New energy automobile power battery heat balance integrated monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy automobile power battery heat balance integrated monitoring system. In the invention, the data buffer module effectively isolates a signal source from a subsequent circuit through the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance, the stability and integrity of signals in the transmission process are ensured, the self-adaptive gain controller module further optimizes the quality of the signals, the gain of the amplifier is monitored in real time and automatically adjusted, and the signal quality is improved. The output signals are ensured to be in a proper dynamic range, distortion caused by too small signals is prevented, and saturation caused by too large signals is also avoided. And the data noise suppression module uses a low-pass active filter and a noise gate technology to specifically reduce noise components in the signal, so that the quality and definition of the signal are further improved. The anti-aliasing filter module effectively removes signal components higher than the Nyquist frequency before signal sampling, so that the aliasing phenomenon is prevented, and the accuracy of sampled data is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicle batteries, and in particular relates to a new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] The thermal balance monitoring system of power batteries for new energy vehicles is a key technology to ensure the safe and efficient operation of power batteries. It accurately controls the working state of the battery by real-time monitoring of battery temperature, current, voltage and other parameters, prevents the battery from overheating or overcooling, and ensures that the battery operates within the optimal temperature range. The system includes temperature sensors, data acquisition units, control strategies and actuators, and can dynamically manage the heat generation and heat dissipation of the battery during the charging and discharging process. The design of the monitoring system needs to comprehensively consider factors such as the thermal characteristics of the battery, ambient temperature, and vehicle operating conditions to optimize the thermal balance of the power battery and improve the endurance, safety performance and service life of new energy vehicles. With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, power batteries, as their core components, are receiving increasing attention for their performance and safety. Power batteries generate heat during the charging and discharging process. If the temperature is too high or too low, it will affect the performance and life of the battery and even cause safety problems. Therefore, thermal balance management of power batteries has become an important part of new energy vehicle technology.

[0003] However, the existing power battery thermal balance management system has many shortcomings. Due to the complexity of the battery working environment and the interference in the signal transmission process, it is often difficult for traditional systems to accurately and real-time obtain the battery's operating status data. Secondly, the data processing and control algorithms are relatively simple, making it difficult to achieve precise control of the battery's thermal state. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system, the system comprising: a new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module, a new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module, a thermal management data processing and control module, an actuator module, a communication module, a power management module and a human-computer interaction module;

[0006] The output end of the new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module is directly connected to the input end of the new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module through a data line, so as to transmit the collected original battery status data;

[0007] The output end of the new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module is connected to the input end of the thermal management data processing and control module through a data line to provide pre-processed battery data;

[0008] The output end of the communication module is connected to a remote monitoring center or a user terminal via a communication line;

[0009] The output end of the power management module is connected to the power input end of the new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module, the new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module, the thermal management data processing and control module, the actuator module, the communication module and the human-computer interaction module through a power line to provide a stable power supply for each module;

[0010] The input end of the human-computer interaction module is connected to the output end of the thermal management data processing and control module through a data line; the output end of the human-computer interaction module is connected to the input end of the thermal management data processing and control module through a control line for sending user operation instructions.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor and a humidity sensor. The temperature sensor adopts an NTC thermistor or a PT100 platinum resistor, which is arranged in multiple key positions of the battery pack, including the battery cell, the heat sink and the battery pack shell to monitor the temperature distribution in different areas. The current sensor adopts a Hall effect sensor, which is installed at the output end of the battery pack to measure the charge and discharge current of the battery in real time. The voltage sensor evaluates the charge state of the battery through a voltage divider circuit or directly measures the terminal voltage of the battery cell. The humidity sensor is used to monitor the ambient humidity inside the battery pack to prevent the risk of short circuit caused by excessive humidity. These sensors convert the collected analog signals into digital signals and transmit them to the new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module for processing through the data bus. The design of the new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module requires high precision, high response speed and good anti-interference ability to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of subsequent data processing and control.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the thermal management data processing and control module uses a PID algorithm to control the power output of the radiator or heater to maintain the battery temperature within a set range. The specific calculation content includes:

[0013] Calculation of the difference between the set value and the actual value:

[0014] Set point SP: ideal operating temperature of the battery.

