Vertical thread grinding machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical thread grinding machine which comprises a machine body and a stand column vertically arranged on the back side of the machine body. Two grinding mechanisms are arranged on the lathe bed, the grinding mechanisms are slidably mounted on the lathe bed through horizontal guide rail mechanisms, and first linear driving mechanisms are arranged between the grinding mechanisms and the lathe bed; a feeding mechanism is arranged between the two grinding mechanisms and comprises a vertically-arranged Z-axis carriage, the Z-axis carriage is installed on the stand column in a sliding mode through a vertical guide rail mechanism, and a second linear driving mechanism is arranged between the Z-axis carriage and the stand column. A headstock assembly and a tailstock assembly which are used for clamping a workpiece are vertically arranged on the Z-axis carriage in a manner of facing each other; the grinding mechanism comprises a grinding driving assembly which is integrally arranged in the vertical direction, a grinding wheel is arranged at the output end of the grinding driving assembly, and the side, facing the feeding mechanism, of the grinding wheel is oppositely arranged in a protruding mode. The device has the advantages of being reasonable in structural design, convenient to feed and discharge, capable of improving the machining efficiency, beneficial to guaranteeing the machining precision and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grinding machines, in particular to a vertical thread grinding machine. Background Art

[0002] External thread grinder is a precision machine tool used to process external thread surface. It mainly grinds the workpiece through the grinding wheel to achieve high-precision thread forming. Its application fields include machinery manufacturing, automotive parts (such as lead screws, transmission shafts), aerospace, robots (such as humanoid robot joint parts) and new energy equipment (such as motor shafts). In recent years, with the increase in precision manufacturing demand, the application of external thread grinders in high-precision lead screws, roller screws and other fields has increased significantly.

[0003] External thread processing usually requires multiple steps, such as cylindrical grinding, rough grinding and fine grinding of external threads. Between each grinding process, the workpiece needs to be clamped and transferred, resulting in low processing efficiency and large floor space occupied by multiple grinding equipment. In addition, the large number of manual operation links will also increase production costs and error risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a vertical thread grinder with reasonable structural design, convenient loading and unloading, improved processing efficiency and conducive to ensuring processing accuracy.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A vertical thread grinder comprises a bed and a column vertically arranged on the back side of the bed; the bed is provided with two grinding mechanisms distributed along the length direction of the bed, the grinding mechanisms are slidably mounted on the bed through a horizontal guide mechanism arranged along the length direction of the bed, and a first linear drive mechanism is arranged between the grinding mechanisms and the bed; a feeding mechanism is arranged between the two grinding mechanisms, the feeding mechanism comprises a vertically arranged Z-axis slide, the Z-axis slide is slidably mounted on the column through a vertical guide mechanism arranged vertically, and a second linear drive mechanism is arranged between the Z-axis slide and the column; a headstock assembly and a tailstock assembly for clamping workpieces are vertically arranged opposite to each other on the Z-axis slide; the grinding mechanism comprises a grinding drive assembly arranged vertically as a whole, a grinding wheel is arranged at the output end of the grinding drive assembly, and the grinding wheel is relatively protruding toward one side of the feeding mechanism.

[0006] With the above structure, during processing, a grinding wheel for cylindrical grinding and a grinding wheel for rough thread grinding can be installed on two grinding mechanisms respectively, and cylindrical grinding and rough thread grinding can be performed simultaneously; or a grinding wheel for rough thread grinding and a grinding wheel for fine thread grinding can be installed respectively, and rough thread grinding and fine thread grinding can be performed simultaneously. During loading and unloading, the two grinding mechanisms are moved away in opposite directions along the horizontal guide rail mechanism by the first linear drive mechanism, so that loading and unloading can be more convenient. The workpiece to be ground is clamped between the headstock assembly and the tailstock assembly, and the two grinding mechanisms are moved to the grinding position along the horizontal guide rail mechanism. During grinding, the headstock assembly and the tailstock assembly drive the workpiece to rotate together, and the two grinding wheels are driven to rotate by the grinding drive assembly respectively to grind the workpiece. At the same time, the Z-axis carriage is moved along the vertical guide rail mechanism by the second linear drive mechanism. In this way, two grinding processes can be completed in one clamping by two grinding wheels, which can not only improve production efficiency, but also reduce the number of equipment and reduce the equipment footprint. Since the number of clamping times is reduced, the processing accuracy can be better guaranteed and the cumulative error caused by the clamping process can be avoided.

[0007] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism includes a grinding base, the grinding base has a rotatable pitch adjustment mechanism, and the grinding drive assembly is arranged on the pitch adjustment mechanism; the grinding wheel and the corresponding rotation axis of the pitch adjustment mechanism are located at the same height, and the rotation axis is arranged in the horizontal direction along the radial direction of the grinding wheel.

