Low-temperature-resistant anti-cracking waterproof concrete and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses low-temperature-resistant anti-cracking waterproof concrete and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of concrete. The low-temperature-resistant anti-cracking waterproof concrete is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 to 180 parts of aggregate, 20 to 35 parts of Portland cement, 10 to 22 parts of water, 25 to 40 parts of composite sol, 4 to 8 parts of straw fiber, 4 to 10 parts of basalt fiber, 1 to 2 parts of antifreeze agent, 5 to 10 parts of polyhydroxylated glass micro powder and 20 to 35 parts of layered mineral composite material. According to the low-temperature-resistant anti-cracking waterproof concrete disclosed by the invention, the aim of improving the anti-cracking and anti-freezing performance of the concrete is finally achieved through mutual cooperation, combined action and mutual supplement of various raw materials, and meanwhile, the concrete also has excellent waterproof performance and can effectively block permeation of water, so that the durability of a building is further enhanced, and the service life of the building is further prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to low temperature resistant, crack resistant and waterproof concrete and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When concrete structures are exposed to cold natural environments or areas near the sea for a long time, they often suffer a certain degree of damage due to the effect of frost heave water. This damage is mainly manifested as cracking and spalling. Over time, these damages will gradually intensify, eventually resulting in a significant reduction in the antifreeze performance of the concrete structure before it reaches its expected service life. This reduced antifreeze performance will lead to a decrease in the bearing capacity of the structure and may even cause serious problems such as road collapse. In the field of structural engineering, freeze-thaw damage is a common problem and can generally be divided into two categories. The first category is that the concrete structure is in a cold area, and the water and seawater in the natural environment act on the concrete as a medium. The second category is caused by human factors, such as deicing salt or snow melting agents spread in winter to remove ice and snow on the road surface. These chemicals act together with water on the road surface to form a dual destructive medium. In order to reduce engineering accidents and economic losses caused by freeze-thaw damage problems, ensure that the concrete structure maintains sufficient bearing capacity throughout its service life, and effectively guarantee the durability of concrete materials, it is urgent to develop a concrete material with excellent freeze-thaw resistance.

[0003] In order to deal with the problem of freeze-thaw damage to concrete in cold environments, current technical means usually adopt the method of adding air-entraining agents to concrete. By introducing air-entraining agents into concrete, a series of closed tiny bubbles can be formed inside it. These tiny bubbles are independent of each other, effectively blocking the channels of the capillary pores and reducing the penetration of water. In this way, when concrete is exposed to a low temperature environment, it is not easy for water to penetrate and freeze, thereby reducing the damage caused by the expansion of water freezing. This mechanism significantly improves the antifreeze performance of concrete. However, although the use of air-entraining agents has a significant effect in improving the antifreeze performance of concrete, its introduction also brings some negative effects. Specifically, the addition of air-entraining agents tends to reduce the strength of concrete. The reduction in strength will directly affect the bearing capacity and durability of concrete, thereby limiting its scope of application in practical engineering to a certain extent. Therefore, in order to overcome this problem, it is necessary to develop a new type of concrete that has both excellent antifreeze performance and high strength. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low temperature resistant, crack resistant and waterproof concrete and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a low-temperature resistant, crack-resistant and waterproof concrete, which comprises, by weight, 100-180 parts of aggregate, 20-35 parts of silicate cement, 10-22 parts of water, 25-40 parts of composite sol, 4-8 parts of straw fiber, 4-10 parts of basalt fiber, 1-2 parts of antifreeze agent, 5-10 parts of polyhydroxylated glass powder and 20-35 parts of layered mineral composite.

[0006] Furthermore, the composite sol is mixed by cellulose sol and silica sol in a mass ratio of 0.1 to 0.5:1.

[0007] Furthermore, the silica sol is prepared from aminosilane, and the pH is continuously adjusted to make the sol system weakly acidic or neutral.

[0008] Further, the aminosilane includes at least one of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 4-amino-3,3-dimethylbutyltrimethoxysilane, 2-aminoethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and 4-aminobutyltriethoxysilane.