[0015] Actual value PV: The battery temperature monitored in real time.

[0016] Difference e: e=SP-PV.

[0017] PID calculations:

[0018] Proportional term P: proportional to the current difference, P = Kp*e.

[0019] Integral term I: Proportional to the cumulative effect of historical differences, I = Ki*∫edt.

[0020] Differential term D: proportional to the rate of change of the difference, D = Kd*de / dt.

[0021] Command generation

[0022] Control variable CV: CV = P + I + D. The power output of the radiator or heater is adjusted according to CV.

[0023] but:

[0024] CV=Kp*e+Ki*∫edt+Kd*de / dt

[0025] Kp represents the proportional coefficient, which determines the intensity of the response to the current difference.

[0026] Ki represents the integral coefficient, which determines the intensity of the response to the cumulative effect of historical differences.

[0027] Kd represents the differential coefficient, which determines the intensity of the response to the rate of change of the difference.

[0028] e represents the difference, that is, the difference between the set value and the actual value.

[0029] ∫e dt represents the integral of the difference, which indicates the cumulative effect of historical differences.

[0030] de / dt represents the differential of the difference and indicates the rate of change of the difference.

[0031] CV represents the control variable, which is the command value output to the actuator to adjust the power of the radiator or heater.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the data buffer module ensures that the current and voltage signals maintain their original characteristics during transmission and are not attenuated or distorted. By using the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance, the direct connection between the current and voltage signal source and the subsequent circuit is effectively isolated to prevent the signal source from being affected by load changes. At the same time, the driver part is responsible for enhancing the driving ability of the signal and providing sufficient current and voltage so that the signal can overcome the impedance of the transmission line and be transmitted over long distances to the subsequent processing unit. In this process, the driver will also match according to the characteristics of the line to ensure the stability and integrity of the signal during transmission.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the adaptive gain controller module monitors the amplitude of the input signal in real time and automatically adjusts the gain of the amplifier to keep the output signal within a certain dynamic range to avoid signal distortion or saturation;

[0034] The calculation method of the adaptive gain controller is:

[0035] Set a target output signal amplitude A_target, measure the current input signal amplitude A_input, and calculate the gain adjustment coefficient K. The calculation formula is: K = A_target / A_input;

[0036] Then adjust the gain G of the variable gain amplifier according to K, and the calculation formula is:

[0037] G_adjusted = K*G_initial; where G_initial is the initial gain of the amplifier. This process may require the use of a microprocessor or a digital signal processor to implement an adaptive algorithm.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the data noise suppression module reduces or eliminates the noise components in the signal through a second-order low-pass active filter and a noise gate. The active filter designs appropriate filter parameters according to the frequency characteristics of the signal and noise, allowing only signals in a specific frequency range to pass through while suppressing noise of other frequencies. The noise gate controls the on and off of the noise by setting a threshold. When the signal is lower than the threshold, the noise gate is closed, thereby preventing the noise from passing through; when the signal is higher than the threshold, the noise gate is opened, allowing the signal to pass through. In this way, the noise suppression circuit module effectively improves the quality and clarity of the signal;

[0039] The transfer function calculation formula of the second-order low-pass active filter is:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, ωn=2πf_n is the natural frequency, f_n is the cutoff frequency of the filter, and ζ is the damping ratio. When designing, it is necessary to select appropriate ωn and ζ to meet the filtering requirements.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the weak signal amplification module includes:

[0043] Input stage: The weak signal first passes through a low-noise operational amplifier input stage. This stage is designed with high input impedance to avoid drawing too much current from the signal source.

[0044] Gain stage: After the input stage, the signal is passed to the gain stage where the required gain is set using an external resistor network. The gain stage is designed to ensure that the gain is flat over the required frequency range and avoid fluctuations in the frequency response.

[0045] Output stage: The amplified signal passes through the output stage. This cascade is designed with low output impedance to ensure that the signal can drive the subsequent circuit or load.