[0008] In this way, since the rotating axis is in a horizontal state and is arranged along the radial direction of the grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel and the rotating axis are at the same height, the pitch adjustment mechanism rotates around the rotating axis, which will drive the grinding drive assembly and the grinding wheel to rotate as a whole, thereby adjusting the working angle between the grinding wheel and the workpiece to adapt to different types of thread grinding.

[0009] Furthermore, the grinding base has a transversely arranged swivel hole, the pitch adjustment mechanism includes a swivel shaft rotatably arranged in the swivel hole, and the grinding base has a pitch drive mechanism for driving the swivel shaft to rotate; the swivel shaft has a vertically arranged mounting plate at one end facing the feed mechanism, and the grinding drive assembly is mounted on the mounting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotary shaft is cylindrical as a whole and is rotatably mounted in the rotary hole through a turntable bearing. A clearance hole is provided through the middle of the mounting plate, and the grinding wheel is located at the clearance hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the mounting plate has a waterproof plate coaxially arranged with the rotating axis on one side facing the grinding base, the waterproof plate has a waterproof flange extending axially, the grinding base has a waterproof groove corresponding to the waterproof plate, and the waterproof flange is embedded in the waterproof groove.

[0012] Furthermore, a locking cylinder is provided on the grinding base, and the piston rod of the locking cylinder is facing the feed mechanism; the mounting plate has a locking hole for the piston rod to pass through, and the locking hole extends into an arc shape along the circumference of the rotating shaft; a locking block is installed at one end of the piston rod passing through the locking hole, and the locking block presses the mounting plate when the piston rod is in a retracted state.

[0013] In this way, after the pitch adjustment mechanism is rotated to the angle required for grinding, the piston rod of the locking cylinder can be retracted to fix the position of the mounting plate, so that the grinding wheel can be ground more stably.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of locking cylinders are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotary hole, and the locking holes and the locking cylinders are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0015] Furthermore, an outer gear ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft; the pitch drive mechanism is a pitch drive motor installed on the grinding base, and a drive gear is installed on the output end of the pitch drive motor through a reducer, and the drive gear is meshed with the outer gear ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the tail frame assembly is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis slide, and the head frame assembly is slidably mounted on the Z-axis slide via a vertically arranged head frame guide rail mechanism; a third linear drive mechanism is arranged between the head frame assembly and the Z-axis slide; and drive motors are arranged in both the head frame assembly and the tail frame assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, the grinding drive assembly comprises a housing, a grinding wheel shaft is rotatably mounted in the housing via a bearing, a motor is disposed at the lower end of the grinding wheel shaft; and the grinding wheel is mounted on the grinding wheel shaft.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Using two grinding wheels for different grinding can reduce the number of workpiece clamping times, reduce cumulative errors, and help ensure processing accuracy. At the same time, it can also reduce the number of equipment and the floor space of the equipment, which is conducive to reducing production costs.

[0019] 2. The headstock assembly and the tailstock assembly are arranged vertically, and the vertically arranged grinding drive assembly and grinding wheel are arranged on both sides. On the one hand, it can better facilitate the operator to load and unload the workpiece; on the other hand, by vertically arranging the axes of the workpiece, the grinding drive assembly and the grinding wheel, the influence of the bending moment can be reduced, which is beneficial to ensure the processing accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grinding mechanism.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the grinding mechanism.

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of the grinding mechanism.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure breakdown of the grinding mechanism.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the feeding mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0027] When implementing: Figure 1 to Figure 6As shown, a vertical thread grinder comprises a bed 1 and a column 2 vertically arranged on the back side of the bed 1; the bed 1 has two grinding mechanisms 3 distributed along the length direction of the bed, the grinding mechanisms 3 are slidably mounted on the bed 1 through a horizontal guide mechanism 31 arranged along the length direction of the bed, and a first linear drive mechanism (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the grinding mechanisms 3 and the bed 1; a feeding mechanism 4 is arranged between the two grinding mechanisms 3, and the feeding mechanism 4 includes a vertically arranged Z-axis carriage 41, the Z The Z-axis carriage 41 is slidably mounted on the column 2 through a vertical guide mechanism 42 arranged vertically, and a second linear drive mechanism (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the Z-axis carriage 41 and the column 2; a headstock assembly 43 and a tailstock assembly 44 for clamping a workpiece are arranged vertically opposite to each other on the Z-axis carriage 41; the grinding mechanism 3 includes a grinding drive assembly 32 arranged vertically as a whole, and a grinding wheel 33 is arranged at the output end of the grinding drive assembly 32, and the grinding wheel 33 is relatively protruded toward one side of the feeding mechanism 4. Specifically, the grinding drive assembly 32 includes a housing 321, and a grinding wheel shaft 322 is rotatably mounted in the housing 321 through a bearing, and a motor is arranged at the lower end of the grinding wheel shaft 322; the grinding wheel 33 is mounted on the grinding wheel shaft 322.