[0009] Furthermore, the linear density of the basalt fiber is 300-500 tex, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 6-8 μm.

[0010] Furthermore, the antifreeze agent is composed of glycerol, sodium chloride, ethylene glycol, and air entraining agent in a mass ratio of 2-4: 0.8-1.5: 1.5-2.5: 1-4

[0011] Furthermore, the air entraining agent includes at least one of a sodium fatty alcohol sulfate air entraining agent, rosin soap, rosin thermal polymer and tripterygium saponin.

[0012] Furthermore, the layered mineral composite is prepared by mixing mica and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 1:2 and grinding the mixture until the mixture passes through a 300-mesh sieve.

[0013] Furthermore, the low temperature resistant, crack resistant and waterproof concrete comprises the following preparation steps:

[0014] (1) Mixing polyhydroxylated glass powder and two-thirds of water at 120 rpm for 60 seconds, adding silicate cement and 1 / 2 antifreeze agent, and stirring at 300 rpm for 120 seconds to obtain mixture I;

[0015] (2) Coarse aggregate with a particle size of 10 to 25 mm and harmless solid waste with a particle size of 1 to 5 mm are mixed in a mass ratio of 8 to 10:5 to 6 to obtain aggregate, and liquid epoxy resin and polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.1, and added to the aggregate and stirred sufficiently to ensure that the aggregate is evenly coated with the epoxy resin solution to obtain a mixture II; the liquid epoxy resin is a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and its epoxy value is 0.41 to 0.54;

[0016] (3) The composite sol, straw fiber, and basalt fiber were stirred at 120 rpm for 60 s, and mixture II was added and stirred at 120 rpm for 5 min. The layered mineral composite was added and stirred at 120 rpm for 60 s. Then, mixture I, the remaining 1 / 3 of water, and the remaining 1 / 2 of antifreeze agent were added and stirred at 300 rpm for 60 s. The mixture was put into a mold for curing to obtain low-temperature resistant, crack-resistant and waterproof concrete.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0018] In the mixing process involved in the present invention, cement, polyhydroxylated glass powder, part of water and part of antifreeze agent are first mixed. The antifreeze agent contains a certain amount of air entraining agent, which can make the cement hydration product form fibrous gel. These gels are then combined with the aggregate and layered mineral composite material added later to form numerous closed pores inside the material, which helps to relieve the frost heave pressure, thereby significantly improving the antifreeze performance of the material. Polyhydroxylated glass powder uses glass waste as raw material, and its surface is rich in multiple hydroxyl groups. These hydroxyl groups can form hydrogen bonds between the surface of the powder and water molecules. During the mixing process, hydrogen bonds play a restraining role on water molecules, thereby effectively extending the hydration time of cement. This extended hydration time is conducive to the air entraining agent to fully exert its function, promote the formation of fibrous gel, and reduce temperature cracks, thereby improving the crack resistance and antifreeze performance of concrete.

[0019] The present invention relates to a ternary composite system combining composite sol with straw fiber and basalt fiber, which effectively enhances the rigidity and toughness of the system, thereby improving the anti-cracking performance of concrete. Meanwhile, the composite sol improves the bonding strength between the ternary composite system and concrete, thereby ultimately improving the frost resistance of concrete.

[0020] The present invention uses epoxy resin-wrapped aggregates and composite sols for compounding. The amino groups in the molecular structure of the composite sols are chemically combined with the aggregates, which drives the epoxy resin to solidify and forms a three-dimensional network structure, thereby enhancing strength and low-temperature resistance. At the same time, the differences in shape and particle size between the aggregates and the layered mineral composites produce irregular gaps, thereby providing space for ice crystal growth, eliminating the frost heave stress generated during ice crystal growth, and reducing the possibility of cracking of the recycled concrete under freeze-thaw cycle conditions. Subsequently, an air entraining agent is added to isolate the holes, thereby ensuring antifreeze performance and improving the mechanical properties of the concrete while reducing water infiltration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] A low temperature resistant, crack resistant and waterproof concrete comprises, by weight, 100 parts of aggregate, 20 parts of silicate cement, 12 parts of water, 25 parts of composite sol, 4 parts of straw fiber, 4 parts of basalt fiber, 1 part of antifreeze agent, 5 parts of polyhydroxylated glass powder and 20 parts of layered mineral composite material, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0024] (1) Dissolve 1 g of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane in 15 g of anhydrous ethanol, stir in a water bath at 45° C. for 30 min at a speed of 100 rpm; add 5 g of deionized water to the solution, continue stirring in a water bath at 45° C. for 30 min at a speed of 100 rpm, then add concentrated hydrochloric acid with a solute mass fraction of 37%, adjust the pH to 0.8, continue stirring and reacting in a water bath at 45° C. for 4 h at a speed of 100 rpm, then slowly add ammonia water, adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 6.5, and react in a water bath at 45° C. for 1 h to obtain silica sol;