[0046] Power supply decoupling: Decoupling capacitors are added to the entire amplifier circuit to reduce the impact of power supply noise on amplifier performance.

[0047] Filter: Sometimes filters are integrated into the amplifier to further suppress noise and interference and ensure signal purity;

[0048] The calculation formula of the linear amplification process is:

[0049] Vout = A·Vin;

[0050] Vout is the output voltage of the amplifier; Vin is the input voltage of the amplifier. A is the gain of the amplifier, defined as the ratio of the output voltage to the input voltage;

[0051] The amplifier gain A is set by external resistors. The formula for the non-inverting amplifier configuration is: A = 1 + R f / R i ; Among them: R f is the resistance of the feedback resistor; R i is the resistance of the input resistor.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the anti-aliasing filter module uses a fourth-order Butterworth low-pass filter to filter out signal components higher than the Nyquist frequency before sampling to prevent aliasing. The transfer function calculation formula is:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, the selection of ωn and ζ needs to be determined according to the sampling rate fs, and ωn is set to πfs / 2 to ensure that the filter has sufficient attenuation at the Nyquist frequency.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the actuator module includes a radiator, a heater, a fan and a pump device. The radiator may adopt air cooling or liquid cooling to improve the heat dissipation efficiency by increasing the heat dissipation area and optimizing the heat dissipation path. The heater adopts an electric heating film or a heating rod to provide the necessary heating for the battery in a low temperature environment. The fan is used to force air flow to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the radiator. The pump is used in the liquid cooling system to drive the coolant circulation to achieve efficient heat exchange;

[0056] The communication module uses a variety of communication protocols and interfaces, including CAN, LIN, Ethernet and Wi-Fi. The CAN bus is used to achieve fast and reliable communication between the battery management system and other control systems of the vehicle. The LIN bus is used to connect low-speed devices, including sensors and actuators. Ethernet and Wi-Fi are used to achieve remote monitoring and data analysis, transmitting battery status information to the cloud server, and receiving remote instructions and parameter settings from the server. The communication module also has fault diagnosis and alarm functions, which can monitor the status of the communication line in real time and send an alarm signal when a fault occurs. The design of the communication module requires high bandwidth, low latency and good compatibility to ensure the real-time, accuracy and security of data transmission.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the power management module includes a power conversion circuit, a voltage regulator, a power monitoring circuit and a backup power supply. The power conversion circuit converts the higher voltage provided by the vehicle into the low voltage required by the system for use by sensors, microcontrollers and communication modules. The voltage regulator ensures the stability of the output voltage and is not affected by input voltage fluctuations and load changes. The power monitoring circuit monitors the power supply voltage and current in real time to prevent overvoltage, undervoltage and overcurrent faults. The backup power supply uses a supercapacitor or a small battery to provide short-term power backup when the main power fails, ensuring the safe shutdown of the system and avoiding data loss and equipment damage.

[0058] The human-computer interaction module includes a display screen, a button, a touch screen and a sound alarm device. The display screen uses an LCD or LED display screen to display battery temperature, current, voltage, SOC real-time data, as well as system status and fault information. The button and touch screen allow the user to set parameters, select modes and perform manual control operations. The sound alarm device sounds an alarm when an abnormal situation is detected to alert the user.

[0059] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0060] 1. In the present invention, the data buffer module effectively isolates the signal source from the subsequent circuit through its high input impedance and low output impedance characteristics, ensures the stability and integrity of the signal during transmission, and avoids signal attenuation or distortion caused by load changes. The adaptive gain controller module further optimizes the quality of the signal, and ensures that the output signal is within a suitable dynamic range by real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the amplifier gain, which not only prevents distortion caused by too small a signal, but also avoids saturation caused by too large a signal. In addition, the data noise suppression module uses low-pass active filters and noise gate technology to specifically reduce the noise components in the signal, further improving the quality and clarity of the signal. The weak signal amplification module specifically amplifies weak signals, ensures the clarity and recognizability of these signals, and enables the system to capture more subtle changes in battery status. Finally, the anti-aliasing filter module effectively removes signal components above the Nyquist frequency before signal sampling, prevents the occurrence of aliasing, and ensures the accuracy of the sampled data.