[0028] The tailstock assembly 44 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the Z-axis carriage 41, and the headstock assembly 43 is slidably mounted on the upper end of the Z-axis carriage 41 through a vertically arranged headstock guide rail mechanism 431; a third linear drive mechanism 432 is arranged between the headstock assembly 43 and the Z-axis carriage 41; and a driving motor is arranged in both the headstock assembly 43 and the tailstock assembly 44. In this embodiment, the first linear drive mechanism, the second linear drive mechanism and the third linear drive mechanism 432 are all screw nut mechanisms, and a motor is connected to the screw nut mechanism.

[0029] like Figure 2 to Figure 5 As shown, the grinding mechanism 3 includes a grinding base 34, on which a pitch adjustment mechanism 35 is rotatably arranged, and the grinding drive assembly 32 is arranged on the pitch adjustment mechanism 35; the grinding wheel 33 and the corresponding rotation axis of the pitch adjustment mechanism 35 are located at the same height, and the rotation axis is arranged along the radial direction of the grinding wheel 33 in the horizontal direction. Since the rotation axis is in a horizontal state and is arranged along the radial direction of the grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel and the rotation axis are at the same height, the pitch adjustment mechanism rotates around the rotation axis, which will drive the grinding drive assembly and the grinding wheel to rotate as a whole, thereby adjusting the working angle between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, so as to adapt to different types of thread grinding.

[0030] The grinding base 34 has a swivel hole 341 disposed transversely, the pitch adjustment mechanism 35 includes a swivel shaft 351 rotatably disposed in the swivel hole 341, and the grinding base 34 has a pitch drive mechanism 352 for driving the swivel shaft 351 to rotate; the swivel shaft 351 has a vertically disposed mounting plate 353 at one end thereof facing the feed mechanism 4, and the grinding drive assembly 32 is mounted on the mounting plate 353. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft 351 is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and is rotatably mounted in the rotating hole 341 through a turntable bearing 354. The middle of the mounting plate 353 has a clearance hole that is set through, and the grinding wheel 33 is located at the clearance hole. The rotating shaft 351 is sleeved with an outer gear ring 357; the pitch drive mechanism 352 is a pitch drive motor installed on the grinding base 34, and the output end of the pitch drive motor is installed with a drive gear through a reducer, and the drive gear is meshed with the outer gear ring 357.

[0031] The mounting plate 353 has a waterproof plate 355 coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 351 on one side facing the grinding base 34, and the waterproof plate 355 has a waterproof flange extending along the axial direction. The grinding base 34 has a waterproof groove 342 corresponding to the waterproof plate 355, and the waterproof flange is embedded in the waterproof groove 342.

[0032] The grinding base 34 is provided with a locking cylinder 343, and the piston rod of the locking cylinder 343 faces the feed mechanism 4; the mounting plate 353 is provided with a locking hole 356 for the piston rod to pass through, and the locking hole 356 extends into an arc shape along the circumference of the rotary shaft 351; a locking block is installed at one end of the piston rod passing through the locking hole 356, and the locking block presses the mounting plate 353 when the piston rod is retracted. In this embodiment, four locking cylinders 343 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotary hole 341, and the locking holes 356 are arranged one-to-one with the locking cylinders 343. In this way, after the pitch adjustment mechanism is rotated to the angle required for grinding, the position of the mounting plate can be fixed by retracting the piston rod of the locking cylinder, so that the grinding wheel can be ground more stably.

[0033] In this embodiment, the column 2 is extended along the length direction of the back side of the bed 1, and the column 2 has a horizontally arranged first auxiliary guide rail mechanism on the side facing the grinding wheel assembly 3. The grinding wheel assembly 3 is slidably engaged on the first auxiliary guide rail mechanism through a slider, and the first auxiliary guide rail mechanism is close to the top position of the grinding wheel assembly 3. The upper end of the grinding wheel assembly is connected to the column through the first auxiliary guide rail mechanism, so that the grinding wheel assembly can be more stable, which is conducive to improving the rigidity of the grinding wheel assembly 3, enhancing the stability of the grinding wheel assembly 3 during the grinding process, and ensuring the grinding accuracy.

[0034] The middle of the column 2 has a mounting groove formed by an inward depression, and the bottom of the Z-axis carriage 42 is mounted on the bottom of the mounting groove through the vertical guide rail mechanism 44; the two sides of the mounting groove have a second auxiliary guide rail mechanism arranged vertically, and the two sides of the Z-axis carriage 42 are slidably engaged on the second auxiliary guide rail mechanism through sliders. By arranging the second auxiliary guide rail mechanism on both sides of the mounting groove of the column 2, the sliding accuracy of the Z-axis carriage 42 in the pitch direction can be adjusted, which is conducive to ensuring the grinding accuracy.