[0025] (2) Add 81 mL of deionized water, 7 g of lithium hydroxide monohydrate and 12 g of urea into a beaker, add 2 g of microcrystalline cellulose, and after ultrasonic dispersion for 5 minutes, place the mixed solution in a refrigerator and freeze it for 12 hours. Take it out, stir it mechanically and centrifuge it to obtain a cellulose sol;

[0026] (3) mixing cellulose sol and silica sol in a mass ratio of 0.1:1 to obtain a composite sol;

[0027] (4) using a peel and pulp separator to separate the peel and pulp of the corn stalk, washing the separated straw peel with water, drying to constant weight to obtain dried straw peel, and then cutting to obtain chopped straw peel with a length of 20 mm, and finely crushing with a large hammer mill and obtaining straw fiber with a particle size of 40 mesh through a pneumatic dust removal system;

[0028] (5) adding the waste glass to a ball mill, grinding the waste glass and passing it through a 60-mesh sieve, immersing it in a mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide in a volume ratio of 6:4 for 0.5 h, filtering it, ultrasonically cleaning it with deionized water, and then drying it in an oven to obtain polyhydroxylated glass powder;

[0029] (6) Glycerol, sodium chloride, ethylene glycol, and fatty alcohol sodium sulfate air-entraining agent are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 2:0.8:1.5:1 to obtain an antifreeze agent;

[0030] (7) Mixing polyhydroxylated glass powder and two-thirds of water at 120 rpm for 60 seconds, adding silicate cement and 1 / 2 antifreeze agent, and stirring at 300 rpm for 120 seconds to obtain mixture I;

[0031] (8) Coarse aggregate with a particle size of 10 mm and harmless solid waste with a particle size of 1 mm are mixed in a mass ratio of 8:5 to obtain aggregate, liquid epoxy resin and polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.1, and added to the aggregate and stirred sufficiently to ensure that the aggregate is evenly coated with the epoxy resin solution, thereby obtaining mixture II;

[0032] (9) The composite sol, straw fiber, and basalt fiber with a diameter of 6 μm were stirred at 120 rpm for 60 s, and mixed material II was added. The mixture was stirred at 120 rpm for 5 min, and a layered mineral composite was added. The layered mineral composite was prepared by mixing mica and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 1:2 and grinding them until they passed through a 300-mesh sieve. The mixture was stirred at 120 rpm for 60 s, and mixed material I, the remaining 1 / 3 of water, and the remaining 1 / 2 of antifreeze agent were added. The mixture was stirred at 300 rpm for 60 s, and molded for curing to obtain low-temperature resistant, crack-resistant and waterproof concrete. The water penetration depth of the standard test block tested by the step-by-step pressure method in GB / T50082-2009 "Standard for Test Methods for Long-term Performance and Durability of Ordinary Concrete" was 3.7 mm.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A low temperature resistant, crack resistant and waterproof concrete comprises, by weight, 140 parts of aggregate, 27 parts of silicate cement, 16 parts of water, 35 parts of composite sol, 6 parts of straw fiber, 7 parts of basalt fiber, 2 parts of antifreeze agent, 7 parts of polyhydroxylated glass powder and 27 parts of layered mineral composite material, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0035] (1) Dissolve 2 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in 18 g of anhydrous ethanol, stir in a water bath at 45° C. for 30 min at a speed of 100 rpm; add 6 g of deionized water to the solution, continue stirring in a water bath at 45° C. for 30 min at a speed of 100 rpm, then add concentrated hydrochloric acid with a solute mass fraction of 37%, adjust the pH to 0.8, continue stirring and reacting in a water bath at 45° C. for 4 h at a speed of 100 rpm, then slowly add ammonia water, adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 6.5, and react in a water bath at 45° C. for 1 h to obtain silica sol;

