A centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-level variable spraying and unmanned aerial vehicle equipment thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of centrifugal atomizing nozzle of three-stage variable spraying and unmanned aerial vehicle equipment thereof, belong to the technical field of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle.Mainly include brushless motor, transmission assembly, atomizing assembly and variable implementation assembly.Brushless motor passes through transmission assembly and is transferred to atomizing assembly power, atomizing assembly is composed of infusion shaft, upper and lower layer atomizing disc and atomizing disc cover, and upper and lower layer atomizing disc is respectively provided with rectangular atomizing tooth, and realizes liquid atomization spraying by high-speed rotation.Variable implementation assembly includes stepper motor, cylindrical cam and sliding sleeve, rotates cylindrical cam by stepper motor control, adjusts sliding sleeve motion trajectory, realizes the three-stage variable spraying function of upper layer atomizing disc independent liquid feeding, lower layer atomizing disc independent liquid feeding and both simultaneous liquid feeding.The nozzle can accurately adjust the amount of pesticide, improve the utilization rate of pesticide, reduce environmental pollution, and be suitable for agricultural plant protection operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural drone technology, specifically relating to a centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying and its drone equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural drones are increasingly being used in agricultural pesticide application due to their high efficiency, strong environmental adaptability, and good pesticide deposition within the crop canopy. Commonly used nozzles in agricultural pesticide application devices are mainly divided into pressure nozzles and centrifugal nozzles. Pressure spraying systems have characteristics such as a wide atomization particle size spectrum, weak powder adaptability, and a correlation between particle size and flow rate. When the system pressure changes, the pressure at the pressure nozzle also changes, leading to changes in droplet size. This results in a small system pressure variation range and poor control accuracy at low pressures. Centrifugal spraying systems, on the other hand, feature decoupling of particle size adjustment from flow rate, large flow rates, and stronger powder adaptability, making them more advantageous in fruit trees, high-dose powder applications, and high-flow-rate scenarios. Centrifugal nozzles are ultra-low volume atomizing nozzles that use a motor to drive a high-speed rotating atomizing disc to generate centrifugal force to atomize the pesticide solution. Combining agricultural drones with centrifugal atomizing nozzles represents a major development direction for modern high-efficiency agricultural machinery and reduced-volume pesticide application technologies.

[0003] Currently, centrifugal atomizing nozzles mainly employ large-capacity and constant-flow atomizing nozzles, which not only consume large amounts of pesticide but also easily lose pesticide from the target, resulting in pesticide waste and environmental pollution. With technological advancements, existing centrifugal atomizing nozzles have many inconveniences in use; therefore, the demand for new atomizing nozzles for agricultural plant protection drones is increasing. Adjusting the nozzle's rotation speed and flow rate to change droplet size and droplet deposition distribution, and achieving variable-rate spraying by modifying the nozzle structure, has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a three-stage variable spray centrifugal atomizing nozzle and its drone equipment to solve the technical problems of existing centrifugal atomizing nozzles, such as large pesticide usage, pesticide waste and environmental pollution, and inconvenience in use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying includes a transmission assembly with a brushless motor mounted on it. The lower end of the transmission assembly is connected to an atomizing assembly. The atomizing assembly includes an atomizing disc cover, an upper atomizing disc at the lower end of the cover, forming a first spraying space between the cover and the upper atomizing disc, and a lower atomizing disc at the lower end of the upper atomizing disc, forming a second spraying space between them. A delivery shaft passes through the transmission assembly and connects sequentially to the first and second spraying spaces. The inlet pipe of the delivery shaft is connected to a liquid supply device. The brushless motor controls the rotation of the atomizing assembly through the transmission assembly mechanism.

[0007] The transmission assembly includes a motor support base, on which the brushless motor is fixed.

[0008] The transmission assembly also includes a large transmission gear and a small transmission gear. A connecting rod is provided on the upper end of the small transmission gear. The output shaft of the brushless motor is connected to the small transmission gear through the connecting rod. The large transmission gear and the small transmission gear mesh.

[0009] A transmission bearing is provided at the upper end of the transmission gear, a first upper sealing cover is provided at the upper end of the transmission bearing, and a first lower sealing cover is provided at the lower end of the transmission bearing. The infusion shaft passes through the interior of the transmission bearing and communicates with the atomizing component.

