustproof plate (430) and the second dustproof plate (450). Under the pre-tightening action of the spring (470), the first dustproof plate (430) and the second dustproof plate (450) have a tendency to clamp the dustproof strip (440). The second dustproof plate (450), the dustproof strip (440) and the first dustproof plate (430) are tightly fitted together.

2. The dustproof powder spreading mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A first felt (432) is installed on the side of the first dustproof plate (430) facing the second dustproof plate (450), and a second felt (452) is installed on the side of the second dustproof plate (450) facing the first dustproof plate (430). The first felt (432) and the second felt (452) clamp the dustproof strip (440) under the pre-tightening action of the spring (470) to form a sealed structure.

3. The dustproof powder spreading mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The first dustproof plate (430) has a first mounting groove (433) on the side facing the second dustproof plate (450), and the first felt (432) is disposed in the first mounting groove (433); the second dustproof plate (450) has a second mounting groove (453) on the side facing the first dustproof plate (430), and the second felt (452) is disposed in the second mounting groove (453).

4. The dustproof powder spreading mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second dustproof plate (450) has a second strip hole (451) aligned with the first strip hole (431). The end of the first powder spreading arm (410) is located inside the second strip hole (451) and is in close contact with one side of the dustproof belt (440). The end of the second powder spreading arm (420) is located inside the first strip hole (431) and is in close contact with the other side of the dustproof belt (440).

5. The dustproof powder spreading mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The dustproof module also includes two guide wheels (441), and the dustproof belt (440) is sleeved on the two guide wheels (441) to form a transmission belt structure. One section of the dustproof belt (440) is located between the first dustproof plate (430) and the second dustproof plate (450).

6. The dustproof powder spreading mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The forming chamber (100) has two deposition chambers (140), which are adjacent to the two sides of the sealing chamber (130). The second powder spreading arms (420) of the two execution components (400) are respectively located in the two deposition chambers (140). The bottom plate (110) has a powder dropping groove (141) at the bottom of the deposition chamber (140).

7. The dustproof powder spreading mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly includes a guide rail (480) and a slider (490). The guide rail (480) is fixedly disposed on the part of the base plate (110) corresponding to the bottom of the sealing cavity (130). The slider (490) is slidably connected to the guide rail (480). The first powder spreading arm (410) is fixedly connected to the slider (490). The guide rail (480) is covered with a first accordion cover (510) and a second accordion cover (520). The fixed ends of the first accordion cover (510) and the second accordion cover (520) are respectively located at the two ends of the guide rail (480). The two ends of the slider (490) are fixedly connected to the movable ends of the first accordion cover (510) and the second accordion cover (520) respectively. The first accordion cover (510) and the second accordion cover (520) are configured to extend and retract as the slider (490) slides.

8. A metal 3D printing device, characterized in that, include: The dustproof powder spreading mechanism according to any one of claims 1-7 further includes a powder spreading frame (600), the powder spreading frame (600) being located above the forming plate (300), and the two ends of the powder spreading frame (600) being fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arms (420) of the two actuating components (400).

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