[0036] (2) Add 81 mL of deionized water, 7 g of lithium hydroxide monohydrate and 12 g of urea into a beaker, add 2 g of microcrystalline cellulose, and after ultrasonic dispersion for 5 minutes, place the mixed solution in a refrigerator and freeze it for 12 hours. Take it out, stir it mechanically and centrifuge it to obtain a cellulose sol;

[0037] (3) mixing cellulose sol and silica sol in a mass ratio of 0.3:1 to obtain a composite sol;

[0038] (4) using a peel and pith separator to separate the peel and pith of the corn stalk, washing the separated stalk peel with water, drying to constant weight to obtain dried stalk peel, cutting to obtain chopped stalk peel with a length of 60 mm, and finely grinding with a large hammer mill and obtaining stalk fiber with a particle size of 100 mesh through a pneumatic dust removal system;

[0039] (5) adding the waste glass to a ball mill, ball milling the waste glass and passing through a 60-mesh sieve, immersing the waste glass in a mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide in a volume ratio of 7:2 for 1 h, filtering the waste glass, ultrasonically cleaning the waste glass with deionized water, and drying the waste glass in an oven to obtain polyhydroxylated glass powder;

[0040] (6) Glycerin, sodium chloride, ethylene glycol, and rosin soap are mixed uniformly in a mass ratio of 3:1.2:2:2.5 to obtain an antifreeze agent;

[0041] (7) Mixing polyhydroxylated glass powder and two-thirds of water at 120 rpm for 60 seconds, adding silicate cement and 1 / 2 antifreeze agent, and stirring at 300 rpm for 120 seconds to obtain mixture I;

[0042] (8) Coarse aggregate with a particle size of 18 mm and harmless solid waste with a particle size of 3 mm are mixed in a mass ratio of 9:5 to obtain aggregate, liquid epoxy resin and polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.1, and added to the aggregate and stirred thoroughly to ensure that the aggregate is evenly coated with the epoxy resin solution, thereby obtaining mixture II;

[0043] (9) The composite sol, straw fiber, and basalt fiber with a diameter of 7 μm were stirred at 120 rpm for 60 s, and mixed material II was added. The mixture was stirred at 120 rpm for 5 min, and a layered mineral composite was added. The layered mineral composite was prepared by mixing mica and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 1:2 and grinding them until they passed through a 300-mesh sieve. The mixture was stirred at 120 rpm for 60 s, and mixed material I, the remaining 1 / 3 of water, and the remaining 1 / 2 of antifreeze agent were added. The mixture was stirred at 300 rpm for 60 s, and molded for curing to obtain low-temperature resistant, crack-resistant and waterproof concrete. The water penetration depth of the standard test block tested by the step-by-step pressure method in GB / T50082-2009 "Standard for Test Methods for Long-term Performance and Durability of Ordinary Concrete" was 3.3 mm.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] A low temperature resistant, crack resistant and waterproof concrete comprises, by weight, 180 parts of aggregate, 35 parts of silicate cement, 22 parts of water, 40 parts of composite sol, 8 parts of straw fiber, 10 parts of basalt fiber, 2 parts of antifreeze agent, 10 parts of polyhydroxylated glass powder and 35 parts of layered mineral composite material, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0046] (1) Dissolve 3 g of 4-aminobutyltriethoxysilane in 20 g of anhydrous ethanol, stir in a water bath at 45° C. for 30 min at a speed of 100 rpm; add 7 g of deionized water to the solution, continue stirring in a water bath at 45° C. for 30 min at a speed of 100 rpm, then add concentrated hydrochloric acid with a solute mass fraction of 37%, adjust the pH to 0.8, and continue stirring and reacting in a water bath at 45° C. for 4 h at a speed of 100 rpm, then slowly add ammonia water, adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 7, and react in a water bath at 45° C. for 1 h to obtain silica sol;