[0061] 2. In the present invention, an algorithm is used to accurately control the battery temperature. By calculating the difference between the set value and the actual value, and the synergistic effect of the three terms of proportion, integration and differentiation, the system generates precise control instructions to drive the actuator module to adjust the radiator, heater and thermal management system and other actuators. This control method not only responds quickly, but also can effectively suppress overshoot and oscillation, so that the battery temperature reaches the set value quickly and stably. Accurate thermal balance control helps to extend battery life, improve battery performance, and ensure that the vehicle can maintain the best condition under various operating conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 is the overall system block diagram of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of the new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module in the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 This is a logic block diagram of temperature control in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0066] Reference Figure 1-3 ,

[0067] A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system, the system includes: a new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module, a new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module, a thermal management data processing and control module, an actuator module, a communication module, a power management module and a human-computer interaction module;

[0068] The new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module is internally provided with a data buffer module, an adaptive gain controller module, a data noise suppression module, a weak signal amplification module and an anti-aliasing filter module;

[0069] The new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module first collects key operating data of the battery pack in real time through temperature, current, voltage and humidity sensors;

[0070] The new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module processes the signal to ensure the accuracy and availability of the data.

[0071] The microcontroller unit of the thermal management data processing and control module uses the thermal balance control algorithm to analyze and calculate the data and generate corresponding control instructions. These instructions are sent to the actuator module to drive the radiator, heater and thermal management system and other actuators to adjust the battery temperature and achieve thermal balance.

[0072] The communication module is responsible for transmitting battery status information to other on-board systems and remote servers, realizing data sharing and remote monitoring, and receiving external commands and parameter settings.

[0073] The human-computer interaction module provides an interactive interface between the user and the system, displays real-time data and allows manual operation.

[0074] The power management module converts the vehicle power to the voltage required by the system and provides short-term power backup when the main power fails to ensure the system is safely shut down.

[0075] The specific implementation steps include:

[0076] System initialization: After power-on, the central processing unit performs a self-check to ensure that all modules are working properly. It reads the preset initial settings such as battery parameters, temperature thresholds, and control strategies.

[0077] Temperature data collection: The temperature sensor network is started to collect the temperature data of each battery cell in real time.

[0078] The sensor converts the temperature signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the data acquisition and transmission module through the data line.

[0079] Data transmission and processing: The data acquisition and transmission module performs preliminary processing on the temperature data, such as filtering and amplification. The processed data is transmitted to the central processing unit in real time through the communication protocol. After receiving the data, the central processing unit performs further processing and analysis, such as data smoothing and trend prediction.

[0080] Thermal state calculation and evaluation: The central processing unit runs the thermal balance control algorithm and calculates the thermal state of the battery based on the collected temperature data. It evaluates whether the battery is within the normal operating temperature range and determines whether the cooling system needs to be activated.

[0081] Control instruction generation: Based on the thermal state calculation results, the central processing unit generates corresponding control instructions. Control instructions include fan speed adjustment, coolant circulation speed control, etc.

[0082] Cooling system adjustment: The cooling system receives control instructions and adjusts the fan speed and coolant circulation speed. The heat generated by the battery is effectively dissipated to the environment through the radiator and coolant circulation system.

[0083] Real-time monitoring and feedback: The system continuously monitors the battery temperature and the working status of the cooling system. The real-time data is fed back to the central processing unit to form a closed-loop control.

[0084] Alarm and protection: Once abnormal battery temperature or cooling system failure is detected, the alarm mechanism will be activated immediately. Emergency protection measures will be taken, such as reducing charging current, cutting off power supply, etc., to prevent safety accidents.

[0085] Data recording and storage: The system records and stores real-time monitoring data, control instructions and alarm information in the central processing unit or external storage device, which facilitates subsequent data analysis and system optimization.

[0086] Through the above specific implementation steps, this application successfully realizes the integrated monitoring of thermal balance of automotive power batteries and achieves remarkable application effects:

[0087] This application monitors the temperature of each battery cell in real time to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of temperature data.