[0010] The upper end of the transmission bearing is provided with a first upper O-ring seal, and the lower end of the transmission bearing is provided with a first lower O-ring seal. The upper end of the transmission bearing is fixedly sealed to the first upper sealing cover through the first upper O-ring seal; the lower end of the transmission bearing is fixedly sealed to the lower sealing cover through the first lower O-ring seal.

[0011] An upper atomizing disc bearing is provided between the atomizing disc cover and the upper atomizing disc. The upper end of the upper atomizing disc bearing is provided with a second upper sealing cover through a second upper O-ring, and the lower end of the upper atomizing disc bearing is provided with a second lower sealing cover through a second lower O-ring.

[0012] The upper atomizing disc and the lower atomizing disc are equipped with a lower atomizing disc bearing. The upper end of the lower atomizing disc bearing is equipped with a third upper sealing cover through a third upper O-ring, and the lower end of the lower atomizing disc bearing is equipped with a third lower sealing cover through a third lower O-ring.

[0013] Both the upper and lower atomizing discs have a bowl-shaped structure. Several rectangular atomizing teeth are evenly arranged inside the bowls of the upper and lower atomizing discs. The rectangular atomizing teeth are distributed in a ring array with the center of the upper and lower atomizing discs as the center.

[0014] The upper end of the transmission assembly is also provided with a variable implementation component, which includes a stepper motor. The stepper motor is mounted on a stepper motor support, which is located above the transmission assembly. The lower end of the motor support is provided with a cylindrical cam, which is coaxially arranged with the infusion shaft. The cylindrical cam has three layers of trajectory curves.

[0015] A drone device with a centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying, wherein the infusion shaft is connected to the infusion supply device of the drone device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The centrifugal atomizing nozzle provided by this invention transmits the power of a brushless motor to an atomizing disc via a transmission assembly, causing the disc to rotate at high speed. The pesticide solution enters the atomizing disc through a delivery shaft spirally connected to the agricultural drone. Atomization is achieved through the high-speed rotation of the disc and the radial grooves machined on its inner wall. The atomized pesticide particles are then sprayed out from the spray nozzle under centrifugal force, completing the spraying operation. The nozzle uses a stepper motor to drive a cylindrical cam to rotate, controlling the movement trajectory of the sliding sleeve and thus controlling the liquid intake of the upper and lower atomizing discs. When different atomizing discs are activated, the coverage area varies. The two atomizing discs can work together to achieve precise variable-rate spraying of different pesticide dosages, depending on the needs of the work area. The high-speed rotating centrifugal nozzle can obtain droplets of different sizes by changing the rotation speed, greatly improving the atomization effect of the pesticide solution. This is beneficial for improving the effectiveness of agricultural drones in controlling crop pests and diseases. Furthermore, by adjusting the nozzle structure, variable-rate spraying can be achieved, allowing the pesticide solution to precisely target the target, improving pesticide utilization and reducing environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structure of a centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 : Exploded view of the components of the centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 : A cross-sectional view of the drive bearing of the centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 : A schematic diagram of the infusion shaft of the centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 : A schematic diagram of the atomizing disc of the centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 : A top view of the atomizing disc of the centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 : A schematic diagram of the cylindrical cam structure of the centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the sliding sleeve and infusion shaft of the centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Labeling Explanation: 1. Brushless Motor; 2. Transmission Components; 201. Motor Support; 202. Connecting Rod; 203. Transmission Pinion; 204. Transmission Gear; 205. Transmission Bearing; 206. First Upper Sealing Cover; 207. First Lower Sealing Cover; 208. First Upper O-ring; 209. First Lower O-ring; 3. Atomizing Components; 301. Infusion Shaft; 302. Upper Atomizing Disc Bearing; 303. Upper Atomizing Disc; 304. Lower Atomizing Disc Shaft 305. Lower atomizing disc; 306. Atomizing disc cover; 307. Second upper sealing cover; 308. Second lower sealing cover; 309. Second upper O-ring; 310. Second lower O-ring; 311. Third upper sealing cover; 312. Third lower sealing cover; 313. Third upper O-ring; 314. Third lower O-ring; 4. Variable implementation component; 401. Stepper motor; 402. Stepper motor support; 403. Cylindrical cam; 404. Sliding sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To further understand the content of this invention, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment provides a three-stage variable-rate centrifugal atomizing nozzle, such as... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the three-stage variable spray centrifugal atomizing nozzle mainly includes a brushless motor 1, a transmission assembly 2, and an atomizing assembly 3; the brushless motor 1 transmits power to the atomizing assembly 3 through the transmission assembly 2. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the transmission assembly 2 includes a motor support base 201, on which the output shaft of the brushless motor 1 is mounted; the transmission assembly 2 also includes a transmission pinion 203, with a connecting rod 202 located at the upper middle part of the transmission pinion 203; the lower output shaft of the brushless motor 1 passes through the motor support base 201 and is hinged to the connecting rod 202 on the transmission pinion 203; a transmission gear 204 meshes with the transmission pinion 203; a transmission bearing 205 is hinged to the upper central shaft of the transmission gear 204; as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the upper end of the transmission bearing 205 is provided with a first upper sealing cover 206, and the upper end of the transmission bearing 205 is fixedly sealed to the first upper sealing cover 206 by a first upper O-ring 208; the lower end of the transmission bearing 205 is provided with a first lower sealing cover 207, and the lower end of the transmission bearing 205 is fixedly sealed to the first lower sealing cover 207 by a first lower O-ring 209; after the lower end of the transmission bearing 205 passes through the transmission gear 204, it is connected to the atomizing assembly 3 by bolts.