[0035] In this embodiment, a grinding wheel for rough grinding of threads and a grinding wheel for fine grinding of threads are respectively installed on the two grinding mechanisms, and rough grinding of threads and fine grinding of threads are respectively performed, and the grinding wheels are all CBN grinding wheels, so that the efficiency of thread grinding can be accelerated, and it is also beneficial to extend the service life of the grinding wheels for fine grinding of threads. When loading and unloading, the two grinding mechanisms are respectively moved away in opposite directions along the horizontal guide rail mechanism by the first linear drive mechanism, so that loading and unloading can be more convenient. The workpiece to be ground is clamped between the headstock assembly and the tailstock assembly, and the two grinding mechanisms are moved to the grinding position along the horizontal guide rail mechanism. During grinding, the headstock assembly and the tailstock assembly drive the workpiece to rotate together, and the two grinding wheels are respectively driven to rotate by the grinding drive assembly to grind the workpiece. At the same time, the Z-axis carriage is moved along the vertical guide rail mechanism by the second linear drive mechanism. In this way, two grinding processes can be completed in one clamping by two grinding wheels, which can not only improve production efficiency, but also reduce the number of equipment and reduce the equipment footprint. Since the number of clamping times is reduced, the processing accuracy can be better guaranteed and the cumulative error caused by the clamping process can be avoided.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical thread grinder, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bed (1) and a column (2) vertically arranged on the back side of the bed (1); the bed (1) has two grinding mechanisms (3) distributed along the length direction of the bed, the grinding mechanisms (3) are slidably mounted on the bed (1) via a horizontal guide rail mechanism (31) arranged along the length direction of the bed, a first linear drive mechanism is arranged between the grinding mechanisms (3) and the bed (1); a feeding mechanism (4) is arranged between the two grinding mechanisms (3), the feeding mechanism (4) comprises a vertically arranged Z-axis slide plate (41), the Z-axis slide plate (41) ) is slidably mounted on the column (2) through a vertical guide mechanism (42) arranged vertically, and a second linear drive mechanism is arranged between the Z-axis slide (41) and the column (2); a headstock assembly (43) and a tailstock assembly (44) for clamping a workpiece are arranged vertically opposite to each other on the Z-axis slide (41); the grinding mechanism (3) includes a grinding drive assembly (32) arranged vertically as a whole, and a grinding wheel (33) is arranged at the output end of the grinding drive assembly (32), and the grinding wheel (33) is relatively protruding toward one side of the feeding mechanism (4).

2. The vertical thread grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (3) comprises a grinding base (34), the grinding base (34) having a rotatably arranged pitch adjustment mechanism (35), and the grinding drive assembly (32) is arranged on the pitch adjustment mechanism (35); the grinding wheel (33) and the corresponding rotation axis of the pitch adjustment mechanism (35) are located at the same height, and the rotation axis is arranged along the radial direction of the grinding wheel (33) in the horizontal direction.

3. The vertical thread grinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding base (34) has a transversely arranged rotating hole (341), the pitch adjustment mechanism (35) comprises a rotating shaft (351) rotatably arranged in the rotating hole (341), and the grinding base (34) has a pitch drive mechanism (352) for driving the rotating shaft (351) to rotate; one end of the rotating shaft (351) facing the feeding mechanism (4) has a vertically arranged mounting plate (353), and the grinding drive assembly (32) is mounted on the mounting plate (353).

4. The vertical thread grinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting plate (353) has a waterproof plate (355) coaxially arranged with the rotary shaft (351) on one side thereof facing the grinding base (34); the waterproof plate (355) has a waterproof flange extending along the axial direction; the grinding base (34) has a waterproof groove (342) corresponding to the waterproof plate (355); the waterproof flange is embedded in the waterproof groove (342).

5. The vertical thread grinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: An outer gear ring (357) is sleeved on the rotary shaft (351); the pitch drive mechanism (352) is a pitch drive motor mounted on the grinding base (34); a drive gear is mounted on the output end of the pitch drive motor via a reducer, and the drive gear is meshed with the outer gear ring (357).

6. The vertical thread grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail frame assembly (44) is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis carriage (41), and the head frame assembly (43) is slidably mounted on the Z-axis carriage (41) via a vertically arranged head frame guide rail mechanism (431); a third linear drive mechanism (432) is arranged between the head frame assembly (43) and the Z-axis carriage (41); and a drive motor is arranged in both the head frame assembly (43) and the tail frame assembly (44).

7. The vertical thread grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding drive assembly (32) comprises a housing (321), a grinding wheel shaft (322) being rotatably mounted in the housing (321) via a bearing, a motor being disposed at the lower end of the grinding wheel shaft (322); and the grinding wheel (33) is mounted on the grinding wheel shaft (322).

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