[0047] (2) Add 81 mL of deionized water, 7 g of lithium hydroxide monohydrate and 12 g of urea into a beaker, add 2 g of microcrystalline cellulose, and after ultrasonic dispersion for 5 minutes, place the mixed solution in a refrigerator and freeze it for 12 hours. Take it out, stir it mechanically and centrifuge it to obtain a cellulose sol;

[0048] (3) mixing cellulose sol and silica sol in a mass ratio of 0.5:1 to obtain a composite sol;

[0049] (4) using a peel and pith separator to separate the peel and pith of the corn stalk, washing the separated stalk peel with water, drying to constant weight to obtain dried stalk peel, cutting to obtain chopped stalk peel with a length of 100 mm, and finely grinding with a large hammer mill and obtaining stalk fiber with a particle size of 40 mesh through a pneumatic dust removal system;

[0050] (5) adding the waste glass to a ball mill, ball milling the waste glass and passing through a 70-mesh sieve, immersing the waste glass in a mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide in a volume ratio of 8:4 for 1.5 h, filtering the waste glass, ultrasonically cleaning the waste glass with deionized water, and drying the waste glass in an oven to obtain polyhydroxylated glass powder;

[0051] (6) Glycerin, sodium chloride, ethylene glycol, and rosin thermal polymer are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1.5:2.5:4 to obtain an antifreeze agent;

[0052] (7) Mixing polyhydroxylated glass powder and two-thirds of water at 120 rpm for 60 seconds, adding silicate cement and 1 / 2 antifreeze agent, and stirring at 300 rpm for 120 seconds to obtain mixture I;

[0053] (8) Coarse aggregate with a particle size of 25 mm and harmless solid waste with a particle size of 5 mm are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:6 to obtain aggregate, liquid epoxy resin and polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.1, and added to the aggregate and stirred thoroughly to ensure that the aggregate is evenly coated with the epoxy resin solution, thereby obtaining mixture II;

[0054] (9) The composite sol, straw fiber, and basalt fiber with a diameter of 8 μm were stirred at 120 rpm for 60 s, and mixed material II was added. The mixture was stirred at 120 rpm for 5 min, and a layered mineral composite was added. The layered mineral composite was prepared by mixing mica and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 1:2 and grinding them until they passed through a 300-mesh sieve. The mixture was stirred at 120 rpm for 60 s, and mixed material I, the remaining 1 / 3 of water, and the remaining 1 / 2 of antifreeze agent were added. The mixture was stirred at 300 rpm for 60 s, and molded for curing to obtain low-temperature resistant, crack-resistant and waterproof concrete. The water penetration depth of the standard test block tested by the step-by-step pressure method in GB / T50082-2009 "Standard for Test Methods for Long-term Performance and Durability of Ordinary Concrete" was 3.5 mm.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that no composite sol is added, and the remaining components and preparation method are the same as Example 2.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that straw fiber is not added, and the remaining components and preparation method are the same as Example 2.

[0059] Comparative Example 3

[0060] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 2 is that basalt fiber is not added, and the other components and preparation method are the same as Example 2.

[0061] Comparative Example 4

[0062] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 2 is that no antifreeze agent is added, and the remaining components and preparation method are the same as Example 2.

[0063] Comparative Example 5

[0064] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 2 is that no polyhydroxylated glass powder is added, and the remaining components and preparation method are the same as those of Example 2.

[0065] Comparative Example 6

[0066] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 2 is that no liquid epoxy resin is added, and the remaining components and preparation method are the same as Example 2.

[0067] Comparative Example 7

[0068] The difference between Comparative Example 7 and Example 2 is that the raw materials of each component are directly mixed according to weight proportions, and the remaining components and preparation method are the same as those of Example 2.