[0031] The atomizing component 3 includes several... Figure 4 The infusion shaft 301 shown in the diagram connects at its upper end to the agricultural drone. It passes through the transmission assembly 2 and communicates with the atomizing disk at the lower end of the atomizing disk cover 306. The atomizing disk includes an upper atomizing disk 303 and a lower atomizing disk 305. The lower atomizing disk 305 is located below the upper atomizing disk 303. A first spraying space is formed between the atomizing disk cover 306 and the upper atomizing disk 303, and a second spraying space is formed between the upper atomizing disk 303 and the lower atomizing disk 305. After passing through the transmission assembly 2, the infusion shaft 301 passes through the transmission assembly 2 and then through the interior of the transmission bearing 205, communicating sequentially with the first and second spraying spaces. An upper atomizing disc bearing 302 is provided between the atomizing disc cover 306 and the upper atomizing disc 303. The upper end of the upper atomizing disc bearing 302 is provided with a second upper sealing cover 307 through a second upper O-ring 309, and the lower end of the upper atomizing disc bearing 302 is provided with a second lower sealing cover 308 through a second lower O-ring 310. The upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 are hinged to the infusion shaft 301 via the upper atomizing disc bearing 302 and the lower atomizing disc bearing 304. The upper end of the lower atomizing disc bearing 304 is fitted with a third upper sealing cover 311 via a third upper O-ring seal 313, and the lower end of the lower atomizing disc bearing 304 is fitted with a third lower sealing cover 312 via a third lower O-ring seal 314. An atomizing disc cover 306 is provided at the upper end of the upper atomizing disc 303. The large transmission gear 204 and the small transmission gear 203 in the transmission assembly 2 are fixed to the upper end of the atomizing disc cover 306. Figure 5As shown, both the upper atomizing disk 303 and the lower atomizing disk 305 have a bowl-shaped structure. A plurality of rectangular atomizing teeth are evenly arranged on the inner side of the bowls of the upper atomizing disk 303 and the lower atomizing disk 305. These rectangular atomizing teeth are arranged in a circular array centered on the centers of the upper atomizing disk 303 and the lower atomizing disk 305. Figure 6 As shown, the bottom of the upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 are provided with a central hole, and four bolt holes are evenly arranged around the central hole. The infusion shaft 301 passes through the central hole of the upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305. The atomizing disc cover 306, the upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 are connected and fixed by screws and the four bolt holes.

[0032] The upper end of the motor support 201 in the transmission assembly 2 is also provided with a variable implementation assembly 4, which includes a stepper motor 401. A stepper motor support 402 is provided on the motor support 201, and the stepper motor 401 is mounted on the stepper motor support 402. A cylindrical cam 403 is provided at the lower end of the motor support 201. Figure 7 As shown, the cylindrical cam 403 has three trajectory curves, corresponding to the three-level variable spraying of the drone's atomizing nozzle; the lower end of the cylindrical cam 403 is rotatably connected to the sliding sleeve 404, as shown. Figure 8 As shown, the infusion shaft 301 passes through the interior of the sliding sleeve 404 from the lower end of the motor support 201. After the infusion shaft 301 continues to pass through the transmission bearing 205 of the transmission gear 204, the infusion shaft 301 is connected to the atomizing component 3. The sliding sleeve 404, the infusion shaft 301 and the transmission bearing 205 are all coaxially arranged.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] This embodiment proposes a drone device with a centrifugal atomizing nozzle featuring three-stage variable spraying, and its specific implementation method is as follows:

[0035] Technicians installed the centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying onto the agricultural drone, connected the infusion shaft 301 to the drone's infusion equipment, and adjusted it to ensure the pesticide solution from the infusion equipment entered the infusion shaft 301. Based on operational requirements, the speed of the brushless motor 1 was set, and the brushless motor 1 transmitted power to the atomizing assembly 3 via the transmission component 2, driving the upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 to rotate at high speed. The upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 are equipped with first atomizing teeth. First-stage atomization occurs during the collision and contact with the rectangular atomizing teeth. Subsequently, the upper atomizing disc 303 rotates at high speed, generating centrifugal force within the first and second enclosed spaces. This centrifugal force disperses the pesticide solution in the upper and lower atomizing discs 303 and 305, causing it to diffuse along the upper surface of the discs towards their edges. Upon reaching the edges, second-stage atomization occurs during the collision and contact with the arc-shaped atomizing teeth. The pesticide solution is then ejected, forming tiny mist particles, undergoing third-stage atomization before being sprayed outwards. This process produces even smaller droplets, significantly improving the atomization effect of the pesticide solution. For areas with severe pest and disease infestations, the speed of the brushless motor 1 is adjusted to a higher value to produce finer droplets and enhance pesticide coverage. For areas with milder pest and disease infestations, the speed is appropriately reduced. The pesticide solution is supplied to the delivery shaft 301 by the liquid supply equipment of the plant protection drone. The solution enters the upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 through the delivery shaft 301. The atomization is achieved by the high-speed rotation of the upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 and the radial grooves processed on the inner wall of the atomizing disc. The atomized pesticide particles are sprayed out from the spray nozzle under the action of centrifugal force to realize the spraying operation.

[0036] The agricultural drone takes off and enters the orchard operation area according to the preset route. When the drone flies to an area severely affected by pests and diseases, the variable implementation component 4 starts working. The stepper motor 401 drives the cylindrical cam 403 to rotate, thereby controlling the movement trajectory of the sliding sleeve 404. The sliding sleeve 404 controls the outlet of the infusion shaft 301, allowing the upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 to receive liquid simultaneously. The liquid intake of the upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 is controlled by the different movements of the sliding sleeve 404 on the three-layer trajectory curve of the cylindrical cam 403. Because the upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 work simultaneously, the coverage area is increased. The high-speed rotating upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 fully atomize the pesticide. A large number of fine droplets are sprayed out from the spray nozzle under the action of centrifugal force, and evenly cover the branches and leaves of the apple trees. This effectively increases the amount of pesticide sprayed and the coverage effect, ensuring effective control of pests and diseases.

[0037] When the drone flies to an area with less severe pest and disease infestation, the variable application component 4 comes into play again. By controlling the stepper motor 401 to rotate the cylindrical cam 403, the movement trajectory of the sliding sleeve 404 is changed, allowing the upper atomizing disc 303 to dispense liquid independently, while the lower atomizing disc 305 stops dispensing liquid. This reduces the amount of pesticide applied, while utilizing the atomization function of the upper atomizing disc 303 to ensure that the pesticide is precisely applied to the target, avoiding pesticide waste and excessive environmental pollution. Throughout the orchard spraying process, the plant protection drone flexibly switches the dispensing modes of the upper atomizing disc 303 and the lower atomizing disc 305 according to the pest and disease situation in different areas through the variable application component 4, achieving precise three-level variable spraying operations.

[0038] After the pesticide application was completed, observation over a period of time revealed that pests and diseases were effectively controlled. In areas severely affected by pests and diseases, the high application rate and excellent atomization of the pesticide ensured a powerful impact. In areas with milder infestations, precise variable-rate spraying ensured control effectiveness while reducing pesticide usage and minimizing environmental impact. Furthermore, the highly efficient atomization of the nozzle improved pesticide utilization, reduced pesticide residues, and ensured the quality and safety of the fruit.