[0088] This application effectively controls the battery temperature, avoids overheating or overcooling, prolongs the battery life and maintains stable performance.

[0089] This application promptly detects temperature anomalies and cooling system failures, and takes effective measures to prevent safety accidents.

[0090] This application optimizes battery performance through thermal balance control to improve the driving range and driving stability of electric vehicles.

[0091] The new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module includes temperature sensors, current sensors, voltage sensors and humidity sensors. The temperature sensor uses NTC thermistors or PT100 platinum resistors and is arranged in multiple key locations of the battery pack, such as battery cells, heat sinks and battery pack shells, to monitor the temperature distribution in different areas. The current sensor uses a Hall effect sensor, which is installed at the output end of the battery pack to measure the battery's charge and discharge current in real time. The voltage sensor uses a voltage divider circuit or directly measures the terminal voltage of the battery cell to evaluate the battery's state of charge (SOC). The humidity sensor is used to monitor the ambient humidity inside the battery pack to prevent the risk of short circuits caused by excessive humidity. These sensors convert the collected analog signals into digital signals and transmit them to the new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module through the data bus for processing. The design of the new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module requires high precision, high response speed and good anti-interference ability to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of subsequent data processing and control.

[0092] The thermal management data processing and control module uses a PID algorithm to control the power output of the radiator or heater to maintain the battery temperature within a set range, such as Figure 3 As shown, the specific calculation contents include:

[0093] Calculation of the difference between the set value and the actual value:

[0094] Set point SP: ideal operating temperature of the battery.

[0095] Actual value PV: The battery temperature monitored in real time.

[0096] Difference e: e=SP-PV.

[0097] PID calculations

[0098] Proportional term P: proportional to the current difference, P = Kp*e.

[0099] Integral term I: Proportional to the cumulative effect of historical differences, I = Ki*∫edt.

[0100] Differential term D: proportional to the rate of change of the difference, D = Kd*de / dt.

[0101] Control command generation

[0102] Control variable CV: CV = P + I + D. The power output of the radiator or heater is adjusted according to CV.

[0103] but:

[0104] CV=Kp*e+Ki*∫edt+Kd*de / dt

[0105] Kp represents the proportional coefficient, which determines the intensity of the response to the current difference.

[0106] Ki represents the integral coefficient, which determines the intensity of the response to the cumulative effect of historical differences.

[0107] Kd represents the differential coefficient, which determines the intensity of the response to the rate of change of the difference.

[0108] e represents the difference, that is, the difference between the set value and the actual value.

[0109] ∫e dt represents the integral of the difference, which indicates the cumulative effect of historical differences.

[0110] de / dt represents the differential of the difference and indicates the rate of change of the difference.

[0111] CV represents the control variable, which is the command value output to the actuator to adjust the power of the radiator or heater.

[0112] Specifically include:

[0113] Input link module:

[0114] Upper input: set value SP (battery target temperature range)

[0115] Lower layer feedback: actual value PV (real-time monitoring value of temperature sensor)

[0116] Core computing module:

[0117] Difference calculation: e = SP-PV (temperature deviation generation)

[0118] PID three-channel parallel calculation:

[0119] Proportional channel: directly amplify the current deviation (P = Kp × e)

[0120] Integral channel: accumulated historical deviation (I = Ki × ∫e dt, eliminating steady-state error)

[0121] Differential channel: predict deviation trend (D = Kd × de / dt, suppress overshoot)

[0122] Output control module:

[0123] The summator synthesizes CV=P+I+D

[0124] The actuator converts CV into power command (PWM duty cycle / current signal)

[0125] Adjust heat exchange power through radiator (cooling) or heater (heating)

[0126] Closed-loop feedback module:

[0127] Battery temperature changes are continuously monitored by sensors; PV real-time feedback forms a closed-loop control and dynamically corrects the output.