[0069] Performance testing

[0070] The compressive strength and frost resistance of the concrete prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 were tested according to the standard GB / T50082-2009. The specific test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0071] The frost resistance of concrete samples was tested according to standard GB / TGB / T50476.

[0072] According to the formula and steps of each embodiment and comparative example, a cubic test block with a side length of 150 mm was prepared under the same conditions, and a freeze-thaw cycle test was carried out with reference to "GB / T50085-2009 Test method for long-term performance and durability of ordinary concrete", and the number of freeze-thaw cycles corresponding to the appearance of visible cracks on the surface of the test block was recorded.

[0073] The concrete prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 were respectively taken, and the concrete was made into a flat thin plate test piece with a specification of 800mm×600mm×100mm. The total crack area per unit area of ​​the concrete prepared in each Example and Comparative Example after molding for 24 hours was tested according to GB / T50082-2009 "Standard for Test Methods for Long-term Properties and Durability of Ordinary Concrete".

[0074] Table 1

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] By comparing the data of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 in Table 1, it can be seen that the present application achieves the purpose of improving the crack resistance and frost resistance of concrete through the coordinated cooperation of multiple raw materials.

[0078] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any marking in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A low temperature resistant, crack resistant and waterproof concrete, characterized in that: Calculated by weight, it includes 100-180 parts of aggregate, 20-35 parts of Portland cement, 10-22 parts of water, 25-40 parts of composite sol, 4-8 parts of straw fiber, 4-10 parts of basalt fiber, 1-2 parts of antifreeze agent, 5-10 parts of polyhydroxylated glass powder and 20-35 parts of layered mineral composite.

2. The low temperature resistant and crack resistant waterproof concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite sol is prepared by mixing cellulose sol and silica sol in a mass ratio of 0.1 to 0.5:

1.

3. The low temperature resistant and crack resistant waterproof concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: The silica sol is prepared from aminosilane, and the pH is continuously adjusted to make the sol system weakly acidic or neutral.

4. The low temperature resistant and crack resistant waterproof concrete according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aminosilane includes at least one of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 4-amino-3,3-dimethylbutyltrimethoxysilane, 2-aminoethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and 4-aminobutyltriethoxysilane.

5. The low temperature resistant and crack resistant waterproof concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear density of the basalt fiber is 300-500 tex, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 6-8 μm.

6. The low temperature resistant and crack resistant waterproof concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antifreeze agent is composed of glycerol, sodium chloride, ethylene glycol and air entraining agent in a mass ratio of 2 to 4: 0.8～1.5：1.5～2.5：1～4。 7. The low temperature resistant and crack resistant waterproof concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air entraining agent comprises at least one of a sodium fatty alcohol sulfate air entraining agent, rosin soap, rosin thermal polymer and tripterygium saponin.

8. The low temperature resistant and crack resistant waterproof concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layered mineral composite material is prepared by mixing mica and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 1:2 and grinding the mixture until the mixture passes through a 300-mesh sieve.

9. The method for preparing low temperature resistant, crack resistant and waterproof concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: (1) Mixing polyhydroxylated glass powder and two-thirds of water at 120 rpm for 60 seconds, adding silicate cement and 1 / 2 antifreeze agent, and stirring at 300 rpm for 120 seconds to obtain mixture I; (2) Coarse aggregate with a particle size of 10 to 25 mm and harmless solid waste with a particle size of 1 to 5 mm are mixed in a mass ratio of 8 to 10:5 to 6 to obtain aggregate, liquid epoxy resin and polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.1, and added to the aggregate and stirred thoroughly to ensure that the aggregate is evenly coated with the epoxy resin solution to obtain mixture II; (3) The composite sol, straw fiber, and basalt fiber were stirred at 120 rpm for 60 s, and mixture II was added and stirred at 120 rpm for 5 min. The layered mineral composite was added and stirred at 120 rpm for 60 s. Then, mixture I, the remaining 1 / 3 of water, and the remaining 1 / 2 of antifreeze agent were added and stirred at 300 rpm for 60 s. The mixture was put into a mold for curing to obtain low-temperature resistant, crack-resistant and waterproof concrete.

Images