[0039] The centrifugal atomizing nozzle implementation method described above, using a three-stage variable spraying system, allows for varying coverage areas when different atomizing discs are activated. Two layers of atomizing discs can work together to achieve precise variable spraying of different pesticide dosages, depending on the needs of the work area. The high-speed rotating centrifugal nozzle can obtain droplets of different sizes by changing its rotation speed, greatly improving the atomization effect of the pesticide solution. This is beneficial for enhancing the effectiveness of agricultural drones in controlling crop pests and diseases. Furthermore, by adjusting the nozzle structure, variable spraying of the pesticide solution can be achieved, ensuring precise targeting of the pesticide, improving pesticide utilization, and reducing environmental pollution.

[0040] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying, characterized in that, The system includes a transmission assembly (2), on which a brushless motor (1) is mounted. The lower end of the transmission assembly (2) is connected to an atomizing assembly (3). The upper end of the transmission assembly (2) is also provided with a variable implementation assembly (4), which includes a stepper motor (401). The stepper motor (401) is mounted on a stepper motor support (402), which is located above the transmission assembly (2). The lower end of the motor support (201) is provided with a cylindrical cam (403), which is coaxial with the infusion shaft (301). The cylindrical cam (403) has three layers of trajectory curves. The atomizing assembly (3) includes an atomizing disc cover (306), on which an upper atomizing disc (303) is provided. The atomizing disc cover (306) and the upper atomizing disc (303) are connected. A first spraying space is formed between the upper atomizing discs (303). A lower atomizing disc (305) is provided at the lower end of the upper atomizing disc (303). A second spraying space is formed between the upper atomizing disc (303) and the lower atomizing disc (305). Both the upper atomizing disc (303) and the lower atomizing disc (305) are bowl-shaped structures. Several rectangular atomizing teeth are evenly arranged in the inner side of the bowl of the upper atomizing disc (303) and the lower atomizing disc (305). The rectangular atomizing teeth are arranged in a ring array with the center of the upper atomizing disc (303) and the lower atomizing disc (305) as the center. The infusion shaft (301) passes through the transmission assembly (2) and is connected to the first spraying space and the second spraying space in sequence. The inlet pipe of the infusion shaft (301) is connected to the liquid supply device. The brushless motor (1) controls the rotation of the atomizing assembly (3) through the transmission assembly (2).

2. The centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (2) includes a motor support base (201), and the brushless motor (1) is fixed on the motor support base (201).

3. The centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (2) also includes a large transmission gear (204) and a small transmission gear (203). A connecting rod (202) is provided on the upper end of the small transmission gear (203). The output shaft of the brushless motor (1) is connected to the small transmission gear (203) through the connecting rod (202). The large transmission gear (204) meshes with the small transmission gear (203).

4. The centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper end of the transmission gear (204) is provided with a transmission bearing (205), the upper end of the transmission bearing (205) is provided with a first upper sealing cover (206), the lower end of the transmission bearing (205) is provided with a first lower sealing cover (207), and the infusion shaft (301) passes through the interior of the transmission bearing (205) and communicates with the atomizing component (3).

5. A centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper end of the transmission bearing (205) is provided with a first upper O-ring seal (208), and the lower end of the transmission bearing (205) is provided with a first lower O-ring seal (209). The upper end of the transmission bearing (205) is fixedly sealed to the first upper sealing cover (206) through the first upper O-ring seal (208); the lower end of the transmission bearing (205) is fixedly sealed to the first lower sealing cover (207) through the first lower O-ring seal (209).

6. A centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, An upper atomizing disc bearing (302) is provided between the atomizing disc cover (306) and the upper atomizing disc (303). The upper end of the upper atomizing disc bearing (302) is provided with a second upper sealing cover (307) through a second upper O-ring (309), and the lower end of the upper atomizing disc bearing (302) is provided with a second lower sealing cover (308) through a second lower O-ring (310).

7. A centrifugal atomizing nozzle for three-stage variable spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper atomizing disc (303) and the lower atomizing disc (305) are provided with a lower atomizing disc bearing (304). The upper end of the lower atomizing disc bearing (304) is provided with a third upper sealing cover (311) through a third upper O-ring (313), and the lower end of the lower atomizing disc bearing (304) is provided with a third lower sealing cover (312) through a third lower O-ring (314).

8. A drone device with a three-stage variable spray centrifugal atomizing nozzle, based on any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The infusion shaft (301) is connected to the infusion supply device of the UAV equipment.

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