[0128] The data buffer module ensures that the current and voltage signals maintain their original characteristics during transmission without being attenuated or distorted. By using the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance, the direct connection between the current and voltage signal source and the subsequent circuit is effectively isolated to prevent the signal source from being affected by load changes. At the same time, the driver part is responsible for enhancing the driving ability of the signal and providing sufficient current and voltage so that the signal can overcome the impedance of the transmission line and be transmitted over long distances to the subsequent processing unit. In this process, the driver will also match according to the characteristics of the line to ensure the stability and integrity of the signal during transmission.

[0129] The adaptive gain controller module monitors the amplitude of the input signal in real time and automatically adjusts the gain of the amplifier to keep the output signal within a certain dynamic range to avoid signal distortion or saturation;

[0130] The calculation method of the adaptive gain controller is:

[0131] Set a target output signal amplitude A_target, measure the current input signal amplitude A_input, and calculate the gain adjustment coefficient K. The calculation formula is: K = A_target / A_input;

[0132] Then adjust the gain G of the variable gain amplifier according to K, and the calculation formula is:

[0133] G_adjusted = K*G_initial; where G_initial is the initial gain of the amplifier. This process may require the use of a microprocessor or a digital signal processor to implement an adaptive algorithm.

[0134] The data noise suppression module reduces or eliminates the noise components in the signal through a second-order low-pass active filter and a noise gate. The active filter designs appropriate filter parameters based on the frequency characteristics of the signal and noise, allowing only signals in a specific frequency range to pass through while suppressing noise of other frequencies. The noise gate controls the on-off of noise by setting a threshold. When the signal is lower than the threshold, the noise gate closes, thereby preventing the noise from passing through; when the signal is higher than the threshold, the noise gate opens, allowing the signal to pass through. In this way, the noise suppression circuit module effectively improves the quality and clarity of the signal;

[0135] The transfer function calculation formula of the second-order low-pass active filter is:

[0136]

[0137] Among them, ωn=2πf_n is the natural frequency, f_n is the cutoff frequency of the filter, and ζ is the damping ratio. When designing, it is necessary to select appropriate ωn and ζ to meet the filtering requirements.

[0138] The weak signal amplification module includes:

[0139] Input stage: The weak signal first passes through a low-noise operational amplifier input stage. This stage is designed with high input impedance to avoid drawing too much current from the signal source.

[0140] Gain stage: After the input stage, the signal is passed to the gain stage, where it passes through an external resistor network (R f and R f ) to set the desired gain. The gain stage is designed to ensure that the gain is flat over the required frequency range and to avoid fluctuations in the frequency response.

[0141] Output stage: The amplified signal passes through the output stage. This cascade is designed with low output impedance to ensure that the signal can drive the subsequent circuit or load.

[0142] Power supply decoupling: Decoupling capacitors are added to the entire amplifier circuit to reduce the impact of power supply noise on amplifier performance.

[0143] Filter: Sometimes filters are integrated into the amplifier to further suppress noise and interference and ensure signal purity;

[0144] The calculation formula of the linear amplification process is:

[0145] Vout = A·Vin;

[0146] Vout is the output voltage of the amplifier; Vin is the input voltage of the amplifier. A is the gain of the amplifier, defined as the ratio of the output voltage to the input voltage;

[0147] The amplifier gain A is set by external resistors. The formula for the non-inverting amplifier configuration is: A = 1 + R f / R i ; Among them: R f is the resistance of the feedback resistor; R i is the resistance of the input resistor.

[0148] The anti-aliasing filter module uses a fourth-order Butterworth low-pass filter to filter out signal components above the Nyquist frequency before sampling to prevent aliasing. The transfer function calculation formula is:

[0149]

[0150] Among them, the selection of ωn and ζ needs to be determined according to the sampling rate fs, and ωn is set to πfs / 2 to ensure that the filter has sufficient attenuation at the Nyquist frequency.

[0151] The actuator module includes devices such as radiators, heaters, fans and pumps. The radiator may use air cooling or liquid cooling to improve the heat dissipation efficiency by increasing the heat dissipation area and optimizing the heat dissipation path. The heater can use electric heating film or heating rod to provide the necessary heating for the battery in a low temperature environment. The fan is used to force air flow to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the radiator. The pump is used in the liquid cooling system to drive the coolant circulation to achieve efficient heat exchange. The actuator module receives control instructions from the thermal management data processing and control module, such as adjusting the power output of the radiator or heater, changing the fan speed or the flow rate of the pump, etc. These actuators are controlled by PWM (pulse width modulation) signals or analog signals to achieve precise temperature regulation. The design of the actuator module requires high efficiency, reliability and fast response to ensure that the battery temperature can reach the set value quickly and stably;

[0152] The communication module uses a variety of communication protocols and interfaces, including CAN (Controller Area Network), LIN (Local Interconnect Network), Ethernet and Wi-Fi. The CAN bus is used to achieve fast and reliable communication between the battery management system (BMS) and other vehicle control systems (such as engine control unit, on-board charger, etc.). The LIN bus is used to connect some low-speed devices, such as sensors and actuators. Ethernet and Wi-Fi are used to achieve remote monitoring and data analysis, transmitting battery status information to the cloud server, and receiving remote commands and parameter settings from the server. The communication module also has fault diagnosis and alarm functions, which can monitor the status of the communication line in real time and send an alarm signal when a fault occurs. The design of the communication module requires high bandwidth, low latency and good compatibility to ensure the real-time, accuracy and security of data transmission.

[0153] The power management module includes power conversion circuit, voltage regulator, power monitoring circuit and backup power supply. The power conversion circuit converts the higher voltage (such as 12V or 24V) provided by the vehicle into the low voltage (such as 5V or 3.3V) required by the system for use by sensors, microcontrollers and communication modules. The voltage regulator ensures the stability of the output voltage and is not affected by input voltage fluctuations and load changes. The power monitoring circuit monitors the power supply voltage and current in real time to prevent faults such as overvoltage, undervoltage and overcurrent. The backup power supply uses supercapacitors or small batteries to provide short-term power backup when the main power fails, ensuring the safe shutdown of the system and avoiding data loss and equipment damage. The design of the power management module requires high efficiency, stability and good electromagnetic compatibility to ensure that the system can work properly under various working conditions.

[0154] The human-computer interaction module includes a display screen, buttons, a touch screen, and a sound alarm device. The display screen can be an LCD or LED display screen, which displays real-time data such as battery temperature, current, voltage, SOC, as well as system status and fault information. The buttons and touch screen allow users to perform operations such as parameter setting, mode selection, and manual control. The sound alarm device sounds an alarm when an abnormal situation is detected to alert the user. The human-computer interaction module also supports multi-language interface and graphical display to improve the user experience. In addition, the module can also be connected to mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets to achieve remote monitoring and operation. The design of the human-computer interaction module requires intuitiveness, ease of use, and good interactivity to ensure that users can easily obtain information and control the system.

[0155] It can be known from the above that in the present invention, the data buffer module effectively isolates the signal source from the subsequent circuit through its high input impedance and low output impedance characteristics, ensures the stability and integrity of the signal during transmission, and avoids signal attenuation or distortion caused by load changes. The adaptive gain controller module further optimizes the quality of the signal, and ensures that the output signal is within a suitable dynamic range by real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the amplifier gain, which not only prevents distortion caused by too small signals, but also avoids saturation caused by too large signals. In addition, the data noise suppression module uses low-pass active filters and noise gate technology to specifically reduce the noise components in the signal, further improving the quality and clarity of the signal. The weak signal amplification module specifically amplifies weak signals, ensures the clarity and identifiability of these signals, and enables the system to capture more subtle changes in battery status. Finally, the anti-aliasing filter module effectively removes signal components higher than the Nyquist frequency before signal sampling, prevents the occurrence of aliasing, and ensures the accuracy of the sampled data.

[0156] In the present invention, an algorithm is used to accurately control the battery temperature. By calculating the difference between the set value and the actual value, and the synergistic effect of the three terms of proportion, integration and differentiation, the system generates precise control instructions to drive the actuator module to adjust the radiator, heater and thermal management system and other actuators. This control method not only responds quickly, but also can effectively suppress overshoot and oscillation, so that the battery temperature reaches the set value quickly and stably. Accurate thermal balance control helps to extend battery life, improve battery performance, and ensure that the vehicle can maintain the best condition under various operating conditions.

[0157] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprise" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0158] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system, characterized in that: The system includes: a new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module, a new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module, a thermal management data processing and control module, an actuator module, a communication module, a power management module and a human-computer interaction module; The output end of the new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module is directly connected to the input end of the new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module through a data line, so as to transmit the collected original battery status data; The output end of the new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module is connected to the input end of the thermal management data processing and control module through a data line to provide pre-processed battery data; The output end of the communication module is connected to a remote monitoring center or a user terminal via a communication line; The output end of the power management module is connected to the power input end of the new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module, the new energy vehicle thermal management data conditioning module, the thermal management data processing and control module, the actuator module, the communication module and the human-computer interaction module through a power line; The input end of the human-machine interaction module is connected to the output end of the thermal management data processing and control module through a data line; the output end of the human-machine interaction module is connected to the input end of the thermal management data processing and control module through a control line.

2. A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The new energy vehicle thermal management data acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor and a humidity sensor; the temperature sensor is an NTC thermistor or a PT100 platinum resistor, which is arranged in the battery cell, the heat sink and the battery pack shell of the battery pack; The current sensor is a Hall effect sensor installed at the output end of the battery pack; The voltage sensor is installed at the connection point of the voltage dividing circuit or the battery unit.

3. A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the thermal management data processing and control module is provided with two ports: A port of the thermal management data processing and control module is connected to a control input terminal of the actuator module via a control line; Another port of the thermal management data processing and control module is connected to the input end of the communication module through a data line.

4. A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The data buffer module is internally provided with high input impedance and low output impedance.

5. A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive gain controller module is internally provided with a microprocessor or a digital signal processor for implementing an adaptive algorithm.

6. A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The data noise suppression module is internally provided with an active filter and a noise gate; The active filter is a second-order low-pass active filter, and the transfer function calculation formula of the second-order low-pass active filter is: Among them, ωn=2πf_n is the natural frequency, f_n is the cutoff frequency of the filter, and ζ is the damping ratio; when designing, it is necessary to select appropriate ωn and ζ to meet the filtering requirements.

7. A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The weak signal amplification module comprises: an input stage, a gain stage, an output stage, a power supply decoupling module and a filter; The input stage is a low-noise operational amplifier; The gain stage is a module that sets the required gain through an external resistor network; The output stage has low output impedance; The power decoupling module is a decoupling capacitor; The filter is a filter that further suppresses noise and interference; The calculation formula of the linear amplification process of the weak signal amplification module is: Vout = A·Vin; Vout is the output voltage of the amplifier; Vin is the input voltage of the amplifier; A is the gain of the amplifier, defined as the ratio of the output voltage to the input voltage; The amplifier gain A is set by external resistors. The formula for the non-inverting amplifier configuration is: A = 1 + R f / R i ; Among them: R f is the resistance of the feedback resistor; R i is the resistance of the input resistor.

8. A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer function calculation formula of the anti-aliasing filter module is: Among them, the selection of ωn and ζ needs to be determined according to the sampling rate fs, and ωn is set to πfs / 2.

9. A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The actuator module includes a radiator, a heater, a fan and a pump device; the radiator is an air-cooled or liquid-cooled radiator; the heater is an electric heating film or a heating rod; The communication modules include CAN, LIN, Ethernet and Wi-Fi; the CAN bus realizes the communication between the battery management system and other control systems of the vehicle; the LIN bus connects low-speed devices; Ethernet and Wi-F transmit battery status information to the cloud server, and receive remote commands and parameter settings from the server at the same time.

10. A new energy vehicle power battery thermal balance integrated monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module includes a power conversion circuit, a voltage regulator, a power monitoring circuit and a backup power supply; the power conversion circuit converts the higher voltage provided by the vehicle into the low voltage required by the system; the voltage regulator ensures the stability of the output voltage; The power supply monitoring circuit monitors the power supply voltage and current in real time; The human-computer interaction module includes a display screen, buttons, a touch screen and a sound alarm device.

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